CN85104713A - Engine fuel - Google Patents
Engine fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN85104713A CN85104713A CN85104713A CN85104713A CN85104713A CN 85104713 A CN85104713 A CN 85104713A CN 85104713 A CN85104713 A CN 85104713A CN 85104713 A CN85104713 A CN 85104713A CN 85104713 A CN85104713 A CN 85104713A
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- fuel
- hydrocarbon
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- mixture
- methyl alcohol
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 207
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 carbon hydrogen compound Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- HDGQICNBXPAKLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethylhexane Chemical compound CCC(C)CC(C)C HDGQICNBXPAKLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GXDHCNNESPLIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylhexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)C GXDHCNNESPLIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VLJXXKKOSFGPHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylhexane Chemical compound CCCC(C)CC VLJXXKKOSFGPHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PFEOZHBOMNWTJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpentane Chemical compound CCC(C)CC PFEOZHBOMNWTJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IFTRQJLVEBNKJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylcyclopentane Chemical compound CCC1CCCC1 IFTRQJLVEBNKJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclopentane Chemical compound CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylidene Natural products CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWQPWOQUXSQDNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4-trimethylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphate Chemical class CC1=CC=C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(C)=C1C KWQPWOQUXSQDNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical group C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007233 catalytic pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004148 curcumin Substances 0.000 description 1
- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical compound COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003254 gasoline additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fuel based on methanol and/or ethanol, containing a mixture C5/C6-，C5-C7Hydrocarbons and gasolines and mixtures C4-a hydrocarbon addition.
Description
The invention relates to fuel, contain C based on methyl alcohol and/or ethanol
5/ C
6, C
5-C
7-hydrocarbon mixture and gasoline and C
4The hydrocarbon additive.
Distilled methyl alcohol, be so-called pure methyl alcohol, for many years as an alternative fuel in positive testing (Chemische Technologie(chemical technology), Winnac-ker-K ü chler, 5, Organishe Technologie(organic process) I, the 4th edition, 1981,517 pages).As being added to as additive, senior alcohol and water makes fuel in the methyl alcohol for known (NIWai, The combustion of me-thanol mixed With Water(mixes the burning of water methanol), Secnd Nato-Symposium; 4-8, Nov, 1974, D ü ssedorf)
In an older United States Patent (USP) 2,365,009, described the alcohols of 1-5 carbon atom, close the fuel that hydrocarbon polymer combines with full the closing of 3-5 carbon atom with insatiable hunger.In addition, same applicant is at United States Patent (USP) 2,404, and (United States Patent (USP) 2,365,009 part continues) described a kind of fuel in 094, and this fuel is by absolute pure methyl alcohol, anhydrous methyl alcohol of perhaps general commercial distillatory (6 examples, 8-11 is capable) and C
3-C
5Aliphatic hydrocarbon is formed.This application case also proposes a kind of 2-20%C of containing
4-or C
5The methanol fuel of aliphatic hydrocarbon, according to 5 examples, 22-27 is capable, preferentially selects the high purity carbon hydrogen compound for use.In addition, employed hydrocarbon compound also can be that the part insatiable hunger is closed, or closes hydrocarbon by insatiable hunger and formed (5 examples, 28-34 is capable).(table 1) in some instances just having-pentane iso-pentane and C as what add component
4-cut, this cut contains the butylene until 20%.According to claim 5 and 6,, also can add C for the Special Circumstances of aircraft engine fuel
5-saturated hydrocarbon mixtures.At United States Patent (USP) 2,365, ethanol and aliphatic C have also been described in 009
3-C
5The mixture of hydrocarbon polymer, aliphatic hydrocarbon not only can be saturated in the middle of this, and can be undersaturated, and has preferentially selected for use iso-pentane (claim 8 and table 1) as the hydro carbons additive.
