DE102006025458B4 - Transmitter head and system for contactless energy transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

System for contactless energy transmission, comprising a primary conductor system and at least one device movably arranged along it with a transmitter head, the system comprising at least one crossing of at least two grooves (64) provided in the floor (60), in which the primary conductor system can be installed, in the area the crossing is provided with a lower part which is at least non-positively connected to the floor (60), a box (41) which can be releasably closed with a lid (40, 63) being inserted in the crossing and guide means for guiding the outgoing conductors (70) and return conductor (71) in the intersection, so that during the rotation of the faster rotating half of the transmitter head, a double primary current is provided by the current effectively as a circulating current within the intersection and the same current as a square within the Intersection flows.

Description

The invention relates to a transmitter head and a system.

From the DE 44 46 779 C2 and the WO 92/17929 A1 are known methods and for contactless energy transmission in which there is an inductively weak coupling.

From the DE 202 09 174 U1 A switch arrangement is known in which each of the two laid primary conductors are laid with a loop in front of the area of the switch in such a way that the energy supply is not weakened while the switch is being passed. The carriage comprises an E-shaped core, the middle leg of which is held in the central region i between the elongated primary lines.

From the DE 202 09 092 U1 a primary conductor arrangement for a system for inductive transmission of electrical energy is known.

From the DE 100 13 767 A1 a ground transport system with a supply system and control system for non-contact energy transmission is known.

From the DE 103 12 284 A1 a transmitter head for a system for contactless energy transmission is known.

From the DE 199 59 732 A1 an inductive device is known.

From the WO 92/17929 A1 an inductive power distribution system is known.

From the DE 44 46 779 C2 an arrangement for contactless inductive transmission of electrical power is known.

The object of the invention is therefore to make a complex system producible with little effort.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in the transmitter head according to the features specified in claim 9 and in the system according to the features specified in claim 1.

Important features of the system are that it comprises a primary conductor system and at least one device with a transmitter head that can be moved along it,
the system comprising at least one crossing of at least two grooves provided in the floor, in which the primary conductor system can be laid,
a lower part is provided in the area of the intersection, which is at least non-positively connected to the ground and comprises guide parts, in particular for guiding the primary conductors.

The advantage here is that the lower part can be installed quickly and easily. In addition, guides are provided for the laying of the primary conductors, which are therefore quick and easy to lay. The lower part can, for example, be clamped in a blind hole in the floor as a force-locking connection.

In a further development, a snap-in connection can also be used instead of the non-positive connection.

In an advantageous embodiment, the guide parts are provided for deflecting the direction of a primary conductor by approximately 90 °. The advantage here is that the primary conductors can be laid in such a way that larger effective primary currents can be effectively reached in the area of the intersections by the effective primary current acting in two closed loops within the intersection.

In an advantageous embodiment, the non-positive connection is provided by elastic regions formed on the lower part. The advantage here is that the connection can be made quickly and inexpensively in a simple manner.

In an advantageous embodiment, a cover can be integrally connected to the lower part, in particular to the guide parts of the lower part, in particular wherein the cover can be run over by the carriage. The advantage here is that forces when driving over the lid or entering the lid can be derived via the lower part and its contact surfaces on the floor.

In an advantageous embodiment, the lower part has two outstanding designs as guide parts. The advantage here is that the guide parts can be produced in one piece by mere formations and thus the lower part can be provided as an inexpensive, quickly producible part.

In an advantageous embodiment, a primary conductor system and at least one device with a transmitter head arranged movably along it comprises
the system comprising at least one intersection of at least two sections of the primary conductor system, in particular linear sections,
wherein each route comprises at least one route section before the intersection and one route section after the intersection,
wherein each route section has a forward conductor and a return conductor, in particular one to the forward conductor return conductor laid in parallel, as primary conductor system,
each forward conductor of a section of a first section is laid in the intersection in such a way that it is the return conductor of a section of another section.

The advantage here is that the above-mentioned laying results in a structure such that the transmitter head effectively sees two current loops in the region of the intersection and the consumer can therefore continue to be supplied without a significant loss in efficiency. This also applies in particular to the turning of the movable device.

In particular, the first route section and the other route section can be provided at right angles to one another. Thus, a bare left or right curve is to be made when laying the primary conductor.

It is particularly important that the outgoing conductor and return conductor are not provided in both sections of the first section. This applies at least to a system with a single intersection. Other conditions can be achieved by adding further crossings or switches. However, the invention is formulated from the point of view of the immediate vicinity of an intersection in a plant. It is irrelevant to the invention that each route section tangent to the intersection can have different connection conditions at its other end remote from the intersection.

