CN221405075U

CN221405075U - Push-pull force testing machine for needle

Info

Publication number: CN221405075U
Application number: CN202323400548.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 画熙龙; 程茂源; 董德胜
Original assignee: Henan Diantong Dental Materials Co ltd
Current assignee: Henan Diantong Dental Materials Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-12-13
Filing date: 2023-12-13
Publication date: 2024-07-23
Anticipated expiration: 2033-12-13

Abstract

The utility model provides a push-pull force testing machine for a needle, which comprises a frame, a push-pull force meter and a clamp, wherein the push-pull force meter and the clamp are arranged in a moving way relative to the frame. The push-pull gauge is used for applying force to the needle along the radial direction of the needle. The clamp comprises a supporting block and a clamping block. The supporting block is arranged on the frame. The supporting block is provided with a mounting surface, and an accommodating groove is formed in the mounting surface and used for placing the needle. The clamping block is detachably arranged on the mounting surface. The clamping block is configured to define a clamping space with the accommodating groove when the clamping block is mounted on the mounting surface so as to clamp the vehicle needle. The push-pull force testing machine for the vehicle needle provided by the utility model has the advantages that the clamping on the vehicle needle is firm, the vehicle needle is uniformly stressed, and the shaking condition is not easy to occur.

Description

Push-pull force testing machine for needle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of push-pull force testing equipment, in particular to a push-pull force testing machine for a vehicle needle.

Background

The needle is a consumable appliance for dentists, is a tiny steel needle, consists of a needle head and a needle handle, can be inserted into a high-low speed mobile phone for use, and helps the dentists to open dental cavities, repair teeth and the like. The existing high-speed tungsten steel dental needle is mainly sold in the market, the handle of the whole tungsten steel working part is made of the whole tungsten steel, the needle has no welding seam, the needle is required to be ensured not to turn around and deform during processing or clinical use, the concentricity is extremely high, the needle does not swing, the rotation is stable, the mobile phone is not damaged, and the patient has no vibration feeling. Therefore, before the vehicle needle leaves the factory, a certain acting force is applied to the vehicle needle along the radial direction of the vehicle needle, and then parameters such as the maximum deformation or concentricity of the vehicle needle are detected to determine whether the vehicle needle is qualified.

When a force is applied to the needle, a push-pull force tester is often used. However, the push-pull force testing machine in the prior art is not provided with a clamp special for clamping the car needle, the car needle is clamped by using a universal clamp, the contact area of the clamp and the car needle is small, the stress is uneven, the clamping is unstable frequently, the car needle is easy to shake in the stress process, and the detection of the car needle is further affected.

Disclosure of utility model

In view of the above problems, the present utility model has been made to provide a push-pull force tester for a vehicle needle that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems, and has firm grip on the vehicle needle, uniform stress on the vehicle needle, and less possibility of shaking.

Specifically, the utility model provides a push-pull force testing machine for a car needle, which comprises a machine frame, a push-pull force meter and a clamp, wherein the push-pull force meter is arranged in a moving way relative to the machine frame and is used for applying a force to the car needle along the radial direction of the car needle, and the clamp comprises:

The support block is arranged on the frame; the supporting block is provided with a mounting surface, and an accommodating groove is formed in the mounting surface and used for accommodating the needle;

The clamping block is detachably arranged on the mounting surface; the clamping block is configured to define a clamping space with the accommodating groove to clamp the needle when the clamping block is mounted on the mounting surface.

Optionally, the number of the accommodating grooves is at least two; the cross-sectional areas of at least two of the receiving grooves are unequal.

Optionally, the cross section of the accommodating groove is trapezoidal, and an end of the accommodating groove, which is close to the clamping block, is larger than an end of the accommodating groove, which is far away from the clamping block.

Optionally, the clamp further comprises a first locking bolt; the clamping block is provided with a first through mounting hole, and the supporting block is provided with a second mounting hole; the clamping block is mounted on the supporting block through the first locking bolt, the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole.

Optionally, the push-pull force tester is a vertical push-pull force tester;

The rack comprises a base and a support vertically arranged on the base;

The push-pull force gauge is arranged on the support in a vertically movable manner, and the clamp is arranged on the base and is positioned below the push-pull force gauge; the receiving groove extends in a horizontal direction.

Optionally, the mounting surface is located at an upper end of the support block.

Optionally, the clamp is adjustably disposed on the base in a front-to-rear direction and in a left-to-right direction.

Optionally, the push-pull force testing machine further comprises a first adjusting structure and a second adjusting structure;

The first adjusting structure is used for allowing the clamp to move relative to the base along the front-back direction; the second adjusting structure is used for allowing the clamp to move relative to the base along the left-right direction;

The first adjustment structure includes:

The adjusting plate is arranged on the base and provided with a strip hole extending along the front-back direction; the clamp is arranged on the adjusting plate through the second adjusting structure;

The second locking bolt passes through the strip hole and is mounted on the base, and the second locking bolt is adjustably arranged along the length direction of the strip hole;

The second adjustment structure includes:

The fixed plate is arranged on the adjusting plate; the fixed plate is provided with a chute extending along the left-right direction; the clamp is positioned above the fixed plate;

the guide block is connected to the lower end of the clamp through a third locking bolt, is positioned in the sliding groove and can be adjustably arranged along the length direction of the sliding groove.

Optionally, the push-pull force testing machine further comprises a hook and a pressing block, wherein the hook and the pressing block are alternatively arranged on the push-pull force meter;

When the push-pull force gauge moves, the hook or the pressing block is driven to move so as to apply a pulling force or a pressing force to the car needle along the radial direction of the car needle.

