CN87102834A

CN87102834A - Liquid refracting telescope

Info

Publication number: CN87102834A
Application number: CN 87102834
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐达
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1987-04-15
Filing date: 1987-04-15
Publication date: 1988-11-23

Abstract

The present invention is the combination of these two complete different subjects of optics and Elasticity, and in order to develop novel fully and traditional optical element---the heavy caliber liquid lens of pondering technology of breakthrough of structural principle.

Present technique is to use transparency liquid as refracting medium and utilize equal lotus (hydraulic pressure) forming technique to make the round transparent film that contains this liquid deflect into enough accurate spherical lens or make up achromat.And sphere curvature radius and focal length can be realized continuous variable by pressure regulation.This technology can be applicable on large-scale refraction astronomical telescope and other optical instrument.

Description

The present invention relates to optical spherical lens, especially for the spherical lens on the refracting telescope.The branch that the forming method of lens sphere also relates to Elasticity is equal lotus (referring to a hydraulic pressure) forming technique.

Up to now, making bigbore spherical lens, to necessarily require the uniform optical glass of quality be material.On manufacture skill, also still adopt traditional shaping process of pondering, so cycle length involves great expense and problems such as " deadweight are crooked " has become the major obstacle of lens to large-scale development.For this reason, seeking forming technique novel fully on the principle meaning could develop to some extent.

Known, the people who at first proposes liquid lens thought is the optics professor Michele of University of Rochester, USA New York, sharp () but his the liquid lens bore of development only has 1/3 millimeter, be to come moulding by voltage.At present, its purposes also is very limited, and in addition, does not also retrieve the achievement report of relevant heavy caliber liquid lens.

Purpose of the present invention promptly is to use the refracting medium of transparency liquid as lens, and develops optical element-heavy caliber liquid lens that the breakthrough tradition is pondered technology in conjunction with equal lotus (hydraulic pressure) forming technique.

Theoretic discussion is the result show, the fixing absolute gentle large deflection formed curved surface of garden plate (being transparent garden film) under equal lotus of reining in of circumference is an approximate paraboloid of revolution.Also separating radius-of-curvature, area stress and the area strain of rolling on the mean camber of having explained in certain standard simultaneously is three constants, also promptly at the approximate again sphere of certain standard negative camber.Conclusion and the solution that proposes is thus: use transparency liquid and also hold concurrently as the refracting medium of lens and be the working medium in the shaped by fluid pressure, make and contain this liquid and the fixing transparent garden film moving automatically forming method that deflects into a spherical lens under hydraulic pressure of circumference.

Further improvement of the present invention is that the combination of using the positive and negative liquid lens of various different refractivities comes correction portion spherical aberration and chromatism of position, for example the achromat of being made up of water and alcohol.In addition, when designing, heavy caliber must consider also that the deadweight of lens is crooked and because the liquid level that minute surface tilts to produce is out of shape (supporting of minute surface) problem.The former can strengthen circumference, and fixedly the inner ring of usefulness and the rigidity of trim ring are eliminated.The latter also can be by rationally selecting film thickness for use and adjusting hydraulic pressure and improve tension force on the mean camber to offset the influence of liquid level change to curvature mirror.Obviously, this lens promptly are used for just not having above-mentioned two shortcomings on the space telescope under the zero-g condition, can develop to ultra-large type in principle.

Compared with the prior art the present invention has following four advantages:

1, the shaped by fluid pressure of lens curved surface will reduce the development time and the cost of minute surface significantly;

2, there are not defects such as internal stress and refractive index be inhomogeneous in liquid lens.Shortcoming such as also do not exist general doublet objective cemented surface to be worsened and to come unstuck owing to temperature rise;

3, focal length can continuous variable, so also continuous zoom effectively of telescopic system;

4, because the combination of the harmony of the supporting of lens curved surface and moulding will help refracting telescope to large scale development.

The present invention also exists refractive index less than optical glass commonly used, so relative aperture is not as good as the glass refracting telescope, and focus is subject to temperature variation and shortcomings such as drift.

Accompanying drawing has been described one embodiment of the present of invention.

Adopt clear transparent and the isotropic acetate fiber lantern slide base (can be with industrial organic glass sheet base, surface smoothness during heavy caliber among the figure 14; Defect grades B-V II is the microcosmic accuracy requirement of two kinds of sheet bases) form outer film 1 and interior film 2, however putting metal inner ring 9 and 3 respectively between the interior outer film and between film and glass garden plate 8, after compressing, two ends just form two annular seal spaces.Again respectively with diagram elasticity water pressurizing device 4 and pressure alcohol device 5 pressure injection water purification and alcohol in two chambeies.Pressure in two chambeies can be adjusted by adjusting bolt 6 and 7.Pressure P 1 in adjusting to water cavity is greater than alcohol cavity pressure P2 and all greater than atmospheric pressure (or environmental pressure) p _oThe time, interior outer film is promptly all deflecting into spherical shape shown in the accompanying drawing under the lotus.The water-purifying cavity drum becomes-and positive lens alcohol chamber then is recessed into-negative lens.Relevant design data all has respective formula to calculate as suffered equal lotus p1 maximum defluxion fmax of garden film and the thick Tmin of minimum film etc.

The present invention is applied to successfully reflect that image quality also has Preliminary Identification on the astronomical telescope.

Claims

1, spherical lens is especially for the spherical lens on the refracting telescope.The manufacturing process of lens sphere relates to Elasticity, is formed by the fixing absolute gentle large deflection of sword garden plate (being transparent garden film) under hydraulic pressure of circumference.It is characterized in that the refracting medium of using transparency liquid and be lens is also held concurrently and is the working medium in the shaped by fluid pressure.Make and contain this liquid and fixing transparent garden film (1) and (2) of circumference.Under equal lotus, deflect into the forming method of a spherical lens automatically.

2,, it is characterized in that to use the combination of the positive and negative liquid lens of various different refractivities according to the described lens of claim 1.Come the achromat of correction portion spherical aberration and chromatism of position.

3, according to claim 1 and 2 described lens.It is characterized in that being equipped with the elasticity pressure injecting device of adjusting double-screw bolt (6) and (7).(4) and (5) control hydraulic pressure in the lens.