CN2216265Y

CN2216265Y - Transient response and voltage control range improved ac voltage control unit

Info

Publication number: CN2216265Y
Application number: CN 95206344
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林辉记
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1995-03-23
Filing date: 1995-03-23
Publication date: 1995-12-27
Anticipated expiration: 2005-03-23

Abstract

The utility model relates to an AC voltage stabilizer which can improve transient response and voltage stabilizing range. The utility model is composed of a low-pass filter circuit, a string-wave separation circuit, a voltage-reducing and width-modulating circuit, a reparation and width-modulating circuit, a string-wave recombination circuit, and an output low-pass filter circuit. The utility model separates the voltages of urban electricity into positive and negative half cycles first, and respectively repairs or reduces the input voltages by a switch transistor, a capacitor, an inductor, etc. Then, the voltages are recovered to stable rated string waves which are outputted. The utility model has the advantages of low dynamic output impedance, rapid response, optimal voltage stabilizing rate, optimal transient response and wide voltage stabilizing range. The utility model is particularly suitable for frequency start and products which have strict requirements of voltage stability.

Description

Transient response and voltage control range improved ac voltage control unit

The utility model relates to a kind of stable-pressure device of AC power, or rather, relates to a kind of AC voltage regulator equipment that can promote transient response and voltage stabilized range.

Because the fast development and the progress of industry and commerce, make electric power supply day be becoming tight, and the construction of generating plant because of land resource nervous with for the time longly seem that slow action cannot save a critical situation, therefore, whenever the peak of power consumption in summer, or the user is in power supply network when terminal, will produce the situation of electric power supply deficiency, causes supply voltage often to present non-steady state fluctuated.But have only the electric power stable-pressure device that uses a kind of burning voltage, Control of Voltage is decided voltage at a frequency, just can protect the regular event of consumer.

At present, normally used AC voltage regulator, the difference of complying with its control mode roughly has following several pattern:

(1) utilizes motor-driven auto-transformer type,, big heaviness of volume and the slow shortcoming of reaction velocity are arranged though this mode can produce burning voltage.

(2) magnetic resonance transformer type: utilize the resonance principle voltage stabilizing, but its working temperature height, noise is big, volume is big, heavy, and overload current is low.

(3) silicon controlled rectifier: electric current is done phasing degree control, and shortcoming is that output waveform has unfilled corner, and harmonic distortion is big, and its volume, weight are also extremely heavy.

(4) magnetic field saturation induction formula: utilize the saturation characteristic work of transformer, also have high noisy and heavy, bulky inconvenience.

(5) beat type or digital type: output voltage is non-linear, and with the ladder mode demodulating voltage of beating, voltage stabilizing rate variance, reaction are slow, and fiduciary level is low.

(6) phase shift or amplifier formula: be made of rectification and filtering circuit, its power input is low, efficient is poor, accuracy is low.

In a word, the present voltage stabilizer that uses, generally have following defective: (1) reaction velocity and transient response are poor: mechanical reaction velocity is about the 10-30 cycle and does not wait, electronic type be about the 3-5 cycle, magnetic resonance be about 1.5 cycles, but the dynamic output impedance of these several patterns is high, makes that its transient response is poor.(2) input voltage range is narrow: general electronic type only is ± 15%, the magnetic resonance formula is about ± and 20%, applicability is restricted.(3) voltage stabilizing rate and efficient are low: high though how most voltage stabilizing rate can meet 1-3% because of dynamic duty electric current and dynamic output impedance, make inefficiency, even not external as yet any load, body has been the condition of high temperature, can't actually use.(4) volume and weight: heaviness, huge shortcoming are generally arranged.

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of AC voltage-stabilizing apparatus that can overcome above-mentioned defective, have preferable function and efficient---can promote the AC voltage regulator of transient response and voltage stabilized range.

The utility model is achieved in that this device is made of casing and control circuit, and wherein control circuit includes:

An input low-pass filter circuit: this circuit by inductance L 11, L12 and capacitor C 11, C12, C13 and C14 and connect and form, one of rear end cross-over connection prevents the capacitor C 1 of low-frequency disturbance;

String wavelength-division is from circuit: by diode D1 and D3 and connect and constitute, be separated into positive and negative half cycle with the sine wave that will import;

A pressure reduction pulse width modulation circuit mainly is made of transistor Q1 and Q3, and wherein the collector of Q1 links to each other with the negative pole of diode D1, and the radio utmost point of Q3 and the positive pole of diode D3 join, and the base stage P1 of Q1, Q3, P3 can distinguish external input signal;

A ftercompction pulse width modulation circuit: mainly be that L1, L2 are connected respectively to the collector of Q2 and the radio utmost point of Q4, and the radio utmost point of Q2 also is connected with the collector of Q4, the base stage P2 of Q2, Q4, P4 can distinguish external input signal;

A string ripple recombinant circuit: be made up of anti-phase D2 that connects and D4, be reduced into the waveform combination that will originally separate and exchange the string ripple, the rear end cross-over connection has a high-frequency filter capacitor;

