DE10134772A1 - Electronic calendar with mechanical drive has continuous display and synchronization - Google Patents

Abstract

An electronic calendar has day (10), date (12) and month (14) fingers over day (11), date (13) and month (15) scales with a position sensor and single drive mechanism synchronized with a time signal so that the time can be read within the day segments.

Description

The invention relates to an analog display equipped with an electronic control Calendar with automatic update of the display, the combination of such Calendar with an analog clock and a method for manual time programming of the Control of such a calendar.

Furthermore, the invention relates to 2 solutions to the task of permanently displaying the day of the week and a permanent display of the day of the month of a calendar from only one electric drive to be driven.

In contrast to a digital display, an analog time display shows the periodicity of the passage of time again. A mechanical display device has advantages over an LCD display readability. The contrast is better and independent of the angle.

Mechanically displaying calendars that are updated automatically are not used. State of the art, however, are mechanically indicating calendar clocks that display at least one of the calendar parameters weekday, month day and month. These calendar clocks can be classified as follows and have the following disadvantages.

• 1. Purely mechanical calendar clocks or those driven by a quartz, a frequency divider, a driver and a stepper motor, the time information of which is stored in a transmission. Disadvantage If such a calendar watch has a mechanical energy store, its running time is relatively short. Synchronization with a time signal (e.g. by receiving the DCF77 transmitter) is not possible.
  • 1.1.1. There is a variant of these clocks whose month day display must be manually corrected when changing a month with less than 31 days.
    Disadvantage: The number of days of the month depending on the month and year is not taken into account and must be corrected manually.
  • 2. 1.2. There is another variant of these clocks that automatically corrects the month's day display when changing a month with less than 31 days. For this purpose, it has a complex mechanical feedback between the components that store the months and possibly the years to the mechanics that store the days of the month.
    Disadvantage: The mechanical feedback is complex and expensive.
• 2. Electrically driven calendar clocks, the time information of which is stored in registers of an electronic control system (e.g. radio clocks showing pointers). Since the time register also stores the day of the month, the month and possibly the year, the controller can exclude non-existent days of the month from months with less than 31 days, mechanical feedback is not required.
  If these watches have a mechanical display device, the hands are driven by the control system via one or two stepper motors and one or two gears. The position of the hands of these clocks must match the time in the time registers. The controller realizes this by driving the stepper motor or stepper motors until agreement is reached.
  Such watches are often equipped with a stepper motor that drives the time of day display. However, the calender parameters are displayed digitally on an LCD display.
  Disadvantage: These watches have no mechanical display device for the date and the day of the week
  Then there are variants of such clocks that display the time of day with a stepper motor and another display with a second stepper motor, which, for. B. indicates the day of the month or the seconds. By operating actions, such as pressing a button, the pointer driven by the second stepper motor briefly shows other parameters such as the day of the week, day of the month or month.
  Disadvantage: The calendar parameters weekday, month day and month are not displayed permanently.
  It may seem obvious at first for such a calendar clock with 2 stepper motors to let a stepper motor SM1 drive the time of day and day of the week and a stepper motor SM2 to drive the day of the month and month. Because the stepper motor SM2 directly drives the day of the month, non-existent days of the month can be quickly overrun (e.g. a February 30th).
  If the stepper motor SM1 drives a second, minute, hour and day of the week hand, there is a total transmission ratio of 60.60.12.2.7 = 604800 between the stepper motor SM1 and the day of the week. In order to rotate the weekday hand by 360 °, the stepper motor SM1 would have to run 604800 steps.
  A total gear ratio of 31.12 = 372 results between the stepper motor SM2 and the month hand.
  If the day of the week hand is very far from its target position after commissioning, the controller must let the stepper motor SM1 run a large number of steps in order to bring the day of the week pointer into its target position. Assuming that the stepper motors can only be moved in one direction, in extreme cases 604799 steps from the stepper motor SM1 would be necessary to bring the second, minute, hour and weekday hands into the correct position. With a maximum stepping motor speed of 20 steps per second, this would take 8 hours and 24 minutes. This time is of course much too long. Therefore, such a clock is practically not feasible. Using a 3rd stepper motor for the day of the week hand alone would be complex and would also create space problems in the clockwork.
• 3. Clocks that are equipped with a quartz, a frequency divider, a driver and a stepper motor and drive a second, minute, hour and weekday hand via a gear. The gearbox is equipped with a 24-hour switch that closes every 24 hours. The day of the month, month and possibly the year are stored in registers of a controller. A controller that queries the 24-hour switch and the time register drives a day and month hand via a second stepper motor.
  Disadvantage: An additional 24-hour counter is necessary. Synchronization with a time signal is not possible.

The object of the invention is to provide an analog-displaying, self-updating calendar with mechanical display device which does not have the disadvantages of the calendar displays of the listed calendars and which therefore

• - permanently display the day of the week, day of the month and month with a mechanical display device provides
• - The different number of days in the month for years with 365 days, possibly also for leap years considered
• - synchronization with a time signal, e.g. B. allowed by receiving the DCF77 transmitter
• - enables long terms.

Furthermore, the calendar should be characterized by a simple structure, so that it is inexpensive can be mass-produced. The manufacturing effort for the calendar should be approximately correspond to that of a mechanically indicating quartz or radio clock without date display.

According to the invention, this object is achieved with the first claim.

Fig. 1 shows the block circuit diagram of a variant of such a calendar. The modules electronic control ( 1 ), time standard ( 7 ), drive (s) ( 2 ), transmission ( 3 ), transmission status detection ( 4 ), time receiver ( 6 ) are part of the calendar work. The blocks electronic control ( 1 ), power supply ( 8 ), time standard ( 7 ), drive (s) ( 2 ), gear ( 3 ) and display ( 5 ) can be found in every variant of the calendar.

Compared to a calendar clock, the following advantages of the calendar result from the elimination of the time of day display.

• - A large, easy-to-read calendar display is possible on the dial because the calendars are display does not have to share the space with a time of day display.
• - The minute, hour and second displays and the ones that drive them Gear stages are eliminated.
• - Compared to an electrically powered clock, the calendar has to be updated much less frequently be, so that there is considerable power savings. The duration of a calendar can take many years without changing the battery.

The following advantages result from rotating the pointers around a common center point and the concentric scale arrangement.

• 1. A large pointer length and a large scale diameter can be realized on the dial, which enables large, easy-to-read displays.
  The calendar is preferably implemented as a wall calendar. If the pointers were not arranged concentrically, the shafts or pipes protruding from the calendar mechanism would have to be arranged at a large distance from one another in order to allow pointer lengths that are acceptable for a wall calendar. However, this would require a correspondingly large calendar movement and gear wheels with a large diameter.
• 2. The calendar movement can be produced in dimensions standardized for quartz clockworks ( FIGS. 5a-5c) and thus be installed in any table or wall clock housing ( FIGS. 6a, 6b) for such standardized clockworks. Such standardized clockworks ( Fig. 5a to 5c) are characterized by a length and width of 56 mm each and a hole in the center of the housing through which a shaft and two tubes for attaching the hands are guided.
• 3. The control must know the pointer and gear positions. It is advantageous if you can determine the gearbox positions yourself, because then the commissioning of the calendar is simplified. An advantageous variant is that the gears connected to the pointers are coded, are illuminated by a light barrier and the control drives the gears and thus also the pointers until it can conclude the pointer positions from the pulses received by the receiver of the light barrier.
  Because the pointers of the calendar rotate around a common center, the gear wheels driving the pointer also rotate about a common center, are arranged one above the other and overlap (see weekday wheel ( 28 ), day wheel ( 32 ) and month wheel ( 35 ) in FIG. 8b). It is therefore possible to X-ray all 3 gear wheels that drive the pointer through a common light barrier.
• 4. If the day of the week scale ( 11 ) is on the outside, the day of the week pointer ( 10 ) points above or to all 3 scales ( Fig. 2). In a manual method for time programming described later, the parameter values to be selected for each parameter can be visualized on the weekly, daily, monthly or monthly scale by means of the weekday pointer ( 10 ).

As will be described later, the effort for a radio wall calendar (calendar that is going through Reception of a time signal, e.g. B. reception of the DCF77 transmitter synchronized), not larger than the open wall for a radio wall clock with mechanical display device.

Identical microcontroller controls can be used for the radio wall calendar and the radio wall clock be used that are only operated with different software. The gear ratios the gears differ slightly (with less favorable ratios for the calendar the gears can even be the same), but the same drives (stepper motors) can be used become. The clockwork and the calendar movement can be installed in housings with identical dimensions become. This watch or calendar movement case can then be used in the same watch case become. Only the dials of the clock and the calendar differ. A manufacturer of Funkuh ren can therefore also produce a radio calendar with minimal additional effort.  

Is the calendar not by a time signal z. B. synchronized by receiving the DCF77 time transmitter, the time can be programmed using an uncomplicated manual programming procedure. This The procedure is still to be described.

In principle, it is also possible to implement a calendar with the following variation of the features of claim 1:

• - The day of the week, month and month need not be around a common center rotate, the associated scales do not have to be arranged concentrically to each other
• - Instead of realizing the day of the week, day of the month and month by rotating pointers and scales other mechanical display elements are possible, e.g. B. one with numbers tied, all-round window in connection with a fixed window.

The electronic control of the calendar is advantageously implemented as a microcontroller control. The Clock generator of the microcontroller is stabilized by a quartz. The time and gear status registers are part of the working memory of the microcontroller.

The calendar, in conjunction with an external clock showing the time of day, is supposed to be the complete one Time information of a year from the month down to the second can be represented in analog form. There conventional clocks that display the time of day in analogue form only an hour scale with a 12-hour Having a dial and thus not allowing a distinction between the half of the day should be a preferred one Embodiment of the calendar still allow this distinction. This will be without one additional pointer realizes that each weekday segment of the weekday scale in time is further divided. In conjunction with a multi-step hike through the weekday segment By means of the weekday pointer, the control drives the weekday pointer so that for each weekday Sections of the day are displayed.

Furthermore, there is a sensible subdivision of the rather large weekday segments.