At DE-OS2,806,673 and 3,211, in 775, some generally acknowledged effort of some examples, particularly speciality circles of other ethanol/hydrocarbon mixtures have been described, some can provide enriches alcoholic acid country, for example Brazil not only uses pure ethanol but also mixes act as a fuel (Chemical Engineering Process, 1979 with hydrocarbon (gasoline), April, 11 pages).
On the other hand, speciality circles know that lower alcohol fuel has its important peculiar shortcoming, and for example cold state is bad, and transport condition was bad when outside temperature was low, be satisfied with (particularly at low temperature) with mixing inadequately of hydro carbons, and explosive range was wide.The problem of cold starting will arrive in methyl alcohol and the low flammability of alcoholic acid and go for answer.The standard of flammability is the vapour pressure of fuel, and this vapour pressure gets (Reid)-test 38.0 ℃ of mensuration according to so-called thunder.Get a test relatively with thunder, the vapour pressure of gasoline is 700 millibars, and opposite methyl alcohol is 350 millibars.When outside temperature was lower than 15 ℃, methyl alcohol and alcoholic acid vapour pressure were very low, so that gaseous mixture may catch fire hardly.The aerial explosion limits of pure methyl alcohol is 6.75～36.7%(volume), therefore+10 ℃ and+35 ℃ between, have a kind of detonable fuel-air mixture in the automotive oil tank.Interpolation 6-9%(weight) iso-pentane makes upper explosive limit be low to moderate-7 ℃ (drivings in summer) and-20 ℃ (driving in winter), thereby has further eliminated safety problem.
In addition,, not only well be dissolved in methyl alcohol but also well be dissolved in ethanol owing to the good solubility property of iso-pentane, particularly very outstanding at low temperature.As the optimum calibration data of the vapour pressure of pure methyl alcohol (according to German engineering specification DIN 51600, fuel standard upper limit vapour pressure), confirm that be 700 millibars summer, the fuel in winter is 900 millibars (Lei De-test).In view of the problem that is proposed and prior art and nearest test, so (the 2-methylbutane is regarded as so far, and ideal adds component with iso-pentane.
Distilled methyl alcohol and iso-pentane are formed the fuel of (being known as M100), in some automobile running tests, verified, and since the several years, particularly carried out automobile running test (referring to H.Muller in the many regional small towns of the Federal Republic of Germany; 27, DGMK-Haupttagung(Germany's mineral oil science and coal Chemical Society 1982, October, 6-8 day).Though isopentanized methyl alcohol has satisfied the requirement of certain required motor spirit to a certain extent, many tests prove that beyond expectationly this fuel also has important shortcoming.Although isopentane content drops to 5-6%(weight), particularly drive in summer, when using pure methyl alcohol, vapour pressure is too high, with regard to this meaning, the unwelcome discharge gas of iso-pentane occurs as consequence, and travel, though isopentane content is used 9%(weight) in winter, but when low temperature, still vapour pressure occurs and descend, thereby when being lower than-10 ℃ at winter temperature, cold performance of starting also makes us feeling that weak point is arranged.
Therefore task of the present invention is, go for fuel based on methyl alcohol and ethanol, this fuel has cold preferably launch metrics, rideability preferably, particularly under quite high and quite low outside temperature, it is necessary the same to drive as reality, even the driving in winter does not have problems of dissolution yet: less in the exhaust of driving in summer; Explosive mixture in fuel container, do not occur, guaranteed safety traffic simultaneously.
