DE1006705B - Mineral additive for feed containing vitamins - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

The invention relates to additives of so-called trace elements that are used for addition to fat-soluble vitamin-containing additives to poultry and livestock feed.

In the animal feed sector, various minerals are added to poultry and cattle feed common. There are z. B. many such feed mineral additives incorporated, the mixtures of different Represent substances such as B. Limestone, steamed bone meal, dicalcium phosphate and salt. Such Minerals are added to poultry and livestock feed in large quantities compared to those added so-called trace elements, added. The most commonly added trace elements are Manganese, copper, iron, cobalt and iodine compounds. Additions of these trace elements are common for pig and cattle feed, and all but cobalt will be regarded as necessary additives to poultry feed.

It is also common to add fat-soluble vitamins, especially vitamin A, to poultry and livestock feed and D to add. Feed manufacturers often want to buy additives for their feed, which contain both the fat-soluble vitamins and minerals, and this is particularly relevant the case of trace elements.

Most minerals have on vitamins A and D and other fat-soluble vitamins, such as. B. Vitamin E, especially in the types of vitamin and mineral supplements requested by manufacturers a detrimental effect, as in these additives the concentration of minerals is natural is significantly higher than in the finished feed. The trace elements destroy in particular the fat-soluble vitamins, especially vitamin D.

Vitamin A is very easily subject to oxidative destruction even in the absence of minerals, although minerals do accelerate the oxidation of vitamin A. As mentioned above, vitamin D is also easily broken down when it comes into contact with various minerals. Numerous attempts have been made in the past to produce oxidation-resistant preparations of fat-soluble vitamins, but such attempts have mostly not been very successful. There are z. B. highly resistant to atmospheric oxygen additives of fat-soluble vitamins have been produced by mixing a fat-soluble vitamins-containing material with a usually solid waxy substance with a melting point of at least 45 °, an edible antioxidant and a vegetable meal at elevated temperature. This mixture is then formed into many small, solid, spherical particles. The fat-soluble vitamins are in this mineral supplement
for feed containing vitamins

Applicant:

Nopco Chemical Company,
Harrison, NJ (V. St. A.)

Representative: Dr.-Ing. F. Wuesthoff, Dipl.-Ing. G. Pulse

and Dipl.-Chem. Dr. rer. nat. E. Frhr. v. Bad luck man,

Patent Attorneys, Munich 9, Schweigerstr. 2

Claimed priority:
V. St. v. America April 2, 1954

Melvin Hochberg, Livingston, NJ (V. St. Α.),
has been named as the inventor

rank against the oxidizing effect of the air very resistant and are extremely resistant to the degrading effects of most mineral mixtures. It however, it was found that vitamin D in such preparations is sometimes due to the trace elements is adversely affected, especially if the trace elements in the vitamin D-containing Preparations are available in relatively high concentrations.

The aim of the invention is to provide trace elements in an easy way for poultry and livestock digestible form without affecting the stability of any fat-soluble ones mixed with them Vitamins is adversely affected. You already have mineral salt solutions or suspensions with you Flour or starch mixed and the mixture dried by the spray drying process. In which However, the mineral salts were not so securely shielded that they were not after some time the powder obtained Time to exert their catalytic effect on sensitive components of the feed mixture.

The mineral additive according to the invention consists of a large number of small, solid, granular particles, the majority of which are so large that they pass through a sieve with a mesh size of 1.19 mm, but be retained by a sieve with 0.25 mm mesh size, each particle being an intimate Mixture of, first, a usually solid wax

609 & 69/65

3 4

like substance with a melting point of at least Table I.

