CZ235995A3 - Cleansing agent and process for preparing a synthetic detergent cube - Google Patents

Abstract

A detergent composition which is suitable for making into bars for personal washing comprises: (a) 10-60 %wt of a synthetic, non-soap detergent; (b) 10-60 %wt of water-soluble material which is neither soap nor a non-soap detergent and which has a melting point in the range 40 DEG C to 100 DEG C; and (c) 5-50 %wt of water-insoluble material which is neither soap nor a non-soap detergent and which has a melting point in the range 40 DEG C to 100 DEG C. The content of water, if any does not exceed 20 %wt of the composition and better is less than 15 %wt. The materials (b) and (c) serve to give structure to the bars. The compositions can be prepared by melting together the above-mentioned components at a temperature of 50-100 DEG C, without the conventional energetic working. Desirably the molten mixture contains less than 20 %wt material, other than synthetic, non-soap detergent, which does not enter the liquid phase. The melt can be cast into bars or cooled, milled, plodded and stamped into bars.

Description

Detergent and method for producing a synthetic detergent bar *

Technical field

The invention relates to synthetic detergent (detergent) bars and detergent compositions which can be formed into bars.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Washing bars can be classified into soap bars, mixed active bars containing a significant proportion of soap, and thirdly into synthetic detergent bars containing little or no soap.

Conventional soap bars contain a large proportion, typically 60-80% by weight, of a fatty acid soap. Fatty acid soaps are selected to provide a balance between soluble and insoluble soaps that provide desirable functional properties in terms of foam formation and cube structure. Conventional soap bars are made by grinding, ramming and pressing a semi-solid soap mass and other ingredients.

Bars are known which contain a mixture of soap and synthetic detergent in which the amount of soap may be less than the amount of synthetic detergent, but still remains a significant component of the bar content. In such bars, as in conventional soap bars, the content of soap and particularly insoluble soap contributes to the structure and physical properties of the bar.

A third category is synthetic detergent bars, often known as Syndet bars, which contain no soap or a small amount of soap and the detergent active is predominantly or fully synthetic, non-soap detergent. In general, such cubes contain a substantial proportion of a non-detergent substance that provides the bar with a structure. Such structurants are normally water insoluble and include such as starch or kaolin. The bars also often contain a plasticizer: known plasticizers include stearic acid and cetyl alcohol. PCT 92/13060 discloses a Syndet bar comprising a long chain alkyl sulfate, water and a three component plasticization system containing free fatty acid, monoglyceride and polyethylene glycol. Bars containing polyethylene glycol are also known from U.S. Pat. Nos. 3687855 and 2987484. The first discloses iodine-containing germicidal bars in which polyethylene glycol facilitates the homogeneous distribution of the active germicidal compound and detergent throughout the bar. Polyethylene glycol is mentioned as a filler in U.S. Pat. No. 2987484 for cubes manufactured by a closed die compression process which involves the use of a molten mixture of active ingredients.

Known surfactants used in Syndet bars include primary alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, betaines, sarcosinates, sulfosuccinates, and isethionates. These Syndet bars with little or no soap content are traditionally manufactured by thoroughly elaborating a physical blend of structuring agent, plasticizer and surfactant, i.e. both soluble and insoluble ingredients, in a high shear mixer until the final product it is not sandy, crispy. Then the mixture is formed into syndet cubes.

The known process has several drawbacks in that the physical mixing step is carried out in a single vessel and requires an efficient mixer.

The present inventors have now found that by introducing a new composition, Syndet cubes can be produced by a process that avoids the known in-depth processing step.

In contrast to the prior art compositions and processes, the invention relates to additives that melt at suitably available temperatures, but above the temperatures encountered when using Syndet bars. As a result, the necessary perfect mixing of the mixture of all the ingredients of the bar can be achieved by simply mixing them in

- when the composition is in a liquid state, rather than relying on thorough processing to achieve a perfect blend of the solids mixture.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a detergent composition which is in the form of a synthetic detergent bar, or can be formed into such a composition, the composition comprising:

(a) 10-60% by weight of a synthetic, non-soap detergent; 5-50% by weight of a water-insoluble structuring agent which is neither a soap nor a soap-free detergent and whose melting point is in the range of 40 to 100 ° C; and (d) 0-20% by weight of water.

It is desirable that the content of the substance, if present, from said synthetic non-soap detergent (a), which does not melt below 100 ° C, be less than 20% by weight of the composition.

