DE102006010831A1 - Composite membrane, useful e.g. for filtration and as membrane reactor, comprises porous layer of hardened material and porous support structure, parts of which penetrate into the porous layer - Google Patents
Composite membrane, useful e.g. for filtration and as membrane reactor, comprises porous layer of hardened material and porous support structure, parts of which penetrate into the porous layer Download PDFInfo
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- DE102006010831A1 DE102006010831A1 DE102006010831A DE102006010831A DE102006010831A1 DE 102006010831 A1 DE102006010831 A1 DE 102006010831A1 DE 102006010831 A DE102006010831 A DE 102006010831A DE 102006010831 A DE102006010831 A DE 102006010831A DE 102006010831 A1 DE102006010831 A1 DE 102006010831A1
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OMOVVBIIQSXZSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [6-(4-acetyloxy-5,9a-dimethyl-2,7-dioxo-4,5a,6,9-tetrahydro-3h-pyrano[3,4-b]oxepin-5-yl)-5-formyloxy-3-(furan-3-yl)-3a-methyl-7-methylidene-1a,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydroindeno[1,7a-b]oxiren-4-yl] 2-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoate Chemical compound CC12C(OC(=O)C(O)C(C)CC)C(OC=O)C(C3(C)C(CC(=O)OC4(C)COC(=O)CC43)OC(C)=O)C(=C)C32OC3CC1C=1C=COC=1 OMOVVBIIQSXZSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960002050 hydrofluoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZHSKUOZOLHMKEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[5-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl]butanoic acid;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.ClCCN(CCCl)C1=CC=C2N(C)C(CCCC(O)=O)=NC2=C1 ZHSKUOZOLHMKEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011146 sterile filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/18—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/10—Filter screens essentially made of metal
- B01D39/12—Filter screens essentially made of metal of wire gauze; of knitted wire; of expanded metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0001—Making filtering elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0023—Organic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes
- B01D67/0032—Organic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by elimination of segments of the precursor, e.g. nucleation-track membranes, lithography or laser methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/1214—Chemically bonded layers, e.g. cross-linking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0471—Surface coating material
- B01D2239/0478—Surface coating material on a layer of the filter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
- B01D2239/0609—Knitted
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
- B01D2239/0613—Woven
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
- B01D2239/0618—Non-woven
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/08—Special characteristics of binders
- B01D2239/083—Binders between layers of the filter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
- B01D2239/1216—Pore size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
- B01D2239/1291—Other parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2275/00—Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D2275/30—Porosity of filtering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/15—Use of additives
- B01D2323/18—Pore-control agents or pore formers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verbundmembran zum Einsatz in Filtration, Ultrafiltration, Sterilfiltration, und anderen Verfahren zum Trennen oder Separieren, und zum Einsatz in Membranreaktoren sowie ein Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung.The Invention relates to a composite membrane for use in filtration, Ultrafiltration, sterile filtration, and other separation techniques or Separieren, and for use in membrane reactors and a method for its production.
Stand der Technik:was standing of the technique:
Poröse Membranen können durch Verweben, Verkleben, Versintern oder Verfilzen von Fasern, durch kontrollierte Fällung eines Feststoffes aus einer Lösung [K. H. Maier, E. A. Scheuermann, Kolloid-Z. 1960, 171, 122], mechanische Deformation/Verstrecken einer zunächst nicht porösen Folie [Barbe AM. Hogan PA. Johnson RA, J. Membr. Sci. 2000, 172, 149], selektives Herauslösen von Komponenten eines phasenseparierten Materials [Liu, Ding, Hashimoto, Kimishima, Winnik, Nigam Chem. Mater. 1999, 11, 2233-2240], Einbringen von Partikeln in eine Matrix und deren anschließendes Entfernen [S. H. Park, Y. N. Xia, Chem. Mater. 10, 1745 (1998)], Beschießen von Membranen mit Schwerionen und anschließendes Ätzen [Berndt, M. G. Siegmon R. Beaujean, W. Enge, Nuclear tracks and radiation Measurement 1983, 8, 5891/R. Spohr, "Ion tracks and microtechnology: principles & applications" Vieweg, Braunschweig, 1990], Anodische Oxidation von Metalloberflächen [R.C. Furneaux, W. R. Rigby, D. A. Davidson, Nature, 1989, 337, 1471], photolithographische Strukturierung einer homogenen Fläche [vanRijn, Veldhuis, Kuiper Nanotechnology 1998, 9, 343/Sharma, Johnson, Desai, Langmuir 2004, 20, 348] und Abformen einer entsprechend strukturierten Matrize [Vogelaar, Barsema, vanRijn, Nijdam, Wessling Adv. Mater. 