A day section can be separated on the weekday scale from the preceding and the following day section by boundary lines and labeled with the time of the day section (e.g. 6-12 a.m.). In particular, if a day is divided into many day segments (e.g. 12 day segments of 2 hours) and the step size of the day of the week pointer is therefore small, only individual times in a day segment of the week can be marked (see Fig. 2). The reader of the calender must be aware, however, that the time of a day segment is not shown exactly, but the time.

Can z. B. the day of the week hand by the controller during a 12-step walk through Weekday segments in the positions 0:00, 2:00. , , 10 p.m., so each of these Positions a day section of 2 hours is displayed, e.g. B. in the 2 o'clock position the day section of 2.00.00 to 3.59.59.

However, it would also be conceivable to place the day of the week hand on the associated shaft in such a way that it moves in the 1 o'clock, 3 o'clock positions during a 12-step movement through a day of the week. , , 11 p.m. comes to a standstill. The controller would then have to drive the day of the week hand so that it z. B. in the 3 o'clock position indicates the day segment from 2:00 to 3:59:59.

The ( Fig. 2) shows the display ( 5 ) of a calendar, consisting of a weekday pointer ( 10 ) with a weekday scale ( 11 ), a day indicator ( 12 ) with a month scale ( 13 ) and a month pointer ( 14 ), which interacts with a monthly scale ( 15 ), the 3 scales being arranged on a dial ( 9 ). Each segment of the weekday scale ( 11 ) is labeled with the weekday and three times of the day (6, 12 and 6 p.m.). The delimitation between the weekday segments indirectly indicates the time 0 or 24 o'clock.

It would be conceivable to implement a variant of the calendar according to claim 1 by an electrical one Driven by a gearbox the day of the week hand and a second electric drive by a second Gearbox drives the month hand and the month hand. Because the second drive directly Month hand, non-existent days of the month can be quickly overrun (e.g. a 30th February).

It is desirable to save one drive and to equip the calendar with only one drive. A variant in which a drive with a ratio of 7 to 1 with the day of the week and over a ratio of 31 to 1 is coupled to the month hand, with the drive to each Taking a step forward every day would not work. Because when a change of the month of a month with less than 31 days, the month hand would be the wrong day of the month Show. However, the drive would be taken several steps to remove the nonexistent ones Overflowing days of the month, the displayed day of the week would no longer be correct.

Another object of the invention is therefore, in particular for a calendar according to claim 1 create a connection between the day of the week and the day of the month, so that this Ads can be powered by just one electric drive.

This task was solved several times.

According to the invention, this object is achieved with the fourth claim.

For better understanding, a mechanical display device realized with the fourth claim is intended tion are described.

FIGS. 3a to 3c. Set the drive, the gearbox and the weekday and Monatstaganzeige of mechanical display device represents the rotor (16) of the drive turns per step the actuator 180 °, so that the day hand (18) with each step the drive is switched one day of the week.

FIGS. 4a and 4b show the mechanical display device of Fig. 3a to 3c, supplemented by components of the month display. FIGS. 4a and 4b show the drive, the gearbox and the weekday Monatstag- and month constitutes a calendar according to claim 5.

As can be seen from FIGS . 3a and 3c, the day of the month hand ( 22 ) is advanced by a day of the month when the day of the week hand ( 18 ) moves from Sunday to Monday. As can be seen from ( Fig. 3b), the month hand ( 22 ) stops when the day hand ( 18 ) moves from Monday to Sunday.

Is the weekday hand ( 18 ) z. B. on a Monday and the day of the month ( 22 ) on a 1st day of the month, it would not be sufficient if the control only moves the drive forward one step. Then the day of the week hand ( 18 ) would change to a Tuesday, but the day of the month hand ( 22 ) would still be on the 1st day of the month. The control must have the drive sounded 8 steps in order to set the day of the week hand ( 18 ) to a Tuesday and the day of the month hand ( 22 ) to the 2nd day of the month (see Fig. 4a). The controller is also able to do this, because it calculates the target position of the pointers taking into account the time in the time registers, the gear ratio and the assignment of the gear positions to the parameter values shown on the scales.

If one or more days of the month have to be overrun if a month changes with less than 31 days, the control drives the drive a correspondingly larger number of steps. Is z. B. on a Wednesday, April 30, the day of the week pointer ( 18 ) on Wednesday, the day of the month pointer ( 22 ) on the day of the 30th month, and the month hand ( 25 ) on April, and a change of day takes place on Thursday, May 1, so the control drives the drive 15 steps, the day of the week pointer ( 18 ) being set to Thursday, the day of the month pointer ( 22 ) being set to the first day of the month and the month pointer ( 25 ) being set to May (see FIG. 4b).

The gears and displays are shown exploded in the drawings. On a calendar according to claim 1, the pointers and the wheels driving the pointers rotate about a common one The center and the scales are arranged concentrically. Under or above the gears shown the gear ratios i of the individual gear stages are given (i = speed of the driving gear Wheel / speed of the driven wheel).

In general, the weekday and month display of a device according to claim 4 both as a pointer display and in other ways, such as through a disk labeled with numbers in a fixed window and the arrangement of the display elements can be any.

The device according to claim 4 can also be advantageous in a calendar watch with mechanical display device whose time information is stored in the registers of an electronic control, for. B. a radio clock can be applied.

At first, it may seem sensible to change the time of day and day of a stepper motor SM1 Day of the week display and from a stepper motor SM2 drive the day and month display to let. Because the SM2 stepper motor drives the day of the month directly, nonexistent ones can Month days are quickly overrun (e.g. a February 30th).

If the stepper motor SM1 drives a second, minute, hour and weekday hand, results there is a total gear ratio of 60.60.12.2.7 = 604800 between the stepper motor SM1 and the day of the week hand. In order to turn the weekday hand by 360 °, the stepper motor SM1 would have to 604800 steps run.  

There is an overall gear ratio between the stepper motor SM2 and the month hand from 31.12 = 372.

If the day of the week hand is very far from its target position after commissioning, the electronic control, the stepper motor SM1 run a large number of steps around the Bring weekday pointer into its target position. Assuming that the stepper motors only Moving in one direction would require 604799 steps from the stepper motor SM1 in extreme cases dig to put the second, minute, hour and weekday hands in the correct position. At a maximum step speed of the stepper motors of 20 steps per second would this will take 8 hours and 24 minutes.

The setting of the day of the month and month by means of the stepper motor SM2 would be necessary at 371 at maximum steps take about 19 s.

But are the seconds, minutes and hours of the stepper motor SM1 and with each other the mechanically coupled weekday, month and month display from the stepper motor SM2 driven, the maximum number of steps for setting the time of day would be 60.60.12-1 = 43199 Steps and a maximum number of steps for setting the day of the week and the date from 7.31.12-1 = 2603 Steps. At a maximum step speed of each step motor of 20 steps per second this would result in a maximum setting time of 36 minutes for setting the time of day and a little more than 2 minutes for the date setting. This significantly reduces the response time for the stepper motor SM1 and a better distribution of the response times.

In FIGS. 3a and 3c is the switching angle of the week wheel (17) or the ratchet wheel (19) when changing day of the week from Sunday to Monday, wherein the Monatstagzeiger (22) weiterge on is 360 ° / 7 = 51.4 °. However, if day segments are also shown on the weekday scale, the switching angle for advancing the day wheel ( 21 ) becomes smaller. Are z. For example, on a weekday, 12 day segments of 2 hours each are displayed, the month hand ( 22 ) would have to be switched from Sunday 10 p.m. to Monday 0 a.m. when the weekday hand ( 18 ) changes. The switching angle would then only be 360 ° / (7.12) = 4.3 °. This switching angle is too small to switch the day wheel ( 21 ) directly through the switching pin ( 20 ) attached to the switching wheel ( 19 ). A forwarding of the monthly day wheel ( 21 ) with this small switching angle would, however, by known quick-switching devices used in watches z. B. for switching the date or for realizing a jumping minute counter in chronographs. However, these rapid switching devices require a relatively complex mechanism.

If the weekday wheel does not drive the idler gear as in FIGS . 3a to 3c, 5a and 5b via a 1 to 1 gear ratio, but via a larger gear ratio, the weekday gear can rotate through 360 ° once without the shift pin of the ratchet wheel engages in the gearing of the monthly day wheel and moves it on. The angle of rotation range of the ratchet wheel between the position of the ratchet wheel after the weekday wheel has rotated to the position of the ratchet wheel after its rotation can then be used to advance the monthly day wheel.

Figs. 9a to 9c show a working according to this principle transmission part of a calendar. A weekday wheel ( 28 ), which is connected to a weekday pointer ( 29 ), is driven in such a way that 12 day segments of 2 hours each are displayed on each weekday. The weekday wheel drives a switching wheel ( 30 ) equipped with a switching pin ( 31 ) via a transmission with a transmission ratio of 8 to 7.

During a rotation of the weekday wheel by 1/7 of 360 °, in which the weekday hand ( 29 ) is advanced by a weekday, the switching wheel thus rotates by an angle of (1/7). (7/8) .360 ° = 1 / 8,360 ° = 45 °. While running through this angular range, the switching pin ( 31 ) of the switching wheel ( 30 ) engages in the toothing of a day wheel ( 32 ) equipped with 31 teeth and pushes it around a tooth and thus a day of the month connected to the day wheel ( 32 ) ( 34 ) by one month day (see Fig. 9a). The range of this 45 ° switching angle of the switching wheel ( 30 ) must not be used for display, the control must ensure that it is run through quickly. Since the switching angle of the switching wheel ( 30 ) is run through with several steps of the stepping motor, the additional load on the stepping motor is relatively small.

If the weekday wheel ( 28 ) is now rotated through 360 °, the switching wheel ( 30 ) rotates through an angle of 1. (7/8) .360 ° = 315 °, during which rotation of the switching wheel ( 30 ) there is no intervention by the Switching pin ( 31 ) takes place in the toothing of the day wheel ( 32 ) and the day wheel is locked by a detent spring ( 33 ) (see Fig. 9b). During this rotation of the weekday wheel ( 28 ) any day of the week and every day section of a day of the week can be displayed.

