DD280570A1 - ROTARY PISTON MACHINE WITH RINGFUL WORKING SPACE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotary piston machine with ringfoermigem working space and non-contact sealed gas chambers as an alternative to internal combustion engines of conventional design. In rotary piston machines with ringfoermigem working space subject to the piston and thus their seals of a mutual pressurization. Using this circumstance, task-free, non-contact, labyrinth seals are used. These are under such conditions and from a certain minimum frequency of Beaufschlagungswechsel as a function of the labyrinth geometry and each fitting Druckgefaelle practically tight, as the labyrinth seals typical leakage current does not leave the labyrinth, but is driven back and forth in it. This eliminates the unavoidable friction losses at these points also for Berichtung seals. Fig. 1

Description

For this 4 pages drawings

field of use

Due to the specific advantages of this type of rotary piston mixer, (unbalance-free, low mass-power ratio), their use is particularly suitable where quiet running un i high performance with low expenditure of mass are required. In general, however, wherever there are internal combustion engines I conventional design use.

Characteristic of the known state of the art

Rotary piston machines with annular working space are known per se. Rotary piston machines of this type, as described for example in the inventions

EP 006208V F01C 1/077;

DE3204542A1 F01C 1/077;

DE3046725A1 FOIC 1/073:

DE 3444023A1 F01C 1/063

are described generally consist of two piston systems mli each at least one piston, the pistons of a piston system are alternately with the piston of the other piston system in engagement and rotate in an annular space.

For the operating principle of internal combustion engines (not gas turbines) inevitable volume variable spaces are generated by a relative movement between the two piston systems during the entire cycle, this relative movement is realized either by Zwangläufigkeit the two piston systems or by means of corresponding freewheel arrangements.

Regardless, the annular spaces have round or square cross sections.

In the case of an annular space with a circular cross-section ("torus"), it is possible to use common piston rings in the minimum ratio of annular radius radius, depending on their width, although it is important to note that a flat seal of the piston rings is only possible after one stroke certain .Einschleifzeit "is guaranteed (curvature of the lateral surface of the annulus). As a result, even the usually unimpeded relatives of the piston ring is made impossible in his seat. However, as said, this relatively simple way of sealing the gas spaces with each other requires a circular space with a circular cross-section, the production of which is very difficult in the tolerances customary today.

In the case of annular spaces with angular cross sections (for example rectangular cross-section), the individual gas chambers are sealed to one another by means of various, special sealing elements (sealing strips, sealing angles). Although these are more expensive than ordinary piston rings produce, but the production of annular spaces with square cross sections is much easier.

These seals rind but contact seals and cause due to surface contacts because of the Relativbewegi r k.ierhalb the Dichtflächenpaariingen sliding friction (friction between the contact surfaces and thus fretting or heating, and this means loss of energy).

In addition, such sliding mating to keep the fretting within reasonable limits to lubricate.

The aim of the invention is to improve the sealing conditions of this type rotary piston engine to the effect that the sealing of the individual Gasrsume with each other without sliding friction and that due to a simpler workspace geometry easier to produce annular spaces have been possible.

Explains the nature of the invention

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a rotary piston machine, in which the sliding friction between the piston and the annular jacket surface, including the associated undesirable effects canceled and the elimination of complicated sealing elements a simple annulus geometry is possible.

According to the invention this object is achieved dali where there is relative movement between the annular shell surface and piston skirt surfaces, the annular shell surface unH / or the Kolbenmanteifiächen contact-free sealing, known per se labyrinth seals. The use of labyrinth seals is in this case very contrary that prevail in the discussed rotary piston engines on the piston in principle similar pressure conditions as in double-acting reciprocating engines odor and so-called free-piston engines. This means that the piston, over whose length the labyrinth seal acts, builds up in contrast to the conventional use of the La! In one direction only (see gas and steam turbines), the pressure in each direction alternately reaches a pressure maximum at first and then at the other end of the piston.

A labyrinth seal acts on a volume flow like a throttle line, that is, it reduces its kinetic energy and thus itself by lowering its speed. Therefore, a labyrinth seal always works in this sense with a certain leakage current, which adjusts depending on the design of the labyrinth and the adjacent pressure gradient. If a labyrinth seal is now charged alternately, the application change (depending on the labyrinth geometry and the adjacent pressure gradient) C:,; Leakage current no longer leave the labyrinth and the labyrinth seal is virtually tight, while meanwhile oscillates within the labyrinth with the same frequency, a gas mass.

