CN221960983U

CN221960983U - Solar cell

Info

Publication number: CN221960983U
Application number: CN202323368450.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尤长林; 陈龙; 陈明光; 王玉凡; 于磊; 钦文凯
Original assignee: Taizhou Jinneng New Energy Co ltd
Current assignee: Taizhou Jinneng New Energy Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-12-08
Filing date: 2023-12-08
Publication date: 2024-11-05
Anticipated expiration: 2033-12-08

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar cell, which comprises a substrate, a back electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion layer and a transparent conductive layer, wherein the back electrode layer, the photoelectric conversion layer and the transparent conductive layer are sequentially arranged on the front surface of the substrate, the back electrode layer, the photoelectric conversion layer and the transparent conductive layer in partial areas are removed to expose the substrate, a light transmission area is formed, and an ink coating is sprayed on the back surface of the substrate except the light transmission area. The solar cell provided by the utility model only performs ink-jet shielding on the area with the light reflection, and does not have any shielding on the light transmission area, so that the problem of the light reflection is solved, good natural sunlight incidence is ensured, the comfort level of indoor light is ensured, and good visual experience is brought to users.

Description

Solar cell

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of solar cells, in particular to a solar cell.

Background

A copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) solar cell is one of thin film solar cells, and has the advantages of higher photoelectric conversion efficiency, attractive appearance and the like. CIGS solar cells are one of the few thin film technologies currently in mass production, and are well-sought after by the market for consistent popularity to the consumer. With the continuous development of Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) markets, the demands of the markets for light-transmitting battery cells are increasing. The light-transmitting chip of CIGS basically carries out film removing treatment of a certain proportion on a standard cell slice, so as to realize different light-transmitting effects. The light-transmitting chip is applied to curtain walls or roofs, and can bring power generation effect while realizing functions of building components, and meanwhile, the light-transmitting effect also meets the requirements of customers on sunlight. However, since CIGS solar cells use molybdenum as the back electrode, they result in strong metal reflection from the back of the chip, giving poor visual experience to the indoor observer. The amorphous silicon thin film battery is also made of purchased metal materials and is used as a battery electrode, and after light transmission processing is carried out by using laser, the back reflection problem also exists. Therefore, the reflection elimination is a problem which needs to be solved urgently when the film products are applied to the building integrated scene, and good visual experience is brought to clients.

At present, there are two main approaches to the reflection elimination: firstly, colored glass is selected as a substrate of CIGS battery glass, and the method can weaken the reflection mirror effect of strong metallic color, but still has mirror effect due to the smooth effect of the metallic surface; meanwhile, the colored glass has an absorption effect on sunlight irradiated outdoors. The experience effect of indoor light is poor. Secondly, the anti-reflection film is stuck on the back surface of the CIGS battery glass, the method does not need to replace the battery raw material glass, and a layer of anti-reflection film is stuck on the back surface through lamination, but the smoothness of the plastic film still cannot eliminate reflection, and the method has an absorption effect on sunlight. Meanwhile, lamination and adhesion of the anti-reflection film also cause complex assembly process and greatly increase the cost.

Because most of the light-transmitting processing of thin film products adopts a laser film removing mode, a light-transmitting chip is processed according to the imported processing pattern. The shape of the light-transmitting area can be strip-shaped or various patterns, and the general method for eliminating the accurate reflection is difficult to realize. The scheme eliminates the reflection effect of the back surface, and the whole surface of the battery is treated, so that the reflection effect can not be well solved. Meanwhile, sunlight incident on the light-transmitting area of the chip is shielded.

Disclosure of utility model

The utility model aims to provide a solar cell which can eliminate reflection of light on the back of the cell with various light-transmitting patterns, has a simple structure and is easy to realize accurately.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is to provide a solar cell, which comprises a substrate, a back electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion layer and a transparent conductive layer, wherein the back electrode layer, the photoelectric conversion layer and the transparent conductive layer are sequentially arranged on the front surface of the substrate, the back electrode layer, the photoelectric conversion layer and the transparent conductive layer in partial areas are removed to expose the substrate, a light transmission area is formed, and the back surface of the substrate is sprayed with an ink coating except the light transmission area.

