CZ307266B6 - An acoustic and thermal insulant, especially for the construction industry - Google Patents

Abstract

The acoustic and thermal insulant, especially for the construction industry, consists of a slurry, air-curable mixture containing a bulk thermal insulating material having a specific volumetric weight of less than 300 kg/m3, brick dust, water glass, water and detergent. The insulant may be used as an insulating material for filling cavities of construction blocks, or cavities created during the construction of a pre-wall to the existing wall in family homes.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to acoustic and thermal insulators.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Various insulation mechanisms are used to increase the thermal and acoustic insulation properties of the building walls. One of the most commonly used masonry blocks are fittings that are commonly manufactured with cavities, the so-called cavity brick fittings. Cavity brick fittings are in some cases filled with insulating material that further enhances the thermal and acoustic insulation properties of these fittings. A number of insulating materials are used to fill the hollow brick fittings which exhibit good thermal and acoustic insulating properties.

Foam, expanded and unexpanded plastic materials, granules of perlite, polystyrene or vermiculite or glass beads, for example, are most commonly used for filling brick cavities. As another possible insulator, a fly ash / waterglass mixture is used to form a geopolymic mixture. A disadvantage of filling cavities of hollow brick blocks or blocks with foam is the soiling of the ribs between the openings, which need to be cleaned after filling in order to ensure sufficient adhesion of the building binder to the brick surface. Cleaning the surface of such brick blocks will prolong and make their production more expensive. When filling cavities with granular material, such as polystyrene or glass beads, there is a problem how to fix loose insulating material in the cavities. Furthermore, the use of glass beads is very expensive. When using perlite in cavities of brick building blocks it is necessary to count on its high water absorption, ie consequently long-term moisture, which makes the insulation material heavy and unsuitable. Another disadvantage of simply placing the insulating material into the cavities of the fitting is the additional high purchase cost of a special type of insulator, which seems to be the most suitable for a given construction. It is also known to insert mineral wool blanks into the cavities of the fittings, which is laborious in terms of processing and handling.

Utility model CZ 28229 describes a hollow brick fitting with formed thermal and acoustic insulating openings, wherein at least a part of the insulating openings is filled with acoustic insulating filler. The filling consists of a loose sound insulating material arranged in a closed or semi-closed package. Loose sound insulating material is sand or perlite placed in a paper or plastic package in the form of a package or box. The containers can be filled and inserted into the sound-insulating holes of the hollow brick fittings at the construction site when each row is matured. The disadvantage of this solution lies in the complicated assembly of the hollow brick fitting thus described, including the extra material needed to form the insulating material packages, which increases the cost of manufacturing the insulating fitting, and further requires careful supervision of site workers when inserting fillers into the fittings.

If additional insulation of an existing wall is required, another option is to create an insulating wall on the outside or inside of an existing brick wall of the building, thereby creating a multi-layer structure of the perimeter wall or partition with improved thermal and acoustic insulation properties. In the cavity formed in the space between the existing wall and the wall made of gypsum plasterboard or bricked with flat ribs is placed an insulator, which can be crushed, loose or loose, such as polystyrene, perlite or, for example, mineral wool, blown cellulose or fibreboard or the insulating material may be formed from a polystyrene sheet formed as a mating counterpart to the brick fitting. The disadvantages of these constructions are that the insulation materials are complicated to place and their purchase costs are high.

- 1 GB 307266 B6

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the invention to provide an acoustic and thermal insulator, in particular for the construction industry, which removes the above-mentioned drawbacks, which is simple to apply, exhibits perfect thermal and acoustic insulation properties and minimizes acquisition costs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The aforementioned drawbacks are overcome by an acoustic and thermal insulator, particularly for the construction industry of the present invention. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The insulator is a slurry of air-curable composition containing 5 to 76 wt. % of the bulk thermal insulation material having a specific gravity of less than 300 kg / m &^lt; ³ > % of brick dust fraction 0.001 to 1 mm, 6 to 30 wt. % water glass, 7 to 30 wt. % water and up to 5 wt. detergent. The slurry is prepared according to the specified recipe directly on site, thereby ensuring the freshness and appropriate consistency of the mixture that is required for insertion into the fitting cavity or into the cavity between the wall and the wall. The rheological properties of the mixture thus prepared allow for a smooth and complete filling of the cavity. After the slurry has hardened, the insulator is hard, has a solid structure and, due to its composition and arrangement in the cavity, exhibits excellent thermal and acoustic insulation properties.