37 °, secondly a plant meal and thirdly a λ / ιό «™« ,, - »- α λ ι no τ- -ι

.., ....... ι τ- » " 1 λ t ividiiiddiHj-X.ycL. OJL, Vo JL rush

or more for normal nutrition than emergency copper hvdroxvd 2 236

maneuverable trace elements. _Rotes Ej _senox y _d 34Ί9

^ The expression "usually solid, waxy 5 Stabilized Potash Niodide

Substance here means glycerides, other fatty acids (90% potassium iodide and

esters, free fatty acids, vegetable waxes, mineral £ q "/ ₀ calcium stearate) 1278

waxes and similar substances or mixtures of substances containing cobalt carbonate! ......... 0 ^ 3195 ""

have a melting point of 37 or above.

Such substances also include hydrogenated fats and 10 The resulting mixture was a very fine powder

oils, such as hydrogenated coconut oil, hydrogenated cotton and constituted the usual type of trace element

seed oil, hydrogenated peanut oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, a mixture and is not yet an embodiment of the

hydrogenated fish oils, fatty acids such as stearic acid; present invention. Mineral waxes, e.g. B. Various earth waxes;

Vegetable waxes, e.g. B. Carnauba wax, candelilla 15 Example 2 wax and ouricury wax, and animal waxes,

such as B. beeswax. A preparation according to the invention has now been made Plant flours that can be used include soy by melting 8.5 parts of a microcrystalline bean flour, Corn flour, cottonseed. NEN wax with melting point 77 °, then flour, flaxseed flour, wheat germ flour, maize - 20 Add 35 parts of the preparation according to Beimehl, Lucerne leaf flour, wheat bran, rice bran, oat game 1 to the melted wax and thorough and peanut flour can be used. Preferably mixing the two components by vigorous should stir most of the particles of the plant used and then add 16 parts Flour a sieve with 0.84mm mesh size (8 mesh soybean meal while maintaining the Temje Centimeters). 25 temperature above 77 ° and effective stirring. Every trace element that you put into the finished product was then stimulated from the three components. or wishes to mix in cattle feed, stagnant mixture is removed from the heat source and can be allowed to cool slowly while continuing to stir for the preparation of the preparations according to the invention, can be used. As stated above, the resulting preparations are according to the invention the most common trace elements in such feed 30 was a grainy, dust-free flour, whose Manganese, copper, iron, cobalt and iodine compound particles, the majority having a diameter of fertilize. 0.25 to 1.19 mm. For the production of the preparations according to the invention. . The usually solid wax egg to be used is spewed

like substance until it is completely liquid 35 Another preparation according to the invention was used

heated. The trace element or elements are then used in the same way as the product of Example 2

and the vegetable meal was added to the waxy substance with the exception that it was used

given and by vigorous stirring a uniform microcrystalline wax here a melting point

possessed moderate mixing of minerals in the preparation of 88 °,

achieved. The trace elements are the usual 4 ° Ti "'Γ4

borrowed waxy substance before adding the vegetable "

flour added, even if the consequence of the addition was another preparation according to the invention can optionally be reversed. After thorough in the same way as described in Example 2, herlicher Mixing of the additives is allowed to take place with the exception that the microcrystalline Continue stirring the formulation slowly 45 wax through a fully hydrogenated soybean oil cooling down. The preparation obtained is a replaced, granular, dust-free flour, the granules of which to ". -ic for the most part a sieve with a mesh size of 1.19 mm eispie

happen and from one with 0.25 mm. Another preparation according to the invention was made

Mesh size are retained. 50 prepared according to Example 2 with the exception that

The relative proportions of the three additives the microcrystalline wax through a waxy one

the preparation can vary a little. Preferred paraffin was replaced,

The trace elements amount to 30 to 70% by weight. . . ,

Percentage of the preparation that usually spit solid wax eggs

Like substance 10 to 20 percent by weight and the 55 In this example, the influence of the mineral-vegetable meal was 20 to 50 percent by weight of the admixtures according to Example 1 to 5 on the resistance preparation. ~ water-soluble vitamins are determined by the fact that the products manufactured in this way are easy to use ₃ in such vitamin to fat-soluble vitamins. Mineral mixtures under difficult test conditions

Certain specific implementation examples of the gungen examined.

