DD267880A3 - METHOD FOR THE COMMON GASIFICATION OF LIQUID AND SOLID, DUST-SOUND FUELS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the common gasification of a solid suspended solid dusty fuel and ash-containing liquid fuel in a gasification reactor, which is designed for the partial oxidation of solid, Staubfoermiger fuels with technical oxygen and optionally water vapor under elevated pressure in a flame reaction. The object of the invention is an economically favorable and verbundwirtschaftlich flexible gasification of flammable, but ash-containing liquid residues with full Gewährleistung of technical safety. The invention has for its object to develop a safety technology, control technically and technologically simple method for gasification of combustible but ash-containing residues, preferably ash-rich Teeroel residues of coal refinement. According to the invention, the ash-containing liquid fuel is fed separately and independently of the burner (s) together with water vapor via a feed device to the reaction space, so that the water vapor causes atomization of the ash-containing liquid fuel and at the same time serves as a flushing medium for the supply device the technical oxygen required for the autothermal partial oxidation of the ash-containing liquid fuel is fed to the gasification reactor together with the oxygen intended for the gasification of the dusty fuel by means of a common oxygen flow measurement and control via the pulverized coal burner (s). Fig. 1

Description

where is true

* o (3)

^X target

^λ Μ · _χ * ~ 1Γ * ^1/0

9 9

(4)

and the ratio (V _o / M ₈ ) Max is monitored by a higher level security system. Mf, M, mass flows of ash-containing liquid and solid, dusty fuel L _{F /} L, theoretical oxygen demand of ash-containing liquid and solid, dusty

Fuel V ₀ Maximum permissible volume flow of pure oxygen in addition to the burner (s)

For this 1 page drawing

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a method for the common gasification of suspended in a fluid medium, solid, dusty fuel and ash-containing liquid fuel in a gasification reactor, which is designed for the partial oxidation of solid, dust-like fuels with technical oxygen and optionally water vapor under elevated pressure in a flame reaction.

-2- 267 880 Characteristic of the known technical solutions

Known processes for the production of hydrogen and carbon monoxide rich crude gases by autothermal partial oxidation of liquid fuels with oxygen in a flame reaction are described in Chemiker-Zeitung "3 (1972), Rarely 123 to 134," Chemical Economy and Engineering Review "5 (1973 ), Soiten 22 to 28, "Ullmann, Enzyklopadie der technischen Chemie", Volume 14 (1977) Seiton 395 to 396 and in the patent DE OS 3242699.

All these methods have in common that the liquid Bronnstoff and required for the autothermal partial oxidation of the fuel technical oxygen via one or more burners zugoführt a bounded by refractory masonry, free reaction space within a Reaktorgehäusos, even if two different fuel qualities, such as Pulverized coal and oil or natural gas and oil, are gasified in a reactor (OE-OS 3534015). The conversion takes place as a flame reaction, whereby the glühondo fireproof masonry acts as pormanente ignition source. In coal processing plants and refineries liquid hydrocarbon residues accumulate with high levels of dust and mineral constituents (ash), such as dusty tea residues or hydrogenation residues. The application of the above-mentioned methods for the utilization of such ash-containing residues is problematic, in many cases even impossible, because the liquid gobs produced during the flame reaction infiltrate the refractory masonry of the reactors and destroy it. There are known, for example, for the gasification of solid dust-like fuels with technical oxygen according to the principle of partial oxidation Renktoren whose reaction space contour is cooled and bostoht, for example, arranged helically, pressurized with pressurized pipes, the reaction chamber side donated and occupied with a thin ramming layer. Such reactors resist the attack of liquid slag. However, the strongly cooled Koaktionsraumkontur does not fulfill the function of a permanent Zündquollo, which should ensure immediate re-ignition and thus safe further operation after brief disturbances in the fuel supply.