In many embodiments of the invention, the synthetic detergent content (a) will fall within the range of 10 to 50% by weight. Preferably, the composition will contain a certain amount of water which will be from 3% or 5% to 20% and more preferably at most 15% by weight of the composition.

From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that a significant component of the composition of the invention

The invention is a water-soluble substance which melts at a temperature between 40 and 100 ° C and serves as a structuring agent for the bar. Such a substance helps to provide the desired properties, in particular that the bar is in the form of a solid solid.

It will also be appreciated that the composition of the bar can tolerate the presence of a substance that does not melt below 100 ° C. Such a substance may also serve as a structuring agent. However, it is not necessarily required and may be completely absent. If such a substance is present, the molten composition will not be fully liquid at temperatures above 100 ° C unless the non-melting substance dissolves in the other substances present. The authors have found that a moderate amount of non-melting substance can be dispersed in the molten composition, which remains sufficiently fluid to be mixed without thorough processing. As will be mentioned below, this substance, which disperses but does not melt, may be at least a portion of non-soap synthetic detergents (a) and / or other substances different from this category.

Suitable synthetic detergents (a) are: alkyl ether sulfates; alkyl ethoxylates; alkylglyceryl ether sulfonates; α-olefin sulfonates; acyltaurides; methylacyltaurates; N-acylglutamates; acylisethionates; anionic acyl sarcosinates; alkylphosphates; methylated glucose esters; protein condensates; ethoxylated alkyl sulfates; alkylpolyglucosides; alkylamine oxides; betaines; sultains; alkylsulfosuccinates; dialkylsulfosuccinates; acylated lactylates and mixtures thereof. The above-mentioned detergents are preferably those based on C ₈ -C ₂₄ alkyl and acyl groups, and more preferably C ₁₀ -C ₁₈ alkyl.

In many embodiments of the invention, the amount of synthetic detergent (a) may range from 10 to 50% by weight. Preferably, at least 20% and at most 40% are preferred.

Some of the above synthetic detergents, especially acyl isethionates, are less water soluble than others. When a low solubility detergent is used, it is preferred to mix it with another synthetic detergent. Cleaner

Thus, according to the invention, the acylise (a) may optionally be free of detergent. In some embodiments of the present invention, more than about 10% by weight of the composition, e.g., 5% to the invention, comprises a greater amount of the alkylisethionate of the composition.

The laionate in the synthetic detergent ova together with the other synthetic finding does not form acylisethionate more than 9.5%. However, other embodiments, e.g. up to 30% by weight

The water-soluble structuring agent (b) requires its melting in the temperature range of 40 ° C to 100 ° C in order to be melted to produce the desired cube composition, but also to occur in a solid state at temperatures at which the cube will be used. . Its melting point is preferably at least 50 ° C and particularly preferably in the narrower range of 50 ° C to 90 ° C.

Substances which are considered as water-soluble structuring agents (b) are polyalkylene oxides of slightly higher molecular weight and a suitable melting point, especially polyethylene glycols or mixtures thereof.

The polyethylene glycols (PEG) to be used may have a molecular weight in the range of 1500 to 10,000. Such polyethylene glycols have been found to improve the wear rate of the bars. Obviously, this is because their long polymer chains remain entangled even when the bar composition is wetted during use.

When such polyethylene glycol (or any other water-soluble polyalkylene weight) is used, the amount thereof is preferably 1% and i or 4.5% by weight of the composition. These substances with a higher amount of other water-soluble structurers polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 1500 to / high molecular weight> high molecular weight oxides: 5%, preferably 1% or 1.5% to 4%, can generally be used together with other substances ( b) such as the above 10 000.

Certain block copolymers of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide melt at temperatures in the desired range of 40 to 100 ° C and may represent some or all of the content of the water-soluble structuring agent (b). Preferred herein are block copolymers in which the polyethylene oxide represents at least 40% by weight of the block copolymers. Such block copolymers can be used in mixtures with polyethylene glycol or other water-soluble structuring agents.

The total amount of water-soluble structurant (b) is preferably from 20% to 50% by weight of the composition.

Water insoluble structurants (c) also require a melting point in the range of 40 to 100 ° C, more preferably at least 50 ° C, in particular 50 to 90 ° C. Suitable substances which are particularly contemplated are fatty acids, especially those having a carbon chain of 12 to 24 carbon atoms. Examples include lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidonic and behenic acids and mixtures thereof. The sources of these fatty acids are coconut, cut-top, palm, palm kernel, palm kernel and tallow fatty acids, and partially or fully hardened fatty acids or distilled fatty acids. Other suitable water-insoluble structurants include C8-C20 alkanols, especially cetyl alcohol. These substances generally exhibit a water solubility of less than 5 g / l at 20 ° C.