In an advantageous embodiment, the route section of the first route is a route section before the intersection and the route section of the other route is a route section after the intersection. The advantage here is that the outgoing conductor of the first section of the route changes its functionality when passing through the intersection and acts in another section of the route, that is to say, for example, in a section offset by 90 °.

In an advantageous embodiment, the transmitter head is provided such that it can be moved along an elongated primary conductor, in particular forward conductor and / or return conductor. The advantage here is that the transmitter head can be arranged on a carriage. Rail-bound or rail-less arrangements can advantageously be used.

In an advantageous embodiment, the outgoing conductors and return conductors are provided in the intersection within a box, in particular a box which can be releasably closed with a lid. The advantage here is that the crossing can be installed in a protected area. The box can also be fitted with a lid that can be driven over. In addition, the box can be made of plastic, for example.

In an advantageous embodiment, the can comprises guide means for guiding the outgoing conductors and return conductors for easy installation. The advantage here is that the installation can be carried out easily and errors during installation can be prevented.

Important features of the alternative system are that it comprises a primary conductor system for the contactless supply of at least one device arranged movably along it,
the primary conductor system being laid by means of a system of connection points which comprises at least two different variants of connection points,
wherein each connection point comprises a blind hole, in particular a stepped blind hole, and a lower part provided therein, comprising guide parts for guiding the primary conductors.

• - bei einer ersten Variante die Verbindungsstelle als Ausdehnungsstelle, insbesondere zur Kompensation thermischer Ausdehnungen, und/oder
• - bei einer weiteren Variante die Verbindungsstelle als Anschlussstelle, insbesondere zur Anschließen von der Streckeninduktivität kompensierendes Kapazitäten, insbesondere zur Bildung eines Schwingkreises mit einer Resonanzfrequenz, die im Wesentlichen der Mittelfrequenz des Primärstromes entspricht, und/oder
• - bei einer weiteren Variante die Verbindungsstelle als Kreuzung, insbesondere als Kreuzung zweier geradlinig ausgeführten Strecken des Primärleitersystems, und/oder
• - bei einer weiteren Variante die Verbindungsstelle als Kreuzung, wobei die Primärleiter derart verlegt sind, dass im Kreuzungsbereich mindestens zwei effektiv wirksame Stromschleifen entstehen, und/oder
• - bei einer weiteren Variante die Verbindungsstelle als Abschluss einer Strecke des Primärleitersystems, insbesondere umfassend eine Umlenkung eines Hinleiters in einen Rückleiter, und/oder
• - bei einer weiteren Variante die Verbindungsstelle als Übergangsstelle von einem einfachen Streckenbereich zu einem Streckenbereich mit zwei- oder mehrfach effektiv wirksamem Primärstrom,

vorgesehen. Vorteiligerweise sind somit Streckenabschlüsse im Boden verlegbar sowie Anschlüsse für Kompensationselemente. Außerdem sind Bereiche mit höherem effektiv wirksamen Stromwerten realisierbar, beispielsweise für Steigungsbereiche oder andere Bereiche, in denen kurzfristig mehr elektrische Leistung notwendig ist. Außerdem sind Kreuzungen zwischen unabhängigen Strecken realisierbar und zwischen abhängigen Streckenabschnitten, bei denen beispielsweise der Hinleiter des ersten ein Rückleiter des zweiten Streckenabschnittes ist.It is advantageous that a system of connection points that can perform various functions is created with the simplest and inexpensive means. This means that a wide variety of tasks can be planned for the route areas. In particular is

• - In a first variant, the connection point as an expansion point, in particular to compensate for thermal expansion, and / or
• - In a further variant, the connection point as a connection point, in particular for connecting capacitors compensating for the line inductance, in particular for forming a resonant circuit with a resonance frequency which essentially corresponds to the center frequency of the primary current, and / or
• - In a further variant, the connection point as an intersection, in particular as an intersection of two straight lines of the primary conductor system, and / or
• - In a further variant, the connection point as an intersection, the primary conductors being laid such that at least two effectively effective current loops are created in the intersection area, and / or
• - In a further variant, the connection point as the end of a section of the primary conductor system, in particular comprising a deflection of a forward conductor into a return conductor, and / or
• in a further variant, the connection point as a transition point from a simple route area to a route area with primary current which is effective two or more times,

intended. It is therefore advantageously possible to lay line terminations in the floor and connections for compensation elements. In addition, areas with higher effective current values can be realized, for example for slope areas or other areas in which more electrical power is required in the short term. In addition, crossings between independent routes can be realized and between dependent route sections, in which, for example, the forward conductor of the first is a return conductor of the second route section.