Liquid residues from coal processing or petroleum processing are produced in fluctuating quantities and with fluctuating quality. It is also not excluded that by segregation briefly a Wasserpfropfen is promoted in the supply line to a recycling facility. The use of a reactor with a cooled reaction space contour would therefore have to be equipped with a very expensive safety system, in particular for monitoring the quality and the mass flow of the liquid, ash-containing residue, which should be avoided. dangerous oxygen breakthroughs by, for example, quality deterioration of the liquid ashschaltigon residue even at relatively short-term deviations from the standard for the shutdown of Anlago would have to lead.

In another method (DE-OS 2743865) for Vorwortu'ig of residues from coal liquefaction coke is first produced from these residues in the presence of alkaline earth compounds, which is then gasified with steam. Such workup of the liquid residue is, as far as possible, associated with considerable effort.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is an economically favorable and verbundwirtschaftlich flexible gasification of flammable, but ashes, liquid residues with full assurance of technical safety.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to develop a selbstorhoitstechnlsch, control technology and technologically simple process for the gasification of combustible, but ash-containing residues, preferably ash-rich tar oil residues of coal refinement.

According to the invention this object is achieved in that the ash-rich, liquid fuel is fed to a gasification reactor, the reaction space has a cooled contour and at the same time by at least one Kohlonstaubbrennor a suspended in a fluid medium pulverulent fuel is supplied together with technical oxygen and optionally water vapor, and that the ash-containing, liquid fuel is gassed together with the dust-like Bronnstoff dome principle of autothermal partial oxidation, preferably under elevated pressure of, for example, 3.0 MPa.

Erfindungsgcndli the supply of ash-containing, liquid fuel to the gasification reactor via a separate, independent of the / the coal dust burners for the supply dusty fuel and the technical oxygen Zuführungs & device such that the ash-containing, liquid fuel is atomized with water vapor in the gasification reactor and the water vapor continues is used as the rinsing medium for the supply means for the ash-containing, liquid fuel when eggs gasification reactor is put into operation or although in a fluid carrier medium suspended solid, Staubformor fuel, not aoar ashes, liquid fuel to be gasified.

According to the invention, the feed device for the ash-containing, liquid fuel is supplied only with water vapor but no technical oxygen. The technical oxygen required for dio partial oxidation of the ash-containing liquid fuel is fed together with the technical oxygen required for the gasification of the solid, dusty fuel by means of a common oxygen metering and control over the coal dust beaker in the gasification reactor.

According to the invention, the following conditions must be met in the case of joint gasification of solid, pulverulent fuel and ash-containing liquid fuel suspended in a fluid carrier medium for reasons of technical safety:

'-Γ λ o,

o.ll

* ι L

flax "' ^Ί -

0.30 SX ₅₀₁₁ S 0.50 (4)

<1.0 (5)

IV wherein the ratio _O / M) _M "" monitored by a higher-level safety system is.

Mf [kg / h] mass flow of ash-containing, liquid fuel M. (kg / hl mass flow of dusty fuel Lf, L. Theoretical Oxygen Demand for Complete Combustion of Fuels V ₀ [m ¹ i. N./h] Maximum permissible volume flow of pure oxygen to the pulverized coal burner (s)

If these conditions are met, recovery is ashy, liquid residue? by gasification with full assurance of technical safety possible without the current measurements of quality and flow of ash-containing, liquid fuel must be integrated into the safety system. A suitable monitoring system for the quality of ash-containing, liquid fuel would have to work with dead times of a maximum of 1 s, which would be achievable only with extremely high expenditure.

In a short-term Ausfal! the ash-containing, liquid fuel (for example, by promoting a Wasserpfropfens) for the Vergamng the ash-containing liquid residue certain oxygen is fully bound by the dust-like fuel (to form H ₂ O and CO ₂ ), without oxygen in the downstream of the gasification reactor Can reach plants.