The relative proportions of water-soluble (b) and water-insoluble (c) structuring agents determine the rate at which the bar wears in use. The presence of a water-insoluble structuring agent tends to prolong the dissolution of the bar when exposed to water during use, thereby reducing the rate of wear.

The total amount of component (c) is preferably from 10% to 40% by weight of the composition.

A water-insoluble substance that does not melt below 100 ° C may serve as an additive

7The structure of the cube. Water insoluble non-melting agents may be present as a requirement.

be defined that the content (if below 100 ° C is less than 20%

If a water-insoluble structurant (c) not present below 100 ° C is present, it may preferably be selected from plant or mineral materials. Starches, including cereal starch, are preferred from plant materials, while mineral materials are preferred from canola and limestone. The ratio of the water-soluble structurant (b) to the total water-insoluble structurant may optionally be in the range of 2 # or 1: 1 to 3: 1 or 5: 1.

Certain soap, i.e., salts of monocarboxylic chains of 8 to 22 carbon atoms, may be included in the scope of the invention. The amount should not exceed 10% by weight of fatty acids of the length of the compositions according to the composition.

The authors have found that if water-insoluble soap is present, this is beneficial for reducing the rate of wear of the bars. Such water-insoluble soaps are salts of saturated fatty acids having long chain lengths, in particular of 16 and 18 carbon atoms. Preferably they are at temperatures above 100 ° C and therefore fall into the category of synthetic detergent melting above 100 ° C.

of from 16 to 22 carbon atoms, such as sodium salts. It melts at (e), which are different from the soap bar, it is desirable for the composition, for example, to fall by weight.

If the composition is comprised of water, the amount thereof does not exceed 10% by weight over a range of 3 to 9.5% by weight, preferably 5 to 9% by weight.

It is preferred to include a combination of polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 50,000 to 500,000 as at least a portion of the soluble structurant (b) and a water insoluble soap to form at least a portion of the insoluble material (c). The use of these substances in combination has been found to improve the wear rate of the cubes and also provide a good tactile effect perceived when handling the cubes during

-8They use.

When using such a combination, the preferred amounts, based on the weight of the composition, are 4 to 9.5% water insoluble soap and 1.5 to 4.5% polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight in the range of 50,000 to 500,000.

Substances which may be contained but do not melt below 100 ° C may be classified as

a non-soap synthetic detergent which does not completely liquefy at temperatures below 100 ° C, such as acyl isethionates;

soap, especially water-insoluble soap, which does not melt at temperatures below

100 [deg.] C .;

- other water-insoluble substances which do not melt below 100 ° C.

Suitably, non-synthetic detergents which are water-soluble but do not melt below 100 ° C are absent or used only in amounts so small that they do not exceed 10% and preferably do not exceed 5% by weight of the composition.

It is desirable that the total amount of second and third category substances (i.e., non-soap synthetic detergents) do not exceed 20% by weight of the composition. The total amount of substances that do not melt below 100 ° C should not exceed 50% by weight of the composition, preferably less than 40% or 30%, or even 20%, and should not be so large that the melting composition ceases to be miscible.

The bar formulations of the present invention will usually contain water, but the amount of water is only a fairly small proportion of the bar. Larger amounts of water reduce the hardness of the cubes. It is preferred that the amount of water does not exceed 15% by weight of the cubes, for example lying in the range of 3% or 5% to

14.9% of their weight.

The cubes of the present invention may be useful adjuvants The substances contained in the invention provide additional benefit to the basic cleansing effects of the agents are: skin conditioners are long-chain aliphatic alcohols and waxes, phospholipids, lanolin, antibacterial opacifying agents (opacity), electrolytes, perfumes, solar filters, fluore-preferred skin-acting agents include and / or glycerol.

optionally contain so-called relatively small amounts that can be cube. Examples of such include emollients, such as vegetable oils, essential oils, palms and medical ingredients, pearlescent agents, scents and colorants. K Silicone oils, mineral oils is presented by the method of production of meshes:

According to another aspect of the present invention, a synthetic detergent bar comprising: (i) preparing a liquid mixture of synthetic structurants and optionally water at a temperature of 50 wherein said composition comprises less than 20 hours of non-soaped synthetic soap detergent up to 100 ° C and more preferably from 50 ° C to 90 ° C, by weight of the substance different from the molten liquid phase, (ii) cooling the product of step (i) to a temperature at which it becomes a solid, and (iii) shaping the product of step (i) ) into cubes.