Output low-pass filter circuit: formed by inductance L O1, LO2 and capacitor C O1, CO2, CO3, CO4;

An error comparator circuit: be the AC sine reference waveform of the low distortion that will be produced by AC sine wave producer (OSC) and civil power supply frequency synchronously and the AC sine standard wave after phase-locked (PLL) and the feedback signal (LO, NO) of AC voltage regulator carry out error ratio, the high frequency triangle wave signal again that obtained error correction signal is other and the high frequency triangle wave generator is produced, through comparer relatively after, obtain with the fast-changing high frequency pulse-width modulation signal of civil power height; It is characterized in that: the electric main power supply of input is connected with the input low-pass filter circuit earlier, connects the string wavelength-division again from circuit, and it is separated into positive and negative half cycle waveform output, and its rear side is connected to decompression pulse-width modulation circuit and ftercompction pulse-width modulation circuit in proper order; The base stage of four switching transistors in above-mentioned two pulse-width modulation circuit then is connected with the output terminal of above-mentioned error comparator circuit respectively, so that input voltage is carried out after suitable decompression or the ftercompction after the output and string ripple recombinant circuit and the output low-pass filter circuit specified stabilized voltage supply of back output that is linked in sequence again.

Above-mentioned switching transistor Q1 and Q3 can adopt insulation grounded base transistor, normal transistor or field effect transistor.Above-mentioned switching transistor Q2 and Q4 can adopt insulation grounded base transistor, normal transistor or field effect transistor; During as field-effect transistors, must on its drain electrode or source electrode, be connected in series a forward diode.Above-mentioned telefault L1, L2 are used for filtering and boosting.This device be with the electric main power supply through the string wavelength-division after circuit is separated into positive and negative half cycle earlier, carry out voltage stabilizing more respectively.

Characteristics of the present utility model are: its control circuit is separated into line voltage earlier positive and negative half cycle, passes through switching transistor, electric capacity and inductance, cooperate pulse-width modulation to realize decompression or ftercompction effect, its dynamic internal resistance is low, and preferable transient response, efficient and voltage stabilizing rate are arranged.Owing to adopt the operating voltage that increases decompression or ftercompction, make its voltage stabilized range surpass ± 50%, realize wideer stabilized input voltage scope.Moreover, because abandoning tradition formula transformer is used elements such as light and handy switching transistor and inductance, electric capacity instead, make its volume and weight reduce greatly.Usually inductance and transformer are the elements that accounts for volume, weight and cost in the AC voltage regulator member most, and the employed inductance of the utility model only accounts for 5% of magnetic resonance formula approximately.For example, when output was designed to 1KVA, the utility model volume was about 50mm * 45mm * 45mm, and only about 270 grams of weight this shows that its overall volume, weight and cost all significantly reduce.

Fig. 1 is a control circuit block scheme of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a control electrical schematic diagram of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is the movement state diagram of switching transistor of the present utility model and coil.

The error ratio that Fig. 4 implements for the utility model is than block scheme.

Fig. 5 is a decompression oscillogram of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is a ftercompction oscillogram of the present utility model.

Fig. 7 be of the present utility model in Q2, Q3 answer the external wiring diagram of diode forward when implementing with field effect transistor.

Consult Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the utility model mainly is made up of casing and control circuit, wherein control circuit is made up of from circuit 12, decompression width modulation circuit 13, ftercompction width modulation circuit 14, string ripple recombinant circuit 15 and output low-pass filter circuit 16 input low-pass filter 11, string wavelength-division, and electric main is held input by L1, N1; Wherein import low-pass filter circuit 11 by inductance L 11, L12 and capacitor C 11, C12, C13 and C14 and connect and form, capacitor C 1 of rear end cross-over connection, its effect is to prevent low-frequency disturbance.By diode D1 and D3's and connect, make the sine wave of input be separated into positive and negative half cycle again; The negative pole of D1 then links to each other with the Q1 collector of decompression width modulation circuit 13, and the positive pole of D3 then joins with the radio utmost point of Q3.Mending width modulation circuit 14 mainly is the collector that L1 is connected to Q2, and L2 is connected the radio utmost point of Q4, and the radio utmost point of Q2 also links to each other with the collector of Q4.The waveform that utilizes D2 and the anti-phase configuration of D4 originally to separate again makes up and is reduced into sine wave, and cross-over connection thereafter has a high-frequency filter capacitor C2, and the rear end also and be connected to the low-pass filter circuit of being made up of LO1, LO2, CO1, CO2, CO3 and CO4 16.Wherein switching transistor Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are the best with the insulation grounded base transistor, and its base stage has input ends such as P1, P2, P3 and P4 respectively, with convenient civil power when too high or too low, import through the modulating signal of error comparator circuit after relatively.