Due to the fact that the weekday wheel ( 28 ) is at an angle of 8/7 per revolution of the switching wheel ( 30 ). 360 ° has to turn, the day hand (29) sweeps over a range of one week and a day of the week on the day scale is the handoff of the Monatstagrades (32) during successive rotations of the ratchet wheel (30) during the sweep of the week pointer (29) of subsequent days of the week. Thus, during a first rotation of the switching wheel ( 30 ), the day of the month hand ( 34 ) is moved one step further when the day of the week hand ( 29 ) moves from Monday midnight to Tuesday midnight (see FIG. 9a), during a second rotation, if the weekday hand moves from Tuesday 0 a.m. to Wednesday 0 a.m. (see Fig. 9c) etc. To be able to display the time correctly, the control must know the current position of the switching wheel ( 30 ) or must know it when it passes The day of the week hand ( 29 ) the day hand ( 34 ).

The control sets the pointers to the desired position corresponding to the time by setting the month hand ( 34 ) to the first day of the month at the beginning of a month and then the week hand ( 29 ) to the start of the current day of the week. Since one revolution of the switching wheel ( 30 ) in which the day of the month hand ( 34 ) is advanced by one day of the month takes place within one rotation of the day of the week hand ( 29 ) by one week and day of the week, the controller needs the day of the week hand ( 29 ) only to take one step every 2 hours in the course of the day and to rotate it 360 ° once to change the day and thus to take 12.7 = 84 steps forward. The gear ratio of 8 to 7 between day of the week wheel ( 28 ) and switching wheel ( 30 ) represents an optimum with regard to the use of the entire switching angle of 45 ° of the switching wheel ( 30 ) for advancing the day wheel ( 32 ) and running through the switching angle with as little as possible Steps of the drive.

Fig. 7 shows the drive and the exploded transmission of a calendar according to claim 6. The transmission part shown in Figs. 9a to 9c is part of the transmission shown in Fig. 7 Darge.

Based on the selected gear ratios, a 24-hour wheel ( 27 ) is rotated through 360 ° with 12 steps of the stepper motor and the weekday hand ( 29 ) is thus moved one day of the week with 12 steps of the drive.

In the following a variant for a gearbox level detection, realized with a light barrier and coded according to Fig. 8a weekday wheel ( 28 ), day wheel ( 32 ), month wheel ( 35 ) and 24-hour wheel ( 27 ) is presented.

The 24-hour wheel ( 27 ), the weekday wheel ( 28 ), the monthly day wheel ( 32 ) and the monthly wheel ( 35 ) must be arranged in the transmission so that these 4 gears overlap at a point below which the coded area of a of each gear as it rotates. At this point, the light barrier will illuminate the 4 wheels. For this purpose, the weekday wheel ( 28 ), the day of the month wheel ( 32 ) and the month wheel ( 35 ) are arranged one above the other so that they rotate about a common center.

The arrow on each gearwheel, the gearwheels shown arranged side by side in FIG. 8a, points to the location illuminated by the light barrier. Each of the 4 gears in Fig. 8a is divided into sectors to which times are assigned. If there is a certain sector of the circle between the light barrier marked with an arrow, its time value is shown on one of the displays for the day of the week with day division, day of the month or month.

FIG. 8b shows how the gearwheels that overlap in one area are illuminated by a light barrier consisting of light source ( 37 ) and light receiver ( 38 ).

The light source ( 37 ) (e.g. an infrared LED) is connected to an output and the light receiver ( 38 ) (e.g. a phototransistor) is connected to an input of the controller ( 1 ) of the calendar. Only when all 4 gears are in a position in which they do not interrupt the light beam, the light receiver ( 38 ) is hit by the light beam and switches a corresponding level to the input of the control ( 1 ).

In order to read out the gear position, the controller drives the gears via the stepper motor of the gear unit until it reaches the gear unit position from the pulses received by the light receiver can close. To do this, it switches the light source on and off briefly after each step of the stepper motor reads out the response of the light receiver.  

The gearbox position is determined by successively determining the position of the weekday wheel ( 28 ), the switching wheel ( 30 ) and the monthly ( 35 ) and monthly day wheel ( 32 ).

1. Determine the position of the weekday wheel

Due to the selected gear ratios, the 24-hour wheel ( 27 ) is advanced by 2 hours with each step of the stepper motor. If the light receiver is illuminated, the coding of the 24-hour wheel must be at midnight or midnight. From this position, the control tests at 6-step intervals whether light falls on the light receiver 3 times in succession. If the light receiver has recognized light a third time, the day of the week hand is in the Monday position at midnight. This is because the weekday wheel is only permeable in the positions that are consecutive at 6-step intervals: Sunday midnight, Sunday noon and Monday midnight. On all other days, except Sunday, it is impermeable at 12 noon.

2. Determine the position of the ratchet wheel ( 30 )

The control now knows the position of the weekday wheel ( 28 ) and the 24-hour wheel ( 27 ). Now she tests from the 0 o'clock position of the 24-hour bike at 12-step intervals, i.e. at the beginning of a new day of the week, when the light is interrupted by the light barrier. On the day of the week on which this happens, the switching wheel ( 30 ) has already switched the day wheel ( 32 ) so that the light was interrupted by one of the webs of the day wheel ( 32 ). The forwarding therefore took place on the previous day of this weekday. From the day of switching on, the monthly day wheel ( 32 ) is switched by the switching wheel ( 30 ) every 8 days of the week, or 8.12 = 96 steps of the stepper motor.

3. Determine the position of the monthly wheel and the monthly day wheel

The 3 webs of the monthly wheel ( 35 ) are coded so that from 15.3. to 30.3., from 25.7. until 9.8. and from 5.12. until December 19 interrupt the light of the light barrier, so that the light barrier is interrupted by at least 15 days of the month or 15.96 steps of the stepper motor during the turning of the day ( 32 ) and month wheel ( 35 ). By a correspondingly long interruption of the light barrier, the control system recognizes that just one of the webs of the month wheel has just spun between the light barrier. Now the control only needs to count after how much 5 days a month or 5. Darkening cycles of the light receiver lasting 96 steps of the stepping motor, the light receiver is darkened for 6 days of the month or 6.96 steps of the stepping motor. The darkening of the light receiver for 6 days of the month takes place from the 25th to the 30th day of a month and is determined by the control with the first transmission of the light barrier on the 31st day of the month, on which the day wheel ( 32 ) then stands. The position of the monthly wheel ( 35 ) is determined by the control system from the number of darkening cycles counted for 5 days a month. If the number of darkening cycles is 0, the monthly cycle is on December 31, if it is 1 the monthly cycle is on August 31 and if it is 2, the monthly cycle is on April 31.

In a manual procedure for time programming of the calendar described later, the day of the week pointer is used to visualize the parameters to be programmed, distance from leap year, month, day of the month and day of the week with time of day. The control must therefore know the position of the day of the week hand, while the position of the day of the month and month hand is not yet important at this point. In order to be able to determine the position of the day of the week wheel ( 28 ) and thus of the day of the week, no web of the day of the day wheel ( 32 ) and the month's wheel ( 35 ) may interrupt the light barrier. The light barrier is switched by these wheels for a maximum of 16 days a month, or 16. 96 = 1536 Steps of the stepper motor interrupted one after the other. Then the control must turn the weekday wheel ( 28 ) a little more than 360 ° to determine its position. In the most extreme case, the weekday wheel ( 28 ) has traveled a little more than one revolution before the light barrier is interrupted by the monthly ( 32 ) and monthly wheel ( 35 ), so that the maximum number of steps until the position of the weekday wheel ( 28 ) is determined 1536 + 2.84 = 1704 steps. If the stepper motor can run at a maximum walking speed of 20 steps per second, this number of steps is covered in about 85 seconds. The transmission status detection presented here is optimized so that this time for determining the position of the weekday wheel ( 28 ) or weekday pointer is short in order to be able to carry out the manual setting process without a long waiting time. In contrast to gearbox level detectors previously used in radio-controlled clocks, in which the web width of the hour wheel varies, the web width of the monthly wheel is almost the same here, but the arrangement of the webs of the monthly wheel ( 35 ) varies within a month or two months, so that in connection with be determined by means of different web widths position can be determined the position of the month wheel (35) of the Monatstagrades (32).

However, in order to set the manually programmed time or the time received by a time signal, the stepper motor of the calendar has to cover a significantly larger number of steps on average. In order to be able to determine the complete gear position, the control must drive the month wheel ( 35 ) by a maximum of approx. 5.5 months, ie 5.5.31.96 = 16368 steps. In the most extreme case, one step less than one revolution of the monthly wheel ( 35 ), i.e. 12.31.96-1 = 35711 steps, is required to set the pointers to the programmed or read-in time from the determined gear position. The control system therefore requires a total of approximately 16368 + 35711 = 52079 steps, which takes approximately 44 minutes at a maximum step speed of the stepper motor of 20 steps per second.

Another variant of a calendar with a drive describes the 7th claim. Fig. 21 shows the drive and the exploded transmission chain of such calendar variant. With one step of the drive ( 74 ), the day of the week hand ( 76 ) is set forward over a two-hour period. Between the weekday wheel ( 75 ) and the monthly day wheel ( 77 ) there is a gear coupling with a constant gear ratio of 62 to 1. If one looks at FIG. 22a, which represents part of the gear chain of FIG. 21, one can see that during the passage all days of the week and all sections of a day of a weekday from Monday 0:00 to Sunday 10:00 p.m., the day of the month ( 78 ) moves from the beginning to the end of a day of the month, but is all the time in the same day of the month. This means that any day of the week and any day segment of this day of the week can be displayed on a day of the month.

However, if the weekday hand ( 76 ) is moved from Sunday 10 p.m. to Monday 0 a.m., the day of the month hand ( 78 ) leaves the first day of the month and only arrives at the beginning of the second day of the month after another rotation of the day hand ( 76 ) by 360 ° (see Fig. 22b). This area must not be used for display, the control must ensure that it is run through quickly.