All connection points can be covered with a cover that can be driven over.

Important features of the transmitter head are that it is intended for a system for contactless energy transmission, the coil winding comprising a ribbon cable which comprises at least two parallel lines, in particular keeping them at a distance from one another and / or isolating them from one another.

The advantage here is that a coil winding with many partial windings, which can be connected in series, can be produced without great effort. Because the winding only has to be carried out with the ribbon cable. No further effort is required to produce the partial windings.

In an advantageous embodiment, the coil winding is made from two or more ribbon cables, the ribbon cables being arranged in a periodic order from the inside to the outside. The advantage here is that a very large number of partial windings can be produced with little effort. In addition, the adjacent lines of a ribbon are axially adjacent to each other. However, the adjacent lines of two lines in different ribbon cables can be provided radially next to each other. This means that only small voltages occur between adjacent partial windings.

In an advantageous embodiment, the lines are stranded lines, the individual stranded wires of which are insulated from one another. The advantage here is that the skin effect is reduced.

In an advantageous embodiment, each line is provided as a partial winding of the entire coil winding. The advantage here is that the lines are combined in a ribbon cable and thus the coil winding, including all partial windings, can be produced quickly and easily.

In an advantageous embodiment, the transmitter head is provided for a system for contactless energy transmission, the housing of the transmitter head surrounding a secondary coil and its coil core, as well as capacitors for forming a capacitance electrically connected to the coil.

The advantage here is that the transmitter head can be assembled as a unit and that the components can be cooled together. In addition, only one housing is necessary for all components and these can be arranged and isolated in a compact manner. Another major advantage is that the large voltages that occur, particularly in the case of a series resonant circuit, or large currents, in particular in the case of a parallel resonant circuit, are easy to control and it is avoided to lay long electrical lines between the inductance and the capacitance, which would be complex and costly as well increased radiation and losses would result. In addition, only one connection line is provided to the consumer, which has to transmit the consumer current and the consumer voltage. Higher currents or voltages that only occur within or because of the parallel or serial resonant circuit remain spatially within the transmitter head. The associated technical means, such as busbars for heavy current and / or insulating means for high voltages, are thus arranged within the transmitter head, that is to say in a spatially narrow area. The means can thus be carried out in a compact manner. The housing of the transmitter head can also be used for insulation and protection against accidental contact. Furthermore, the wiring, that is to say the electrical connections and connection points, with the exception of the connecting line, can be provided in this spatially narrow area.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one inductance and capacitance are provided in the transmitter head as a resonant circuit, in particular a parallel or series resonant circuit, the resonance frequency essentially corresponding to the center frequency of the primary current. The advantage here is that the electromagnetic radiation and the effort for electrical connections can be reduced.

In an advantageous embodiment, the housing is composed of housing parts, in particular tightly, releasably connectable and / or with a high degree of protection. The advantage here is that the transmitter head can also be used in a damp or wet environment or even in a water environment. Potting compound within the transfer bolster enables even greater tightness and better mechanical stability to be achieved.

In an advantageous embodiment, the coil core is made of ferrite, in particular is composed of a large number of ferrite parts, in particular the same ferrite parts. The advantage here is that different coil cores can always be produced from the same parts. An entire series of coil cores or corresponding pick-up heads can therefore be produced, only one or a few types of parts having to be kept in stock. The high achievable variance within such a modular system nevertheless only requires a small storage volume and correspondingly low expenditure and cost requirements.

In an advantageous embodiment, one, two or more types of ferrite parts are used within the housing. The advantage here is that a high variance in the modular system can be produced with little effort.

In an advantageous embodiment, the transmitter head comprises an electrical connection to a consumer, which can be supplied with energy from the transmitter head. The advantage here is that only a single connection line to the outside is necessary to the consumer. Thus, the further necessary connection means and connections can be provided within the transmitter head and can be protected, insulated and mechanically fixed with the sealing compound and / or the housing.

In an advantageous embodiment, capacitors are arranged on at least one printed circuit board, the conductor tracks of which are electrically connected to the secondary coil. The advantage here is that the connections can be made in a simple and inexpensive manner.

In an advantageous embodiment, the coil winding or coil windings surround the coil core and ferrite plates are provided on the outer surface of the coil. The advantage here is that a reduction in the stray field and thus an improvement in efficiency can be achieved.

In an advantageous embodiment, the coil core is U-shaped, C-shaped or E-shaped, in particular with widened legs of the U, E or C at its end. It is advantageous that the invention with different coil cores and thus also with different types of arrangement of the primary conductors, as exemplified in the DE 44 46 779 C2 and the WO 92/17929 A1 shown is applicable. In the former, an outgoing conductor is provided approximately inside the U. With an E-shaped core, a forward conductor can be provided in the region of the first two legs and a return conductor can be provided in the region of the last two legs.

