CN2701176Y - 无线电码分多路存取用户设备 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供了一种无线电码分多路存取用户设备,该设备由信道估算设备和噪声偏差设备组成。该信道估算设备有一输出,其配置为对多个中缓行移位中的每一移位都产生信道估算采样。该噪声偏差设备有一个输入和一个输出,该输入配置为接收信道估算,该输出配置为产生干扰信号代码幂次或噪声偏差的估算。
Description
技术领域
概括而言,本实用新型涉及无线电时分双工(time division duplex)或频分双工(frequency division duplex)通信系统,更具体地讲,本实用新型涉及一种TDD系统,该系统可实施为一种用于干扰信号代码幂次(interference signal code power,ISCP)和噪声偏差的估算方法,该噪声偏差使用了部分采样平均(partial sample average)。
背景技术
在UMTS陆地无线电访问(terrestrial radio access)TDD系统中,ISCP噪声偏差的估算已变得日益重要。接收器设计需要估算噪声偏差,以便用于信道估算的后处理和多用户检测(multi-user detection,MUD)所使用的最小均方误差程序块线性均衡(minimum mean squareerror-block liner equalization,MMSE-BLE)算法。另外,动态信道分配(dynamic channel allocation,DCA)和时隙分配(timeslot allocation)也依赖于干扰信号代码幂次(ISCP)。如在3GPP TS25.225中所规定的,测量“时隙ISCP”仅是单元间干扰的测量。因为可将单元间干扰作为白高斯噪音(white Gaussian noise)处理,ISCP和噪声偏差的估算可结合在一个步骤中。一种原有技术的估算方法利用了保护期间的芯片序列号。但因为定时超前(timing advance)和延迟展开(delay spread)的长度,在保护期间没有足够数量的芯片可供完成估算。
发明内容
提供了一种无线电码分多路存取(code division multiple access)用户设备,该设备由信道估算设备和噪声偏差设备组成。该信道估算设备有另一输出,其配置为对多个中缓行(midamble)移位中的每一移位都产生信道估算采样。该噪声偏差设备有一个输入和一个输出,该输入耦合于该信号估算设备并配置为接收信道估算,该输出配置为产生干扰信号代码幂次或噪声偏差的估算。
附图说明
图1为截位雷利分布随机变量(truncated Rayleigh distributedrandom variable)的理论综合平均幂次和采样数字平均值关于各信道估算的W=57芯片的较小采样数目的幂次;
图2为曲线图,显示采用算法1并用实际噪声偏差加以归一化处理的估算噪声偏差的平均值和均方误差,该实际噪声偏差10,000作了平均化处理而与模拟试验无关;
图3为估算的噪声偏差序列,经过了实际噪声偏差的归一化处理。工作组4(WG4)例2(缓慢衰退)处于3dBEb/No;
图4a显示Raw BER曲线,图4b显示估算噪声偏差的归一化平均值而图4c显示经实际噪声偏差归一化的估算均方误差。对于30次采样使用了算法1,而在工作组4(WG4)信道例2(缓慢衰退)中以6个递推采用了算法2;
图5a显示Raw BER曲线,图5b显示估算噪声偏差的归一化平均值而图5c显示经实际噪声偏差归一化的估算均方误差。对于30次采样使用了算法1,而在国际电信联盟(ITU)pedestrian B channel case中以6个递推采用了算法2;
图6为用于UE接收器的信道估算和后处理的框图,显示了采用根据本实用新型的装置和方法而取得噪声偏差估算的方式。
具体实施方式
在本实用新型中,采用了运用信道估算器(channel estimator)的输出信息的ISCP及噪声偏差的估算方法。该方法解决了原有技术估算方法的问题,并通过在估算中采用动态信道分配(DCA)和多用户检测(MUD)而提供了高得多的精确度。尤其是使用了一种部分采样平均算法来进行计算。
虽然本实用新型的ISPC和噪声偏差估算方法建立在WCDM TDD系统的基础上,但这一算法可应用于所有种类的使用估算信道响应信息的通信系统中。图3b和图3c显示了采用本实用新型的算法1和算法2所得的噪声偏差估算与得自保护期间(GP)的噪声偏差的比较。
以下描述用于Stiner信道估算的信号模型。令Kmax为一个中缓行代码所允许的相异中缓行的最大数目。则对于字符组(burst)类型1,有Kmax=16、8或4,而对于字符组类型2,则有Kmax=6或3。用于接收到的序列的信号模型可表示为:
最大可能估算值(maximaum-likelihood eatimate,MLE)由下式给出:
□=(GHG)-1GH r=
h+
w 公式(2)
其中
w=(GHG)-1GH n 公式(3)
在现用中缓行移位完全已知的情况下(以共用中缓行移位而链接上行链路或下行链路),可减少矩阵G单元列的数目和干扰。但从最大中缓行移位(Kmax)和现用中缓行移位(Kactive)的比较中,并未看到有性能增益。实际上,因为必须在每一时隙中计算伪逆矩阵系数,从而增加了系统的复杂性。假设中缓行的最大数目,则在单元分类(cellspecification)后可仅仅一次即计算出所有中缓行。但不带有信号组分的输出序列对于ISCP和噪声偏差估算是有用的,即使中缓行已知也是如此。因此希望信道估算器提供信道估算的Kmax数目,而无论有多少中缓行处于现用中。
