DE102006019586A1 - Asynchronous motor with inner rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

Asynchronous motor with inner rotor, in particular electric motor with asynchronous induction of the inner rotor. DOLLAR A It is formed of a magnetic stator (1), which is composed of a series of metal plates (3, 11) in a stator ring (9), a winding (40, 41), a rotor unit (13), a Shaft (17), bearings (20, 22) and some insulating elements (24) fit, which are adapted to the grooves (4). The insulating elements (24) insulate the magnetic stator core (1) of the winding (40, 41) and extend to the center of the motor to hold said bearings (20, 22). DOLLAR A makes it possible to facilitate the winding by winding from the outside and not exactly coinciding with windings or subsequent roles, so that an improvement in manufacturing times can be achieved. The weight decreases because less copper is needed by being diametrically wound windings. The signs for mounting the bearings to the insulations of the groove omitted and it is a unit obtained with smaller dimensions due to the removal of parts.

Description

The The present invention relates to an asynchronous motor with internal Rotor, in particular an electric motor with asynchronous induction of the inner rotor.

One Electric motor with asynchronous induction of the inner rotor includes typically a stator pack made up of a series of metal layers is set together, which in its central area a cylindrical surface have and in the interior of which some open grooves are provided, in which, separated by some insulating films, the winding is housed, which generates the magnetic rotating field of the motor.

On this stator has some protective devices or bars attached, be it directly or by means of a housing that surrounds the stator and connected to it. These guards or bars are in their central area provided with bearings to which the rotor associated with the shaft rotates due to the magnetic Rotating field and the rotor induced currents.

Of the Engine is usually over a housing or secured by means of said protective devices or webs and over the wave is the charge for actuation connected.

The However, motors of the type described have the disadvantage that They are not so easy to wrap, so the time to make unpleasantly high. In addition, due to the high number of co-operating parts a unit of high weight and large dimensions.

task The present invention is an asynchronous motor with internal To create rotor, with which achieve a very simplified design leaves.

The solution is done with an asynchronous motor with internal rotor with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are in the subclaims shown.

The present invention proposes a new arrangement of the constructive elements before, with which considerably simplifies the production of the unit. In this arrangement the stator core has some grooves that are intended to to take up the winding with the peculiarity of having an opening on their outer side is arranged for that Inserting the winding.

Corresponding A feature of the invention is the insulation between the stator core and the stator winding for generating the rotating magnetic field accomplished with an insulating element that consists of two parts of an electric insulating material with suitable mechanical properties is formed. These two parts interlock with each other, taking them cover the entire interior of the groove of the stator and in addition the flat metallic surfaces from each of the two outer bases of the stator pack.

The allow said insulating parts of the engine according to the invention it to hold bearings on which rotates a shaft connected with the stator, due to the effect of the rotating magnetic field and the currents induced on the rotor.

The in the insulated grooves recorded winding is the insulating Press parts onto the stator and fully tighten the unit hold. The bearings holding the shaft connected to the rotor and are housed in the insulating parts, that the stator remains mounted concentrically to the rotor.

The Stator unit also includes a magnetic package of metal fins in the form of a circular Wreath. This wreath is in the outer circumference with the stator Winding fitted so that the engine is complete. The purpose of the wreath is to close the magnetic field without losing power and also to give strength to the unit.

The Two parts of the insulating element can be used as elements for attachment be provided of the engine, as well as recesses for housing of connections to facilitate the connection of the enameled wire of the winding with the supply cables.

Corresponding Another aspect of the invention are recesses in the insulating element formed, which are intended to receive connections to the electrical Make contact between the winding and these terminals, these simultaneously with an outer cable can be connected.

Preferably are hollow columns, which are formed in the insulating member, provided, respectively Pick up screws to fix the motor.

As a possibility, a cover or an outer housing is provided on the motor, which is intended to contribute to a substantial protection. This housing is mounted on the rim outside the stator and has two half-bodies, which fit on the outer circumference of said stator ring and receive the motor inside it. These half-bodies comprise sliding openings to allow the exit of said shaft of the motor, such as openings in the planar surface for mounting the motor and access openings for connecting cables to said terminals.

With The electric motor of the present invention is the winding facilitated by being wound from the outside and not exactly coincidental from windings or subsequent roles, thus resulting in a substantial improvement the production time is obtained. In addition, the weight is reduced the unit clearly because there is less copper weight, as it is Windings are actually with opposite course. The engine has a smaller number of parts because the guards or stay away webs to attach the bearings to the slot insulation. After all It should be emphasized that you get a unit with very reduced dimensions due to the removal of parts.

The Features and advantages of the electric motor of the present invention will be more apparent from the detailed description of a preferred embodiment. This description is not hereafter from here with reference to a restrictive Example given with reference to the drawings.