The functionality of the day of the week and month display is to be described using an example. The day of the week hand is at 0:00 a.m. on Monday and the day of the month is on a first day of the month. The The controller sets the drive one step and the weekday hand every 2 hours until Monday 10 p.m. thus a day section of 2 hours before. The control sets at the change of day to Tuesday at 0 a.m. the 2.84 + 1 drive = 169 steps forward, which causes the weekday hand to reach 0:00 on Tuesday and the Month hand on the second day of the month is running.

This calendar variant is equipped with means for manually setting the pointers in a defined position. For this purpose, a manually rotatable setting wheel ( 84 ) acts on the intermediate wheel ( 85 ) between the monthly day wheel ( 77 ) and the monthly wheel ( 79 ). This setting wheel is used to set the month, day and month hands. There is a slip clutch between the monthly day wheel ( 77 ) and its drive ( 83 ), so that turning the adjusting wheel ( 84 ) has no effect on the weekday wheel ( 75 ). The drive of the day wheel ( 83 ) is firmly connected to the day tube ( 81 ) on which the day pointer ( 78 ) is placed. The day wheel ( 77 ) is pressed with a spring ( 82 ) against the drive of the day wheel ( 83 ).

The weekday hand is set to a defined position by means of a button connected to the control ( 86 , see Fig. 24 and 25).

The pointer can be set to a defined position using the following procedure.

After the operating voltage is applied, the control sets the drive one step each second thus the day of the week pointer two days ahead. After the day of the week hand has reached the position expected by the control, e.g. B. Monday, midnight the key must be pressed. The control thus knows the position of the day of the week. Then use the control wheel the day and month hands are moved to a position expected by the controller (e.g. the Month hand at the beginning of the 1st month segment and the month hand at January) and this communicated to the control system by pressing a button. After manual time programming, the Control set the hands in the position corresponding to the time.

The method described can advantageously be varied as follows.

• 1. The controller advances the day of the week hand a section of the day every second. If the position Monday morning is reached, the button is pressed.
• 2. With the method for manual time programming according to claim 13 with the exception of Step 13.6, the time is programmed into the controller.
• 3. The month hand points to the month and the day of the month points to the beginning of the day of the month that have been programmed.  
• 4. After pressing the button, the control starts counting the time and sets the pointers in the right position. By presetting the day of the month and the month hand you can program timed run very quickly.

A disadvantage of this calendar variant is that the day of the month pointer is due to the constant translation Ratio between weekday and month wheel depending on the day of the week in a different position is within a day of the month. Will the gear ratio between day of the week and Monthly wheel enlarged (e.g. to 124 to 1), the control must admit the drive for one day change a larger number of steps, but the position of the month hand changes then less when displaying different days of the week.

Fig. 24 shows the arrangement of the stepper motor gear block, the control circuit board ( 88 ), the battery ( 87 ), the setting wheel ( 84 ), the button ( 86 ) and the extracted shaft for mounting the day of the week hand and the pipes for mounting the Month and day hands in a calender movement housing. This calendar movement housing can advantageously be produced in standardized dimensions for quartz clockworks, so that it can be used in wall clock housings for standardized quartz clockworks.

Fig. 25 shows the circuit of such a calendar. A microcontroller of the PIC 12C509 type from Mikrochip, clocked at 32768 Hz, is a central component of the control. The button ( 86 ) is connected to one input and the drive ( 74 ) to two outputs of the microcontroller. A bipolar stepper motor, which is controlled by the control with pulses of alternating polarity, is used as the drive. The microcontroller used requires a voltage of at least 2.5 V, so that a 1.5 V primary cell is not sufficient for the voltage supply. However, if a microcontroller is used that works with a voltage of 1.5 V, only one 1.5 V primary cell can be used.

The microcontroller runs a program that

• - Performs the procedure for manually setting the pointers in a defined position and the Transmission status register initialized with this defined position
• - every step of the stepper motor counts and the gear register is updated accordingly
• - Performs the method for manual time programming according to claim 13 and saves the programmed time in time registers
• - The clock pulses of the quartz counts and the time registers update according to the elapsed time Siert
• - taking into account the time in the time registers, the gear ratio and the Allocation of the gearbox positions to the parameter values shown on the scales continuously the target position of the pointer is calculated
• - The stepper motor continues until the actual position stored in the transmission status registers The pointer coincides with the target position.

The time and gear status registers are part of the working memory of the microcontroller.  

In one year, the stepper motor has to perform approximately 2.84.31.12 = 62496 steps, with the controller controlling the Turns on the voltage for the stepper motor for about 50 ms. The current through the solenoid of the step motors is 5 mA. The average current of the stepper motor is then included 62496.5 mA.50 ms / (365.24.60.60 s) = 495 nA.

The microcontroller itself requires a supply voltage of 3 V and a clock frequency of 32768 Hz, a current of 20 µA (microampere), so that the average total current at about 0.02 mA. If the battery pack used has a capacity of 1000 mAh, the calendar can 1000 mAh / 0.02 mA = 50000 h or 2083 days run. So it would only take after 5 years Battery pack of the calendar can be replaced.

If the rate deviation, as can be achieved with a quartz-stabilized clock generator, is 1 second on Day after 5 years it would be 365 p.5 = 30.4 minutes. Because the day of the week hand of the calendar is moved one step forward every 120 minutes, the gait deviation is still significantly below that Step size of the day of the week pointer. So the calendar, after a battery change and one manual time programming of the control run for 5 years without service work.

The task, in particular for a calendar according to claim 1, a gear connection between to create the day of the week and day of the month, so that these displays by only one electrical Drive can be driven, is also achieved according to the 8th claim.

The operational connection of the day of the week and day of the month is shown in FIG. 10. With each step of the drive, the day of the week hand ( 39 ) and the day of the month hand ( 40 ) are preceded by a day of the week or day of the month. In principle, such a mechanical coupling between the day of the week and the day of the month is not new. It is used in mechanical clocks with weekday and month display. However, in months with less than 31 days a manual correction of the day of the month must be done.

In contrast to conventional solutions, the control drives the drive and thus the day of the week and day of the month even when changing a month with less than 31 days until the correct day of the week and day of the month are displayed. So it is enough. B. not that at a month change of a month with 30 days of the month, the drive sets the day of the month pointer 2 steps from the 30th to the 1st day of the month, because then the day of the week pointer would also be set 2 steps and a day of the week would be skipped. However, if one looks at FIG. 11, it can be seen that after 7 revolutions of the day of the day hand ( 40 ), each with 31 steps of the drive, the day of the week hand ( 39 ) has run through all days of the week and is again in its original position.

As in the example above, a day of the week became too long due to the change from the 30th to the 1st day of the month If this is the case, the control can correct this by further 2. Runs 31 steps.

The controller is also able to do this because it calculates the target position according to claim 1 Pointer taking into account the time in the time registers, the gear ratio and the Assignment of the gearbox positions to the parameter values shown on the scales.  

Changes z. B. the date from Saturday, the 30th day of the month to Sunday, the 1st day of the month, drives the First control the drive 2 steps, with the weekday hand Monday and the day hand shows the 1st day of the month. After 31 drive correction steps, the month hand shows again a 1st day of the month and the day of the week hand on a Thursday. After another 31 steps of The correct date Sunday, the 1st day of the month is displayed. The correction of Months with 28 or 29 days.

The advantage of such a coupled weekday and month display is that the control for a change of the day the drive normally only has to go one step further to the weeks update the day and month display. Only when changing a month with less than 31 days a larger number of steps is necessary.

In general, the day of the week and day of the month display of a device according to claim 8 can be done both as a pointer display and in another way, such as by means of a disk labeled with numbers in a fixed window, and the arrangement of the display elements can be as desired. A coupled day and month display in accordance with FIG. 10 in connection with a corresponding electronic control and its own drive for the day and month display can advantageously also be used in a clock indicating the days of the week and month. When used in a calendar according to claim 1, the months must also be displayed. The controller can drive the month hand using a further drive and a further gear.

A further possibility is, according to claim 9, to couple the monthly display with the monthly day display, the transmission ratio between the monthly and monthly display being 12 to 1 (see FIG. 12). When changing a month with 31 days, the month display is correctly set to the next month. However, if the month to be changed is shorter than 31 days, the weekday display is corrected by several rounds of the month display, as already described. This will of course set the wrong month. As can be seen from FIG. 11, after 7 revolutions of the day of the month, the original day of the week and of course the original day of the month are set. After these 7 revolutions of the day of the month, the month hand is placed 7 months ahead. If the month hand is rotated a total of 12 times for 7 revolutions, the month hand runs through every month and then returns to the original month. The month hand runs through the numerically represented months (January 1, December 12) in the following order 1 → 8 → 3 → 10 → 5 → 12 → 7 → 2 → 9 → 4 → 11 → 6 → 1.

Changes the date e.g. B. from Monday, April 30th to Tuesday, May 1st, the controller drives the drive first 2 steps, the weekday pointer ( 39 ) pointing to Wednesday, the day indicator ( 40 ) pointing to the 1st and the month pointer ( 41 ) is set to May ( Fig. 12a). Now the day of the week is corrected by the control driving the drive 62 steps, whereby Tuesday, the 1st is displayed, but the month hand has moved 2 months and now points to July ( Fig. 12b).

Then the control must correct the month, taking the drive 10.7.31 steps. Starting in July, the month hand points to the following months after 7.31 steps of the drive or 7 revolutions of the day of the month:
February, September, April, November, June, January, August, March, October, May. This completes the correction and the correct date, Tuesday, May 1st, is displayed ( Fig. 12c).

The following table shows the number of steps of the drive when changing the month depending on the number of days in the month.

A large number of correction steps must be carried out 5 times a year. In one Year with 365 days the drive must total 12.31 + 4.2232 + 1488 = 10788 steps and in one Leap year 12.31 + 4.2232 + 1860 = cover 11160 steps.

However, the months do not have to follow continuously because they are e.g. B. not by a pointer that points to a monthly scale, but are shown by a rotating monthly disc in a fixed window, they can be distributed so that the response times decrease. A more favorable arrangement of the months z. B. on a monthly disc is achieved in the following order:
July-August-September-March-April-October November-May-June-December-January-February.