This task according to the fuel of the present invention based on methyl alcohol, can add as many as 15%(weight in case of necessity in fuel) water obtained solution, it is characterized in that this fuel contains C
4-hydrocarbon mixture and C
5/ C
6-or C
5-C
7Hydrocarbon mixture or gasoline, wherein:
A) C in fuel
4-, C
5/ C
6-, C
5-C
7The total amount of-hydrocarbon or gasoline is a 0.1-15%(weight) or 0.1-18%(weight) or 0.1-25%(weight) and
B) C
4: C
5/ C
6Or C
5-C
7The ratio of-hydrocarbon or gasoline is 1: 500(weight) to 3: 1(weight), based on the fuel of ethanol, add as many as 25%(weight in case of necessity in fuel) water, it is characterized in that this fuel contains C
4-hydrocarbon mixture and C
5/ C
6-or C
5-C
7-hydrocarbon mixture or gasoline, wherein
A) C in fuel
4-, C
5/ C
6-or C
5-C
7The total amount of-hydrocarbon or gasoline is a 0.1-15%(weight) or 0.1-18%(weight) or 0.1-25%(weight) and
B) C
4: C
5/ C
6Or C
5-C
7The ratio of-hydrocarbon or gasoline is 1: 500(weight) to 3: 1(weight), or by of the present invention based on methyl alcohol and ethanol fuel mixture and have based on methyl alcohol and ethanol by of the present invention, contain C
4-and C
5The fuel mixture of-hydrocarbon additive.
The technician feels beyond thought, by C
4Hydrocarbon mixture is on the one hand with by C
5/ C
6-hydrocarbon, C
5-C
7-hydrocarbon or gasoline are on the other hand, with pure methyl alcohol and with undistilled industrial methanol (so-called thick methyl alcohol, the same with the ethanol of ethanol or aqueous industrial), provide fuel in the outstanding mode that does not reach as yet so far, this fuel (particularly under quite high and quite low outside temperature) has faultless cold launch metrics and rideability preferably, as actual running car essential, even drive also not have problems of dissolution in winter, less in the exhaust of driving in summer, and in fuel container, do not have volatile mixture to occur, guaranteed safety traffic simultaneously.What make especially that the people feels surprised is, the combination of desirable performance, that is to say, enough few exhaust when high outside temperature, although when low outside temperature clog-free cold launch metrics and suitable lower boiling C is arranged
4-component also can obtain safe explosion limits, although water content is quite high in the middle of this (even thereby very wet weather), also can not occur being separated in fuel mixture.Beyond expectation especially is C
4-hydrocarbons industry cut is on the one hand, C
5/ C
6-or C
5-C
7-hydrocarbons or gasoline, as in refinery and a Chemicals scope, for example these hydrocarbons of producing of ethylene unit and gasoline/toluene (BT) device are on the other hand, although the composition difference of each hydrocarbons, outstanding is suitable for.
In the refinery scope, be the cracking and the catalytic pyrolysis cut of straight chain as adducible example, cut or Mei Luokesi (Merox) cut of for example reforming in addition.But the cut that the present invention requires is not only limited to the cut of being mentioned, because as known to the skilled, by the structure difference of refinery, fuel composition of the present invention also can be obtained by other device.Can produce hydrocarbons contained in fuel of the present invention, also comprise the C that occurs with each technology cut form
4-hydrocarbons is natural.
C
4-hydrocarbon and C
5/ C
6-or C
5-C
7The total amount of-hydrocarbon or gasoline can be 0.1 to 25%(weight).C
4-hydrocarbon compares C
5/ C
6Or C
5-C
7The ratio of-hydrocarbon or gasoline can be in 1: 500 to 3: 1.The C that preferentially selects for use
4-hydrocarbon and C
5-/C
6-or C
5-C
7The ratio of-hydrocarbon or gasoline is 1: 1 to 1: 20.
Inevitable non-C in industrial cut in a small amount
4-C
7Hydrocarbon can be contained in the fuel of the present invention, be saturated whether or unsaturation non-aromatics or aromatic hydrocarbons irrelevant.