In this drawings is

1 a top view of an embodiment of an electric motor according to the invention shown without outer housing and without winding,

2 a side view of the embodiment of the electric motor according to the invention shown without outer casing and without winding,

3 a sectional view along the plane AA 'of 1 the motor without outer casing and without winding,

4 a perspective view of the embodiment of the motor shown without outer housing,

5 a perspective view of the motor without the winding and without the outer housing,

6 a perspective and disassembled view of the design of the motor without the winding and without the outer housing,

7 a perspective, detailed view of the motor from the opposite side of the actuator with the outer housing,

8th a perspective, detailed view of the motor from the side of the operation with the outer housing,

9 a perspective view of the stator with the rotor in its interior and with only one winding.

According to a first embodiment, in which the motor is shown as an open configuration without an outer housing, the stator is 1 assembled into a unit of metal lamellae, which has a set of teeth 5 has, which themselves with each other over the webs 6 unite. The teeth have widenings at their outer end 7 on that in recesses 8th intervene in the wreath package 9 are formed.

On the surface of said teeth 5 and arranged so that the Foucault losses are maximally reduced are packet elements 2 provided by means of which is achieved to hold the various metal fins together.

Between two following teeth 5 lies a room or a groove 4 in which the winding is received.

The stator package 1 has an inner, cylindrical surface 10 on and inside it rotates the rotor.

Unlike the outer fins 3 have the middle lamellae 11 not the continuous bridge 6 on, so the stator pack 1 groove 12 has such dimen sions that the desired pair-speed characteristics are obtained.

The rotor 13 as well as the stator include lined up metal lamellae. These metal fins are provided with a series of internal grooves with an opening 14 in the outer cylindrical surface 15 , The openings provide a helical arrangement to share a softer effect.

The rotor unit 13 has two shorting rings at its bases 16 which communicate with each other via the grooves, usually injected as a conductive alloy, which may be aluminum or copper, and which forms the so-called squirrel cage.

The rotor 13 includes integrally with itself a wave 17 on top, which has a circular groove 18 includes, in which a retaining ring 19 located. This retaining ring serves as a buffer for a bearing 20 that on the said wave 17 is set and adjusts to a central opening 21 of the camp 20 , A second camp 22 is provided, also on the said wave 17 is set. This second camp 22 relies on a spring 23 pressed together between the base of the rotor and said bearing 22 , This makes it possible to compensate for the small deviations that occur in the nominal dimensions of the stator packs 1 and the rotor 13 of the engine can occur.

An insulating element is provided 24 which is made of two plastic pieces. This insulating element 24 has a flat surface 25 whose outer circumference is the same as that of the stator pack. On its entire circumference, except at the ends and perpendicular to it, a wall protrudes 26 showing the lateral walls of the teeth 5 and the jetty 6 covered, that is, the grooves 4 of the stator pack 1 covered.

In each of the rooms, each one of the grooves 4 Correspond and perpendicular to the wall 25 , the wall lengthens 26 cylindrical, with a closing wall 28 with an outer profile that forms with the inner surface 27 of the wreath package 9 matches. This closing wall 28 that from the wall 26 sticks out a tooth 5 covered, does not reach the next tooth, leaving a groove opening 29 remains, which allows to introduce the line to form the winding of the stator.

In the central area of the surface 25 a conical area rises 30 in a level area 31 ends, which is parallel to the plane area 25 , This makes it possible to give space for shorting rings 16 of the rotor 13 and to leave free space for the turn.

In the center of the area 31 and perpendicular to this is a cylindrical wall 32 provided, the inner region is adapted to the outer cylindrical surface of said bearing 20 . 22 that stay closed with a flat surface 33 against which the flat area of the base of the bearings 20 . 22 supported by the elastic force of the spring 23 is pressed.

In the center of the surface 33 is an opening 34 provided the passage of the shaft 17 allows. From the surface 25 and in the area that covers the teeth, four hollow pillars protrude 60 showing in which the ends of the windings and a connection 42 are housed. Of two of the four remaining areas that remain opposite from the teeth, two cylinders protrude 35 protruding with a height that is slightly larger than the one in which the plane is 33 is arranged. These cylinders 35 are with a central opening 36 which is intended to receive self-tapping screws with the aim of securing the engine.

Perpendicular to the surface 25 protrude walls 38 on, with a curved edge 61 which ends exactly where the groove 29 begins and which serves to insert the enameled wire into the groove 4 to lead during the winding.

In the assembled state, the walls fit 26 the two parts of the insulating element 24 completely to the side edge 61 the grooves 4 of the stator 1 on while the inner part of the wall 25 on the frontal, even surface of the teeth 5 of the stator pack 1 supported. The entire cover of the side surface 37 the grooves 4 splits up between the two walls 26 the two parts of the insulating element 24 ,

Between the two parts of the insulating element 24 is a warehouse 22 arranged, the jetty 23 that with the wave 17 one-piece rotor 13 on which the retaining ring 19 is mounted and the other camp 20 so that the rotor 13 completely centered axially remains to the stator 1 and the outer surfaces of the rotor 14 and the inside of the stator 10 coaxial.

