CZ355692A3 - Plant growth regulator - Google Patents

Description

Plant growth regulator

Technical field

The present invention relates to a plant growth regulator comprising substances actively interacting with certain phytohormones in plants.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In agricultural and horticultural practice, plant growth regulators are used which influence the developmental stages of growth to increase crop production or affect the appearance of plants. Most of the regulators currently used contain very low concentrations of synthetically produced phytohormones. Newer types of regulators contain some precursors that are metabolized in plants to natural phytohormones in amounts corresponding to a given degree of organogenesis. An example is N, N, N-trimethyl-2-chloroethanaminium chloride (chlormequat), which is metabolized in plants to the simplest phytohormone - ethene. Precursors of more complex phytohormones have not been used in plant mass production yet. Therefore, Eyla's attention is given to relatively simple substances that are believed to be metabolized to very potent phytohormones in plants.

Some mono-substituted benzoic acids have been studied by Aaberg B. (Swed.J.Agric. Res. 1981, 11 (3), 93-105) and found that 2-halobenzoic acids and 4-amino and 3-methoxybenzoic acids exhibit _t auxin activity. acids synergistically interact with auxins.

<However, their efficiency is very low. Higher auxinoid activity was found in a mixture of aminobenzoic acids with nitrophenols (Socha, Danielková - CS 218346). However, nitrophenols in mixtures may cause undesirable residues in crops. Therefore, new types of substances that stabilize aminobenzoic acids as possible precursors of phytohormones have been sought. 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid has a stabilizing effect. (milk), which potentiates the regulatory effect of the metabolites of the above mentioned precursors.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The subject of the invention is a plant growth regulator comprising a mixture of either 2-, 3- or 4-aminobenzoic acids and 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, both in the form of the racemate (RS) or its enantiomer (R and S, respectively) in weight ratios of 1: 100 to '100: 1. The active ingredients may also be used in the form of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts or ammonium ion salts of the formula I,

wherein R 1, R 2, R 2 or R 4 are the same or different groups selected from hydrogen or alkyl of one to four carbon atoms in the chain, or hydroxyalkyl of two to four carbon atoms, or aralkyl of seven carbon atoms.

In addition to the active ingredients, the composition also contains excipients such as surfactants, pH stabilizers, stabilizers to prevent the effects of microorganisms, air oxygen, low temperatures, and the like. The most suitable application form of the mixture according to the invention is the use of aqueous solutions or concentrates in water-dilutable solvents or even in the form of powders, pastes or tablets.

An essential advantage of the regulator according to the invention is that it acts at very low concentrations and the active ingredients of the mixture do not leave harmful residues in the plants. The regulator has a predominantly auxinoid effect and affects not only the formation of the root system, but also supports the formation of matter and the assimilation of assimilates into plant organs.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1

A mixture of 1 part 4-aminobenzoic acid and 10 parts 2-hydroxypropanoic acid (racemate R, S) was diluted with water to a solution containing 10 mg of active substances in 1000 ml of water. Cucumber seeds (Cucumis sativus 1, var. Znojmia) were immersed in the prepared solution for 6 hours. After this time, the seeds were dried between filter papers and placed in 90 mm diameter Petri dishes in which the filter paper was placed. After adding 5 ml of distilled water, the dishes were tempered for 5 to 7 days at 20 to 22 ° C. After this time, the root and germ lengths were measured and compared to control germs whose seeds were soaked only in water. It was found that the growth of germs soaked in the mixture of active substances increased substantially by roots by 85% and germs by 25% compared to control. The example shows that the active ingredient mixture has a stimulatory effect corresponding to that of auxinoids. When a solution containing 1 mg of nicotinic acid amide is used, the growth of the roots increases by only 25% and the germ is reduced by 11% relative to the control plants.

Examples 2 to 7

Further mixtures of aminobenzoic acids with 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, including their enantiomers, were tested under the conditions of Example 1. The composition of the mixtures of the active ingredients, the form of the salt, the concentrations used and the effects expressed as a relative percentage of root growth relative to the control plants are shown in the following table:

Mixture component (parts of component) Concentration used Increase / salt form / (mg in 1000 ml water) (rel.%)

Kys. 3-aminobenzoic acid (1) / sodium salt / Kys. 2-Hydroxypropane (1) (racemate) 5.0 110 Kys. 2-amincbenzo (5) / ammonium salt / Kys. 2-Hydroxypropane (200) / ammonium salt / 5.0 170 Kys. 4-aminobenzoic acid (1) (salt with N-benzyl-I, N, -dimethylamine) Kys. 2-Hydroxypropane (2) (R-enantiomer) 5.0 137 Kys. 2-aminobenzoic acid (5) / salt with triethanolamine / Kys. 2-Hydroxypropane (100) (S-enantiomer) 5.0 145 Kys. 2-aminobenzoic acid (1) / salt with 2-dimethylaminoethanolero) Kys. 2-Hydroxypropane (100) (racemate) 5.0 155 Kys. 2-aminobenzoic acid (5) 5.0 155

/ tetrabutylammonium salt)

Kys. 2-hydroxypropanoate (100) / tetrabutylammonium salt /

Example 8

The concentrate of 3.125 g of 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, 0.625 g of 2-aminobenzoic acid, 0.5 g of diisopropanolaraine, 60.0 g of propylene glycol 1500, 10.0 g of propylene glycol and 25.85 g of water was diluted 1: 100O. Dilute solution was used to treat the tomatoes at the time of the first flower and then every 21 days. The total yield of well-developed fruits was 45% higher compared to control plants.

Example 9

To 50 ml of water was added 10 ml of monoethanolamine and 10.0 g of 2-aminobenzoic acid. After dissolution, 70 ml of propanediol and 200 ml of water are added and after stirring 250.0 g of 80% 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, 10.0 ml of a non-ionic surfactant. Make up to 1000 ml with water. The resulting acidic solution (pH (C 3, 8)) is preserved against microbial decomposition. By spraying from 0.5 l of concentrate in 200 l of water, winter wheat crop was treated about 10 days before planting and the same dose also after flowering. 7.45 t / ha of grain and 6.43 t / ha of grain were harvested from the land treated in this way.

Example 10

Powders containing 0.1 g of potassium 2-aminobenzoate, 10 g of 2-hydroxypropanoic acid calcium and 89.9 g of talc were used to treat the geranium cuttings. The moistened cutting surfaces of the cuttings are immersed in the powder and immediately planted in the propagating substrate. Already after three weeks, 95% of the plants have developed callus with filamentous roots, while control plants have developed only 62% of the roots.

Industrial applicability

The active compound mixtures according to the invention have a significant effect on the yield and quality of agricultural crops and are readily degraded under natural conditions. They are therefore environmentally friendly.

Claims (1)

Plant growth regulator characterized in that it contains a mixture of 2-, 3- or 4-aminobenzoic acids and 2-hydroxypropanoic acid both in the form of the racemate (R, S) and as pure enantiomers (R and S, respectively) by weight _With ratios of 1: 100 to 100: 1 in the form of -; and / or (a) the ammonium ion salts of formula I wherein R R, R j, Rg, or R ^ are the same or different groups selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or alkyl of one to four carbon atoms in the chain, or hydroxyalkyl groups; two to four carbon atoms in the chain, or an aralkyl of seven carbon atoms in the group.