CN2547638Y - Efficient power lift-rising geophysical effect aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

An efficient power lift-rising geophysical effect aircraft comprises an airframe, wings and engines which are arranged on the frontal edge of the wings and provided with a propeller each, wherein, the lower part of the airframe is in multiple fault terrace layout; the wings are single-wing low aspect ratio wings; a lift-rising air cavity is arranged below the airframe and the wings; the propellers are ducted propellers provided with a flow deflector each; the flow deflectors can guide airflow produced by the rotation of the ducted propellers into the lift-rising air cavity. As adopting the reasonable configuration between the wings which are single-wing low aspect ratio wings and a power propulsion system which is formed by the lift-rising air cavity arranged below the wings and the engines as well as the ducted propellers with flow deflectors, the utility model guides the high-speed airflow produced by the high-speed rotation of the ducted propellers into the lift-rising air cavity through the flow deflectors, and transforms the kinetic energy of the airflow into pressure energy so as to produce larger hovering force. In addition, a T-shaped empennage highly arranged on the tail part of the airframe and an elevator arranged on a horizontal tail of the empennage guarantee the longitudinal balance of the aircraft, which ensures that the aircraft can steadily fly in the air close to water level.

Description

A kind of effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of aircraft, particularly a kind of aircraft in the flight of ground effect region territory.

Background technology

Chinese patent application number be 99122366.7 and Chinese patent 98119037.5 in disclosed " the invention in two kinds of these fields of the effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft of also able to fly and large-scale binary aerofoil boat (imitate transport plane); the former focuses on the outer flight of ground effect region and designs; be provided with two flying wings at body upper, head upper or fuselage outer side, make aircraft also can rise up into height and safe flight as aircraft.The latter is that to change monomer on the basis of large-scale transportation aerofoil boat be the double-body hydrofoil structure, and makes the end plate front end horizontal by certain angle, sets up three wing flaps in ship wing rear end, increases the air effect of the ship wing with this.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of can imitate principle more fully with utilizing, by pneumatic configuration reasonable in design, flight lift is increased, the effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft that resistance reduces, effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft on this basis also have can be in the characteristics of the aerial stabilized flight of adjoined water surface.

A kind of effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft, comprise fuselage, wing and be located at the driving engine that the leading edge of a wing has screw propeller, it is characterized in that described underbelly is multibreak rank layouts, afterbody is provided with the T type tail that height is put, described wing is the single-blade low aspect ratio wing, described fuselage and wing below are provided with boosting air cavity, and described screw propeller is a shrouded propeller, and this shrouded propeller rear portion is provided with the flow deflector in the air-flow importing boosting air cavity that the shrouded propeller rotation can be produced.

For guaranteeing the aerial stable flight at adjoined water surface, above-mentioned afterbody is provided with the T type tail that height is put, and this T type tail comprises horizontal tail and vertical fin, the long wing exhibition length of being longer than slightly of described horizontal tail exhibition.Above-mentioned horizontal tail rear end along about be provided with and be used to control vertical flight attitude, realize the elevating rudder of balance in pitch, rudder face is provided with tab.

The utility model since to adopt wing be the wing of single-blade small wing span ratio and square under the wings of an airplane design-calculated boosting air cavity with the power propulsion system of the shrouded propeller composition of driving engine and band flow deflector between reasonable configuration, the high velocity air that the shrouded propeller high speed revolution is produced imports boosting air cavity by flow deflector, and the kinetic energy of air-flow is converted into the pressure energy, to produce bigger air-cushion force, in addition, at T type tail that the afterbody height is put and be located at elevating rudder on the empennage horizontal tail, the balance in pitch of aircraft is guaranteed, guaranteed that aircraft can be in the aerial stable flight of adjoined water surface.

Describe structure of the present utility model in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is integral layout figure of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a front view of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is a left view of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is the scheme drawing that air-flow of the present utility model imports boosting air cavity;

Fig. 5 is the utility model fuselage hydrodynamic(al) schematic layout pattern;

Fig. 6 is the utility model end plate hydrodynamic(al) schematic layout pattern.