For all months with 31 days in which no correction of the weekday is necessary, the following month follows on the monthly disc. When changing the months April, September and November with 30 days, the day of the month must be rotated twice to correct the day of the week, whereby 2 months are skipped on the month. Since the months of May, October and December do not follow the months of April, September or November directly on the monthly disc, but two months have been inserted in between, the month display is correct after the day of the week has been corrected. Only in February and June does an additional correction of the monthly display have to take place.

In a year with 365 days, the drive only needs a total of 12.31 + 3.62 + 1581 + 837 = 2976 Steps and 12.31 + 3.62 + 1581 + 1209 = 3348 steps in one leap year.  

However, the monthly disc cannot move forward continuously like a pointer throughout the month be moved, but must be switched step by step when changing from the 31st to the 1st of a month become.

The setting times after commissioning and after a day change can be quite long for calendar variants with only one drive and a subdivision of the weekday display to display daily sections. In order to reduce these times, a calendar with a divided weekday display is advantageously equipped with 2 electric drives. The day of the week hand ( 43 ) is driven by a stepper motor SM1 ( 42 ) ( FIG. 13a) and a further stepper motor SM2 ( 44 ) drives the day of the month hand ( 45 ) and, based on this, uses a 12 to 1 translation to drive the month hand ( 46 ) ( FIG . 13b).

Such a calendar variant is described in patent claim 10.

The construction of a calendar with 2 stepper motors, a gear level detection and a time period Chenempfänger will be described using an example.

Figs. 13a and 13b show the transmission chains of a vehicle equipped with 2 step motors calendar in an exploded view. However, the day wheel ( 48 ), the day wheel ( 49 ) and the month wheel ( 50 ) rotate around a common center. These gears and a 24-hour wheel ( 47 ) are arranged according to Fig. 15b so that they partially overlap. In the area of the overlap, these gears are located between a light barrier. The 4 gears are coded according to Fig. 15a. The arrow on each gear wheel points to the location illuminated by the light barrier. The coded gearwheels and the light barrier, consisting of infrared LED ( 54 ) and infrared photo transistor ( 55 ), are the means for detecting the gearbox status.

FIG. 16a represents the side view of a calendar mechanism housing with the 2 step motors (42, 44), the two gears and the transmission level detection. A connected to the Wochentagrad (48) week shaft (51), one end connected to the Monatstagrad (49) Monatstagrohr ( 52 ) and a monthly tube ( 53 ) connected to the monthly wheel ( 50 ) are brought out. The calendars are attached to it. Furthermore, there is a circuit board ( 57 ) under the stepper motor gear block ( 56 ), which contains the circuit of the controller (including microcontroller and quartz) and the time signal receiver (including receiving IC).

Fig. 16b shows the top view of the calendar mechanism housing. In front of the stepper motor gear block ( 56 ) there is space for a battery compartment for a 1.5 V battery ( 58 ) of the R6 type and an antenna ( 59 ) for the time signal receiver.

The dimensions of the calendar movement housing correspond to the housing of a quartz or radio clockwork manufactured in standard dimensions. These clockworks are used for installation in table or wall clock housings and are characterized by a length and width of 56 mm each and a hole in the center of the housing, through which a shaft and 2 tubes for attaching the hands are guided (see Fig. 5a to 5c).

The calendar mechanism can thus be used in any table or wall clock housing which is intended to accommodate such a standardized clock mechanism. Fig. 6 shows such a calendar realized with a wall clock case ( 60 ), Fig. 6a the front of the watch case ( 60 ) with an inserted calendar dial ( 9 ) and Fig. 6b the back of the watch case ( 60 ) with a built-in calendar mechanism ( 61 ).

Of course, the calendar work of other variants of a calendar can also be made in standard dimensions be put.

It is also conceivable to market a clock showing the time of day and a calendar together, using the same housing for the clock and the calendar.

Now a circuit of the controller and the control program for a calendar according to FIGS . 13a, 13b, 15a and 15b will be described.

The calendar hands are driven by two stepper motors ( Fig. 13a, 13b). The stepper motors are constructed in the same way as conventional stepper motors of quartz watches. They are controlled with pulses of alternating polarity, the pulse length of the stepper motors used here being approximately 50 ms. A stepper motor performs one step per pulse, its rotor being rotated by 180 °. With one step of stepper motor SM1 ( 42 ) the day of the week hand ( 43 ) is advanced by 2 hours due to the selected gear ratio. With a step from the stepper motor SM2 ( 44 ), the month hand ( 45 ) is advanced by one month and the month hand ( 46 ) by 1/31 of a day of the month.

Fig. 14 shows the circuit of the control of the calendar. A central component of the control is a microcontroller type PIC 16C505 from Microchip.

1024 commands can be stored in the program memory of this microcontroller and 72 bytes in the data memory Data are stored. The microcontroller requires a supply voltage in the range from 2.5 to 5.5 V, it can be operated with clock frequencies from 32 kHz to 20 MHz and has 11 I / O pins (Direction programmable) and 1 input pin (Pin4 - RB3). An external quartz can be connected to pins 2 and 3 connected, otherwise an internal RC oscillator is used for clock generation. The microcontrol It contains an 8 bit timer that counts the clock pulses divided by a programmable divider can, as well as an internal power-on-reset circuit.

The microcontroller is in the circuit with an operating voltage of 3 V and a quartz stabili clocked frequency of 32768 Hz, which serves as the time standard, operated and consumed even in this Configuration a current of about 15 microamps (uA). The outputs can be both low and Deliver a high level of at least 5 mA (at an operating voltage of 2.5 V).

Since the stepper motors are designed for a voltage of 1.5 V, there is a prewi in front of each stepper motor the state of 240 ohms switched.

A fully assembled module is used as the DCF77 receiver. The circuit of this module is Not shown here, only the interface was drawn, via which the receiver was sent to the controller  is closed. The operating voltage of the DCF77 receiver must not exceed 2 V. she will switched on from output RB0 of the microcontroller and via the green LED (D3) to a little under 2 V stabilized. By program-controlled switching on the supply voltage of the DCF77 receiver The low-active enable input (DCFOn /) is also fixed to ground. Via the DCF77 output of the receiver, the second pulses of the DCF77 signal are made available via the Tran sistor Q2 amplified and reach the input RB3 of the microcontroller. The Micro program controllers ensures that when the DCF77 receiver is switched on, the second pulses are indicated by the red Led (D2) are displayed.

In addition to the second pulses, the state of the jumper can also be input at the RB3 of the microcontroller JP1 and the state of the light barrier of the calendar can be queried via the infrared transistor Q1. To ensure that the query is clear, the controller may only activate one of the 3 elements. Has the Control z. B. switched on the operating voltage of the DCF77 receiver via the output RB0 To query the seconds pulses at the DCF77 output, the infrared LED D1 must be switched off and jumper JP1 must not be inserted. The jumper JP1 is used to attach the pointer, and the gearbox of the calendar in a clear starting position. He will be operating before creating voltage plugged in, its status is determined by the control after connecting the operating voltage read in and must then be removed. The controller is waiting for the jumper to be removed and does not take any action during this time.

Since the PIC 16C505 type microcontroller used in the controller has a voltage of at least at least 2.5 V are required, two 1.5 V primary cells are required. These do not fit into a calendar work Standard dimensions. However, if a microcontroller is used in the control, which is connected to a ver supply voltage of 1.5 V and is designed as an SMD component, a battery compartment for a battery can be integrated into the housing of a calendar work in standard dimensions.

This concludes the description of the circuit and the description of the control follows programs of the microcontroller.

The clock frequency of the microcontroller of 32768 Hz serves as the time standard. A programmable divider and the 8 bit counter / timer are initialized so that the frequency from 32768 Hz by 128 to 256 Hz divided and then fed to the 8 bit hardware counter. So every second comes on Overflow of this counter. Since the PIC 16C505 microcontroller has no interrupts, the Software ensure that every overflow of the 8 bit hardware counter is recognized. Starting from The software counts this overflow, which occurs every second, in additional data stored in the memory registers the seconds, minutes, hours, days of the week, days of the month, months and the distance from leap year. The program takes into account the different number of days of the month in Depends on the month and year with 365 days or the leap year with 366 days.

Since the 8 bit hardware counter is incremented by 1 every 1/256 s or approximately every 4 ms and is removed from the program can be asked, the software can measure the length of an event with an accuracy of 4 ms determine. So the software can e.g. B. the magnetic coils of the stepper motors a defined time switch or measure the pulse length of the second pulses of a DCF77 time telegram.  

Before the time is displayed, the software must determine the gear unit status and a DCF77 time telegram Read.

The gearbox level detection is carried out first. For this purpose, the status of the weekday wheel is first determined, for which step motor SM1 ( 42 ) is switched one step further, then the infrared LED D1 is switched on and the state of the light barrier is queried by querying the phototransistor Q1. This continues until it is possible to conclusively determine the status of the weekday wheel. If after a certain number of steps of the stepper motor SM1 the light barrier is not transparent, the day or month wheel interrupts the light barrier. Then the stepper motor SM2 is advanced a few steps before the process is repeated with the stepper motor SM1.

After the position of the weekday wheel has been recognized, the position of the day and month wheel is recognized analogously, but the stepper motor SM2 ( 44 ) is moved for this purpose.

During one revolution of the monthly wheel ( 50 ), 3 positions can be recognized based on the coding of the monthly wheel. However, if the JPI jumper was inserted while the operating voltage was being applied, the gearbox will be moved to a clear position (e.g. January 1, Monday, midnight).