2003, 15, 1385] hergestellt werden. Hierbei führen die erstgenannten Verfahren i.d.R. zu solchen Materialien in denen unregelmäßige Poren einen mehr oder minder verworrenen Pfad durch die Membran nehmen und zum Teil Sackgassen bilden, während die letztgenannten Verfahren zu solche Materialien führen, in denen die Poren aus Kanälen mit regelmäßigem Querschnitt aufgebaut sind und die Membran glatt durchqueren. Der erstgenannte Fall führt zu ei nem vergleichsweise hohen Strömungswiderstand, und zum Substanzverlust, da ein Teil des Filtrates in den Sackgassen gefangen wird. Von ganz besonderem Vorteil sind so genannte Mikrosiebe, in denen die Membrandicke unter der Porenweite liegt. In solchen Membranen sind der Strömungswiderstand und die Möglichkeiten einer ungünstigen Wechselwirkung zwischen Filtrationslösung und Membranmaterial minimiert.Porous membranes can by interweaving, gluing, sintering or felting fibers, by controlled precipitation a solid from a solution [K. H. Maier, E.A. Scheuermann, Colloid-Z. 1960, 171, 122], mechanical Deformation / stretching of an initially non-porous film [Barbe AT THE. Hogan PA. Johnson RA, J. Membr. Sci. 2000, 172, 149], selective leaching of components of a phase-separated material [Liu, Ding, Hashimoto, Kimishima, Winnik, Nigam Chem. Mater. 1999, 11, 2233-2240], introduction of particles in a matrix and their subsequent removal [p. H. Park, Y.N. Xia, Chem. Mater. 10, 1745 (1998)], Shooting of Membranes with heavy ions and subsequent etching [Berndt, M.G. Siegmon R. Beaujean, W. Enge, Nuclear tracks and radiation Measurement 1983, 8, 5891 / R. Spohr, "Ion tracks and microtechnology: principles & applications "Vieweg, Braunschweig, 1990], anodic Oxidation of metal surfaces [R.C. Furneaux, W.R. Rigby, D.A. Davidson, Nature, 1989, 337, 1471], photolithographic structuring of a homogeneous surface [vanRijn, Veldhuis, Kuiper Nanotechnology 1998, 9, 343 / Sharma, Johnson, Desai, Langmuir 2004, 20, 348] and molding a correspondingly structured matrix [Vogelaar, Barsema, vanRijn, Nijdam, Wessling Adv. 2003 15, 1385]. Here lead the first-mentioned method i.d.R. to such materials in which irregular pores one more or take less tangled path through the membrane and partly dead ends form while the latter methods lead to such materials, in those pores out of channels with regular cross section are constructed and traverse the membrane smoothly. The former Case leads to a comparatively high flow resistance, and to the loss of substance, because part of the filtrate gets trapped in the dead ends. Of very special Advantage are so-called micro sieves, in which the membrane thickness under the pore size is. In such membranes are the flow resistance and the possibilities an unfavorable interaction between filtration solution and membrane material minimized.
Ein
besonderes Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen siebartigen Membran
wurde in
Es stellte sich somit die Aufgabe eine poröse Schicht so zu erzeugen, dass sie eine innige Verbindung mit einer Stützstruktur eingeht, vorzugsweise auch den Konturen einer rauen Stützstruktur folgen kann und dabei immer noch eine einheitliche Porengröße und eine möglichst geringe Schichtdicke aufweist.It The task was to create a porous layer that it enters into an intimate connection with a support structure, preferably also the contours of a rough support structure can follow and still have a uniform pore size and a preferably has low layer thickness.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass eine Mischung aus Partikeln und einer aushärtbaren Flüssigkeit auf (in) eine Stützstruktur auf(ein)gebracht wird, die partiell mit einer weiteren Flüssigkeit, z.B. Wasser getränkt ist oder partiell mit einer weiteren Komponente gefüllt ist, die sich selektiv entfernen lässt, und dass das Aushärten der Flüssigkeit in Gegenwart der partiell gefüllten Stützstruktur erfolgt.According to the invention the object is achieved in that a mixture of particles and a curable liquid on (in) a support structure is brought to (a), which is partially impregnated with a further liquid, such as water or partially with another component is filled, which can be removed selectively, and that the curing of the liquid takes place in the presence of the partially filled support structure.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Membran in folgenden Schritten hergestellt:
- a) Herstellen einer Dispersion von Partikeln in einer aushärtbaren Flüssigkeit (Flüssigkeit-A), evtl. unter Zusatz weiterer Komponenten
- b) Auftragen der Dispersion auf eine poröse Stützstruktur (bestehend aus Feststoff-A), die partiell mit einer zweiten Flüssigkeit (Flüssigkeit-B) getränkt bzw. mit einer festen Substanz (Feststoff-B) auf eine solche Weise gefüllt oder beschichtet ist, dass Teile der Stützstruktur aus der Flüssigkeit-B bzw. dem Feststoff-B herausragen. Das Auftragen erfolgt vorzugsweise so, dass sich eine Schicht aus Partikeln ausbildet, in deren Zwischenräumen sich Flüssigkeit-A befindet. Hierzu werden u.U. die o.g. weiteren Komponenten entfernt.