The liquid mixture may be a one-way system may be an isotropic mixture while a multi-phage or liquid-crystal dispersion system. The composition can be by subsequently heating the composition to a molten state or by heating the components and then mixing them or more phases. One phase of the spoons may contain either an emulsion prepared by mixing the ingredients and when it is further mixed,

Step (i) may be carried out in a stirred and heated vessel.

A -10U composition which contains a fatty acid or a mixture of soap and fatty acid and also comprises a polyalkylene oxide, begins a suitable process by melting the fatty acid in a heated stirrer vessel. After stirring, polyalkylene oxide was added. At this stage, any soap is formed in situ by partially neutralizing the fatty acid.

Additional non-soap detergent is added. The result is a macroscopically homogeneous molten mixture in which not more than 50% solids are present.

Step (ii) is preferably carried out in a cooled, grooved cylinder, which may be part of a cooled mill.

Minor additives and auxiliary agents may be added at this stage, between steps (ii) and (iii).

Step (iii) may comprise grinding, upsetting and compression, or optional grinding followed by compression of the material into cubes.

In another possible embodiment of the invention, the liquid mixture of step (i) is cast into molds. The casting step can be used to form a log that is further processed into cubes or to directly form the cubes. When the product is cast into bars, the steps of (ii) and (iii) are combined; the molds used can form a final pack of the cubes, or the cubes can be extracted and repacked from the molds.

In order that this invention may be further understood, it will be described with reference to the following illustrative examples.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1

The ingredients listed in Table 1 below were reported in percent by weight to produce a material consisting predominantly of liquids. When cooled formed solid, generally cuboid cubes from the mixture. jednokostkový lis. The same mixtures were also hot melt.

Table 1 was melted at 80 ° C to the phase. All amounts at room temperature were (A) and (B), and were used in cubes using casting

AND (B) SLES 3EO ^X 21% 21% stearic acid 10% 20% cetylalkohol 10% - PEG 4000 ^ 50% 50% water 8% 8% perfume 1% 1%

* SLES 3EO refers to sodium lauryl ether sulfate with an average of 3 ethylene oxide residues

PEG 4000 refers to a medium molecular weight polyethylene glycol

000.

Both cast fused and pressed cubes had acceptable Syndet cubes properties.

Example 2

The substances listed in Table 2 below, in percent by weight, were co-melted with miscible liquids. The liquid melt was poured all the quantities given at 80 ° C to form a pumpable, die-forming mold and

-12 allowed to cool to form solid cubes, i.e. the cubes were cast from the melt. Acceptable cubes were thus obtained.

Table 2

2A 2B 2C 2D aerosol OT ^x 21 45 25 50 PEG 4000 37 25 37.5 25 stearic acid 37 25 37.5 25 water 5 5 0 0

^x OT aerosol is dioctylsulfosuccinate

Example 3

The substances listed in Table 3 below, where all amounts are by weight, were melted together at 80 ° C to form a pumpable, miscible liquid. The liquid melt was cast into bars as in Example 2.

The amount of each melt was formulated into cubes in various ways. The melt was cooled by passing through a cooled three-roll mill. Small amounts of perfume, opacifying agent, and fluorescent agent, together representing less than 2% by weight of the composition, were added. The resulting composition was milled again, passed through a vacuum ram, and pressed to the desired die form using a hand press.

Table 3

3A 3B 3C 3D SLES 3EO PEG 4000 stearic acid water 14 40 40 6 21 35 35 9 28 30 30 12 14 53 27 Mar: 6

Acceptable bars were obtained by both processing methods.

Example 4

The substances listed in Table 4 below were processed into cubes according to the procedure described in Table 4

Example 2. All amounts are in wt. Containing a mixture of two detergent actives.

percentages. These cubes

14Table 4

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Coconut amidopropylbetain, from Albright and Wilson, UK

-15Example 5

The substances listed below in Table 5 were included in Example 2. All amounts are expressed in weight bars were a water-soluble structuring agent of polyethylene oxide block copolymers and Pluronic F87 poles from BASF, Germany.

processed by the procedure according to weight percent. In these, a mixture of polyethylene glycol and propylene oxide, available as

Example 6

Table 5

5A 5B aerosol OT 21 45 PEG 4000 20 May 20 May Pluronic F87 17 5 stearic acid 37 25 water 5 5

The substances listed in Table 6 below, in percent by weight, were melted together at all amounts at 80 ° C.