Invention are illustrated below, all of which were used to conduct this study

Proportions are given in percent by weight. first a vitamin-antibiotic mixture of the following

65 prepares the components:

Example 1 ^ 146 g of a preparation containing vitamin A,

A mixture of trace elements, as it was produced for those in such a way that a vitamin

Addition to poultry and cattle feed usually contains amine-A-containing material, usually a solid one

is applied, was made by mixing the following waxy substance with a melting point of at least

Components manufactured,. -: 70 45 °, an edible antioxidant and vegetable meal

mixed at a higher temperature and then the mixture is shaped into small spherical particles containing 10,000 USP (United States Pharmacopoeia) units A / gram.

2. 26.25 g of a riboflavin mixture containing 40 g of riboflavin per 454 g on a soybean flour carrier contained.

3. 79.3 g of a mixture containing 25% nicotinic acid amide in a carrier extracted from solvents Contained rice bran flour.

4. 38.2 g calcium pantothenate mixture with 12.5% d-calcium pantothenate in a carrier of with Solvent extracted rice bran flour.

5. 1540 g of choline chloride mixture containing 25% choline chloride in a carrier of dried Corn distiller's dried grains.

6. 4.13 g of 80% procaine penicillin powder on a carrier made of fuller's earth.

7. 187.5 g of a raw fermentation product which _{contained 16 milligrams of vitamin B 12} in 454 g, and

8. 2370 g of solvent extracted rice bran flour.

Each of the preparations according to Examples 1 to 5 was mixed with a portion of the vitamin-antibiotic mixture and with a _{substance containing vitamin D 3} by adding a _{substance containing vitamin D 3} , a usually solid, waxy substance with a melting point of at least 45 °, an edible antioxidant and vegetable meal mixed at a higher temperature and the mixture formed into small, solid, spherical particles. This vitamin D ₃ preparation was guaranteed to contain 15,000 international chicken units of vitamin D ₃ per gram. The actual D ₃ content of the preparation exceeded this amount by about 30%, since the supply of about this excess of vitamin D ₃ is customary for such products .

The five preparations produced in this way, designated as products A to E, contained the additives in the following weight ratios:

Tabel II product
B. product
C. product
D. product
E. additive product
A. 175.7
4.42
10.46
9.24 175.7
4.42
10.46
9.24 175.7
4.42
10.46
9.24 175.7
4.42
10.46
9.24 Multivitamin-Antibiotic Mixture ....
Vitamin D "supplement 175.7
4.42
6.15
13.55 Mineral additive according to example 1
Mineral additive according to example 2
Mineral additive according to example 3
Mineral additive according to example 4
Mineral additive according to example 5
Extracted rice bran flour

The only major difference between these five mixtures was that the trace elements in product A were in their original powdered form, while in products B, C, D and E were mineral additives according to the invention. All five products contained the same amounts of Trace elements.

The five products were all manufactured in such a way that, due to the guaranteed content of the vitamin D ₃ preparation, they contained 150,000 international chicken units of vitamin D ₃ per 454 g of the mixture. Samples of all five products were stored at 37 ° and after IV2 and 3 months at this temperature samples were taken for analysis for vitamin D ₃ . The analyzes were carried out biologically on rats according to the USP method. The following table summarizes the results:

Table III
Vitamin D _{3 found} (IU 454 g each)

Examined After IV2 months After 3 months product at 37 ° at 37 ° A. < 150,000 B. 150,000 150,000 C. 150,000 150,000 D. 150,000 150,000 E. 150,000 150,000

These data explain the significantly increased stability of vitamin D ₃ in the antibiotic multivitamin-trace element mixtures as a result of the treatment according to the invention of the finely divided trace elements. In the case of product A, after a storage time of IV2 months at 37 °, the biological analysis showed an average healing effect of 1.5, compared with a healing effect of 4.8 in a group of rats which had received the theoretical dose of vitamin D, which corresponded to the amount that should have been present in product A if vitamin D had not been broken down. This indicates the loss of a considerable part of the originally present vitamin D, and in fact the product tested may not have contained more than 75,000 IU per 454 g at the end of a storage period of IV2 months.