Provided C in the analysis below
4-, C
5-, C
6-and C
7The suitable cut of-mixture but is not only by each such fractions consisting according to the hydrocarbons that contains in fuel of invention in the middle of this as an example, and also by common cutting fractions consisting:
C
4-cut
C
32.4%(weight)
C
4, undersaturated 0.5%(weight)
Trimethylmethane 34.9%(weight)
Normal butane 62.0%(weight)
＞C
40.2%(weight)
C
5-cut
C
40.52%(weight)
C
5, undersaturated 1.38%(weight)
Iso-pentane 28.15%(weight)
Skellysolve A 30.31%(weight)
＞C
512.3%(weight)
C
6-cut
Normal butane 1.0%(weight)
Pentamethylene 1.6%(weight)
2-methylpentane 2.5%(weight)
3-methylpentane 3.0%(weight)
2-ethyl butylene 11.2%(weight)
Methylcyclopentane 32.0%(weight)
Benzene 29.2%(weight)
Hexanaphthene 7.4%(weight)
2-methyl hexane 1.5%(weight)
3-methyl hexane 1.1%(weight)
Other 9.5%(weight)
C
7-cut
Normal heptane 2.2%(weight)
Methylcyclohexane 15.3%(weight)
1-methyl hexene-1 1.2%(weight)
Methyl hexane 10.7%(weight)
Ethyl cyclopentane 18.2%(weight)
1,3-dimethyl 8.2%(weight)
Pentamethylene
Toluene 30.1%(weight)
2,4-dimethylhexane 4.5%(weight)
Other 9.6%(weight)
Can use common general fuel and superior fuel as gasoline, but in the middle of this, preferentially select unleaded fuel for use.According to invention, this fuel also can contain additive, as ether, and alcohols, ketone, aromatic hydrocarbons or the like.
Concerning fuel of the present invention, the same with many known fuel of selecting for use, other general components of sneaking into some amount are possible, for example C
3-, C
4-, with higher alcohols, ether (as methyl-tert-butyl ether and other ether), also can sneak into or contain ketone (for example acetone) and additional aromatic hydrocarbons in addition (as benzene, toluene and dimethylbenzene) or higher aromatic hydrocarbons, as so-called " Platformat schwer ".
So far be that the basis is the methyl alcohol of distillation processing as the methanol quality of fuel with methyl alcohol, promptly so-called pure methyl alcohol (absolute pure or purified methyl alcohol).Be known for the skilled person, the purity of relevant this methanol quality has been proposed high requirement, in the middle of this, especially in the distillation field, corresponding productive expense is essential.Because, methanol fuel particularly, certain technical problem appears, for example as corrosion and the solvency action of methyl alcohol to trolley part, as pipeline, the liner of cylinder, engine parts and material, consider that in addition pollution to environment has proposed the high request to perfect combustion, and must avoid carbon deposit, particularly in gasifier and motor, therefore think not through distilling the methyl alcohol of processing, for example in low pressure, the methyl alcohol (so-called thick methyl alcohol (not having purified methyl alcohol)) that the medium-pressure or high pressure synthesis device is produced is inapplicable.
Well-known, thick methyl alcohol is except containing until about 5%(weight) water, also contain many impurities, for example as methyl alcohol, methyl-formiate, formic acid, dimethyl sulphide, formaldehyde dimethylacetal, iron pentacarbonyl and other carboxylic acid and its ester.
The unforeseen experimental result of applicant is, opposite with prejudice according to prior art, not having distilled methyl alcohol is the outstanding fuel of the present invention that is suitable for equally, particularly considers with the contacted trolley part of fuel and considers discharge.Discovery beyond expectation, some compounds were low when CO, the discharge of NOX and hydrocarbon compared with pure methyl alcohol, following table has shown this details:
Also can use thick methyl alcohol according to invention, not have a distillatory but steam easy evaporable impurity.
Fig. 1 to 10 is used for further specifying the excellent properties of the fuel based on methyl alcohol of the present invention.
Fig. 1 represents the C that has of the present invention
4-/C
5-/C
6The vapour pressure (absolute) of-hydrocarbon additive fuel and the temperature dependence of pure methyl alcohol with thick methyl alcohol quality when summer and winter.
Fig. 2 shows identical dependence, has added C in the middle of this
4, C
5-C
7Hydrocarbon.