embodiment

in a gasification reactor 1, whose reaction space contour is formed by a pipe wall structure 2 with pressurized water, which is protected by a thin tamping layer, the gasification of lignite dust is carried out with technical oxygen (x _Oj = 0.95) and steam in a flame reaction under conditions of autothermal partial oxidation at reaction space temperatures of 1400 to 1800 ⁰ C and at a pressure of 2.5 to 3.0 MPa (Cl) to a hydrogen and carbon monoxide-rich crude gas. The lignite dust fluidized with nitrogen, which has a mean theoretical oxygen requirement of L, = 1.2 m ³ iN / kg, the technical oxygen and ι he water vapor are fed via a pulverized coal burner 3 to the reaction space. The pulverized coal burner ³ is for a power of 15 to 30t / h lignite dust, 8000 to 16000m ³ i. N./h technical oxygen and 1 to 3t / h steam designed. For reasons related to the economy, it is necessary to have an ash-rich tar oil residue of the composition

C 70-78 Wt .-% H 8-10 Wt .-% O 4-e Wt .-% S 0.5-1 Wt .-% N 0.5-1 Wt .-% H ₂ O 1-2 Wt .-% ash 5-15 Wt .-%

with an average theoretical oxygen demand of Lf = 1.8m ³ iN / kg of changing amount together with coal dust gasification.

The supply of the flowable by prior warming tar oil to the gasification reactor takes place together mi. Water vapor via a supply device 4 (Figure 1). The reaction conditions are by the amount of technical oxygen Vo ₂ (F6), the lignite dust amount M, (F7) and d

to regulate the amount of tar oil M _F (F8) so that the value X _So n in the reaction space is in the range of X _So n = 0.40. to

To ensure technical safety, the maximum permissible λ value is set to Xm · * = 0.80. Due to the qualities of the fuels used lignite dust and tar oil and of technical oxygen and at Compliance with the reaction and safety requirements may be the ratio of technical oxygen quantity Vo ₂

(F6) to coal dust amount (M ₁ ) (F7) maximum

, Le.

Γ ^: Ι ₀ / Max X ₀ ,

I ₁ Ol r, i ³ i .f;

This maximum permissible value of the ratio is monitored by means of Fr 9 by a higher-level security system 10 (FIG. 1).

For the Betriebsrecime the gasification reactor, a ratio of technical oxygen and lignite dust of 80% of the maximum permissible safety value (V _O , / M,) _M , _X , ie 0.80m ³ 1.N./kg determined, resulting in

Compliance with the requirement

- --if * ι>

ο ^L F ^λ Coll

a maximum possible ratio of tar oil to lignite dust of 0.39kg / kg results.

In the following Table 1, some examples of operating variants of the gasification reactor are shown taking into account the performance of the carbon dioxide incinerator:

Table 1:

No. M, M _F Vo Vo ₁ mf (T / hl [T / h] | m ³ iN / h] M. M ₁ (F7) (F8) (F6) [m ³ iN / kg | (Kg / kg] 1 15 0 8000 0.53 0 2 15 5.8 12000 0.80 0.39 3 18 3.8 12000 0.67 0.21 4 20 7.8 16000 0.80 0.39 5 25 4.5 16000 0.64 0.18 β 30 0 16000 0.63 0-

In Examples No. 1 and No. 6, the tar oil supply device 4 (Fig. 1) is wound only with water vapor amount F11 to ensure the technologically correct flow direction.

Claims (2)

1. A method for joint gasification of a suspended in a fluid medium solid, dusty fuel and a ash-containing liquid fuel according to the principle of autothermal partial oxidation under elevated pressure in a gasification reactor with cooled Roaktionsraumkontur, wherein the dusty fuel and the technical oxygen via at least one pulverized coal burner into the reaction chamber, characterized in that the ash-containing liquid fuel is supplied separately and independently of the burner (s) together with water vapor via a supply means in the reaction space that the water vapor causes atomization of the ash-containing liquid fuel and at the same time serves as a flushing medium for the feed device, and that the time required for the autothermal partial oxidation of the liquid nitrogen rschehaltigen oxygen together with the gasification of the staubförmi gen Brennstoffes certain oxygen by means of a common Sauerstoffdurchflußmessung and control over the / the pulverized coal burner is fed to the Verdampfungsroaktor. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the common gasification of solid, pulverulent fuel and ash-containing, liquid fuel under the following conditions: (1)