In an advantageous embodiment, an insulating body is provided between the circuit board and the coil core. The advantage here is that a spatially very compact arrangement can be carried out.

In an advantageous embodiment, the secondary coil is composed of partial windings, each of which is designed as a series resonant circuit with an associated capacitance, the resonance frequency essentially corresponding to the center frequency of the primary current. The advantage here is that the voltages that occur in the series resonant circuit can be reduced in comparison to the design of the transmitter head with only a single inductance and a single capacitance. In the case of an analog design with a parallel resonant circuit, which is composed of resonant circuits connected in parallel from respective partial windings and associated, appropriately coordinated capacitances, currents can be reduced accordingly.

In an advantageous embodiment, the transmitter head comprises a series connection of the series resonant circuits, comprising the respective partial winding and the associated capacitance. The advantage here is that the voltages occurring within the transmitter head can be reduced and thus simpler insulation can be carried out.

In an advantageous embodiment, the transmitter head comprises a series connection of the series resonant circuits, including partial winding and the associated capacitance. The advantage here is that the voltages occurring in the transmitter head, especially at the winding taps, can be kept small.

In an advantageous embodiment, the coil winding is designed as a flat winding. The advantage here is that the transmitter head can be made particularly compact.

In an advantageous embodiment, the housing is designed as a metal, in particular aluminum. The advantage here is that stray fields or eddy current losses can be kept low. In addition, the heat spreading is improved, that is, the heat generated by the coil is distributed more quickly to the housing and thus the peak temperature on the housing is reduced. The metal furthermore improves the shielding of stray magnetic fields emerging from the transmitter head. This even enables the transmitter head to be mounted on steel.

In an advantageous embodiment, potting compound is provided in the interior of the transmitter head. The advantage here is that electrical insulation, mechanical holding force, stability against vibration tendency and heat dissipation to the environment can be improved.

In an advantageous embodiment, the coil winding comprises flat ribbon, the individual strand wires being insulated from one another, in particular a flat or spiral-wound flat ribbon. The advantage here is that HF braid is available at low cost and the effects of the skin effect can be reduced. This means high efficiency can be achieved even at frequencies of the alternating current between 10 and 100 kHz.

In an advantageous embodiment, each sub-winding is connected in series with an associated capacitance, which in turn is followed by another sub-winding in series, the sub-windings being arranged in spatial proximity, in particular adjacent. The advantage here is that spatially adjacent partial windings have a small voltage difference from one another. The requirements for insulation spacing between these adjacent partial windings are therefore low.

In an advantageous embodiment, each sub-winding has an associated capacitance connected in series, which in turn is followed by another sub-winding in series, the first sub-winding being assigned to a first ribbon cable and the other sub-winding being assigned to another ribbon cable. The advantage here is that the two ribbon cables can be wound together to form the coil. In addition, each ribbon cable has an end and a beginning. The advantage here is that a large number of partial windings can be connected quickly and easily to a large number of capacitances and these in turn can be connected to a large number of further partial windings by leading one end of the first and one beginning of the other ribbon cable onto a printed circuit board and electrically connecting them. An extensive series connection of a large number of inductors and capacitors can thus be produced quickly and easily.

Important features of the system are that a previously described transmitter head is provided to be movable along an elongated primary conductor. The advantage here is that a particularly compact system can be provided, in which a primary conductor system can be fed from an infeed, from which movably arranged consumers can be supplied contactlessly via a weak inductive coupling, that is to say also a large air gap.

In an advantageous embodiment, the transmitter head is provided such that it can be moved along an elongated primary conductor. The advantage here is that energy can be transferred to a movably arranged consumer, for example an electric drive of a vehicle.

In an advantageous embodiment, the primary conductors in the direction of the axis of the coil winding are at a distance from the coil core that is smaller than the distance between two legs of the coil core. The advantage here is that a high degree of efficiency can be achieved, even though the primary conductors are arranged in a first level, for example in the floor, and the transmitter head can be moved undisturbed over this level.

In an advantageous embodiment, a cut of the coil core is E-shaped in such a way that a middle leg and two outer legs are provided on back parts arranged in one plane, in particular with the normal direction of the cutting plane running in the direction of the elongated primary conductor. The advantage here is that the primary conductors can be provided in the area between the outer and middle legs, but the primary conductor is at a distance from the legs and the distance between the primary conductor and the part connecting the legs is greater than each leg length. In the case of an E-shaped coil core, the part is the back part of the E.