Fig. 3 shows identical dependence, has added C in the middle of this
4-hydrocarbon and Fuel Petroleum (octane).
Fig. 4 shows identical dependence, with ethanol/water (95.6%(weight) ethanol and 4.4%(weight) H
2O) and C
4-/C
5/ C
6-hydrocarbon is as additive.
Fig. 5 shows the dependence as Fig. 4, but uses C
4-and C
5-C
7-hydrocarbon is as additive.
Fig. 6 show with Figure 4 and 5 in identical dependence, but used C
4-hydrocarbon and gasoline are made additive.
Fig. 7 shows the relation of vapour pressure and hydrocarbon concentration with general form.
The curve of Fig. 8 corresponding figures 7 is C
5/ C
6-hydrocarbon is ethanol (a 95.6%) additive.
Fig. 9 and Figure 10 have provided the vapor pressure correlation curve of iso-pentane additive in pure methyl alcohol and thick methyl alcohol that adapts with prior art.
By means of figure fuel of the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is by pure methyl alcohol or thick methyl alcohol and C
4-/C
5-/C
6The fuel that-hydrocarbon is formed in the winter time with the temperature range-30 in summer to+30 ℃, vapour pressure, be unit with the millibar.
Shown composition in table 2, all used weight percent, this here composition should be regarded routine sample as.Particularly such composition belongs to the same category of fuel of the present invention, in these fuel, the total hydrocarbon amount that is used for summer and driving in winter is identical size as far as possible, because drive with summer in the winter time whereby, does not need or seldom need to change the adjusting of engine.This situation is equally applicable to C
4/ C
5-C
7-or C
4The mixture of/gasoline one component or hydrocarbon.The total hydrocarbon amount of preferentially selecting for use that contains in fuel of the present invention is for C
4-C
6Be 2-15%(weight), for C
4-C
7For 2-18 with for C
4/ gasoline is 2-25%(weight).
For fuel in this summer, Lei De-vapour pressure is 700 millibars, is 900 millibars for winter fuel.But the vapour pressure of fuel of the present invention can change in a suitable scope.
C
5-and C
6The quantity of-hydrocarbon all remains unchanged to all mixtures.If temperature-resistant, with the quantity mapping to the growth of hydrocarbon-additive of the Lei De-vapour pressure of the mixture of methyl alcohol or ethanol and hydrocarbon additive, then along with the increase of hydrocarbon-additive quantity, at first vapour pressure is near rising point-blank.When hydrocarbon-additive reaches certain quantity, a zone appears, and sharply descend in the increase of this regional vapour pressure, and when continuing to increase additive, almost become sea line to continue to extend.
This general situation shows in Fig. 7.To a kind of by 95.6%(weight) ethanol and C
5/ C
6The mixture that-hydrocarbon additive is formed, a single curve as shown in Figure 8.For example, if keep C
5/ C
6-total hydrocarbon amount is certain, but change C
5-to C
6The ratio of-hydrocarbon then obtains the group of curves of similar extension.Consider the stability of fuel separately, that is to say that on the one hand the least possible exhaust drives to keep the vapour pressure of desirable fuel of the present invention on the other hand in the winter time with summer, prove favourable, C
5/ C
6-or C
5-C
7The interpolation quantity of-hydrocarbon or gasoline should be selected by following method, makes transitional region be in almost horizontally extending vapour pressure zone, and as Fig. 7 represents, but here two ends still can comprise straight line elongated area partly.
The zone that in Fig. 7, has shown the hydrocarbon additive of preferentially selecting for use or especially preferentially select for use.
In Fig. 2, ordinate is methyl alcohol or thick methyl alcohol and C
4/ C
5-C
7The vapour pressure (representing with millibar) of the fuel that-hydrocarbon is formed is to (scope-30 ℃ to+30 ℃) mapping of winter, summer temp.