以下描述根据本实用新型所提出的用于ISCP和噪声偏差的估算方法。信道估算器的输出序列芯片长度总为KmaxW,其中W为信道脉冲响应的长度。大部分输出序列仅仅由ISCP和噪声偏差组分构成,仅有一小部分包括信号和噪声组分。当现用中缓行已知,则易于从用于非现用中缓行的信道估算中得出估算。但对于具有共用中缓行而其中中缓行未知的上行链路和下行链路而言,估算就变得困难了。这里描述针对具有多个中缓行而其中现用中缓行未知的上行链路和下行链路。
为简明起见,对于算法1的噪声偏差,以下ISCP和噪声偏差指的是部分采样平均值,复数噪声幅值的概率密度(probability density)函数为一个雷利函数(Rayleigh function),表示为:
其中σW 2为其偏差。
目的在于以最少数目的采样估算出偏差。如图3所示,估算的平均值和均方误差均随采样数目增加而下降。显然,采样幂次的平均值并不收敛到综合平均值幂次上。反之,当采用W个采样中的最小N,采样偏差将收敛于第二要素,表示为:
其中满足条件
经过小的推导即得
而且W个采样中的最小N的综合平均值幂次收敛到:
其中
所以,比例系数c是比值N/W的函数。关于N的理论及数值比例系数示于图1,在字符组类型1和W=57的条件下。
采用这一比例系数,得自W中N最小采样的噪声偏差估算变为:
其中hi (j),i=1,2,…W为升幂幅值的幂次。
以下论及噪声偏差估算方法所用参数和信道估算所用参数。对本算法将借助于一些系统参数而在系统等级上进行描述。系统参数包括如下内容:
·W:信道长度;
·Kmax;中缓行移位的最大数目;
·P:基本中缓行代码的长度,其为信道估算程序块输入的长度;
·Lm:中缓行代码的长度;
·Lchest:信道估算器的输出长度,该值不一定与W相等;
Kmax特别用于字符组类型1扩展的中缓行情况;
·Hp I=1,2,…,Nchest:估算的结合信道系数(joint channelcoefficient);
·Kactive:现用中缓行移位的数目;
·Np1:每信道路径的最大数目;
·Np2:每信道路径的实际数目。
上述各参数的说明及相互关系概括于表1中:
表1
字符组结构 | 字符组类型1或3P=456,Lm=512 | 字符组类型2P=192,Lm=256 | |||
Kmax | 16 | 8 | 4 | 6 | 3 |
W | 28或29* | 57 | 57 | 32 | 64 |
Lchest | 456 | 456 | 456 | 192 | 192 |
*W=28用于偶数中缓行数目,W=29用于奇数中缓行数目。
在用户设备(UE)中ISCP和噪声偏差估算程序块14的位置示于图6。在上行链路中,因为中缓行检测18和混合代码检测20在BS接收器为已知的,所以并不需要它们。因为并不知道现用中缓行的数目,下行链路估算将使用Kmax而非Kactive,并通过中缓行检测而估算Kactive。可选择使现用中缓行的数目从中缓行18经路径18a而反馈给噪声(ISCP)估算程序块14,但这会导致处理延迟而总的检测性能增益减小。
在此可将采用部分采样平均值的本实用新型所提估算算法概括如下:
其中
Nsample=Lchest-Np1·Kactive 公式(11)
公式(13)
对于字符组类型1和3,G=400,
且
对于字符组类型2,G=169
n(i),i=1,2,…,Lchest为第I个最小系数的索引(即hn(i),i=1,2,…,Lchest),该系数处于升幂幅值的幂次上。为简化其实施,可对表2所示各情况使常数固定,表2对应于时隙配置的比例常数T;其中P为可用采样的数目,而被标以双星符号的数目可能未在实践上作过假设。这里常数T由下式所定义:
且估算的噪声偏差变为
表2
Kmax | Np1=6 | Np1=10 | |||
N采样 | T | N采样 | T | ||
字符组类型1P=456 | 4 | 432** | 1.1** | 411 | 1.3 |
8 | 411 | 1.3 | 375 | 1.7 | |
16 | 360 | 1.9 | 296** | 3.1** | |
字符组类型2P=192 | 3 | 174 | 1.3 | 158 | |
6 | 158 | 1.7 | 132** | 2.7** |
还可选择从略去的估算信道输出系数估算噪声偏差,并每次递归地加以更新,如下所示:
模拟试验中递归6次,根据传播信道情况可进一步降低次数。
以下解释一例模拟试验。下面是本例所用的假设及参数的列表:
字符组类型1;
W=57;
·8数据字符组,其中传播系数(SF)=16;
·8个相异中缓行;
·WG4 case 2及ITU pedestrian B信道情况;
·30采样用于算法1;
·6次递归用于算法2;
对应于不同机制的MMSE-BLE性能非常类似,如图4a和图5a所示。因此,数据检测性能对于为实际噪声偏差所归一化的估算误差并不敏感,如图4c和图5c所示;
·算法1所作偏差估算偏置于略高数值,特别是对于较高SNR和较多的多重路径而言,这点可从图5b和图6观察到;
·算法2具有最佳性能,但必须完成多个阈值测试以进行后处理。复杂性的增加取决于迭代次数和比较的复杂程度;
·如果噪声偏差仅仅用于MMSE-BLE和后处理,则对于大多数无线电应用环境来说,算法1就足够了。但在总的通信系统性能对于噪声偏差要敏感得多,从而需要更精确的噪声偏差估算时,算法2即为最佳选择。
Claims (10)
1.一种无线电码分多路存取用户设备,其特征在于所述无线电码分多路存取用户设备包括:
具有输出的信道估算装置,该输出配置为对多个中缓行移位中的每一个都产生信道估算采样;
具有输入的噪声偏差估算装置,该输入配置为接收信道响应和用于产生干扰信号代码幂次估算的输出。