Further advantages result from the subclaims.

• In der 1a ist eine Übertragerkopf in Draufsicht, in 1b im Schnitt in 1c in Schrägansicht und in 1d in Explosionsdarstellung gezeichnet.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to figures:

• In the 1a is a top view of a transmitter head, in 1b on average in 1c in oblique view and in 1d drawn in an exploded view.

This is a so-called transmitter head, which can be attached to a consumer as an example. The consumer is arranged to be movable along a primary conductor, a medium-frequency alternating current being impressed by a feed into the primary conductor. The feed is preferably designed as a current source. The center frequency is preferably between 10 and 100 kHz.

The associated secondary winding, which can be inductively coupled to the primary conductor, is provided in the transmitter head. The coupling is weak, i.e. over a large air gap. However, so that a high level of efficiency can still be achieved in the contactless transmission of the electrical power from the primary conductor system to the secondary coil, the secondary coil has a capacitance connected in series in such a way that the associated resonant circuit has a resonance frequency which essentially corresponds to the center frequency.

The transmitter head has a housing 1 on, which is preferably made of metal, such as aluminum. This surrounds the essentially E- shaped coil core and the secondary winding surrounding it 16 , The coil core is composed of ferrite plates and ferrite parts. The approximate shape of the coil core can be described as E, the middle leg of which is not widened. However, the outer two legs are widened at their ends by ferrite plates 11 are placed at the end of the legs. The outer legs are made of ferrite parts 12 executed. The middle leg is through two ferrite parts 14 and a ferrite plate provided thereon.

At the side end of the housing 1 are ferrite plates on the inside 21st attached, which are intended to reduce stray fields and further improve efficiency.

The entire arrangement of ferrite cores, ferrite parts and winding is inside the housing 1 intended. Between those with capacitors 6 assembled circuit boards 5 insulation is provided, which is not shown in the figure. On the circuit boards 5 are capacitors 6 provided that form the capacitance mentioned, which is connected to the inductance of the secondary coil in series.

According to the figures, several circuit boards are provided inside. In particular, these are arranged parallel to one another. It has proven to be advantageous to arrange two printed circuit boards along two inner sides, the capacitors being arranged facing away from one another.

By means of the seal 7 is a case plate using screws on the case 1 screwable and tightly connectable. The interior is cast with potting compound beforehand, which means that heat conduction and insulation can be improved.

On the housing 1 is also an implementation of the connecting cable 10th intended. A consumer such as an electric motor or electronic circuit can thus be supplied.

The coil core, which is E-shaped on average, is composed of a large number of small ferrite plates and ferrite parts. Thus, the production of different geometrical dimensions and shapes is simple, inexpensive and quick.

In further exemplary embodiments according to the invention, the capacitance is implemented in parallel instead of in series with the inductance of the secondary coil.

The winding is made of HF stranded wire, i.e. of stranded wire whose mutually touching individual wires are electrically insulated from one another. The losses are thus reduced.

In addition, the strand is designed as a flat ribbon. This means that high efficiency can be achieved in a compact space.

The winding is designed as a flat winding, i.e. as a flat concentric winding. The winding is rectangular-spiral. That is, the winding wire is wound in an approximately rectangular shape on one plane. This saves installation space.

The aluminum housing reduces losses and thus improves the efficiency of the system.

The primary conductor system comprises at least one elongated outgoing conductor and return conductor, which belong to a closed loop of the primary conductor system. Both are outside the transfer bolster, in particular outside the E-shaped coil core. The two conductors are towards the longer side of the rectangular transmitter head 1a relocated. The transmitter head is guided along this conductor at a certain distance in the line direction. The transmitter head is assigned to a rail-bound wagon or a wagon without rail binding. In the latter case, it has proven to be advantageous to equip the car with a tracking antenna which can guide the car in the direction of the line.

Seen in top view, i.e. in line of sight 1a , the outgoing conductor is provided between the middle leg and an outer leg of the E-shaped coil core. The return conductor is provided between the middle leg and the other outer leg of the E-shaped coil core. As already mentioned, however, a distance is provided between the coil core and the outgoing conductor and return conductor in the viewing direction. However, this distance is smaller than the leg distance, i.e. the distance from the middle to the outer leg of the E.

In further exemplary embodiments according to the invention, the winding of the secondary coil is composed of partial windings, with each partial winding having a capacitance connected in series to reduce the peak voltage that occurs at the secondary coil connections, that is to say also in the connecting line 10th . The secondary current thus flows through the first partial winding and then into the assigned first capacitance. Then it flows over the second partial winding and then into the assigned second capacitance. This continues until the last capacity. Each inductance and the associated capacitance are dimensioned such that the associated resonance frequency essentially corresponds to the center frequency. The circuit boards are particularly good suitable for making the connections between the partial windings and the capacitors in a simple and inexpensive manner. Each partial winding is a flat winding.