The first substances to be heated and melted were PEG 4000 and stearic acid. After melting, a small amount of sodium hydroxide was added to neutralize a small portion of stearic acid to sodium stearate. The remaining material was then added and mixed to form a pumpable, homogeneous liquid.

Each melt was cooled by passage. Then 1% perfume and 0.3% titanium dioxide was added through a cooled three-roll mill.

as opacifying agent; and

The resulting composition was ground, rammed and compressed using a hand press to the desired die form.

Table 6

6A 6B 6C 6D SLES 3EO 11 11 10 10 DEFI 18 33 20 May 20 May CAPB 1 5 1 1 PEG 4000 35 25 36 36 PEG 100,000 4 4 0 8 stearic acid 22nd 13 20 May 20 May sodium stearate 4 4 8 0 water 5 5 5 5

Example 7

The substances listed in Table 7 below were made into bars according to Example 3, where the melt was cooled in a mill, packed and compressed into bars. All quantities are given in percent by weight. These bars contained a mixture of three detergent active substances.

-17Table 7

7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F SLES 3EO 10 9.56 9.22 1 3.42 9.96 9.6 DEFI 17 16.2 15.68 3 1.26 29.87 28.83 CAPB 1 0.96 0.92 and , 72 4.53 4.37 PEG 4000 33 31.53 30.43 2 3.68 22.63 21.84 PEG 100,000 4 3.82 3.69 2 , 8 3.62 3.5 stearic acid 21 20.1 19.37 1 2.32 11.77 11.36 sodium stearate 4 3.82 3.69 2 , 8 3.62 3.5 water 10 14 17 1 3 14 17

Components 7C and 7F provided the compositions too soft to process while the remaining compositions could be processed into solid bars.

Example 8

Many of the compositions of the previous Examples were tested for their fineness using a zein test, generally as described by Gotte in Proc. Int. Cong. Surface Active Subs. 3, 89-90, 4th edition, Brussels, 19β4. The assay determines the amount of amino acids dissolved under precisely determined conditions from the zein. Dissolved material is determined by nitrogen determination.

The results were as follows:

resource number dissolved nitrogen 3A 0.08 3B 0.13 3C 0.16 4D 0.11 4G 0.1 4K 0.11 6A 0.12 6C 0.05 6D 0.05 7D 0.2 80/20 coconut / oily soap 0.73 DOVE commercial cube Syndet based on DEFI 0.22

The low solubility values of the zein in the bars of the present invention show very good fineness.

Jt

Claims (9)

PATENT CLAIM 1. A cleaning composition comprising: (a) 10 - 60% by weight of a synthetic, non-soap detergent; (b) 10 - 60% by weight of a water-soluble or non-soap detergent and a 100 ° C point of non-soap; (c) 5-50% by weight water insoluble or soap-free detergent and its 100 ° C point, and a non-soap substance melting in the range of 40 ° C to (d) 3-20% by weight water. The cleaning composition of claim 1, wherein the amount of component (a) is 10 to 50% by weight. learning by that 3. A detergent composition according to claim 1, wherein the amount of water is 5 to 14.9% by weight of the composition2, characterized by%. A detergent composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the content of a substance other than said synthetic non-soap detergent which is not liquefied at a temperature of less than 100 ° C is less than 20% by weight of the composition. A cleaning composition according to any one of the claims, wherein component (b) comprises 10,000 polyethylene glycol or a mixture of such polyethylene glycols. U1 to 4, having a molecular weight of 1 500 to 4 -206. A detergent composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein component (b) comprises polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 50,000 to 500,000 in an amount of 1% to 4.5% by weight of the composition. A cleaning composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein component (c) is selected from the group consisting of lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidonic and behenic acids and mixtures thereof. 8. A detergent composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprising water insoluble soap in an amount of from 3% to 10% by weight of the composition. 9. A detergent composition according to claim 1 in the form of a bar. 10. A method of making a synthetic detergent bar comprising the steps of: (i) preparing a liquid composition comprising (a) 10-60% by weight of a synthetic, non-soap detergent, (b) 10-60% by weight of a water-soluble substance which is neither a soap nor a soap-free detergent and has a melting point in the range of 40 ° C to 100 ° C, (c) 5-50% by weight of a water-insoluble substance which is neither a soap nor a soap-free detergent and has a melting point in the range of 40 ° C to 100 ° C, and (d) 3 - 20 % by weight of water; (ii) cooling the product of step (i) to a temperature at which it becomes solid And (iii) forming the product of step (i) into cubes.