DD222872A1 - LARGE-LANDED LEVEL CERAMIC PLATE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates grossflaechige flat ceramic plates with a small thickness preferably for wall and roof cladding in construction. The aim of the invention is a material-, energy- and cost-effective functional appropriate grossflächige flat plate, which is characterized by the abolition of the horizontal boundary, variability of thickness, high proportion of leaning agents and low equipment costs. According to the invention, the object is achieved by a single functionally shapeable and variably formable fired layer produced from slip having about 10 to 40% of binding clay and about 60 to 90% of leaning components such as ground ceramic or natural mineral waste products. The plate according to the invention is produced by pouring slurry from a high, adjustable casting device onto an endless belt, followed by drying, mechanical working and firing at 1000 ° C.

Description

Title of the invention

Large-scale flat ceramic plate

 The field of application of the invention

The invention relates to large-scale flat ceramic plates with a small thickness for use especially in construction as cladding of external facades, for architectural / structural physical design of interior walls and 'for use as roofing tiles.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions Large area flat ceramic plates with a small thickness

can not be achieved with traditional forming processes such as dry pressing, extrusion molding, slip casting on absorbent substrates or only with many disadvantages ^ J. Affected manufacture. The main disadvantages of such produced plates are:

- limitation of the horizontal dimensions to approximately flow size with technologically determined minimum thickness;

- Technologically conditioned minimum thickness leads to increased material / Energieeinsatζ;

- Texturing of introduced masses;

- high mold and cost;

- z.T. high susceptibility to failure of the technological process. The Elephant process (electrophoretic deposition) allows the deposition of the electrically charged aggravated solid particles on a slowly

rotating drum-shaped anode to form a thin endless belt of largely

watered ceramic slip. The tape can then be cut up and burned to flat plates. The process is plant-intensive and sensitive to slip production. "The use of a high proportion of leaning agents is. not possible.

The so-called ceramic veneer (BRD-Auslegeschrift 263 9522) is produced by superimposing at least two thin ceramic slurry layers with different and coordinated shrinkage behavior. The process is specified as complicated. The coordination of the different slips and the casting of two layers increase the technological and economic

Expenditure. ,

'Object of the invention ^

The aim of the invention is a material, energy and cost tymktions fair large flat ceramic plate, preferably for wall and roof panels.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has as its object to produce functional large-format flat ceramic plates without limiting the horizontal dimensions, with resulting from the application adjustable thickness requirements and a high proportion of leaning agents simply with little equipment.

According to the invention the object is achieved by a large-scale flat ceramic plate, which consists of a single made of slip thin-walled functionally formable and variable shaped burned layer, the proportion of binding clay 10 ... 40 % and the proportion of milled Mekkungskompönenten.60 .. .90.%. The lean components are determined largely by the intended use of the plates and the resulting required properties, preferably ground-up waste products of the ceramic industry such as slices, chamotte, etc. and / or ground natural mineral waste products such as shale and basalt fracture are used.

The ceramic slurry used must be pourable, low in water and sedimentation stable, which is achieved by 'adding appropriate amounts of liquefiers, protective colloids and defoamers. , _K Slip-based panels allow, in connection with the technological process used, a wide range of variations in all dimensions of the panel.

By adding dye to the slip or applying a second colored slip layer or engobing, the plates can be colored.

Additional glazing is possible using relevant technologies.

By appropriate design of the technological equipment, the adhesive and / or outer surface of the plates can be functionally and / or decoratively designed. Thus, the adhesive and / or outer surface can be profiled, the adhesive surface with fastening and / or adhesive webs, mounting holes u.a.m. be provided.

The preparation of the plate according to the invention is achieved by the prepared ceramic slurry is poured from a casting box by a height-adjustable casting gap on an impermeable endless belt guided underneath. Width and thickness of the resulting ceramic tape can be varied by the gap dimensions and / or the speed of the endless belt.

The wet ceramic tape then passes through a drying channel which is formed over the endless belt. The drying takes place by hot air in countercurrent principle. The length of the drying channel is dependent on the composition and dimensions of the ceramic strip, the Transprotgeschwindigkeit, the flow rate and the temperature of the drying air and is approximately between 20 to 50 m.

After drying, the ceramic tape is removed from the endless belt, cut 100 times according to the desired dimensions and then fired in a continuous furnace. The attachment of adhesive / fastening webs can be either dimensioned by mechanical application appropriately

Extruded strip from the slip bed set on the ceramic tape during drying or by pouring narrow strips of slime on the pre-dried ceramic tape.

The preparation of colored outer layer panels may e.g. durch.Zwei-layer casting process by pouring a thin layer of colored Schlik-o kers on the endless belt from a first pouring box and then poured from a second pouring uncolored Schlicker of the same composition in a thicker layer.