In further exemplary embodiments according to the invention, one of the capacitances or the capacitance is realized by connecting a plurality of capacitors in series and / or in parallel.

In further exemplary embodiments according to the invention, a U-shaped or a C-shaped or a differently shaped ferrite core can also be used instead of the essentially E-shaped coil core.

As in 2nd is shown, in further exemplary embodiments according to the invention the coil winding is produced from a flat strip, the flat strip comprising six stranded wires arranged next to one another. In addition, the flat ribbon is wound together with another flat ribbon, which likewise comprises six stranded wires arranged next to one another. The two flat strips are thus, so to speak, stacked on top of one another in such a way that after winding from the inside out, the two flat strips are provided in an alternating sequence.

In the 2a a section of a plant with an intersection is shown. At the intersection, four straight sections meet, each section consisting of two parallel, elongated primary conductors 22 , wherein a first is a forward conductor and a second is a return conductor.

The car with its transmitter head with housing 1 approaches the intersection in the direction shown.

In 2 B a turning of the car in the area of the intersection is shown. There is no significant reduction in the efficiency of contactless energy transmission compared to the efficiency on the sections of the route. Because during the turning even higher effective primary currents are effective in one half of the transmitter head, as in 3c is removable.

In 2c a departure from the intersection is shown in the indicated direction.

In 3a is the crossing with a lid 40 covered. In the 3b is the state of the intersection with the cover removed 40 evident. There is a can in the intersection 41 intended.

The cable routing is the 3c removable. The primary conductor leads 31 the current as an outgoing conductor in the first straight section of the route and passes in a left curve of 90 ° into the second straight section of the route, where it acts as a return conductor.

The primary conductors are analog 32 , 33 , 34 the current as an outgoing conductor in the second, third and fourth straight section and pass in a respective left curve of 90 ° into the corresponding straight section, where they each act as return conductors.

Seen from above how 3c shows, the current effectively flows as a circulating current within the intersection. In addition, the same current still flows as a square within the intersection.

Thus, a double primary current is provided during the rotation of the faster rotating half of the transmitter head. Because the current acting as the primary current seems to flow in both loops, namely the circular current loop and the rectangular loop. Thus, even if less current is assigned to the slowly rotating half of the transfer lever and is effectively effective, essentially the energy transfer can still be continued without a significant change in the efficiency.

For the production, a first groove and a groove running perpendicular thereto are provided in the bottom of the system. At the intersection thus created there will be a can 41 used after laying the primary line with a cover 40 is closed. Lid and box are made of plastic. In further exemplary embodiments according to the invention, the socket is designed such that guides are provided for the primary conductors to be inserted. This means that the laying of the primary lines can be carried out quickly, easily and with high accuracy. Since the box is round, it can be inserted very easily in the crossing, for example in such a way that the four corners of the crossing groove touch the box on its outer circumference.

In the 5a and 5b Another exemplary embodiment according to the invention is shown, in which, however, the can has a lower part 51 is replaced. This lower part is provided in the intersection. An associated lid 63 is in two different oblique views in the 4a and 4b shown. When the system is manufactured, the grooves of the respective routes are provided in the ground, for example milled. At the intersection of the two routes, there is a respective intersection. A blind hole is then drilled into the ground in the middle of the intersection. After that, the bottom part 51 inserted into the crossing, the tongues 54 are elastically deformable and thus a non-positive connection of the lower part 51 is reached with the edge of the blind hole. Then the primary conductors are inserted. Here are the Guide parts 53 can be used to form the primary conductor. The guide parts 53 are preferably shaped such that they make it possible to deflect the direction of the primary conductor by about 90 °. For this purpose, they are shaped round on their outer edge. On the lower part 51 are also recesses 52 intended for cable ties. Thus, the primary conductors can also be positively attached to the lower part 51 . The lid 63 is placed on the area of the intersection and adhesive with the guide parts 53 connected. Thus, when the cover is passed over, there is support on the guide parts 53 available. The forces that occur are also via the tabs resting on the floor 55 derived. The adhesive connection can advantageously be provided to prevent it from sliding sideways.

The guide parts are preferably 53 shaped round and shaped and arranged within a diameter that is smaller than the distance between the outgoing conductor and the return conductor of the same section of the route.