In the 9 For example, an example of an embodiment of a unit is shown as it has been described, which is illustrated with a winding 40 which is made of four that she has to wear.

The windings in this case correspond to an asynchronous motor with two poles and two phases for single-phase supply with permanent capacitor. The windings are directly on the unit of the previously described 9 wound, with the wire through the openings 29 It leads to the grooves 4 of the stator pack 1 insert, suitably isolated from the insulating element 24 , In the mentioned winding are the windings 40 interconnected and form the main or working phase, while the two windings 41 which are also interconnected, forming the auxiliary or starting phase. Each of the ends of the enameled wire of each of the phases is at the corresponding aperture 59 the column 60 directed, so that with a connection 42 the electrical contact between the wire and the terminal forms, which will also allow an outer cable connects through its connection to the network. This connection 42 is a connection of the type commonly used to effect the electrical connection with a beaded wire via the system known for suspending the insulation.

With the arrangement of the described winding a good mechanical stiffness of the one In addition to lower ohmic resistance, lighter wire weight, better coupling of the magnetic fields of the main, auxiliary and rotor phases is achieved. The invention enables improved efficiency.

The unit of the already wound stator becomes the wreath package 9 used, with the projections 7 of the stator pack 1 be reconciled with the grooves 8th of the wreath package 9 that match and form a unit in the shape of a dovetail, so that the metal lamellae of the stator pack are completely exposed to the mechanical stresses resulting from the magnetic field.

The embodiment described above corresponds to a motor in its open version or without an outer housing having fasteners consisting of the columns 35 with her mouth 36 , the wave 17 to which the charge is applied are formed and elements connecting to the electrical network connecting the terminals 42 make possible.

The Embodiment of the motor with outer housing, the is described below, is directed to cases in which a better protection of the engine desired is protected against the ingress of foreign bodies and water, as well as the protection of persons from electric shocks.

In such a case, the motor described above is adapted to a cover or an outer casing formed of two parts or half-bodies. In particular, said housing comprises a front half body 43 and a rear half body 44 , The front half body 43 consists of a cylindrical wall 45 , which overlap in their lower area with the outer surface 46 of the wreath package 9 which, once inserted, extends to the middle of the package.

At the other end of the wall 45 and at the end it extends to a flat wall or base 47 which has an opening in its central area 48 through which the shaft passes 17 the engine can go outside. In the said base 47 are also two openings 49 provided in the form of a tube 50 extending into the interior, which receive the self-tapping screws for the attachment of the engine.

The rear half body 44 of the housing is similar to the front half body 43 , Both half bodies differ in that instead of an opening 48 for the passage of the shaft, four rectangular openings 51 are provided through which access is obtained from the outside to the terminals 42 , This makes it possible to connect the motor to the electrical mains.

When mounting this protective housing over the surface 46 of the wreath package 9 stay the right-angled openings 51 completely aligned with the recesses 59 the columns 60 that the connections 42 record while the outer edge 52 rear protection 44 makes a stop with the same outer edge 52 the front guard 43 , Having described sufficiently what the electric motor of the present invention is made in accordance with the accompanying drawings, it will be understood that any minor change which is believed to be advantageous may be introduced therein as and when the essential characteristics of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying drawings the following claims are summarized, should not be changed.

Claims (4)

Asynchronous motor with inner rotor, which is formed by a magnetic stator core ( 1 ), which consists of a row of metal fins ( 3 . 11 ) placed in a stator ring ( 9 ), a winding ( 40 . 41 ), a rotor unit ( 13 ), a wave ( 17 ), Camp ( 20 . 22 ) and some insulating elements ( 24 ) that fit the grooves 4 adapted, characterized in that said insulating elements ( 24 ) the magnetic stator core ( 1 ) of the winding ( 40 . 41 ) and extend to the center of the engine to 20 . 22 ) to keep. Engine according to claim 1, characterized in that some recesses ( 60 ) provided in said insulating element ( 24 ), which are intended for connection ( 42 ) to establish the electrical contact between the winding ( 40 . 41 ) and these connections ( 42 ), which can also be connected to an external cable. Motor according to claim 1, characterized in that some hollow columns ( 35 ) provided in said insulating element ( 24 ) are formed, each receiving screws for mounting the motor. Engine according to claim 1, characterized in that an outer cover is provided, the two half-bodies ( 43 . 44 ) facing the outer surface of the wreath package ( 9 ), enclosing the motor in its interior, and housing at least one opening ( 48 ) has for the passage of the shaft ( 17 ) of the engine and openings ( 49 ) in its surface for mounting the motor and openings ( 51 ) for access from sen.