Example 7

To investigate the digestibility of the mineral additives according to the invention, a so-called Tracer method used. Two water-soluble vitamins, thiamine and riboflavin, were used as tracers used. These consisted of finely ground powders and were made with the trace elements before Addition to the new mixture of substances. The mineral supplement with the two vitamins became five Test subjects administered orally in gelatin capsules and then urinary excretion of thiamine and riboflavin determined and compared with the excretion which is equivalent after the same administration Amounts of the two vitamins were obtained in unprotected form. This method of measuring digestibility has been used frequently in similar additions and is described in the chemical literature (see "Physiological Availability of the Vitamins" by Oser, Melnick and Hochberg, Analytical Edition Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol. 17, p. 405, July 15, 1945). details of the test are described below.

The following composition of matter was produced:

Table IV

Mixture according to Example 1 35.0 g

Microcrystalline wax (F 77 °) 10.67 g

Soybean meal 16.0 g

Riboflavin 4.47 g

Thiamine hydrochloride 4.47 g

The wax was melted and the minerals and vitamins added with stirring. Keeping warm soybean meal was added to the mixture and then the whole mixture was allowed to cool while stirring calmly. The end product resembled the products according to Examples 2 to 5 in appearance. It contained additional items Wax, so that the ratio of the total amount of wax to the sum of the minerals and vitamins is the same as was in the products of Examples 2-5.

In the biological analysis, each test person received 0.1457 g of this preparation with a content of 10 mg thiamine hydrochloride and 10 mg riboflavin administered.

The principle of this biological analysis is based on the fact that normal test persons without vitamin deficiency when taking a consistent diet a certain normal low level of excrete water-soluble vitamins in the urine. If you now have an additional dose of vitamins in standardized Form administered, a relatively fixed one over the course of the next 24 hours Fraction of the additional dose also excreted in the urine.

In the digestibility analyzes described here, the normal daily excretion was determined without additional Vitamin addition noted. This is called the basic elimination. The elimination continued within 24 hours after adding 10 mg thiamine and 10 mg riboflavin, mixed with Soy flour and sealed in easily soluble gelatin capsules, determined. Eventually it was excretion after adding equivalent amounts of the two vitamins in the form of their digestibility products to be examined. The under these three conditions in this investigation of The amounts excreted in the urine of the five test persons are listed in the following table:

Table V

Excretion of the water-soluble vitamins in the urine in mg in 24 hours The degree of availability can be determined separately for each vitamin by subtracting the basic excretion of the elimination values determined after each experiment and division of the difference the treated vitamins by the difference in the untreated vitamins and multiplying by 100 can be calculated as follows:

1.15
0.87

483

35

40

45 1.09 - 0.22 = 0.87 1.37 - 0.22 = 145

100 = 1320 / d availability of thiamine

5.54-0.92 = 4.62 5.75-0.92 = 4.83

100 = 105% availability of the riboflavin

These calculations give a vitamin availability of 132% for thiamine and 105% for riboflavin. In the case of thiamine, an availability of 100 to 140% is often found when coated Vitamin is tested because the coating appears to have a protective effect in the gastrointestinal tract.

It is well known that the digestive tract in poultry and livestock is more efficient than the digestive tract in humans. Since the invention Composition of substances Minerals in a completely available for humans Contained in form, the minerals in such compositions are also suitable for poultry or livestock completely absorbable.

Example 8

Another composition of matter of the present invention was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, but with the difference that the soybean meal is thoroughly heated with the microcrystalline wax was mixed, whereupon the trace elements the liquid mixture of Wax and soybean meal were added.