Consult Fig. 4, the error comparator circuit is by AC sine baud generator (OSC) vibrate the earlier AC sine wave of low distortion, obtain synchronously with the supply frequency of civil power and after phase-locked (PLL), utilize this AC sine standard wave directly and feedback signal (the LO of AC voltage regulator, NO) make error ratio, in case feedback signal (LO, NO) error is arranged slightly, just can in time obtain error correction signal 42, the high frequency triangle wave signal 44 that this error correction signal 42 and high frequency triangle wave generator 43 are produced is after comparison, obtain with civil power height fast-changing high-frequency impulse width modulation signal (PWM), so that carry out ftercompction or decompression action in real time.In this way, can be when line voltage is fluctuated when undergoing mutation, only in one millisecond with regard to tens pulse signals of may command, carry out revisal or decompression operation in real time, to meet fast changing change in voltage, because this error comparison techniques is not a main patent category of the present utility model, so seldom give unnecessary details.

Consult Fig. 3 again, Fig. 5, when mains supply (L1) when exceeding ratings, be separated into positive half cycle A and negative half period B via D1 and D3, owing to need decompression, positive half cycle A is when switching transistor Q1, modulating signal P1-PE1(Fig. 3 of the back pulse width of base stage P1 input of Q1 is labeled as: anti-PWM), and negative half period B delivers to Q3, also import the modulating signal P3-PE3 of a back pulse width at the base stage P3 of Q3, it is carried out the high frequency cutting, make above-mentioned positive-negative half-cycle A, B converts the voltage C through decompression width modulation circuit 13 modulation process to, D(is referring to Fig. 2), pass through respectively: L1 and L2 do filtering and fill tortoise C2 again, make output become required low frequency ac, then, by string ripple combinational circuit 15 its combination is reduced into required standard sine wave voltage LO again.This moment, Q2 and Q4 were the OFF state, its base voltage P2-PE2, and P4-PE4 is all electronegative potential.

Otherwise, when mains supply L1 ' was lower than ratings, its waveform was separated into positive half cycle A ' and negative half period B ' via D1 and D3 as shown in Figure 6, positive half cycle A ' is divided into two loops: one is L1-L11-D1-Q1-L1-Q2-L12-N1, and the positive half cycle of its high frequency is done energy storage to L1; Another loop is L1-L11-D1-Q1-L1-D2-LO1-LO-NO-LO2-L12-N1, the positive half cycle of this high frequency drags as inductance can, C2 is charged, so that the voltage of C2 can rise to rated voltage, this moment Q3, Q4 base voltage (P3-PE3, P4-PE4 ') is low-voltage, so Q3, Q4 are the OFF state; And the base stage of Q1 is noble potential P1-PE1 ', makes Q1 be the ON state, and the base stage of Q2 is then imported a pulse width modulation signal (P2-PE2 ').

Negative half period B ' also is divided into two loops: one is L1-L11-D3-Q3-L2-Q4-L12-N1, its high frequency negative half cycle is made inductive energy storage to L2, what of its energy storage are according to the error of input line voltage and stabilizer output voltage and decide, if differ the more, then need many ftercompctions, thereby pulse width is wideer, and energy storage is just bigger; And another loop is: L1-L11-D3-Q3-L2-Q4-L12-N1, the energy storage energy of this L2 also drags and is placed on C2, so that the voltage of this negative half period B ' can rise to rated voltage, at this moment, Q1, Q2 is the OFF state, the base stage input voltage is an electronegative potential, and the base stage P3 of Q3 is noble potential (P3-PE3 '), so Q3 is the ON state, as for the base stage P4 of Q4 input pulse width modulating signal (P4-PE4 ') then, after pulse-width modulation just, the negative half period voltage waveform is respectively as the E of Fig. 6, (annotate: this oscillogram during for no C2), via string ripple recombinant circuit 15 its combination is reduced into required specified string wave voltage LO ' at last and finishes ftercompction and move shown in the F.

What remark additionally is, though switching transistor Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 explain with the insulation grounded base transistor hereinbefore, but also can adopt normal transistor or field effect transistor replaces it, just when if Q2, Q4 replace with field effect transistor, its source electrode also need be connected in series (forward) diode (as shown in Figure 7) for it with draining.

In a word, the utility model is earlier line voltage to be separated into positive and negative half cycle, with elements such as switching transistor to the input sine wave give respectively ftercompction or the decompression after, recombinant is reduced into a stable rated voltage output, abandon fully that elements such as in the past adopting transformer responds that speed is slow, transient response is poor, voltage stabilizing rate and efficient is low, and the shortcoming that volume weight is very heavy, advantage such as have that dynamic output impedance is low, reaction is fast, voltage stabilizing rate and efficient height, transient response are good.

Claims

1, a kind of AC voltage regulator of promoting transient response and voltage stabilized range is made of casing and control circuit, and wherein control circuit includes:

2, AC voltage regulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned switching transistor Q1 and Q3 can adopt insulation grounded base transistor, normal transistor or field effect transistor.

3, AC voltage regulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned switching transistor Q2 and Q4 can adopt insulation grounded base transistor, normal transistor or field effect transistor; During as field-effect transistors, must on its drain electrode or source electrode, be connected in series a forward diode.

4, AC voltage regulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned telefault L1, L2 are used for filtering and boosting

5, AC voltage regulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: this device be with the electric main power supply through the string wavelength-division after circuit is separated into positive and negative half cycle earlier, carry out voltage stabilizing more respectively.