Further, the substrate is a transparent glass substrate.

Further, the back electrode layer is a Mo layer, and the photoelectric conversion layer is formed by forming a PN junction by a CIGS film layer and a CdS layer; the transparent conductive layer is a BZO conductive film layer.

Further, the transparent conductive layer, the photoelectric conversion layer and the back electrode layer at the peripheral edge of the substrate are subjected to laser trimming treatment, so that the annular substrate edge is exposed.

Further, the light-transmitting area is formed by removing the back electrode layer, the photoelectric conversion layer and the transparent conductive layer through laser scribing, at least one light-transmitting positioning point is further arranged on the glass substrate, and the back electrode layer, the photoelectric conversion layer and the transparent conductive layer are removed through laser at the positioning point.

Further, three transparent positioning points A, B, C are arranged on the glass substrate, the positioning points A, B form an X axis, the positioning points B, C form a Y axis, and the X axis is perpendicular to the Y axis.

Further, the light-transmitting area is in a strip shape or/and a five-pointed star shape.

Further, the ink coating is formed by printing with an ink jet printer.

Further, the ink coating adopts UV ink, and after the UV ink is printed by ink jet, the ink jet is cured by a UV lamp.

Further, the spray heads of the oil spraying ink printer are multiple, the colors of the ink are multiple, and patterns with different colors are printed on the back surface of the substrate.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: according to the solar cell provided by the utility model, the back surface of the glass substrate is sprayed with the ink coating except the transparent area, particularly, at least one transparent positioning point is arranged on the glass substrate, the positioning point is identified by the printer and is used as a reference point, the back surface of the substrate outside the transparent area is subjected to ink jet, the accurate positioning and anastomosis of the ink jet pattern and the laser processing transparent pattern are realized, and the back reflection elimination of various transparent patterns is realized. Therefore, the solar cell provided by the utility model only performs ink-jet shielding on the area with the light reflection, and does not have any shielding on the light transmission area, so that the problem of the light reflection is solved, good natural sunlight incidence is ensured, the comfort level of indoor light is ensured, and good visual experience is brought to users.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for manufacturing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 2a is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell chip according to an embodiment of the present utility model; FIG. 2b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the solar cell chip of FIG. 2a after forming a light-transmissive pattern by laser stripping;

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic back view of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5a is a schematic front view of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present utility model; fig. 5b is a schematic back view of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the utility model.

In the figure:

1-substrate, 2-battery film, 20-light transmission area, 21-back electrode layer, 22-photoelectric conversion layer, 23-transparent conductive layer, 30-inkjet coating layer, A, B, C-positioning point.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.

Referring to fig. 2b, 3 and 4, the solar cell provided by the utility model comprises a substrate 1, a back electrode layer 21, a photoelectric conversion layer 22 and a transparent conductive layer 23, wherein the back electrode layer 21, the photoelectric conversion layer 22 and the transparent conductive layer 23 are sequentially arranged on the front surface of the substrate 1, the back electrode layer 21, the photoelectric conversion layer 22 and the transparent conductive layer 23 in partial areas are removed to expose the substrate 1, a light-transmitting area 20 is formed, and an ink coating 30 is sprayed on the back surface of the substrate 1 except the light-transmitting area 20.

In a specific embodiment, the substrate 1 is a transparent glass substrate, the back electrode layer is a Mo layer, and the photoelectric conversion layer is formed by forming a PN junction by a CI GS film layer and a CdS layer; the transparent conductive layer is a BZO conductive film layer. The transparent conductive layer 21, the photoelectric conversion layer 22 and the back electrode layer 23 on the peripheral edge of the substrate 1 are subjected to laser trimming treatment to expose the annular substrate edge. Further, the light-transmitting area 20 is formed by removing the back electrode layer 21, the photoelectric conversion layer 22 and the transparent conductive layer 23 through laser scribing, and at least one light-transmitting positioning point is further arranged on the glass substrate 1, and the back electrode layer 21, the photoelectric conversion layer 22 and the transparent conductive layer 23 are removed through laser at the positioning point. Preferably, three transparent positioning points A, B, C and A, B are arranged on the glass substrate 1, the positioning points B, C form an X axis, and the X axis and the Y axis are perpendicular.