2.如权利要求1的用户设备,其特征在于对由该信号估算设备所产生的多个中缓行移位中的每一个所作的信道估算采样包括所有最大中缓行移位的采样。
3.如权利要求1的用户设备,其特征在于进一步包括具有输出的中缓行检测装置由所述信号估算设备中接收采样,该输出配置为产生现用中缓行移位的指示符;所述噪声偏差估算装置具有另一输入,该输入配置为从中缓行检测装置中接收所述的中缓行移位指示符。
4.如权利要求3的用户设备,其特征在于进一步包括耦合于所述信道估算装置与所述中缓行检测装置之间的后处理装置。
5.如权利要求1的用户设备,其特征在于所述噪声偏差估算装置具有输出,该输出进一步配置为产生噪声偏差的估算。
6.一种无线电码分多路存取用户设备,其特征在于所述无线电码分多路存取用户设备包括:
具有输出的信道估算装置,该输出配置为对多个中缓行移位中的每一个都产生信道估算采样;及
具有输入的噪声偏差估算装置,该输入耦合于该信号估算设备并配置为接收该信道估算采样和用于产生干扰信号代码幂次估算的输出。
7.如权利要求6的用户设备,其特征在于对由该信号估算设备所产生的多个中缓行移位中的每一个所作的信道估算采样包括所有最大中缓行移位的采样。
8.如权利要求6的用户设备,其特征在于进一步包括具有输出的中缓行检测装置,该输出配置为产生现用中缓行移位的指示符;其中所述噪声偏差估算装置具有另一输入,该输入配置为从中缓行检测装置中接收所述的中缓行移位指示符。
9.如权利要求8的用户设备,其特征在于进一步包括耦合于所述信道估算装置与所述中缓行检测装置之间的后处理装置以提供非零采样到中缓行检测装置。
10.如权利要求6的用户设备,其特征在于所述噪声偏差估算装置具有输出,该输出进一步配置为产生噪声偏差的估算。
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US32292701P | 2001-09-18 | 2001-09-18 | |
US60/322,927 | 2001-09-18 | ||
US10/171,285 | 2002-06-13 | ||
US10/171,285 US6816470B2 (en) | 2001-09-18 | 2002-06-13 | Method and apparatus for interference signal code power and noise variance estimation |
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CN2701176Y true CN2701176Y (zh) | 2005-05-18 |
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CNU022549617U Expired - Lifetime CN2692925Y (zh) | 2001-09-18 | 2002-09-18 | 估算干扰信号代码幂次和噪声偏差的码分多路存取基站 |
CNU022549625U Expired - Lifetime CN2701176Y (zh) | 2001-09-18 | 2002-09-18 | 无线电码分多路存取用户设备 |
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CNU022549617U Expired - Lifetime CN2692925Y (zh) | 2001-09-18 | 2002-09-18 | 估算干扰信号代码幂次和噪声偏差的码分多路存取基站 |
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US (3) | US6816470B2 (zh) |
KR (7) | KR200302894Y1 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN2692925Y (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2460799C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE20214391U1 (zh) |
NO (1) | NO20041543L (zh) |
TW (6) | TW576598U (zh) |
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KR100862529B1 (ko) | 2007-06-19 | 2008-10-09 | 에스케이 텔레콤주식회사 | Τdd 기반 cdma 시스템에서 적응형 결합 채널 추정방법 및 그 시스템 |
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2002