In table 3, provided composition, all used %(weight) expression:
For driving in this summer, Lei De-vapour pressure is again 700 millibars, for winter one fuel be 900 millibars.For all fuel, C
5-C
7The quantity of-hydrocarbon all remains unchanged.In Fig. 3, ordinate is the vapour pressure (representing with millibar) that the pure methyl alcohol or the thick methanol fuel of gasoline additive are arranged, and abscissa is that the temperature (30 ℃-+30 ℃) in winter and summer has provided composition in table 4, all uses %(weight) expression:
For fuel in this summer, Lei De-vapour pressure is 700 millibars, is 900 millibars for winter fuel.Because the gasoline-fuel (conventional fuel) on the market is in summer quality and winter quality usually, on forming is different, so quantity can not remain unchanged, and be to use the fuel and winter fuel in general summer of different quantities, but the quantity of having used the present invention preferentially to select for use according to Fig. 7 here.
Fig. 1-3 has provided beyond thought for the skilled person result.(summer, Lei De-vapour pressure was 700 millibars, and be 900 millibars winter is the common basis).
The iso-pentane that adapts with use and prior art contrasts, for using methanol fuel or alcohol fuel on the technology, compare with the corresponding vapour pressure of iso-pentane additive, driving in summer must be lower vapour pressure, for driving winter must be higher vapour pressure, and this is known.
Table 5 summarized-30 ℃ or+below 30 ℃, the vapour pressure of the fuel of the present invention that the curve of Fig. 1-3 is indicated.They show that for the skilled person, unpredictable is by fuel of the present invention, to have guaranteed a kind of outstanding vapour pressure relation.
Table 5(Lei De-vapour pressure-basis)
700 millibars (summer), 900 millibars (winter), record at 37.7 ℃
Observing pure methyl alcohol, just can determine, when adding iso-pentane, is 550 millibars for the vapour pressure that summer, fuel recorded, and for winter fuel, vapour pressure is 70 millibars.
Adding C
5/ C
6, C
5-C
7During with octane,, occurred a bit increasing slightly at 30 ℃ based on summer of pure methyl alcohol in the fuel situation.
Observe winter fuel, then can determine, for the C of the present invention's interpolation
5/ C
6, C
5-C
7Be used for actual travel with gasoline, compare with iso-pentane, the raising of vapour pressure is very big.This unforeseeable result for actual running car, has no jeopardously methanol fuel to have played conclusive effect as selecting for use fuel to use.In the situation of thick methyl alcohol, advantage of the present invention also will be given prominence to.Concerning the iso-pentane additive, the vapour pressure of driving in the winter time to obtain is 110 millibars.At C
5/ C
6-, C
5-C
7-and the octane additive, the vapour pressure that obtains increases to 30,50 and 40 millibars.
These results clearly show, compared with prior art, have obtained important unpredictalbe improvement, have both made under extreme weather condition and also can use methanol fuel.Observe the explosion limits of recording and narrating in table 6, then can determine, relevant this index with fuel of the present invention compared with prior art, is promptly compared with the iso-pentane additive, has also obtained tangible improvement.
If with Fig. 4,5 and 6 vapour pressure is compressed into row relatively at 30 ℃ (curves in summer) or-30 ℃ (curve in winter) and corresponding iso-pentane/pure methanol steam, then can determine, under thunder gets condition, with ethanol (E100) and additive C
4/ C
5/ C
6, C
4/ C
5-C
7And C
4/ Fuel Petroleum (OK) obtains a kind of good vapour pressure relation of particularly travelling in the winter time.
Table 7 has been summarized this vapour pressure.
Table 7(Lei De-vapour pressure-basis) 700 millibars (summer), 900 millibars (winter), 37.7 ℃ of mensuration
Use aqueous ethanol, for example image-tape has the weight until 80%() the biological alcohol of water, obtain similar result.
In table 8, summarized composition based on the fuel of the present invention of ethanol.
Based on ethanol, use fuel of the present invention, consider that explosion limits also obtains good result, as shown in table 9.