In order to make optimum use of this effect, it is appropriate that in such a rotary piston machine, all the gas spaces of an annular space also have the same function, that is, there should be everywhere the same, but for the half of the gas chambers laterally offset pressure profile.

This is achieved in the following way:

Either you use a aufge'adene variant according to the 2-stroke principle (gasoline or diesel) or connecting the piston systems of an annular space so with the piston systems of an additional annular space, which takes over the pre-compression in a 2-stroke variant, that the annular space consisting of the combustion chambers is supplied via control slots or valves with precompressed working gas from the additional annular space. Within the last-mentioned variant, the ratio of the volume of the precompression space / volume of brown space can be determined quite simply in advance constructively.

Furthermore, a 4-stroke variant can be used, but then the sequence of the individual clocks must be twice as fast accordingly.

Less suitable (but in principle also possible) is a slot-controlled 2-stroke Varianto with a working space divided into combustion and pre-compression chambers, since the phase in which the pre-compression space pressure outweighs the pressure in the combustion chamber at the piston between the combustion chamber and the pre-compression chamber is considerably shorter than that within which the combustion chamber pressure exceeds the Vorverdichtungsraumdruck.

Because of the non-contact sealing of the individual gas chambers with each other, a lubrication of diesel labyrinth seals is not required and can at most affect their function.

embodiment

Reference to an embodiment, the invention will be described in detail. For this purpose, a rotary piston machine (2-stroke Vaiiante, Otto process) consisting of two R'ngräumen whose piston systems 1; 2 are each rigidly connected, selected

 Show it:

Fig. 1: oine piston of the piston system 1 in a section of the annular space for mutual pressurization with

a possible arrangement of the labyrinths; 2 shows an axial section through d> rotary piston machine; 3 shows a radial section A-A according to Fig.2; 4 shows a schematic development of the piston assembly in plan view to illustrate the operation of the

Control slots and Fig. 5: the schematic diagram of another way of connecting two annular spaces.

In the following more detailed explanations to FIGS. 2 and 3:

The one annulus V is used for precompression and supplies the other divided into combustion chambers annulus B with precompressed working gas. The Koibfinsysteme 1; 2 are designed so that they simultaneously form the annular space boundary with. In each annulus run per piston system 1; 2 two pistons in such a way that where between Kolbenmantolflächen and Ringraummantelfiäche due to the relative movement of the two piston systems 1; 2 slip would occur, a minimum gap is maintained, the pistons to achieve the sealing effect of a labyrinth seal corresponding labyrinths 4 have (Fig. 1). Thus, the individual gas chambers are sealed together without contact. For the sealing of the annular spaces relative to the environment no labyrinth seals are provided because there their positive effect due to mutual pressurization as beispicls-.veise to the piston (see description of the invention item 5) is not given. Here ordinary (wave ·) sealing rings 3 are usually used.

The fuel supply and disposal should take place in a manner known per se via the piston system 2. Also in a known manner, the relative movement between dsn two piston systems 1; 2 guaranteed; either by force or by means of appropriate freewheel arrangements

 From Figure 4 shows the timing of this rotary piston machine.

Claims (2)

1. Rotary piston engine with annular working space, consisting of two piston systems, each with at least one piston, which are in this annulus in mutual engagement and move therewith with a rotational movement of a possible total rotational movement and one of these superimposed relative rotational movement of the piston systems to each other, achieved by Zwangläufigkeit of the piston systems or by appropriate freewheel arrangements, resulting, the fuel supply and disposal can be done via one, or both piston systems or a fixed housing, characterized in that at the point where previously due to the relative movement of the piston systems (1 ; 2) to each other between the piston skirt surface (or sealing surfaces) and annular shell surface slip occurs, a minimum, the contact and thus this slip preventing gap (5) is provided and that these surfaces (annular shell surface and / or piston skirt surface) correspond de labyrinths (4) or labyrinth-like devices with the same effect. 2. Rotary piston machine according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one further annular space, the piston systems (1; 2) are rigidly connected to those of the first annulus, coaxial in the same or a plane parallel thereto is not dnet and that either using the 2-stroke principle, so that an annular space precompression and another takes over the combustion or by taking the 4-stroke principle in all gas chambers of the respective annular space are the same (for the one half of the gas chambers only offset in time) pressure gradients.