DD159836A3 - JAM AND MIXING ELEMENT FOR DOUBLE SCREW EXTRUDERS - Google Patents
JAM AND MIXING ELEMENT FOR DOUBLE SCREW EXTRUDERS Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DD159836A3 DD159836A3 DD81229749A DD22974981A DD159836A3 DD 159836 A3 DD159836 A3 DD 159836A3 DD 81229749 A DD81229749 A DD 81229749A DD 22974981 A DD22974981 A DD 22974981A DD 159836 A3 DD159836 A3 DD 159836A3
- Authority
- DD
- German Democratic Republic
- Prior art keywords
- mixing
- elements
- congestion
- shafts
- mixing element
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
- B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
- B29B7/482—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with screw parts in addition to other mixing parts, e.g. paddles, gears, discs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
- B29C48/402—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
- B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
- B29B7/482—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with screw parts in addition to other mixing parts, e.g. paddles, gears, discs
- B29B7/483—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with screw parts in addition to other mixing parts, e.g. paddles, gears, discs the other mixing parts being discs perpendicular to the screw axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Stau- und Mischelement fuer Doppelschneckenextruder zur Aufbereitung von Kunststoffen. Ziel der Erfindung ist die Verbesserung der Qualitaet des Extrudates. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Schaffung eines Stau- und Mischelementes, das in variierbarer Anordnung auf den Schaftwellen zwischen foerderaktiven Zonen den Misch- und Homogenisierungsprozess optimal den Verarbeitungsaufgaben anzupassen ermoeglicht. Die erfindungsgemaesse Loesung sieht vor, die kegelstumpffoermigen Stau- und Mischelemente mit unterschiedlichen Kegelwinkeln in einer Kombination von Elementenpaaren mit gleichem Kegelwinkel zwischen foerderaktiven Zonen von Schneckenbuchsen anzuordnen,wobei die Groesse des zwischen den Mantelflaechen der Elemente vorhandenen Spaltes im Eingriffsbereich der Schneckenwellen durch auswechselbare auf den Schaftwellen angeordnete Distanzscheiben einstellbar ist.The invention relates to a storage and mixing element for twin-screw extruder for the treatment of plastics. The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the extrudate. The object of the invention is to provide a congestion and mixing element that allows the mixing and homogenization process to be optimally adapted to the processing tasks in a variable arrangement on the shaft shafts between conveyor-active zones. The solution according to the invention provides for arranging the truncated congestion and mixing elements with different cone angles in a combination of element pairs with the same cone angle between conveyor-active zones of screw bushes, the size of the gap existing between the lateral surfaces of the elements being interchangeable with the shaft shafts in the engagement region of the screw shafts arranged spacers is adjustable.
Description
SS
296491296491
Titel der ErfindungTitle of the invention
Stau- und Mischelement für DoppelschneckenextruderJam and mixing element for twin-screw extruders
Anwendungsgebiet der ErfindungField of application of the invention
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Stau- und Mischelement für Doppe!schneckenextruder mit kämmenden Sehneckenviellen zur Aufbereitung von Kunststoffen.The invention relates to a damming and mixing element for double-screw extruders with intermeshing tendon vials for the treatment of plastics.
Charakteristik der bekannten technischen LösungenCharacteristic of the known technical solutions
Die Bestrebungen bei der Aufbereitung von Kunststoffen sind dahingehend, durch vielfältige konstruktive Modifikationen der verfahrenstechnischen Wirkelemente die Prozesse des Scherens, Knetens und Mischens des Kunststoffes zu verbessern, um die Qualität des Extrudates zu erhöhen, die Mengenleistung zu steigern und die Kosten der Produktionsanlage zu senken« Bs sind Extruder.bekannt,, die zur Steigerung der Wirksamkeit dieser vorbenannten Prozesse, insbesondere zur Verbesserung des Entgasungseffektes der plastischen Masse, auf der Schneckenwelle angeordnete kegeistumpfförmige Elemente besitzen.The efforts in the processing of plastics are to improve the processes of shearing, kneading and mixing of the plastic by various constructive modifications of the procedural active elements in order to increase the quality of the extrudate, increase the output and reduce the cost of the production plant. Bs are Extruder.bekannt ,, which have to increase the effectiveness of these aforementioned processes, in particular to improve the degassing effect of the plastic mass, arranged on the worm shaft keiristumpfförmige elements.