In Fig. 8, based on the general curve of Fig. 7, for C
5/ C
5Additive has typically described to have a that preferentially selects for use or especially preferentially select for use and the concentration range of b line segment in ethanol.
C
5: C
6Ratio be 1: 1 in this example.If measure C according to concentration curve 7 or 8
5/ C
6, or C
5-C
7Or (preferentially selecting for use) concentration of Fuel Petroleum, add C so
4Get vapour pressure to obtain desired thunder.
But for the skilled person, become and be well known that, although preferentially selected for use the thunder in 700 millibars (summer) and 900 millibars (winters) to get the comparison basis of vapor-pressure curve as fuel of the present invention, but according to invention, also can select other summer vapour pressure or winter vapour pressure as the basis.
Fuel addition of the present invention can be by carrying out based on the fuel situation of alcohols usually, and for example wherein suitable sanitas is based on triazole, imidazoles be the basis or benzoate be basic more such compounds.
Can use for example trimethylphenyl phosphoric acid salt as control burning-point affixture, but also available other compound.
Can use emulsifying agent in case of necessity, as ethylene glycol or its monoether and bis ether, and other compound.According to invention, other addition equally also is possible.
In these fresh fuels, not only with pure methyl alcohol, thick methyl alcohol and based on ethanol, acting in conjunction according to the component of inventing, undoubtedly still have the performance that does not reach so far, in the situation of needs, the raw material by this locality that can be main is produced, promptly, great meaning is arranged on national economy by coal synthetic gas or biological alcohol.
Claims (12)
1, based on the fuel of methyl alcohol, have in the fuel in case of necessity to the water of 15% (weight), it is characterized in that; This fuel contains-by C
4The mixture that-hydrocarbon is formed and-by C
5/ C
6The mixture that-hydrocarbon is formed, here
A) C in fuel
4-and C
5/ C
6The total amount of-hydrocarbon be 0.1 to 15% (weight) and
B) C
4: C
5/ C
6Weight ratio be 1: 500 to 3: 1.
2,, have in the fuel in case of necessity to 15%(weight based on the fuel of methyl alcohol) water, it is characterized in that; This fuel contains one by C
4The mixture and one that-hydrocarbon is formed is by C
5-C
7The mixture that-hydrocarbon is formed, here
A) C in fuel
4-and C
5-C
7The total amount of-hydrocarbon is 0.1 to 18%(weight) and
B) C
4: C
5-C
7Weight ratio be 1: 500 to 3: 1.
3,, have in the fuel in case of necessity to 15%(weight based on the fuel of methyl alcohol) water, it is characterized in that; This fuel contains one by C
4Mixture and gasoline that-hydrocarbon is formed, here
A) C in fuel
4The total amount of-hydrocarbon and gasoline is 0.1 to 25%(weight) and
B) C
4: the weight ratio of gasoline is 1: 500 to 3: 1.
4,, have in the fuel in case of necessity to 25%(weight based on the fuel of ethanol) water, it is characterized in that; This fuel contains one by C
4The mixture and one that hydrocarbon is formed is by C
5/ C
6The mixture that-hydrocarbon is formed, here
A) C in fuel
4-and C
5/ C
6The total amount of-hydrocarbon is 0.1 to 15%(weight) and
B) C
4: C
5/ C
6Weight ratio be 1: 500 to 3: 1.