Another embodiment of the invention is in the 6 shown. There is a separate groove in the floor for the outgoing conductor and for the return conductor of two sections 60 milled in. The third section comprises a groove for an outgoing conductor and a return conductor. The conductors are each in a plastic profile 61 provided that is insulating and can be snapped into the floor. During assembly, the conductor is first inserted into the profile 61 inserted. Then the profile is inserted into the groove together with the conductor and snapped into the groove with the locking lugs of the profile.

In the intersection, a first blind hole with a large diameter and a further substantially concentric blind hole with a smaller diameter are provided.

The lower part can thus be inserted into this hole and lies with tabs 55 on the edge of the smaller hole. The primary ladder 62 , such as outgoing conductors or return conductors, are provided in separate grooves along the route. To connect electronic components, such as components to compensate for the path inductance, leads have to be led out of the area of the path by means of the groove 64 executed, the associated outgoing conductor and return conductor are laid in the normal direction of the ground at a vanishing distance. In an analogous way 6 a crossing of two routes can also be built. This then corresponds to the structure 3c .

Instead of decoupling a pair of lines for line compensation 6 or an intersection 3c further uses of the lower part in a bore can also be envisaged. For example, the lower part can also be used to end the route. The outgoing conductor coming from the section of the route is deflected by 180 ° on the guide part and, as the return conductor of the section, is led back to the beginning of the section parallel to the outgoing conductor.

As in 7 shown, expansion points for compensating thermal expansion within the primary conductor system are also easy and quick to produce. This is the outward leader 70 and the return conductor 71 a straight line past the lower part. In the case of thermal expansion, the blind hole is thus in the ground 60 there is a space to accommodate these expansions. The lid 63 is again provided to be driven over in the same way.

As in 8th shown, simple intersection areas are also easy and quick and easy to manufacture. This is the outward leader 32 and the return conductor 31 performed straight through the area of the blind hole past the lower part. The guide is also 33 and the return conductor 34 performed straight through the area of the blind hole past the lower part. However, there is a lower efficiency of the contactless power transmission if a passing vehicle with a transmitter head changes the direction of travel in the area of the intersection, i.e. performs a turn.

As in 9 shown, doubling of the primary lines are also easy and quick and easy to manufacture. In addition, the outgoing conductor coming from the route becomes 90 deflected by 180 ° on the lower part and parallel as a return conductor 90 returned to a second blind hole in the ground, in which another lower part is provided, on which this conductor 90 is again deflected by 180 ° and thus without a distance in the normal direction of the floor parallel to the outgoing conductor mentioned 90 as a leader 90 is misplaced. The return conductor 91 is, however, carried out essentially straight, in particular without the 180 ° deflections mentioned. It is thus possible to double the primary conductor in a section of the route between the first and second lower part. The transmitter head can therefore be provided for increased energy transmission. This means that increased power can be transferred, for example on a slope.

In a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention, the return conductor 91 analogous to the outgoing conductor 90 to 9 installed, i.e. with the two 180 ° deflection areas. In this way, there is even a path area between the two blind holes of effectively four times the primary current.

As in 10th shown, end areas of the primary conductor system are also easy and quick and easy to manufacture. There is a first route with the primary conductor 100 and a second stretch with the primary conductor 101 executed. The end of the respective route is through a 180 ° deflection on the guide part 53 executed. Thus, the outgoing conductor becomes 100 before redirecting the return line 100 after the redirection.

In a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention 11 is an intersection based on the principle of 3a to 3c executed, although not a box, but the lower part 51 is used, which is provided in the large blind hole, in the bottom of which there is another stepped, concentric small blind hole.

The invention thus also encompasses a system which is designed with a system of blind holes, which in each variant according to the 6 to 11 are executed. The primary conductor system is therefore laid by means of a system of connection points which are designed in several different variants - in accordance with the 6 to 11 . All connection points have in common that they include the offset blind hole, a lower part for this and a cover for this.

The same blind hole and the same bottom part can therefore be provided in different uses. The respective use is characterized by the number, type and direction of the grooves leading into the blind hole primary conductor and by the type of laying of the primary conductor within the respective blind hole, that is to say the connection point.