— 2 *-- 2 * -
Diese Elemente sind unterschiedlich ausgeführt, beispielsweise mit achsparallelen Bohrungen bzw· mit am Umfang angeordneten axialen Huten, um die Masse vor der Entgasungszone umzulagern und intensiv zu durchmischen (DE-AS 2 155 855 und DE-OS 2 526 739)» Diese bekannten Elemente und ihre Anordnung auf den Schneckenwellen lassen aber nicht die angestrebten Effekte in vollem Umfang erzielen.These elements are designed differently, for example, with axially parallel bores or · arranged on the circumference axial huts to relocate the mass in front of the degassing zone and intensively mix (DE-AS 2,155,855 and DE-OS 2,526,739) »These known elements and their arrangement on the worm shafts but can not achieve the desired effects in full.
Ziel der ErfindungObject of the invention
Das Ziel der Erfindung besteht in der Verbesserung der Qualität des Extrudates bei der Aufbereitung von Kunststoffen, bzw* in der Gewährleistung gleicher Extrudatqualität bei einer möglichen Verkürzung der Lange von Schneckenwellen und Zylinder, die zur Senkung der Material- und Fertigungskosten des Extruders dienencThe aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the extrudate in the treatment of plastics, or * to ensure the same Extrudatqualität with a possible reduction in the length of worm shafts and cylinders, which serve to reduce the material and manufacturing costs of the extruderc
Darlegung des Wesens der ErfindungExplanation of the essence of the invention
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Stau- und Mischelement für den Einsatz im Doppelschneckenextruder zu schaffen, das durch eine variierbare Anordnung auf den Schaftwellen zwischen förderaktiven Zonen den Mischund Homogenisierungsprozeß optimal den vielfältigsten Verfahrensaufgaben anzupassen ermöglicht»The invention has for its object to provide a storage and mixing element for use in twin-screw extruder, which optimally adapted to the diverse process tasks by a variable arrangement on the shaft shafts between active conveying zones the mixing and homogenization process allows »
Die erfindungsgemäße lösung der Aufgabe sieht vor, das Stau-und Mischelement als Kegelstumpfkörper mit glatter Mantelfläche auszubilden und mehrere Elemente hintereinander in einer Kombination zwischen den förderaktiven Schrieckenbuchsen auf. den Schaftwellen anzuordnen.The inventive solution of the problem provides to form the congestion and mixing element as a truncated cone body with a smooth lateral surface and several elements in a row in a combination between the conveying active Schrieckenbuchsen on. to arrange the shaft shafts.
- 3- 3
229649 1229649 1
Die Stau- und Mischelemente in der Kombinationsanordnung besitzen unterschiedlich große Kegelwinkel, wobei sich stets Elementenpaare mit gleich großem Kegelwinkel entgegengesetzt auf den Schaftwellen gegenüberliegen. Durch zweckentsprechende Dimensionierung der Stau- und Mischelemente wird zwischen deren Mantelflächen im Eingriffsbereich der Schneckenwellen ein Spalt definierter Größe gebildet, in dem der geschmolzene Kunststoff dem Scher-, Knet- und Mischprozeß unterzogen wird.The congestion and mixing elements in the combination arrangement have different cone angles, with opposing pairs of elements with the same large cone angle opposite to the shaft shafts. By appropriate dimensioning of the storage and mixing elements, a gap defined size is formed between the lateral surfaces in the engagement region of the screw shafts, in which the molten plastic is subjected to the shearing, kneading and mixing process.
Zur Beeinflussung der Intensität dieses Prozesses und dessen Anpassung an die Erfordernisse der jeweiligen Verfahrensaufgabe kann die Größe des Spaltes eingestellt werden, in dem die Stau- und Mischelemente axial auf den SchaftweIlen durch Zwischenfügen von zylindrischen Distanzscheiben entsprechender Dicken und Durchmesser verschoben werden.In order to influence the intensity of this process and adapt it to the requirements of the respective process task, the size of the gap can be adjusted, in which the accumulation and mixing elements are axially displaced on the shaft walls by interposing cylindrical spacers of corresponding thicknesses and diameters.
Die Stau- und Mischwirkung der Kombinationsanordnung läßt sich durch die Anzahl der in der Kombination angeordneten Elemente einerseits und andererseits durch die Abstimmung der Größe der Kegelwinkel der Elementenpaare regeln.The congestion and mixing effect of the combination arrangement can be controlled by the number of elements arranged in the combination on the one hand and on the other hand by the vote of the size of the cone angle of the element pairs.