The specific embodiment

Comprise fuselage 1, wing 2, driving engine 4 and the screw propeller that drives thereof as Fig. 1 Fig. 2 the utility model shown in Figure 4, driving engine 4 is in wing 2 leading edges, screw propeller links to each other with driving engine by transmission shaft, described fuselage 1 is provided with boosting air cavity 3 with wing 2 belows, described screw propeller is the shrouded propeller 6 that is provided with deflectable flow deflector 5, and the air-flow that this flow deflector 5 can produce shrouded propeller 6 rotations imports in the boosting air cavity 3.Air-flow is blocked in the chamber, kinetic energy changes the pressure energy into, and the additonal pressure that acts on wing 2 lower surfaces produces the additional lift that hovers, and the lift that hovers can lift aircraft, reduce the area that aircraft contacts with water, thereby reduced the aircraft resistance of taxing.Above-mentioned boosting air cavity 3 is the cavity of being made up of the end plate 7 at fuselage 1 bottom, wing 2 belows, wing 2 two ends and wing 2 trailing edge flaps 8, and wherein wing flap 8 is provided with the actuating device that it is deflected down around wing 2 trailing edges.Above-mentioned flow deflector 5 by some movable wings of unequal length that are along shrouded propeller 6 duct trailing edge horizontally sets, be provided with the mechanism that can make its work coordinate deflection between each flow deflector (5), above-mentioned flow deflector (5) is provided with the actuating device around the deflection of shrouded propeller (6) duct trailing edge.。Above-mentioned actuating device is can be to wing flap 8 and the flow deflector 5 synchronous hydraulic control systems of handling, and above-mentioned wing flap 8 and flow deflector 5 are respectively equipped with the operating bar of being handled by hydraulic control system.Described hydraulic control system is made up of electric hydraulic pump, solenoid directional control valve, reducing valve, hydraulic actuating cylinder, described hydraulic ram is arranged at wing 2 trailing edges and shrouded propeller 6 sides respectively, described operating bar one end links to each other with piston in the hydraulic actuating cylinder, and the other end joins with wing flap 8 and flow deflector 5 respectively.Described flow deflector 5 hydraulic control systems and the same hydraulic power source of wing flap 8 hydraulic control systems make flow deflector 5 and wing flap 8 can carry out synchronous manipulation.Flight test confirms that wing flap 8 deflections 5 degree, flow deflector 5 deflections 20 degree are packed up in dried up back 15 seconds simultaneously when taking off, and can make effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft successfully dried up and carry out the transition to cruising condition, and whole process operation is easy, flight attitude stable.Above-mentioned wing flap (8) is a rectangle, its pivot angle be 0～30 ° adjustable.Be provided with transmission shaft (14) between above-mentioned driving engine and the shrouded propeller, transmission shaft (14) two ends be provided with for driving engine and shrouded propeller (6) between the elastic coupling that connects.

Above-mentioned wing 2 is the single-blade low aspect ratio wing, and its aspect ratio is between 0.5～2, and preferred value is 1.6, and the aerofoil of wing 2 can be straight formula or straight substantially rectangular wing, also can be the straight or straight substantially tapered wing that is little trapezoidal ratio of aerofoil.That such aspect and geometric parameter have is simple in structure, the effect of imitating strong, mate rational characteristics.Above-mentioned T type tail 9 comprises horizontal tail 10 and vertical fin 11, and the wash that be to reduce 2 pairs of empennages of wing disturbs, described horizontal tail 9 adopt height put and area bigger, the long setting of being longer than wing 2 slightly of its exhibition.Be provided with a pair of elevating rudder 12 that is used to control vertical flight attitude and realizes balance in pitch about edge, above-mentioned horizontal tail 9 rear ends, rudder face is provided with tab 13.Above-mentioned elevating rudder 12 mainly provide the fore-and-aft control moment, guarantees effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft longitudinal moment balance, realizes effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft motor-driven in longitudinal plane.Different with general aircraft, when effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft flies in ground effect region, two focuses are arranged, be angle of attack focus and height focus, press effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft longitudinal movement judgement of stability, when having only the center-of-gravity position reasonable disposition when angle of attack focus, height focus and ground effect vehicle, the longitudinal movement of effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft is only stable.And the reasonable disposition of the high T type tail of putting 9 of employing and other parts can have good stable in the speed range of regulation, guarantees the reasonable disposition of angle of attack focus and height focus.

Shown in Figure 5 as Fig. 3,1 liang of side lower part of above-mentioned fuselage is served as reasons the bottom to both ends water skiing body structure obliquely, and described fuselage 1 bottom is multibreak rank layouts.Described multibreak rank layout comprises the main faulted-stage 15 of fuselage 1 leading portion and is located at main faulted-stage several times faulted-stage and stern faulted-stage 16 afterwards that main faulted-stage 15 is multibreak stage structure with several times faulted-stage and stern faulted-stage 16.Described fuselage 1 is the hull structure of aspect ratio, ratio L/B＞7 of its length L and width B.Described wing 2 two ends are provided with end plate 7, and these end plate 7 bottoms are provided with the multibreak stage structure similar with fuselage 1.Faulted-stage quantity, shape, the position of the multibreak rank layout that fuselage 1 and end plate 7 are adopted and highly the water handling characteristic influence to effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft is very big, rational multibreak rank layout has following advantage: a, has increased the planing surface aspect ratio, improved and slided efficient, reduced the generation of " dolphin motion "; B, wetted area obtain reducing, thereby have reduced frictional resistance; C, faulted-stage produce bubble effect, have reduced hydrodynamicresistance; D, because the support of many planing surfaces, make effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft sliding, having good attitude angle in the take-off process, can pass through first and second drag humps smoothly, and dried up smoothly taking off; E, assurance effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft have bigger residue pulling force in whole transition flight process.