Referring to fig. 1, the solar cell provided in this embodiment may be implemented by a method including the following steps:

S1: manufacturing a solar cell chip; referring to fig. 2a, the solar cell chip includes a substrate 1 and a cell film 2 disposed on the front surface of the substrate 1; specifically, the substrate 1 is a transparent glass substrate, and the back electrode layer 21, the photoelectric conversion layer 22, and the transparent conductive layer 23 are sequentially provided on the front surface of the substrate 1. In one embodiment, the process for manufacturing the solar cell chip includes the following steps: first, a Mo (molybdenum) layer is sputtered as a back electrode layer 21 on a glass substrate 1; then, a CIGS (copper indium gallium selenide) film layer is formed on the back electrode layer 21 in a sputtering and selenizing mode, a CdS (cadmium sulfide) layer is formed by a chemical water bath method, the CIGS film layer is a P-type semiconductor, the CdS layer is an N-type semiconductor, and a PN junction is formed by the CIGS film layer and the CdS layer and then the CIGS film layer is used as a photoelectric conversion layer 22; next, a transparent BZO (boron-doped ZnO) conductive film layer is formed as the transparent conductive layer on the photoelectric conversion layer 22 by chemical vapor deposition; finally, the transparent conductive layer 23, the photoelectric conversion layer 22 and the back electrode layer 21 at the peripheral edge of the substrate 1 are subjected to laser trimming treatment, the glass substrate is exposed, the glass edge with the width of 14mm is formed, and the solar cell chip is manufactured.

S2: referring to fig. 2b and 3, a design pattern is led into a laser device, the design pattern is designed with a light-transmitting area and at least one light-transmitting positioning point in advance, the laser device scores the battery film 2 according to the design pattern, the battery film 2 is removed, the substrate is exposed, and a light-transmitting area 20 and a light-transmitting positioning point are formed on the solar battery chip; natural sunlight can be incident into the room through the light-transmitting region 20; the design pattern may be a CAD pattern, the CAD pattern is led into a laser device, the laser device scores a light-transmitting area 20 according to the CAD pattern, the light-transmitting area 20 may be a stripe shape as shown in fig. 3, a five-pointed star shape as shown in fig. 5a, or a pattern of any other shape, the utility model is not particularly limited thereto, the light-transmitting pattern may be designed according to the needs of a user, and the laser device may score according to any pattern shape in the pattern; the number of light-transmitting positioning points is at least one, and a coordinate system can be constructed by taking one positioning point as a reference point, for example, an X axis and a Y axis are constructed by taking the point as an origin, and then the relative positions of the transparent region 20 in the coordinate system and between the positioning points can be determined. In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, three transparent positioning points A, B, C are formed on the battery film 2, on the design pattern, the positioning points A, B form an X-axis, the positioning points B, C form a Y-axis, the X-axis and the Y-axis are perpendicular, and a coordinate system is constructed, so that the position of the light transmitting region 20 in the coordinate system is determined. The number of positioning points is not particularly limited, and 3 are preferable, so long as the positioning points can be used as reference points, and the subsequent non-light-transmitting area can be found for inkjet processing. Since the ink jet is performed on the back surface of the substrate 1, the positioning point must be a light transmitting point after the battery film 2 is removed, so that the subsequent intelligent printer can identify the positioning point when the back surface of the substrate is scanned.