Example 9 The product of Example 8 was found to be very good

person

Basic elimination

After adding
of vitamins
in soy flour

After adding the vitamins in accordance with the invention
preparation

Thiamine

1 0.20 1.08 Riboflavin 6.00 1.77 2 0.16 0.66 1.17 5.20 1.63 3 0.22 1.01 0.78 5.56 0.97 4th 0.22 1.63 1.01 5.36 1.23 5 0.27 1.06 0.67 5.56 1.27 average 0.22 1.09 0.96 5.54 1.37 0.92 1 7.05 2 6.97 3 3.84 4th 5.10 5 5.79 average 5.75

effective for the addition of trace elements to vitamin supplements by mixing this product with a multivitamin-antibiotic mixture similar to that described in Example 6, with the exception that the vitamin D ₃ of Example 6 is replaced by vit-

amine D _{2 was} replaced and procaine penicillin was replaced by chlortetracycline hydrochloride. Furthermore, the vitamin D ₂ content of this mixture had a guaranteed level of at least 300,000 USP units of vitamin D ₂ per 454 g with an actual level of

375,000 USP units of vitamin D ₂ per 454 g. The content of other vitamins in the mixture also differed somewhat from Example 6.

A comparative stability analysis was carried out with two mixtures, the antibiotic cultivitamins and contained trace elements and which had been produced in such a way that in one case the source of the trace elements the mixture of substances according to the invention according to Example 8 and in the other case that Standard trace element according to Example 1 was.

After one month of storage at 37 °, this was demonstrated using the trace element mixture Example 1 product produced on rats at a test height of 300,000 USP units per 454 g no antirachitic activity at all. This means that after one month of storage, this product

tion had no more than a quarter of its intended effect of 300,000 units per 454 g. That Product produced with the mineral mixture according to the invention according to Example 8 was used for 3 months at 37 ° stored. The effectiveness was at a test height of 300,000 units per 454 g according to IV2 and 3 months examined. In both cases it was found that the mineral mixture according to Example 8 produced mixture of substances contained the guaranteed 300,000 units per 0.45359 kg. It is clear that the stabilized mineral mixtures according to the invention even under very severe conditions affect the fat-soluble vitamins far less.

In this and in Example 6, the stability of vitamin A was not determined, since it is recognized that vitamins D ₂ and D _{3 are} significantly more susceptible to the degrading effect of trace elements than vitamin A.

Example 10

A composition of matter according to the invention was produced in the same way as in Example 2, with the exception that the microcrystalline wax has been replaced by beeswax and the amounts of three ingredients used 5 parts beeswax, 15 parts of the composition of matter according to Example 1 and 10 parts was soybean oil. The mixture of substances obtained was the same as the products according to Examples 2 to 5 and Example 8 were very similar and had the same excellent properties as these.

In addition to the excellent usability of the substance mixtures according to the invention for the addition from trace elements to fat-soluble vitamin-containing substances they can also be very good for adding Trace elements can be used in all animal feed or other products that contain fatty substances. It is well known that trace elements tend to show a tendency to be present in fatty substances promote rancidity. However, this is not the case with the additives according to the invention.

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. Mineral additive for feed containing vitamins, one or more for nutrition contains necessary trace elements mixed with plant flour, characterized in that the Addition of an intimate mixing of the trace element (s) with one at room temperature represents solid, waxy substance with a melting point of at least 37 ° and the vegetable meal and is in the form of small, solid, granular particles, the majority of which Particles have a size of about 0.25 to 1.2 mm. 2. Mineral additive according to claim 1, characterized in that the waxy substance is a Is earth wax or a vegetable wax or a hydrogenated glyceride. 3. Mineral additive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vegetable meal is soybean meal is. 4. Mineral additive according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the trace elements 30 to 70 percent by weight, the waxy substance 10 to 20 percent by weight and the vegetable meal 20 to 50 percent by weight. Considered publications:
German patent specification No. 854 149. © 609 869-5 4.