- 2002-06-13 US US10/171,285 patent/US6816470B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2002-09-17 DE DE20214391U patent/DE20214391U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-17 DE DE20214390U patent/DE20214390U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-18 CN CNU022549617U patent/CN2692925Y/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-18 TW TW091214721U patent/TW576598U/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-09-18 KR KR20-2002-0028106U patent/KR200302894Y1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2002-09-18 TW TW094132570A patent/TWI281327B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-09-18 TW TW098102124A patent/TW200947892A/zh unknown
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- 2002-09-18 KR KR20-2002-0028107U patent/KR200302895Y1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2004
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- 2004-01-14 KR KR1020040002632A patent/KR20040013046A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2004-04-15 NO NO20041543A patent/NO20041543L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-07-29 US US10/901,796 patent/US7492750B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2005
- 2005-08-19 KR KR1020050076156A patent/KR100801124B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-09-27 KR KR1020050090148A patent/KR20050104313A/ko not_active Withdrawn
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- 2007-09-28 KR KR1020070097993A patent/KR20070104496A/ko not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20050002356A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
US20030086380A1 (en) | 2003-05-08 |
CA2460799A1 (en) | 2003-03-27 |
TW200746661A (en) | 2007-12-16 |
KR200302894Y1 (ko) | 2003-02-05 |
TW200631330A (en) | 2006-09-01 |
TWI281327B (en) | 2007-05-11 |
CA2460799C (en) | 2008-06-03 |
TW576598U (en) | 2004-02-11 |
TW200947892A (en) | 2009-11-16 |
TWI267264B (en) | 2006-11-21 |
CN2692925Y (zh) | 2005-04-13 |
DE20214391U1 (de) | 2003-02-20 |
TW200423600A (en) | 2004-11-01 |
KR20070104496A (ko) | 2007-10-26 |
US8300520B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 |
KR20050090335A (ko) | 2005-09-13 |
KR20050104313A (ko) | 2005-11-02 |
KR100801124B1 (ko) | 2008-02-11 |
US6816470B2 (en) | 2004-11-09 |
TWI262669B (en) | 2006-09-21 |
KR200302895Y1 (ko) | 2003-02-05 |
US20090168739A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
KR20040013045A (ko) | 2004-02-11 |
KR100572169B1 (ko) | 2006-04-19 |
DE20214390U1 (de) | 2003-03-06 |
NO20041543L (no) | 2004-04-15 |
US7492750B2 (en) | 2009-02-17 |
KR20040013046A (ko) | 2004-02-11 |
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