S3: and placing the solar cell chip into an intelligent ink-jet printer, introducing the design pattern into the printer, identifying the positioning point by the printer, taking the positioning point as a reference point, and carrying out ink-jet on the back surface of the substrate 1 outside the transparent area 20 according to the design pattern. The same CAD graph is imported into the printer and the laser device, the intelligent printer performs graph printing, the printer performs visual scanning before printing, the locating point A, B, C is identified, the same coordinate system as that in the step S2 is constructed, and as the printer and the laser device import the same CAD graph, the relative positions of the locating point A, B, C coordinate and the transparent region 20 are fixed, the intelligent printer confirms the datum point of the printer through the A, B, C coordinate, and the datum point is consistent with the transparent processing laser device. And then the area outside the transparent area 20 is subjected to ink jet to form an ink jet coating 30, so that the accurate positioning and the coincidence of the ink jet processing pattern and the transparent pattern which is subjected to film removal processing are realized, and the elimination of the reflection of the metal such as molybdenum on the back is realized. Therefore, the method only carries out ink-jet shielding on the area with the light reflection, does not have any shielding on the light transmission area, solves the problem of the light reflection, ensures good natural sunlight incidence, ensures the comfort level of indoor light, and brings good visual experience to users. The oil-jet ink printer is preferably a UV printer, UV ink is adopted, light-cured resin is taken as a dispersing agent in the UV ink, and the UV ink is irradiated by UV light energy to cause chemical reaction so as to cure the resin into a film. The UV ink adheres to the medium by the adhesive force of the resin, can form a film well even if the UV ink does not permeate, and can be printed on materials such as plastics, wood boards, metals, glass, ceramics and the like; the UV ink is environment-friendly and harmless to the body because the curing and film forming time is short and the solvent substances are not volatilized. After printing, the inkjet was cured by UV lamps. The spray heads of the oil spraying ink printer are multiple, the ink colors are multiple, and patterns with different colors can be printed.

In summary, the solar cell provided by the utility model has the advantages that the back surface of the glass substrate is sprayed with the ink coating except the transparent area, at least one transparent positioning point is arranged on the glass substrate, the positioning point is identified by the printer and is used as the reference point, the back surface of the substrate outside the transparent area is subjected to ink jet, the accurate positioning and the matching of the ink jet pattern and the laser processing transparent pattern are realized, and the back reflection elimination of various transparent patterns is realized. Therefore, the solar cell provided by the utility model only performs ink-jet shielding on the area with the light reflection, and does not have any shielding on the light transmission area, so that the problem of the light reflection is solved, good natural sunlight incidence is ensured, the comfort level of indoor light is ensured, and good visual experience is brought to users.

While the utility model has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the utility model thereto, and it is to be understood that other modifications and improvements may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, which is therefore defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that: the photoelectric conversion device comprises a substrate, a back electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion layer and a transparent conductive layer, wherein the back electrode layer, the photoelectric conversion layer and the transparent conductive layer are sequentially arranged on the front surface of the substrate, the back electrode layer, the photoelectric conversion layer and the transparent conductive layer in partial areas are removed to expose the substrate, a light transmission area is formed, and an ink coating is sprayed on the back surface of the substrate except the light transmission area.

2. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein: the substrate is a transparent glass substrate.

3. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein: the back electrode layer is a Mo layer, and the photoelectric conversion layer is formed by forming a PN junction by a CIGS film layer and a CdS layer; the transparent conductive layer is a BZO conductive film layer.

4. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein: the transparent conductive layer, the photoelectric conversion layer and the back electrode layer at the peripheral edge of the substrate are subjected to laser trimming treatment, and the annular substrate edge is exposed.

5. The solar cell of claim 2, wherein: the transparent area is formed by removing the back electrode layer, the photoelectric conversion layer and the transparent conductive layer through laser scribing, at least one transparent positioning point is further arranged on the glass substrate, and the back electrode layer, the photoelectric conversion layer and the transparent conductive layer are removed through laser at the positioning point.

6. The solar cell of claim 5, wherein: three transparent positioning points A, B, C are arranged on the glass substrate, the positioning points A, B form an X axis, the positioning points B, C form a Y axis, and the X axis and the Y axis are perpendicular.

7. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein: the light-transmitting area is strip-shaped or/and five-pointed star-shaped.

8. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein: the ink coating is formed by printing with an ink jet printer.

9. The solar cell of claim 8, wherein: the ink coating adopts UV ink, and after the UV ink is printed by ink jet, the ink jet is cured by a UV lamp.

10. The solar cell of claim 8, wherein: the spray heads of the oil spraying ink printer are multiple, the colors of the ink are multiple, and patterns with different colors are printed on the back surface of the substrate.