5, based on the fuel of ethanol, have in the fuel in case of necessity to the water of 25 weight %, it is characterized in that: this fuel contains one by C
4The mixture that-hydrocarbon is made into and one is by C
5-C
7The mixture that-hydrocarbon is formed, here
A) C in fuel
4-and C
5-C
7The total amount of-hydrocarbon is 0.1 to 18%(weight) and
B) C
4: C
5-C
7Weight ratio be 1: 500 to 3: 1
6, based on the fuel of ethanol, have in case of necessity to the water of 25 weight %, it is characterized in that this fuel contains one by C
4Mixture and gasoline that-hydrocarbon is formed, here
A) C in fuel
4The total amount of-hydrocarbon and gasoline is 0.1 to 25%(weight) and
B) C
4: the weight ratio of gasoline is 1: 500 to 3: 1
7, according to the fuel of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: this fuel is made up of a mixture, this mixture by at least a in claim 1-6 disclosed fuel and one formed based on second kind of fuel of methyl alcohol, this fuel contains in case of necessity to 15%(weight) water, and this fuel contains one by C
4The mixture and one that-hydrocarbon is formed is by C
5The mixture that-hydrocarbon is formed, here
A) C in second kind of fuel
4-and C
5The total amount of-hydrocarbon is a 0.1-15%(weight) and
B) C in second kind of fuel
4: C
5The weight ratio of-hydrocarbon is 1: 500 to 3: 1
8, according to the fuel of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: this fuel is made up of a mixture, this mixture by at least a in claim 1-7 disclosed fuel and one formed based on second kind of fuel of ethanol, this second kind of fuel contains in case of necessity to 25%(weight) water, and contain one by C
4The mixture and one that-hydrocarbon is formed is by C
5The mixture that-hydrocarbon is formed, here
A) C in second kind of fuel
4-and C
5The total amount of-hydrocarbon is a 0.1-15%(weight) and
B) C in second kind of fuel
4: C
5The weight ratio of-hydrocarbon is 1: 500 to 3: 1
9, according to the fuel of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: the ethanol of use is the ethanol that contains water.
10, according to the fuel of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: the methyl alcohol of use is undistilled industrial methanol and/or the industrial methanol that removes the shifting block cut.
11, according to the fuel of claim 1-10, it is characterized in that; This fuel contains additional aromatic hydrocarbon.
12, according to the fuel of claim 1-11, it is characterized in that; This fuel is made of the mixture of one two kind of disclosed fuel composition in claim 1-11 at least.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85104713A CN85104713B (en) | 1984-06-28 | 1985-06-19 | Engine fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD26465984A DD228294A5 (en) | 1984-06-28 | 1984-06-28 | MOTOR FUELS |
| CN85104713A CN85104713B (en) | 1984-06-28 | 1985-06-19 | Engine fuel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85104713A true CN85104713A (en) | 1986-12-17 |
| CN85104713B CN85104713B (en) | 1987-12-23 |
Family
ID=25741792
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85104713A Expired CN85104713B (en) | 1984-06-28 | 1985-06-19 | Engine fuel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN85104713B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101918518A (en) * | 2008-01-04 | 2010-12-15 | 南加州大学 | Environmentally friendly ternary transportation flex-fuel of gasoline, methanol and bioethanol |
| CN104194845A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-12-10 | 贵州黔晟新能源实业有限公司 | Method for preparing high-quality fuel oil blended with alcohol-containing fuel |
-
1985
- 1985-06-19 CN CN85104713A patent/CN85104713B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101918518A (en) * | 2008-01-04 | 2010-12-15 | 南加州大学 | Environmentally friendly ternary transportation flex-fuel of gasoline, methanol and bioethanol |
| CN104194845A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-12-10 | 贵州黔晟新能源实业有限公司 | Method for preparing high-quality fuel oil blended with alcohol-containing fuel |
| CN104194845B (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2016-10-05 | 贵州黔晟新能源实业有限公司 | A kind of blend the method that alcohol fuel prepares high-quality fuel oil |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN85104713B (en) | 1987-12-23 |
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| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: Hamburg Federal Republic of Germany Applicant after: RWE-DEA Aktiengesellschaft Fuer Mineraloel und Chemie Address before: Wessel woods, Federal Republic of Germany Applicant before: Union Rheinische Braunkohlen Kraftstoff Aktiengesellschaft |
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Free format text: CORRECT: APPLICANT; FROM: UNION RHEINISCHE BRAUNKOHLEN KRAFTSTOFF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT TO: RWE-DEA MINERAL OIL CHEMICAL CO., LTD. |
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