After recognizing the gear unit status, the position of each pointer is changed from the software to the gear unit status registers saved. These registers are updated with every step of a stepper motor. Now the registers that count the time are synchronized with the DCF77 time telegram. The As is well known, the DCF77 transmitter emits a carrier frequency of 77.5 kHz, which increases to 25% every second its amplitude is reduced for a period of 100 ms (low bit) or 200 ms (high bit). These reductions are also referred to as second marks and encode the time information. The Time stamp of the 59th second is missing and indicates the end of a minute. At the DCF77 output of the At the receiver these second marks are present as high level, otherwise this output is at low. The control now switches on the DCF77 receiver, wait for the missing time stamp of the 59. Second, from then on the evaluation starts, whereby it measures the length of the second marks, them high or low level and then stores them. Could all second marks up to the 59th second are recognized, there were no errors in the length measurement and no parity errors, then takes place The conversion into the binary number system. If it is a valid time, the time will be gister synchronized with the imported time telegram. If an error occurred, a new time tele will be created read in grams.

After reading in a time telegram, the time register is continuously checked by the control updated. The target position of the pointer is taken into account the time register, the gearbox Settlement relationships and the assignment of the gearbox positions to those shown on the scales Parameter values calculated. Then the stepper motors and thus the pointers advanced until the target position of the pointer with the actual position stored in the transmission status registers matches.

Since the calendar and the clock are now running with quartz accuracy, the is changed once a day at 3.00.45 DCF77 receiver switched on for synchronization and tries to read a new time telegram.  

If a time telegram cannot be read due to poor reception, the will be at 3.08.15 DCF77 receiver switched off again. Time telegrams that were read incorrectly are ignored. There is a switchover between summer time and normal time or between normal time and Summer time, the next time a DCF77 time telegram is read in, the time counting Corrected register and possibly the day of the week.

The green LED D3 indicates that the DCF77 receiver is switched on, the red Led D2 shows the seconds markers. If reception is poor, the calendar may change position an attempt is made to find a better reception position.

The time and gear status registers are part of the working memory of the microcontroller.

The power consumption of this variant of the calendar is to be examined. The one at startup Current consumed for gearbox level detection is not taken into account.

In one year, the stepper motor SM1 that drives the weekday hand completes 365.12 = 4380 steps. The stepper motor SM2, which drives the day and month hands, completes during this time 31.12 = 372 steps. The current through the solenoid of each stepper motor should be 5 mA and that Solenoid should be switched on for 50 ms per step. Thus the average current is Stepper motors 5 mA.50 ms.4380 + 372) / (365.24.60.60 s) = 38 nA.

The DCF77 receiver is switched on for an average of 3 minutes every day. He himself needs one Current of 0.1 mA, but a current of flows through the green LED to keep the voltage constant 2 mA. The red LED for displaying the seconds mark requires a current of 2 mA, but only to about 15% of the switch-on time flows. So the average current for the DCF77 receiver is and the LEDs (0.1 mA + 2mA + 0.15.2 mA) .180 s / (24.60.60 s) = 5 uA.

The PIC16C505 microcontroller used in the controller requires a current of 15 uA, so that the average total current is about 20 uA. Does the battery pack have a capacity of The calendar can run 1000 mAh / 1000 mAh / 0.02 mA = 50000 h or 2083 days. That would only be necessary the battery pack of the calendar can be replaced after more than 5 years, provided it is battery used with a low self-discharge rate.

By the way, special microcontrollers have a clock frequency of 32768 Hz in their power consumption still far below a PIC16C505 microcontroller (approx. 1 microampere versus 15 microampere) and only require a voltage of 1.5 V. If the two LEDs are then left out, the flows at Receiving a DCF77 time telegram only a current of 0.1 mA for 3 minutes a day. Then redu the average power consumption is 38 nA (for the stepper motors) + 0.1 mA. 180 s / (24.60.60 s) = 208 nA (for the DCF77 receiver) + 1000 nA (for the microcontrol ler) = 1246 nA. A battery with a capacity of 1000 mAh could theo Drive 1000 mAh / 1246 nA = 802568 h or 91 years. This time is practical due to the Self-discharge rate of the battery cannot be achieved.

A slightly different circuit and a slightly different control program compared to the presented variant have already proven themselves in practice. However, was different from the ones here  presented gears for the calendar of the stepper motor gear block of a commercially available Radio wall clock used.

This also includes 2 stepper motors and 2 gears, with some gears of the gears being coded and be examined by a light barrier for gearbox level detection. The former The second hand, which rotates once with 60 steps of a stepper motor, now shows the day of the week and the former minute and hour hand, which with 240 and 12,240 steps of the second Rotate stepper motors once are now used to display the day of the month or month.

It would be conceivable to also use the original microcontroller circuit of this radio clock for the calendar use, whereby only a special software is used for a calendar. In this case, would Such a radio calendar from a radio clock only through the use of a special software variant and distinguish another dial. However, the gear ratios are this radio Clock is not ideal for a calendar, so that the gear ratios of the gearbox are also correct should be changed. A manufacturer of such radio clocks can also do so with minimal additional effort produce a radio calendar.

An exact display of the time of day in addition to the calendar display is possible with a separate clock, has the disadvantage, however, that a separate battery set is used for the calendar and the clock must become. Furthermore, each device would need its own control and possibly also a DCF77- Receiver. The control of a preferred variant of the calendar can therefore also be a clock drive.

Claim 12 describes a calendar-clock combination. To simplify commissioning Both the calendar and the clock have a gearbox level detection. Through the in the 12th patent characteristics listed ensures that the clock and the calendar run synchronously.

Fig. 17 is a block diagram showing a variant of such a calendar clock combination that is equipped with a time signal receiver.

Fig. 18a shows the front of a housing ( 66 ) with the dials of the clock and the calendar, in which such a calendar-clock combination was installed. Fig. 18b shows the back side of this housing (66) having a built-in calendar unit (61) and a built-in clockwork (67). The calendar mechanism ( 61 ) contains the power supply (battery), the controller ( 1 ), a time receiver ( 6 ), and the drive (s) ( 2 ), the gearbox (s) ( 3 ) and the gearbox level detection ( 4 ) of the calendar , The clockwork includes the drive (s) ( 62 ), the gearbox (s) ( 63 ) and the gearbox position detection ( 65 ) of the watch. The drive (s) ( 62 ) and the transmission status detection ( 65 ) of the watch are connected to the control ( 1 ) built into the calendar mechanism housing via a plug-in connecting cable ( 68 ).

Due to the spatial separation of the clock and calendar movements, which are only connected via a cable and the use of a dial for the clock and the calendar are both for the clock and for the Calendar-sized, easy-to-read displays possible.  

The synchronization of the control of the calendar with the current time can be done both through the reception a time signal, e.g. B. the DCF77 transmitter as well as by manual programming. at Manual programming is certainly only a method that makes sense when programming parameter values can be visualized with a pointer of the calendar. Everything else would be spent some additional hardware.

DE 38 90 910 T1 describes a method for programming the date for a clock with minutes and hour display, and a device for displaying the date, not shown ben. With a spindle which can be brought into 3 positions by pulling it out or pushing it in the parameter to be programmed is selected as day of the month, month or year. Go berserk the spindle equipped with a pulse generator can change the value of the selected parameter be changed, whereby the value is visualized by a pointer of the clock. The pointer only drives so many Positions in one round, as the parameter to be programmed includes values. For example January is displayed when programming the month by pressing the second hand position 5, from February through position 10 to December through position 60. All Intermediate positions are quickly overrun. The disadvantage of this method is that it is not direct can be read what is set. You have to know that e.g. B. January of position 5 of the Corresponds to the second hand. A spindle with 3 contacts and a pulse generator is also required Lich. The setting of the time of day is not mentioned, presumably it is done in a conventional way, by adjusting the minute and hour hands by turning the spindle. However, that would also be Programming a time of day using this procedure is problematic because of both hours and hours Months include 12 values and therefore no longer appear from the pointer position and the movement of the pointer it would be clearly ascertainable what is currently being programmed. Furthermore, programming is not a Provided on weekdays. This would also be problematic with this method, because again none Uniqueness of the parameter to be programmed from the run and the position of the pointers possible would.

The invention seeks to avoid the disadvantages of the method for programming the date described in DE 38 90 910 T1 by

• - Although a pointer is also used to visualize the values, these are used directly from the monthly, monthly day and weekday scale can be read
• - The relatively expensive to implement spindle is replaced by a simple button
• - The day of the week and the time of day can also be programmed.

According to the invention, the task of manual programming of a calendar according to claim 1 solved with the 13th claim.

The manual control of the calendar control is carried out by a button connected to the control and is visualized by the day of the week ( 10 ) of the calendar. The means for manual time programming listed as a feature in claim 1 thus consist of the button and the day of the week ( 10 ). The control program communicates with the means for manual time programming and processes the procedural steps of the 13th patent claim. In a calendar with 2 drives, the month hand can also be used to visualize parameter values, e.g. B. to visualize the days of the month.

After pressing the button in a predetermined manner, e.g. B. bite a long key press the calendar is in programming mode.

Now the parameters month, day of the month and day of the week are programmed with the time of day. For this purpose, the parameter values are visualized by the day of the week pointer ( 10 ) running in succession to every possible value of a parameter and remaining there for about 1 second. For the visualization of the months, the weekday pointer ( 10 ) points in succession to each month of the month scale ( 15 , see Fig. 19b), the days of the month to each month on the monthly day scale ( 13 , see Fig. 19c) and the days of the week with the time of day on each weekday segment and each time of day division within this weekday segment on the weekday scale ( 11 , see FIG. 19d). If the last value of a parameter was started, the first time will start again the next time (e.g. after the 31st day of the month, the 1st day of the month is started). This happens as long as the operator does not press the button. However, if the key is pressed, the currently set value is saved by the control in one of the time registers and the next parameter is programmed in the same way. After programming the last parameter, the day of the week pointer ( 10 ) preferably moves to a basic position (Monday, midnight).

After pressing the button again, the control starts counting the time and sets the hands in quick run to the programmed time. This completes the programming of the control sen.

It is also conceivable that the year is also programmed to take leap years into account. To do this, it is sufficient to enter the interval from the last leap year, i.e. 0, 1, 2 or 3 years. The visualization of a leap year is done by pointing the weekday pointer ( 10 ) to the limit between Sunday and Monday of the weekday scale ( 11 ), the first, second or third year after a leap year by pointing to a position of the weekday scale ( 11 ) that is 90 ° , 180 ° or 270 ° from this position (see Fig. 19a). The disadvantage, however, is that no scale on the dial ( 9 ) of the calendar contains the years, so that a direct display of the values is not possible.