- c) Aushärten der Flüssigkeit-A
- d) Entfernen der Flüssigkeit-B bzw. des Feststoffes-B
- e) Bildung von Poren durch Entfernen der Partikel.
- a) producing a dispersion of particles in a curable liquid (liquid-A), possibly with the addition of further components
- b) applying the dispersion to a porous support structure (consisting of solid A) partially soaked with a second liquid (liquid B) or filled or coated with a solid substance (solid B) in such a way that Parts of the support structure protrude from the liquid B or the solid B. The application is preferably carried out so that forms a layer of particles, in the interstices of liquid-A is. For this purpose, the above-mentioned other components may be removed.
- c) curing the liquid-A
- d) Removal of liquid B or solid B, respectively
- e) formation of pores by removing the particles.
Anstelle des Aufbringens einer Mischung, die Partikel und Flüssigkeit-A enthält, können Schritt a) und b) auch durch zwei zeitlich nacheinander erfolgende Applikationen der Partikel und der Flüssigkeit-A ersetzt werden. Diese beiden Applikationsschritte können auch in ihrer Reihenfolge vertauscht werden.Instead of applying a mixture containing particles and liquid-A contains can Step a) and b) by two consecutive times Applications of the particles and the liquid-A are replaced. These two application steps can also be in their order be reversed.
Schritte d) und e) können ebenfalls in der Reihenfolge vertauscht sein oder gleichzeitig ablaufen.steps d) and e) also be reversed in sequence or run at the same time.
Die Abmessungen der Poren bzw. Hohlräume der Stützstruktur sind wesentlich größer als die der Partikel. Erstaunlicherweise wurde gefunden, dass sich bei einem solchen Größenverhältnis die Dispersion bei dieser Vorgehensweise über die herausragenden Teilen der Stützstruktur und der dazwischen liegenden Flüssigkeit-B bzw. dem Feststoff-B verteilt. Die aus Flüssigkeit-B bzw. Feststoff-B herausragenden Teile der Stützstruktur können hierbei von der Mischung aus Flüssigkeit-A und Partikeln umschlossen oder bedeckt werden.The Dimensions of the pores or cavities the support structure are much larger than that of the particles. Surprisingly, it was found that at such a size ratio the dispersion in this approach about the outstanding parts of the support structure and the intermediate liquid-B or the solid-B distributed. The from liquid B or solid-B outstanding parts of the support structure can in this case of the mixture of liquid-A and particles are enclosed or covered.
Durch das Verfahren sind erstmals, großflächige, gut handhabbare Kompositfilter mit kleinen, in der Größe einstellbaren Poren, hoher Gleichmäßigkeit in der Porengröße, großer Porendichte und einer feinporigen Schicht mit einer Schichtdicke, die unterhalb des Porendurchmessers liegen kann, zugänglich.By the method is the first time, large area, easy to handle composite filters with small, resizable Pores, high uniformity in pore size, large pore density and a fine-pored layer having a layer thickness below of the pore diameter can be accessed.
Der besondere Vorteil des Verfahrens liegt darin, dass die Mischung aus Partikeln und Flüssigkeit-A sowohl vor, als auch nach der Aushärtung die Kontur der Stützstruktur nachzeichnet – selbst wenn die Stützstruktur eine raue oder komplexe Beschaffenheit aufweist. D.h. als Stützstrukturen können nicht nur glatte Substrate, wie Lochbleche oder -folien, sondern auch Gewirke, Gewebe, Vliese oder poröse Keramiken (z. B. Glasfritten) verwendet werden. Durch den intensiven flächigen Kontakt zwischen Membran und Stützstruktur entsteht ein fester, mechanisch belastbarer Verbund.Of the particular advantage of the method is that the mixture from particles and liquid-A both before and after curing, the contour of the support structure traced - even if the support structure has a rough or complex texture. That as support structures can not only smooth substrates, such as perforated sheets or foils, but also Knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, nonwovens or porous Ceramics (eg glass frits) can be used. By the intense flat Contact between membrane and support structure creates a solid, mechanically strong bond.