Die Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Stau- und Mischelementes in der Kombinationsanordnung für Doppelschnekkenextruder bestehen in der Erhöhung der Wirksamkeit des Misch- und Homogenisierungsprozesses, der die Extrudatqualität verbessert. Die variierbare Anordnung dieser Elemente in der .Kombination zwischen--förderak-tiven " Schneckenbuchsen ermöglicht die optimale Anpassung des · Extruders an die vielfältigsten Verarbeitungsaufgaben bei der Kunststoffaufbereitung,The advantages of the storage and mixing element according to the invention in the combination arrangement for Doppelschnekkenextruder consist in increasing the effectiveness of the mixing and homogenization process, which improves the Extrudatqualität. The variable arrangement of these elements in the "combination between conveying" screw bushes enables the optimum adaptation of the extruder to the most diverse processing tasks in plastics processing,
Ausführungsbeispielembodiment
Die Erfindung soll an einem Ausführungsbeispiel nachstehend näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained in more detail in an embodiment below.
Die zugehörige Zeichnung zeigt:The accompanying drawing shows:
- den Längsschnitt des Extruderzylinders mit auf den Schaftwellen angeordneter Stau·= und Mischelementen-Kombination- The longitudinal section of the extruder cylinder with arranged on the shaft shafts accumulation · = and mixing elements combination
In der Zeichnung ist eine Kombinationsanordnung von vier Stau- und Mischelementenpaaren 5 zwischen den förderaktiven Schneckenbuchsen 3 und 8 auf den Schaftwellen 1 im Zylinder 2 eines Doppelschneckenextruders dargestellt. Die Stau- und Mischelemente 5 sind als Kegelstumpfkörper mit unterschiedlich großen Kegelwinkeln ausgebildet und paarweise mit gleichgroßem Kegelwinkel gegenüberliegend auf den Schaftwellen 1 derartig angeordnet, daß zwischen ihren glatten Mantelflächen im Eingriffsbereich der Schneckenwellen der Spalt 6 vorhanden ist, in dem die von den Schneckenbuchsen 3 in Richtung 9 geförderte plastische Masse der Scher- und Knetwirkung unterzogen wird·In the drawing, a combination arrangement of four congestion and mixing element pairs 5 between the actively conveying screw bushings 3 and 8 is shown on the shaft shafts 1 in the cylinder 2 of a twin-screw extruder. The storage and mixing elements 5 are formed as a truncated cone body with different sized cone angles and arranged in pairs with equal cone angle opposite to the shaft shafts 1 such that between their smooth lateral surfaces in the engagement region of the screw shafts, the gap 6 is present in which of the screw bushes 3 in Direction 9 promoted plastic mass is subjected to the shearing and kneading action ·
Zwischen den Stau- und Mischelementen 5 sind Distanzscheiben 7 angeordnet, die zur Regelung der Intensität des Scher« und Knetprozesses die Größe des Spaltes 6 'durch axiales Verschieben der Elemente 5 auf den Schaft- wellen 1 einstellbar gestalten. ;' . . . '. ;Spacers 7 are arranged between the accumulating and mixing elements 5, which, in order to regulate the intensity of the shearing and kneading process, make the size of the gap 6 adjustable by axial displacement of the elements 5 on the shafts 1. ; ' , , , '. ;
Die: Wirkungsweise der Stau- und Mischelementenkombination stellt sich folgendermaßen dars The: operation of the storage and mixing elements combination is as follows dars
29649 129649 1
Im Zylinder 2 fördern in Richtung 9 die im kämmenden Eingriff stehenden Schneckenbuchsen 3 die plastische Masse in dem Misch- und Stauabschnitt. Der Misch- und Stauabschnitt besteht aus zwei Kammern (linke Zylinderbohrung; rechte Zylinderbohrung), wobei die plastische Masse von der in Pörderrichtung 9 betrachteten linken offenen Kammer aufgenommen wird»In the cylinder 2 promote in the direction of 9, the meshing engaged bushes 3, the plastic mass in the mixing and accumulation section. The mixing and accumulating section consists of two chambers (left-hand cylinder bore, right-hand cylinder bore), whereby the plastic mass is absorbed by the left-hand open chamber, which is viewed in the conveying direction 9.