The manual programming of the control system will be explained using an example Leap year the time is programmed Monday, September 5, 1:30 p.m. A calendar is included a division of each weekday into 12 sections of 2 hours each.

After the button has been pressed for at least 2 seconds, the calendar is in the programming mode.

Now the leap year is shown by pointing the weekday hand ( 10 ) to the Monday position at 0 o'clock on the weekday scale ( 11 ) and then the first, second and third year after a leap year by pointing to a position that is 90 °, 180 ° or 270 ° is away from the position of the leap year, visualized, whereby the weekday hand ( 10 ) runs quickly to one of these positions and remains there for a second (see Fig. 19a). As long as the key is not pressed, the day of the week pointer ( 10 ) repeats this cycle again and again. After the day of the week hand ( 10 ) points back to Monday 0 o'clock and thus visualizes a leap year, the operator presses the button. The control saves the leap year in one of the time registers and now visualizes the months in which the day of the week pointer ( 10 ) quickly runs to a month segment of the month scale ( 15 ), remains there for a second and continues this process with the next month segment as long as the key is not actuated (see Fig. 19b).

After the month of September is reached, the operator presses the button. The controller saves the month of September in one of the time registers. Now the day of the week pointer ( 10 ) quickly runs up to the days of the month on the day of the month ( 13 ), starting with the first day of the month. He pauses for a second every day of the month.

Because the day of the week hand ( 10 ) rotates after 7.12 = 84 steps of the drive and these 84 steps are not divisible by 31 (the number of days of the month), the day of the week hand ( 10 ) cannot always exactly match a month in the middle of a day of the month Show. However, a clear readability is still guaranteed (see Fig. 19c).

When the weekday hand ( 10 ) has reached the 5th day of the month, the operator presses the button again. The controller saves this day of the month in one of the time registers. Now the day of the week pointer ( 10 ) gradually starts the days of the week and their time on the day of the week scale ( 11 ), starting on Monday at midnight (see Fig. 19d). Since one step of the drive advances the weekday hand ( 10 ) by 2 hours each, the time Monday, 1.30 a.m. cannot be shown exactly.

The operator could now in the first position (Monday 0:00) or in the second position (Monday 2:00) weekday of the pointer (10) on the day of the week dial (11) press the button. In the first case, the calendar would run for 90 minutes, in the second case 30 minutes. An exact programming of the time according to this method is therefore only possible if the last actuation of the key with which the time programming of the control is completed and with which the control begins with the time counting occurs at the time which is exactly one of the weekday hands ( 10 ) corresponds to the time that can be represented on the weekday scale ( 11 ). The operator presses the button in the Monday position at 2:00 a.m. The controller also stores the day of the week and the time of day in other parts of the time register. The day of the week hand ( 10 ) now returns to the basic position (Monday 0:00). After pressing the button again, the control starts counting the time, which means that it updates the time registers according to the elapsed time and sets the pointers to the programmed time in rapid mode.

Now a method for a calendar-clock combination according to claim 12 manual time programming.

To program the time is a procedure for manual programming of the control analogous method conceivable with the calendar parameters according to claim 13.

The control system is programmed with the calendar parameters as in the procedure according to Claim 13, but it is sufficient, when programming the times of a day of the week, only that  To program half of the day, with the day of the week then visualizing the times of day a day of the week is only set to morning and afternoon.

The exact time of a half day is given to the control system by programming with the time communicated.

Method step 13.6 is also omitted, since the time still has to be programmed before the counting starts and the programmed time is started by the hands.

Now the hour and minute parameters of the clock are programmed one after the other.

For this purpose, the parameter values are visualized by the second hand, or if the clock does not have a second hand, the minute hand runs in succession to every possible value of a parameter and remains there for about 1 second. For example, the second hand or minute hand points to the hour in succession to every hour (see FIG. 20a) and the minutes to each minute in turn (see FIG. 20b). This happens as long as the operator does not press the button connected to the control. However, if the button is pressed, the currently set value is saved by the control and the next parameter is programmed in the same way. If the second hand is used for visualization, it preferably still runs to the 0th second. After pressing the button again, the control starts counting the time and sets the hands of the calendar and the clock to the current time at high speed.

The presented method for programming the control of a calendar-clock combination with the Time, is also suitable for manual programming of the control of a radio clock, if this Time signal can not receive.

In addition to the date, events (e.g. holidays) or time may be desired get rich (e.g. seasons) displayed.

One or more scales containing such events or time ranges could be in addition to Monthly scale of the calendar.  

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Control calendar

2

Drive (s) calendar

3

Gear calendar

4

Transmission level detection calendar

5

Calendar display

6

Time signal receiver

7

time standard

8th

Power supply z. B. battery

9

Dial calendar

10

week hand

11

weekday scale

12

Monatstagzeiger

13

Monatstagskala

14

month hand

15

month scale

16

rotor

17

Wochentagrad

18

week hand

19

ratchet

20

switch Probe

21

Monatstagrad

22

Monatstagzeiger

23

detent spring

24

month wheel

25

month hand

26

rotor

27

24-hour wheel

28

Wochentagrad

29

week hand

30

ratchet

31

switch Probe

32

Monatstagrad

33

detent spring

34

Monatstagzeiger

35

month wheel

36

month hand

37

light source

38

light receiver

39

week hand

40

Monatstagzeiger

41

month hand

42

Stepper motor SM1

43

week hand

44

Stepper motor SM2

45

Monatstagzeiger

46

month hand

47

24-hour wheel

48

Wochentagrad

49

Monatstagrad

50

month wheel

51

weekday wave

52

Monatstagrohr

53

month pipe

54

Infrared Led

55

IR phototransistor

56

Stepper motors transmission block

57

circuit board

58

battery

59

antenna

60

Wall watch case

61

Calendar works

62

Drive (s) clock

63

Gear clock

64

Display clock

65

Transmission level detection clock

66

Housing calendar with clock

67

clockwork

68

connection cable

69

second hand

70

minute hand

71

hour hand

72

Hourly u. minute scale

73

Dial clock

74

stepper motor

75

Wochentagrad

76

week hand

77

Monatstagrad

78

Monatstagzeiger

79

month wheel

80

month hand

81

Monatstagrohr

82

feather

83

Shoot on the monthly day wheel

84

Adjustment device (adjusting wheel)

85

idler

86

button

87

battery

88

circuit board

Claims (14)