Above-mentioned fuselage 1 and end plate 7 bottoms are that cross-sectional plane is the two arcs of symmetrical indent, and arc bottom to arc item end forms horizontal ramping angle.The rational bottom transverse ramping angle in fuselage 1 and end plate 7 bottoms, planing surface produces suitable righting moment about making when effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft is in sliding state, guarantees that effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft has good horizontal planing stability; And the bottom of horizontal oblique ascension is changed into the cross bending of two arcs by straight line, reduced the formation of horizontal splash effectively, help keeping the bottom kinetic pressure, thereby the higher efficient that slides is arranged than straight line oblique ascension type, when the effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft landing water surface, wave can arrive the several times of own wt greatly to the impulsive force of effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft, laterally ramping angle and cross bending are the factors that impact power has the greatest impact, by to the choose reasonable of horizontal ramping angle and cross bending with cooperate, make wave impact force and dynaflow obtain optimization.For other Combination property that makes hydrodynamic(al) performance and aircraft is organically integrated, above-mentioned wing 2 is single-blade low aspect ratio, a nothing anti-rectangular wing down.In order to keep berthing or lateral stability during lowsteaming and overcome the resistance of water, wing 2 two ends are provided with the end plate 7 that is multibreak stage structure, set end plate 7 is improved effective aspect ratio of wing 2, compare with the aircraft of no end plate, lift in ground effect region can increase by 50%, greatly reduce energy consumption, improved flight efficiency.

Transition flight operating process of the present utility model is to realize like this, when driving engine 4 is driven, as shown in Figure 4, the high velocity air that shrouded propeller 6 high speed revolutions are produced imports by wing 2 by flow deflector 5 deflections, following inclined to one side wing flap 8, the boosting air cavity interior 3 that end plate 7 and fuselage 1 are formed, thereby the kinetic energy of high velocity air is converted into the pressure energy, to produce bigger air-cushion force with dried up of aircraft hull overwhelming majority pad, aircraft is gentle acceleration under the effect of driving engine pulling force, it is dried up to take off, it is further operated is by hydraulic control system wing flap 8 and flow deflector 5 to be done synchronous manipulation, for example, simultaneously wing flap 8 deflections 5 are spent when taking off, flow deflector 5 deflections 20 degree, pack up simultaneously in dried up back 15 seconds, just can make aircraft successfully carry out the transition to average flight state from takeoff condition, whole process operation is easy, reliably.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft, comprise fuselage (1), wing (2), it is characterized in that fuselage (1) and wing (2) below is provided with boosting air cavity (3), the leading edge of a wing is provided with driving engine (4), driving engine (4) the place ahead is provided with the shrouded propeller (6) of band flow deflector (5), and this shrouded propeller rear portion is provided with the air-flow that shrouded propeller (6) rotation can be produced and imports the interior flow deflector (5) of boosting air cavity (3).

2, effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned boosting air cavity (4) is that wherein wing flap (8) is provided with and can makes its actuating device around wing (2) trailing edge deflection by fuselage (1) bottom, wing (2) below, the end plate (7) at wing (2) two ends and the cavity that wing (2) trailing edge flap (8) is formed.

3, effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that above-mentioned flow deflector (5) by some movable wings of unequal length that are along shrouded propeller (6) duct back cavity horizontally set, be provided with the mechanism that can make its work coordinate deflection between each flow deflector (5), above-mentioned flow deflector (5) is provided with the actuating device around the deflection of shrouded propeller (6) duct trailing edge.

4, according to claim 2 or the 3 described effectively power-boosting ground effect aircrafts that have, it is characterized in that above-mentioned actuating device is can be to wing flap and the synchronous hydraulic control system of handling of flow deflector, above-mentioned wing flap (8) and flow deflector (5) are respectively equipped with the operating bar of being handled by hydraulic control system.

5, effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described wing (2) is the single-blade low aspect ratio wing, its aspect ratio is between 0.5-2, and preferred value is 1.6, and above-mentioned wing (2) is the straight or straight substantially rectangular wing of aerofoil.

6, effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described fuselage (1) afterbody is provided with the T type tail (9) that height is put, above-mentioned T type tail (9) comprises horizontal tail (10) and vertical fin (11), described horizontal tail (10) is the large tracts of land horizontal tail, long wing (2) the exhibition length of being longer than slightly of its exhibition.

7, effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft according to claim 6 is characterized in that being provided with a pair of elevating rudder (12) that is used to control vertical flight attitude and realizes balance in pitch about edge, above-mentioned horizontal tail (10) rear end, and rudder face is provided with tab (13).

8, effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described fuselage (1) bottom is multibreak rank layout, above-mentioned multibreak rank layout comprises the main faulted-stage (15) of fuselage (1) leading portion and is located at main faulted-stage several times faulted-stage and stern faulted-stage (16) afterwards that main faulted-stage (15) is multibreak stage structure with several times faulted-stage and stern faulted-stage (16).

9, effectively power-boosting ground effect aircraft according to claim 8 is characterized in that described wing (2) two ends are provided with end plate (7), and this end plate (7) bottom is provided with and the similar multibreak stage structure of fuselage (1).

10, according to Claim 8 or 9 described effectively power-boosting ground effect aircrafts, it is characterized in that described fuselage (1) water skiing body (17) bottom and end plate (7) bottom transverse cross section are the two arcs of symmetrical indent, arc bottom to arc item end forms horizontal ramping angle α.

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