Reference symbol list

1

casing

5

Circuit board

6

Capacitors

7

poetry

8th

Housing plate

10th

Connecting cable

11

Ferrite plate

12

Ferrite part

13

Ferrite plate

14

Ferrite part

15

Ferrite plate

20th

Flat ribbon winding

21st

lateral ferrite plates

22

Primary line

31

Primary conductor

32

Primary conductor

33

Primary conductor

34

Primary conductor

40

cover

41

Can

51

Lower part

52

Cutout for cable ties

53

Guide part

54

Tongues

60

ground

61

Plastic profile

62

Primary conductors, such as forward or return conductors

63

cover

64

Groove

70

Ladder

71

Return line

90

Primary conductor

91

Primary conductor

100

Primary conductor

101

Primary conductor

Claims (30)

System for contactless energy transmission, comprising a primary conductor system and at least one device movably arranged along it with a transmitter head, the system comprising at least one crossing of at least two grooves (64) provided in the floor (60), in which the primary conductor system can be installed, in the area the crossing is provided with a lower part which is at least non-positively connected to the floor (60), a box (41) which can be releasably closed with a lid (40, 63) being inserted in the crossing and guide means for guiding the outgoing conductors (70) and return conductor (71) in the intersection, so that during the rotation of the faster rotating half of the transmitter head a double primary current is provided by the current effectively as a circulating current within the intersection and the same current still flows as a square within the intersection. Plant after Claim 1 , characterized in that the guide parts (53) are provided for deflecting the direction of a primary conductor (31, 32, 33, 34, 62, 90, 91, 100, 101) by approximately 90 °. System according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the non-positive connection is provided by elastic areas formed on the lower part. System according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grooves (64) are comprised of respective sections of the primary conductor system, each section comprising at least one section before the intersection and one section after the intersection, each section including an outgoing conductor (70) and comprises a return conductor (71) as a primary conductor system, each forward conductor (70) of a section of a first section is laid in the intersection in such a way that it is return conductor (71) of a section of another section. Installation according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the route section of the first route is a route section before the intersection and the route section of the other route is a route section after the intersection. System according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmitter head is provided such that it can be moved along an elongated primary conductor (31, 32, 33, 34, 62, 90, 91, 100, 101). System according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the primary conductors (31, 32, 33, 34, 62, 90, 91, 100, 101) have a distance from the coil core in the direction of the axis of the coil winding which is smaller than that Distance between two legs of the coil core to each other. System according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a section of the coil core is E-shaped in such a way that a middle leg and two outer legs are provided on back parts arranged in one plane. Transmitter head for a system for contactless energy transmission according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a coil winding comprises at least one ribbon cable which comprises at least two lines routed in parallel. Head after Claim 9 , characterized in that the coil winding is made of two or more ribbon cables, the ribbon cables being alternately arranged in a periodic order from the inside to the outside. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 10th , characterized in that the lines are stranded lines, the individual stranded wires are insulated from each other. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 11 , characterized in that each line is provided as a partial winding of the entire coil winding. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 12 , characterized in that the housing (1) of the transmitter head surrounds a secondary coil including its coil core and capacitors (6) for forming a capacitance electrically connected to the coil. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 13 , characterized in that at least one inductance and capacitance are provided as an oscillating circuit in the transmitter head, the resonance frequency essentially corresponding to the center frequency of the primary current. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 14 , characterized in that the housing (1) composed of housing parts is releasably connectable. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 15 , characterized in that the coil core is made of ferrite. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 16 , characterized in that one, two or more types of ferrite parts (12, 14) are used within the housing (1). Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 17th , characterized in that the transmitter head comprises an electrical connection to a consumer, which can be supplied with energy from the transmitter head. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 18th , characterized in that capacitors (6) are arranged on at least one printed circuit board (5), the conductor tracks of which are electrically connected to the secondary coil. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 19th , characterized in that the coil winding or coil windings surround the coil core and ferrite plates (11, 13, 15) are provided on the outer surface of the coil to reduce the stray field. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 20th , characterized in that the coil core is U-shaped, C-shaped or E-shaped. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 21st , characterized in that insulating bodies are provided between printed circuit boards (5) and / or coil core. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 22 , characterized in that the secondary coil is composed of partial windings, which are each designed with an associated capacitance as a series resonant circuit, the resonance frequency essentially corresponding to the center frequency of the primary current. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 23 , characterized in that the transmitter head comprises a series connection of the series resonant circuits, including partial winding and the associated capacitance. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 24th , characterized in that the coil winding is designed as a flat winding. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 25th , characterized in that the housing (1) is designed as a metal. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 26 , characterized in that potting compound is provided in the interior of the transmitter head. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 27th , characterized in that the coil winding comprises stranded flat ribbon, the individual stranded wires being insulated from one another. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 28 , characterized in that each sub-winding has an associated capacitance connected in series, which in turn is followed by another sub-winding in series, the sub-windings being arranged in close proximity. Transmitter head according to one of the Claims 9 to 29 , characterized in that each sub-winding has an associated capacitance connected in series, which in turn is followed by another sub-winding in series, the first sub-winding being assigned to a first ribbon cable and the other sub-winding being assigned to another ribbon cable.

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