1. Calendar, equipped with a day of the week ( 10 ), day of the month ( 12 ) and month ( 14 ), which rotate around a common center and which are assigned a day of the week ( 11 ), day of the month ( 13 ) and month ( 15 ) are, the 3 scales extend over 360 ° and are arranged concentrically to each other on a dial ( 9 ) and the calendar continues
an electronic control ( 1 ), which includes time and gear register, a power supply ( 8 ), e.g. B. a usable in the calendar battery, a time standard ( 7 ), z. B. a quartz,
one or more electric drives ( 2 ), each of which drives the pointer via a gear ( 3 ),
Means for recognizing the transmission status ( 4 ) or means for manually setting the pointers into a defined position expected by the control
includes a device for receiving a time signal transmitter ( 6 ) or means for manual time programming, and the controller executes a program that
the transmission status is determined by communication with the means for recognizing the transmission status and stored in the transmission status registers or the transmission status register is initialized according to a defined position into which the pointers have to be brought manually,
counts every step of a drive and updates the gear register, taking into account the gear ratio,
the time is determined by querying the device for receiving a time signal transmitter or by a method for manual parameter programming using the associated means and stores it in the time registers,
counts the impulses of the time standard and updates the time register according to the elapsed time, whereby the number of days of the month depending on the months is taken into account at least for years with 365 days and possibly also for leap years,
taking into account the time in the time registers, the gear ratio and the assignment of the gear positions to the parameter values displayed on the scales, the target position of the pointers is continuously calculated and
the drive or drives continues until the actual position of the pointers stored in the transmission status registers matches the target position ( FIGS. 1 and 2). 2. Calendar according to claim 1, characterized in that the control of the calendar Microcontroller control and the time standard is a quartz, which is the clock frequency of the microcontroller stabilized and the time and gear registers are part of the data storage of the microcontroller and the control program is executed by the microcontroller.   3. Calendar according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the weekday scale ( 11 ) is divided into 7 weekday segments and each weekday segment is further divided in time and the gear ratio is selected so that the weekday pointer ( 10 ) is a weekday segment with at least 2 steps of runs through the associated drive and the control drives this drive and thus also the day of the week pointer so that day segments are displayed for each day of the week. 4. Apparatus for weekday and month display for a calendar according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein
the day hand is connected to a day wheel and the day hand is connected to a day wheel
the weekday wheel is connected to a drive with a gear ratio such that every weekday or every day segment of a weekday can be represented on the weekday display,
characterized in that
the weekday wheel drives the monthly day wheel via a gear coupling with a gear ratio of at least 31 to 1, so that each time after rotating the weekly wheel by a constant angle of at least 360 °, the monthly day wheel is rotated so that the next day of the month is shown on the day of the month and
the control brings the displays into the desired position corresponding to the time by driving the drive and thus also the weekday wheel and the monthly day wheel until the correct day of the month is displayed first and then the correct day of the week and, if applicable, the correct day segment of the day of the week. ( Figures 3a-3c, 4a, 4b, 7). 5. Calendar according to claims 1 and 4, with a stepper motor as a drive, with 7 steps of the stepper motor, one revolution of the weekday wheel ( 17 ), characterized in that
the weekday wheel ( 17 ) evenly drives a ratchet wheel ( 19 ) via a 1 to 1 ratio and
the switching wheel ( 19 ) is equipped with a switching pin ( 20 ) and
this switching pin ( 20 ) engages in the toothing of the month-day wheel ( 21 ) equipped with 31 teeth and rotates it by one tooth and the month-day hand ( 22 ) by one day during the rotation of the weekday pointer ( 18 ) from Sunday to Monday, at the times , in which the switching pin ( 20 ) of the switching wheel ( 19 ) does not engage in the toothing of the day wheel ( 21 ), the day wheel ( 21 ) is locked by a detent spring ( 23 ) and
the month day wheel ( 21 ) drives a month wheel ( 24 ) connected to a month hand ( 25 ) via a 12 to 1 ratio, whereby
the control brings the hands into the desired position corresponding to the time by driving the stepper motor and thus the hands until the correct month is displayed first, then the correct day of the month and finally the correct day of the week ( Fig. 4a, 4b). 6. Calendar according to claims 3 and 4, with a stepper motor as a drive, the weekday wheel ( 28 ) or the day of the week pointer ( 29 ) is switched with a step of the stepper motor for a day, characterized in that
the weekday wheel ( 28 ) drives a ratchet wheel ( 30 ) with a constant gear ratio of 8 to 7, so that one revolution of the ratchet wheel ( 30 ) when the weekday wheel ( 28 ) is rotated by one revolution and a weekday, which is an angle of 360 ° + 1 / 7.360 corresponds, and thus the switching wheel ( 30 )
during the entire rotation of the weekday wheel ( 28 ) by 7/8 of 360 ° and
while rotating the weekday wheel ( 28 ) by 360 ° / 7 by a switching angle W of 1 / 8,360 ° = 45 °
and the switching wheel ( 30 ) is equipped with a switching pin ( 31 ) which engages in the toothing of the month-day wheel ( 32 ) equipped with 31 teeth during the rotation of the switching wheel ( 30 ) by the switching angle W and this engages around a tooth and the day of the month ( 34 ) thus rotates a day of the month further, at which the switching pin ( 31 ) of the switching wheel ( 30 ) does not engage in the toothing of the day wheel ( 32 ) the day wheel ( 32 ) is locked by a detent spring ( 33 ) and
the month day wheel ( 32 ) drives a month wheel ( 35 ) connected to a month hand ( 36 ) via a 12 to 1 gear ratio and
the controller drives the weekday wheel ( 28 ) so that the range of the switching angle W passes quickly and is not used for display and
the control brings the hands into the target position corresponding to the time by driving the stepper motor and thus the hands until the correct month is displayed first, then the correct day of the month and finally the correct day of the week and the correct day section ( Fig. 7 and 9a-9c). 7. Calendar according to claims 3 and 4, with a stepper motor ( 74 ) as a drive, wherein the weekday wheel ( 75 ) or the weekday pointer ( 76 ) is switched one step of the day with a step of the stepper motor, characterized in that
the weekday wheel ( 75 ) drives the monthly day wheel ( 77 ) via a translation with a constant transmission ratio of 31 to 1 or an integer multiple of 31 to 1 and
a day of the month on the day of the month scale must cover at least one area covered by the day of the month hand ( 78 ) during one revolution of the day of the week hand ( 76 ) and
the monthly day wheel ( 77 ) drives a monthly wheel ( 79 ) connected to a month hand ( 80 ) via a 12 to 1 gear ratio and
Means for manually setting the hands into a defined position expected by the control are present, which consists of an adjusting device ( 84 ), which acts on the day of the month and the month hand, from a slip clutch, which actuates the day of the week ( 76 ) when the setting device ( 84 ) and there is a button ( 86 ) connected to the control, whereby
the hands are brought into a defined position by the control unit driving the stepping motor ( 74 ) at approximately one step per second until the button ( 86 ) is actuated in a defined position of the day of the week and then the day of the month ( 78 ) and month ( 80 ) with the setting device ( 84 ) in a defined position and the control is informed of this by pressing a button and
after manual time programming, the control brings the hands into the desired position by driving the stepper motor and thus the hands until the correct month is displayed first, then the correct day of the month and finally the correct day of the week and the correct time of day ( Fig. 21, 22a, 22b, 23, 24, 25). 8. Device for the weekday and month display for a calendar according to claim 1, characterized in that
the control via an electric drive and a gear drives the day of the week hand ( 39 ) and the day of the month ( 40 ), with 7 steps or an integer multiple of 7 steps of the drive causing the day of the week hand ( 39 ) to circulate and between the day of the week and day of the month there is a gear ratio of 31 to 7 and
the actual position of the gearbox is brought into line with the target position by the control setting the drive and thus also the day of the week ( 39 ) and day of the month ( 40 ) until the correct day of the week and the correct day of the month are displayed ( Fig. 10). 9. Calendar according to claims 1 and 8, with a stepper motor as a drive, characterized in that the stepper motor
drives the day of the week ( 39 ), day of the month ( 40 ) and month ( 41 ) via a gearbox, and the gear ratios of the gearbox are selected such that
with 7 steps of the stepper motor one revolution of the weekday hand ( 39 ),
with 31 steps of the stepper motor one revolution of the month hand ( 40 ) and
after 12 revolutions of the day of the month hand, the hand of the month ( 41 ) rotates and the control updates the pointer positions according to the elapsed time by setting the stepper motor until the current day of the month, the current day of the week and the current month are displayed ( Fig. 12a- 12c). 10. Calendar according to claim 3, characterized in that the controller drives two stepper motors SM1 ( 42 ) and SM2 ( 44 ) and stepper motor SM1 ( 42 ) via a gearbox the weekday pointer ( 43 ) and stepper motor SM2 ( 44 ) via a gearbox the day of the month. ( 45 ) and the month hand ( 46 ) drives, the gear ratios must be selected so that
the weekday hand ( 43 ) rotates after at least 14 steps of the SM1 stepper motor ( 42 ),
one revolution of the month hand ( 45 ) takes place after at least 31 steps of the stepper motor SM2 ( 44 ),
the month hand ( 46 ) rotates after 12 turns of the day hand ( 45 )
and the controller brings the hands into the desired position by driving the step motor SM1 until the correct day of the week is displayed first and then the correct day segment and drives the step motor SM2 until the correct month and then the correct day of the month is displayed ( Fig. 13a, 13b). 11. Use of a clock case ( 60 ) for table or wall clocks, which was designed for the installation of a quartz clockwork manufactured in standardized dimensions for receiving a calendar movement ( 61 ) of a calendar manufactured in standardized dimensions according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 , 7, 9 or 10 ( Figs. 5a-5c, 6a, 6b). 12. Calendar according to claim 3, which is equipped with means for detecting the transmission status, characterized in that
a passive clockwork ( 67 ) is connected to the control ( 1 ) of the calendar via a connecting cable ( 68 ) and
the movement drives an hour hand ( 71 ), a minute hand ( 70 ) and optionally a second hand ( 69 ) and
the hands rotate around a common center and
an hour and minute scale ( 72 ) is assigned to them, the two scales extending over 360 ° and being arranged concentrically to one another on a dial ( 73 ) and the clockwork ( 67 )
one or more electric drives ( 62 ) which drive the hour hand ( 71 ), the minute hand ( 70 ) and, if appropriate, the second hand ( 69 ) via a gear ( 63 )
Gearbox position detection means ( 65 )
includes and the drive (s) ( 62 ) and the means for detecting the transmission status ( 65 ) are connected to the controller ( 1 ) of the calendar and the controller ( 1 ) carries out additional program steps which
determine the gearbox status of the clockwork by communication with the means for recognizing the gearbox status and store it in gearbox status registers for the clockwork,
count every step of a drive of the clockwork and update the gear register for the clockwork
taking into account the time in the time registers, the gear ratio of the movement and the assignment of the gear positions to the parameter values shown on the scales, continuously calculate the target position of the hour, minute and, if necessary, the second hand,
set the drive or drives of the clockwork until the actual position of the hour, minute and, if applicable, the second hand stored in the gear register for the clockwork matches the target position ( Fig. 17, 18a, 18b). 13. A method for manual programming of the control of a calendar according to claim 3 with the parameters month, day of the month, day of the week with time of day and possibly the distance from the leap year, wherein

• 1. 13.1 as a means for manual time programming
• 2. 13.1.1 a button and connected to the control
• 3. 13.1.2 the weekday hand ( 10 ) is used and
• 4. 13.2 the conditions must be met that the day of the week ( 10 ) of the calendar
• 5. 13.2.1 dominates the monthly day scale ( 13 ) and the monthly scale ( 15 )
• 6. 13.2.2 and can be moved forward in such a step size that enables the controller to clearly point it to each day of the month on the day of the month scale ( 13 ) and to every month on the month scale ( 15 ),

characterized in that

• 1. 13.3 the day of the week pointer ( 10 ) is used in a later process step to visualize the parameter values, in which case
• 2. 13.3.1 the visualization of a leap year by pointing to the limitation between Sunday and Monday of the weekday scale ( 11 ), the first, second or third year after a leap year by pointing to a position of the weekday scale ( 11 ), the 90 °, 180 ° or 270 ° from this position,
• 3. 13.3.2 the visualization of a month by pointing to one of the 12 months on the monthly scale ( 15 ),
• 4. 13.3.3 the visualization of a day of the month by pointing to one of the 31 days of the month on the day of the month scale ( 13 ) and
• 5. 13.3.4. the visualization of a day of the week with time of day takes place by pointing to one of the 7 week day segments and a time of day within this weekday segment on the day of the week scale ( 11 ) and
• 6. 13.4 the programming mode of the control is activated by pressing the button in a predetermined manner and
• 7. 13.5 the programming of the parameters takes place in succession in a predetermined sequence, the programming of a parameter being carried out by
• 8. 13.5.1 the controller drives the weekday pointer ( 10 ) so that the weekday pointer ( 10 ) successively visualizes the values of this parameter by
• 9. 13.5.1.1 the controller quickly start a value with the weekday pointer ( 10 ),
• 10. 13.5.1.2 stay there for a time in the range of about 0.5 to 1 s and
• 11. 13.5.1.3 then start the next value as long as
• 12. 13.5.2 until the key is pressed at a set value, this value being considered selected and saved by the control in the time registers
• 13. 13.6 and after programming all the parameters after a further actuation of the key the time counting begins and the control quickly sets the pointers to the target position corresponding to the programmed time ( Fig. 19a-19d).