By profiling the endless belt and / or an additional profiled roller, the adhesive and / or outer surface can be fashioned functionally and / or decoratively.

Outing at game - '

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to two embodiments.

Example of application 1 for the production of ceramic wall

12o plates:

In a jar, 15oo g of ground flow offset, 45o g of ground sintered tile breakage, 27oo g of water and; to g Polyacrylatverflüssiger given. In the presence of grinding media, it is dispersed and homogenized for 6o minutes at about 50 rpm. By applying a negative pressure, the slip is largely freed of introduced air, which reduces the porosity of the fired ceramic

The casting takes place from a casting box with ¹ adjustable

13o gap height on a band moving along underneath (doctor blade principle). The cast ceramic strip with a water content of 31% by mass and 5 mm thickness, for example, passes through a drying channel through which heated air flows in the opposite direction to the strip.

• duration depends on the composition of the offset, the thickness of the ceramic strip and the drying parameters {air temperature and humidity as well as the flow velocity) and together with the belt speed determines the length of the drying section.

14o After leaving the drying channel, the Keraraikband is divided to the desired dimensions. The fire takes place in a continuous furnace at 12oo ° C in an oxidizing atmosphere. The fired ceramic plates had the following characteristics:

1.45'Row density: 2, ο g / cm ²

Water absorption: 6.5 %. \

Porosity: 13, o % flexural tensile strength: 2o N / mm

The plate surface located on the endless belt is smooth 15o or profiled according to the top of the band. The top surface of the plate has a roughness dependent on the grain size of the lean component, which has a favorable effect on the adhesion in a composite with the supporting wall, surface.

1.55 Anv / endungsbei game 2 for the production of ceramic roof tiles:

In a grinding vessel 6oo g of kaolin (rope seat), 24oo g of ground basalt, 1o5o g of water and 1o g Polyacrylatverflüssiger be given. In the presence of grinding media is

dispersed and homogenized for 60 minutes at about 6o rpm. By applying a negative pressure, the slip is largely freed from trapped air, which reduces the porosity of the fired ceramic. Casting takes place from a casting box with adjustable

1ö5 barer gap height on a moving along underneath the endless belt (doctor-blade principle), The cast ceramic tape with a water content of 26 lä-% and 5 mm thickness, for example, passes through a drying channel , which of. heated air is flowed through against the B _a ndrichtung.

1? O The drying time depends on the composition of the offset, the thickness of the ceramic strip and the drying parameters (air temperature and humidity) and the flow rate and together with the belt speed determines the length of the drying section.

For attaching the attachment webs, appropriately sized pieces of extruded strip are removed from the offset used for the wicking

mechanically pressed onto the ceramic belt during the drying process. .. .18.0 After leaving the drying channel, divide the ceramic band according to the required amount. The fire takes place in a continuous furnace at 1o5o ° C.

Claims (9)

invention claim 1. Large-area planar ceramic plate, preferably for wall or roof panels, characterized in that it consists of a single, made of water-poor, pourable, sedimentation-stable slip educable and variably friable burned ten layer with about 1 o .. · 4o " Ό binding clay and about 6o ... 9o milled, largely determined by the puncture of the plate leaning components consists. 2. Large-area flat ceramic plate according to item 1, characterized in that are used as leaning components in particular ground waste products of the ceramic industry and / or ground natural mineral waste products such as shale and basalt fracture. 3. Large-area flat ceramic plate according to Pkt .. 1 to 2, characterized in that the outer surface can be colored and glassable. 4. Large-area flat ceramic plate according to item 1 to 3, characterized in that the adhesive and / or outer surface are functionally and / or decoratively designed. 5. A process for producing large-scale planar ceramic plates according to Pkt. 1 to 4 », characterized in that poured slip from an adjustable casting device on an endless belt guided underneath, then dried with hot air countercurrent principle, mechanically cut and fired at 1000 to 1200 ⁰ G. , 6. A method for producing large-scale planar ceramic plates according to item 5 »characterized in that the width and thickness of the Keraniikbandes are variable by the adjustable casting apparatus and an adjustable endless belt speed. 7. Process for the preparation of large flat ceramic plates according to items 5 to 6, characterized that a color, bige surface design can be achieved by a two-layer casting process with differently colored slips or engobes. 8. A method for producing large-scale planar ceramic plates according to Pkt. 5 to 7, characterized that after or during drying, one or more strips of slurry are poured onto the ceramic strip and / or extruded ceramic pieces are applied from the same offset as fixing / adhesive strips .4.5. , - 9. A process for producing large-scale planar ceramic plates according to Pkt. 5 to 8, characterized in that by profiling the 'endless belt and / or , additional profile rollers functional and / or decorative design of the adhesive and / or outer surface is reached.