In a preferred embodiment, the particulate heat insulating material is expanded polystyrene or expanded perlite or crushed polyurethane foam or crushed foam glass or hollow glass beads or crushed expanded vermiculite or crushed foam polypropylene. The loose thermal insulating material is selected from the group of materials with very low bulk density and high thermal resistance, which are the basic filler of the insulator. The materials used for the preparation of the slurry are recycled raw materials from construction operations, which are used to reduce the burden on the environment, which is very desirable today. Loose expanded polystyrene can be recycled, for example, from brick fittings with integrated polystyrene insulating liner.

The slurry of the air-curable composition preferably further comprises 23 to 34 wt. % cement and / or 23 to 34 wt. blast furnace slags. These binder materials provide mixtures of more advantageous rheological and thermal and acoustic insulating properties, characterized by a high degree of sound absorption, very low diffusion resistance and very good dimensional stability in the temperature range of -20 ° C to +70 ° C.

In a preferred embodiment, the slurry of air-curable composition comprises 12.8 wt. % of bulk polystyrene with a bulk density of 15 kg / m ³ , 35.5 wt. % of brick dust, 29.8 wt. % water glass, 19.4 wt. % water and 2.5 wt. detergent. This arrangement provides a mixture with a density of 71 kg / m ³ . Once cured, the insulator has a red color, is highly cohesive and provides excellent thermal and acoustic insulation properties.

In another preferred embodiment, the slurry of air-curable composition comprises 74.6 wt. Crushed foam glass with a specific bulk density of 230 kg / m ³ , 10.3 wt. % of brick dust, 7.1 wt. % water glass, 7.3 wt. % water and 0.7 wt. detergent. This arrangement provides a mixture with a density of 299 kg m ³ . Once cured, the insulator has an orange color, is cohesive and provides excellent thermal and acoustic insulation properties.

The advantages of an acoustic and thermal insulator particularly useful in the construction industry of the present invention are in particular its easy application into cavities, the insulator composition being formed from recyclable raw materials, resulting in low purchase costs, the insulator further exhibiting excellent insulating properties and low thermal conductivity there is a significant increase in thermal resistance and an increase in air sound insulation of the fittings. Another advantage of the insulator is its good sound absorption, which in a suitable design contributes to the improvement of the room acoustics of the rooms.

-2 CZ 307266 B6

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

It is understood that the specific embodiments of the invention described and illustrated below are presented by way of illustration and not by way of limitation of the invention to the examples given. Those skilled in the art will find or will be able to provide, by routine experimentation, more or less equivalents to the specific embodiments of the invention described herein. These equivalents will also be included within the scope of the following claims.

The main component of the air-curable acoustic and thermal insulator of the present invention is a free-flowing thermal insulating material having a specific gravity of less than 300 kg / m ³ , such as expanded polystyrene, expanded perlite, crushed polyurethane foam or crushed foam glass; hollow glass spheres or crushed expanded vermiculite or crushed foamed polypropylene, brick dust as a waste of brick cloth, water glass, water and detergent. Further, the composition may comprise cement or blast furnace slag. The following examples show different compositions of the slurry of acoustic and thermal insulator.

To prepare a slurry of an acoustic and thermal insulator, first, the bulk thermal insulating material is mixed, for example loose polystyrene with detergent in water. This results in wetting of the polystyrene, whereby the polystyrene exhibits better insulating properties. Subsequently, brick dust from the abrasion is added to the mixture followed by water with water glass. The mixture thus prepared is subsequently mixed and more easily introduced into the cavities.