Ein weiterer Vorteil liegt darin, dass die Festigkeit dieses Verbundes noch weiter gesteigert werden kann, wenn die Stützstruktur mit funktionellen Gruppen beschichtet ist (z.B. durch vorhergehende Umsetzung mit 3-Trimethoxysilylpropylmethacrylat) oder niedermoleku lare Verbindungen in ihr gelöst sind (z.B. durch Behandlung mit einer Lösung eines Photoinitiators), die zu einer chemischen, vorzugsweise kovalenten Verbindung zwischen Stützstruktur und des aus Flüssigkeit-A gebildeten Feststoffes führen.One Another advantage is that the strength of this composite can be further increased if the support structure with functional groups coated (e.g., by prior reaction with 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate) or low molecular weight compounds are dissolved in it (e.g., by treatment with a solution a photoinitiator) which is a chemical, preferably covalent Connection between support structure and of liquid-A lead formed solid.
Anhand
von
Ausführungsbeispiel 1:embodiment 1:
Ein
Polyestervlies [Faserdurchmesser 15 μm,
- 11
- poröse Stützstrukturporous support structure
- 22
- Medium zum Füllen der Stützstruktur (z.B. Wasser)medium to fill the support structure (e.g., water)
- 33
- Partikelparticle
- 44
- aushärtbare Flüssigkeithardenable liquid
- 55
- ausgehärtete Flüssigkeithardened liquid
- 66
- Poröse Schicht, mit der Stützstruktur verbundenPorous layer, with the support structure connected
- AA
- teilweises Füllen der Stützstrukturpartial To fill the support structure
- BB
- Aufbringen einer Mischung aus Partikeln und aushärtbarer Flüssigkeitapply a mixture of particles and hardenable liquid
- CC
- Aushärten der FlüssigkeitCuring the liquid
- DD
- Entfernen der PartikelRemove the particle
Claims (35)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006010831A DE102006010831A1 (en) | 2006-03-07 | 2006-03-07 | Composite membrane, useful e.g. for filtration and as membrane reactor, comprises porous layer of hardened material and porous support structure, parts of which penetrate into the porous layer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102006010831A DE102006010831A1 (en) | 2006-03-07 | 2006-03-07 | Composite membrane, useful e.g. for filtration and as membrane reactor, comprises porous layer of hardened material and porous support structure, parts of which penetrate into the porous layer |
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DE102013022132A1 (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2015-06-25 | Hubert Koschinat | Telescopic support with spindle and its drive via ring gear with integrated thrust bearing for load support |
US9266066B2 (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2016-02-23 | Pall Corporation | Membrane with localized asymmetries |
US9302228B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2016-04-05 | Pall Corporation | Charged porous polymeric membrane with high void volume |
US9309126B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2016-04-12 | Pall Corporation | Rapidly dissolvable nanoparticles |
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US9610548B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2017-04-04 | Pall Corporation | Composite porous polymeric membrane with high void volume |
US9737860B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2017-08-22 | Pall Corporation | Hollow fiber membrane having hexagonal voids |
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2006
- 2006-03-07 DE DE102006010831A patent/DE102006010831A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (11)
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US9266066B2 (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2016-02-23 | Pall Corporation | Membrane with localized asymmetries |
US9808770B2 (en) | 2013-05-14 | 2017-11-07 | Pall Corporation | High throughput membrane with channels |
DE102013022132A1 (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2015-06-25 | Hubert Koschinat | Telescopic support with spindle and its drive via ring gear with integrated thrust bearing for load support |
US9302228B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2016-04-05 | Pall Corporation | Charged porous polymeric membrane with high void volume |
US9309126B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2016-04-12 | Pall Corporation | Rapidly dissolvable nanoparticles |
US9446355B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2016-09-20 | Pall Corporation | Porous polymeric membrane with high void volume |
US9561473B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2017-02-07 | Pall Corporation | Charged hollow fiber membrane having hexagonal voids |
US9610548B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2017-04-04 | Pall Corporation | Composite porous polymeric membrane with high void volume |
US9737860B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2017-08-22 | Pall Corporation | Hollow fiber membrane having hexagonal voids |
US9764292B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2017-09-19 | Pall Corporation | Porous polymeric membrane with high void volume |
US9776142B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2017-10-03 | Pall Corporation | Porous polymeric membrane with high void volume |
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