Die Dreieckknetscheibe 45 die vor der rechten verschlossenen Kanmer angeordnet ist, lenkt die aus der Pörderrichtung 9 kommende Masse in die linke freie Kammer um, so daß tote Räume, in denen sich Masse absetzen kann, vermieden werden«The Dreieckknetscheibe 4 5, the front of the right sealed Kanmer is arranged directs the coming out of the Pörderrichtung 9 mass around in the left free chamber, so that dead spaces in which mass can settle be avoided "
Durch die Stau» und Mischelemente 5 wird der gesamte Massestrom ständig von der einen in die andere Kammer umgelenkt. Die d.abei auftretende intensive stoffliche und thermische Durchmischung der plastischen Schmelze wird durch die Wahl der Anzahl der Elementenpaare in der Kombinationsanordnung und durch die Größe deren Kegelwinkel bestimmt. Die Intensität der Scherung und Knetung der Masse zwischen den Mantelflächen der Stau- und Mischelemente 5 wird von der durch die Distanzscheiben 7 regelbaren Größe des Spaltes 6 beeinflußt. Die ständige Umlenkung des Massestromes in der nicht förderaktiven Zone der Stau- und Mischelemente 5 erzeugt einen Stau- und Druckaufbau in der Masse, der sich bis in die vorgelagerten Schneckenbuchsen 3.fort-, setzt. Durch diesen Massedruckaufbau wird der Homogenisierungsprozeß positiv beeinflußt.By the congestion and mixing elements 5, the entire mass flow is constantly redirected from one to the other chamber. The d.abei occurring intense material and thermal mixing of the plastic melt is determined by the choice of the number of element pairs in the combination arrangement and the size of the cone angle. The intensity of the shearing and kneading of the mass between the lateral surfaces of the storage and mixing elements 5 is influenced by the controllable by the spacers 7 size of the gap 6. The constant deflection of the mass flow in the non-active conveying zone of the storage and mixing elements 5 generates a congestion and pressure build-up in the mass, which continues until the upstream snail bushes 3.fort-. This mass pressure build-up positively influences the homogenization process.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD81229749A DD159836A3 (en) | 1981-05-06 | 1981-05-06 | JAM AND MIXING ELEMENT FOR DOUBLE SCREW EXTRUDERS |
| DE19823205428 DE3205428A1 (en) | 1981-05-06 | 1982-02-16 | Restricting and mixing element for twin-screw extruders |
| SU827772327A SU1172738A1 (en) | 1981-05-06 | 1982-03-12 | Back-pressure and mixing device for twin-screw extruder |
| CS821726A CS245731B1 (en) | 1981-05-06 | 1982-03-12 | Element of the support and shift for two-worm press |
| HU821279A HU183902B (en) | 1981-05-06 | 1982-04-22 | Gathering and mixing member for two-screw extruders |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD81229749A DD159836A3 (en) | 1981-05-06 | 1981-05-06 | JAM AND MIXING ELEMENT FOR DOUBLE SCREW EXTRUDERS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DD159836A3 true DD159836A3 (en) | 1983-04-13 |
Family
ID=5530757
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD81229749A DD159836A3 (en) | 1981-05-06 | 1981-05-06 | JAM AND MIXING ELEMENT FOR DOUBLE SCREW EXTRUDERS |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CS (1) | CS245731B1 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD159836A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3205428A1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU183902B (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1172738A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3738700A1 (en) * | 1987-11-14 | 1989-06-01 | Werner & Pfleiderer | DOUBLE SCREW EXTRUDER |
| DE4200788A1 (en) * | 1992-01-15 | 1993-07-22 | Bayer Ag | SNAIL MACHINE WITH STOCK ELEMENTS |
| DE10207145B4 (en) | 2002-02-20 | 2004-07-15 | Blach, Josef A. | Device for dispersing and melting flowable materials |
| DE10233213B4 (en) * | 2002-07-22 | 2004-09-09 | 3+Extruder Gmbh | extruder |
| KR100998619B1 (en) * | 2008-07-22 | 2010-12-07 | 신일화학공업(주) | Continuous flow extruder |
| EP2243610A1 (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-27 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast -natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO | Method and apparatus for low shear mixing of shear sensitive materials |
-
1981
- 1981-05-06 DD DD81229749A patent/DD159836A3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1982
- 1982-02-16 DE DE19823205428 patent/DE3205428A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-03-12 SU SU827772327A patent/SU1172738A1/en active
- 1982-03-12 CS CS821726A patent/CS245731B1/en unknown
- 1982-04-22 HU HU821279A patent/HU183902B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3205428A1 (en) | 1982-11-25 |
| HU183902B (en) | 1984-06-28 |
| CS245731B1 (en) | 1986-10-16 |
| SU1172738A1 (en) | 1985-08-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENJ | Ceased due to non-payment of renewal fee |