Example 1

The insulator consists of a slurry containing:

loose polystyrene with specific density 15 kg / m ³ brick dust water glass with silicate module M _s = SiO ₂ / Na ₂ O 1-1,6 water detergent Etoxon EPA

12.8 wt.

35.5 wt.

29.8 wt.

19.4 wt.

2.5 wt.

The resulting mixture has a bulk density of 71 kg / m ³ , has a red color after curing and is highly cohesive.

Example 2

The insulator consists of a slurry containing:

loose polystyrene with specific density 15 kg / m ³ brick dust cement water glass with silicate module M _s = SiO ₂ / Na ₂ O 1-1,6 water detergent Etoxon EPA

6.2 wt.

23.5 wt.

25.4 wt.

24.1 wt.

20.2 wt.

0.6 wt.

The resulting mixture has a bulk density of 136 kgm &^lt; ³ >

Example 3

The insulator consists of a slurry containing:

Crushed foam glass with a specific gravity of 230 kg / m ³

74.6 wt.

Brick dust water glass with silicate module M _s = SiCo / NajO 1-1,6 water detergent Etoxon EPA

10.3 wt.

7.1 wt.

7.3 wt.

0.7 wt.

The resulting mixture has a bulk density of 299 kg-m ^{< 3 >} , after curing it has an orange color and is cohesive.

Example 4

The insulator consists of a slurry containing:

loose polystyrene with specific gravity 15 kg / m 'brick dust blast furnace granulated slag water glass with silicate module M _s = SiCi / NajO 1-1,6 water detergent Etoxon EPA

5.8 wt.

25.9 wt.

32.7 wt.

24.0 wt.

10.5 wt.

1.1 wt.

The resulting mixture has a bulk density of 138 kg-m &^lt; ^{3 &gt};, after curing it has an orange color and is cohesive.

The slurry thus prepared can then be introduced into the cavities of the brick cavity fittings. After placing the slurry in the fittings, the mixture cures in air and the insulator becomes cohesive and solid. The walls and walls walled from these fittings subsequently show excellent thermal and acoustic insulation properties. Another possibility of using the slurry prepared according to the above examples is for example to be placed in a cavity formed between a pre-wall made of ceramic fittings and an existing wall of the building structure. After placing the mixture in the cavity, it cures and the solid insulator exhibits excellent insulating properties.

Industrial applicability

An acoustic and thermal insulator, particularly for the building industry according to the present invention, can be used as an insulating material for filling cavities of building fittings or cavities formed during the construction of the wall to the existing wall in family houses, which significantly increases the thermal and acoustic insulation properties of the building.

Claims (5)

An acoustic and thermal insulator, in particular for the building industry, characterized in that it consists of a slurry of an air-curable mixture containing 5 to 76% by weight of water. % of the bulk thermal insulation material having a specific gravity of less than 300 kg / m &^lt; ³ > % of brick dust fraction 0.001 to 1 mm, 6 to 30 wt. % water glass, 7 to 30 wt. % water and up to 5 wt. detergent. Acoustic and thermal insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the bulk thermal insulating material is expanded polystyrene or expanded perlite or crushed polyurethane foam or crushed foam glass or hollow glass beads or crushed expanded vermiculite or crushed foam polypropylene. -4GB 307266 B6 Acoustic and thermal insulator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the slurry of air-curable composition further comprises 23 to 34 wt. % cement and / or 23 to 34 wt. blast furnace slags. Acoustic and thermal insulator according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the slurry of air-curable mixture contains 12.8 wt. % bulk polystyrene with a bulk density of 15 kg / m ³ , 35.5 wt. % of brick dust, 29.8 wt. % water glass, 19.4 wt. % water and 2.5 wt. detergent. An acoustic and thermal insulator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the slurry of air-curable composition comprises 74.6% by weight of the composition. Crushed foam glass having a specific gravity of 230 kg / m ³ , 10.3 wt. % of brick dust, 7.1 wt. % water glass, 7.3 wt. % water and 0.7 wt. detergent.