Optionally, the push-pull force tester further comprises a driving device, wherein the driving device is used for driving the push-pull force meter to move relative to the rack;

The driving device includes:

a power device; the device is arranged on the frame and used for outputting rotary motion;

A transmission device; the transmission device is arranged on the frame and is configured to convert the rotary motion of the power device into the movement of the push-pull force meter.

In the push-pull force testing machine for the car needle, the holding groove is formed in the supporting block, the length direction of the car needle is overlapped with the length direction of the holding groove, so that the contact area of the car needle and the holding groove is large, after the clamping block is arranged on the supporting block, the clamping space defined by the clamping block and the holding groove clamps the car needle firmly, the car needle is stressed uniformly, and the car needle is not easy to shake.

The above, as well as additional objectives, advantages, and features of the present utility model will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of a specific embodiment of the present utility model when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

Some specific embodiments of the utility model will be described in detail hereinafter by way of example and not by way of limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts or portions. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a push-pull force tester according to one embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic partial block diagram of a push-pull force tester according to one embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic partial block diagram of a push-pull force tester according to another view of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a jig according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

A push-pull force tester for a vehicle needle according to an embodiment of the present utility model will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4. In the description of the present embodiment, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature, i.e. one or more such features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise. When a feature "comprises or includes" a feature or some of its coverage, this indicates that other features are not excluded and may further include other features, unless expressly stated otherwise.

Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," "secured," "coupled," and the like should be construed broadly, as they may be connected, either permanently or removably, or integrally; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand the specific meaning of the terms described above in the present utility model as the case may be.

Furthermore, in the description of the present embodiments, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through another feature therebetween. That is, in the description of the present embodiment, the first feature being "above", "over" and "upper" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature "under", "beneath", or "under" a second feature may be a first feature directly under or diagonally under the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, a description referring to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a push-pull force tester according to an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1, and referring to fig. 2 to 4, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a push-pull force tester 100 for a needle including a frame 110, a push-pull gauge 120, and a clamp 130. The push-pull gauge 120 is movably disposed with respect to the frame 110, and the push-pull gauge 120 is configured to apply a force to the needle in a radial direction of the needle. The clamp 130 includes a support block 131 and a clamp block 132. The supporting block 131 is disposed on the frame 110. The support block 131 has a mounting surface on which a receiving groove 134 is provided for placing a needle. The clamp block 132 is detachably disposed on the mounting surface. The clamp block 132 is configured such that when the clamp block 132 is mounted on a mounting surface, the clamp block 132 and the receiving groove 134 define a clamping space for clamping a needle. When the needle is placed in the accommodating groove 134, the longitudinal direction of the needle coincides with the longitudinal direction of the accommodating groove 134.

In the push-pull force testing machine 100 for a vehicle needle according to the embodiment of the utility model, when in operation, the clamping block 132 is detached from the supporting block 131, then the vehicle needle is placed in the accommodating groove 134, and then the clamping block 132 is mounted on the supporting block 131, and at this time, the accommodating groove 134 of the supporting block 131 and the clamping block 132 cooperate to clamp the vehicle needle. Finally, the push-pull gauge 120 is moved such that the push-pull gauge 120 applies a force to the needle in the radial direction of the needle. In the clamp 130 of this embodiment, since the supporting block 131 is provided with the accommodating groove 134, and the length direction of the needle coincides with the length direction of the accommodating groove 134, the contact area between the needle and the accommodating groove 134 is large, after the clamping block 132 is mounted on the supporting block 131, the clamping space defined by the clamping block 132 and the accommodating groove clamps the needle firmly, the stress of the needle is uniform, and the needle is not easy to shake.

The push-pull gauge 120 is a mechanical measuring instrument for push and pull testing. The push-pull gauge 120 includes a digital push-pull gauge 120, a pointer push-pull gauge 120, and the like, and may be selected as desired.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, there are at least two receiving grooves 134. The cross-sectional areas of at least two of the receiving grooves 134 are unequal.

Since the diameters of the needles are different from each other, the size requirements of the accommodating groove 134 are also different from each other. In this embodiment, the cross sections of the at least two receiving grooves 134 have different areas, and when the vehicle needle is clamped, the vehicle needle is placed in the corresponding receiving groove 134, so that the fixing of the vehicle needle is firmer after the clamping block 132 is mounted on the supporting block 131. The number of the accommodation grooves 134 in the present embodiment may be set as needed.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 4, the cross section of the receiving groove 134 is trapezoidal, and an end of the receiving groove 134 near the clamping block 132 is larger than an end of the receiving groove 134 remote from the clamping block 132.

In this embodiment, the size of the open end of the accommodating groove 134 is larger than the size of the sealed end, so that the needle can enter the accommodating groove 134 through the open end of the large end. And the car needle is getting into the holding tank 134 after, under the extrusion effect of clamp splice 132, the car needle can more fully contact with the end of sealing of tip, and the extrusion force is bigger, and the car needle is difficult for producing to rock in this holding tank 134, and then better to the centre gripping effect of car needle.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1-4, the clamp 130 further includes a first lock bolt 133. The clamping block 132 is provided with a first through mounting hole, and the supporting block 131 is provided with a second through mounting hole. The clamp block 132 is mounted on the support block 131 through a first locking bolt 133, a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole.

In this embodiment, during installation, the first locking bolt 133 passes through the first installation hole and penetrates into the second installation hole, the first locking bolt 133 is rotated, the first locking bolt 133 is screwed into the second installation hole, and the clamping block 132 is installed on the supporting block 131 through threaded fit between the first locking bolt 133 and the second installation hole. During disassembly, the first locking bolt 133 is reversely rotated, so that the first locking bolt 133 is disengaged from the second mounting hole, the clamping block 132 can be disassembled from the supporting block 131, and at this time, the needle can be placed in the accommodating groove 134 on the supporting block 131. Of course, the first locking bolt 133 and the second mounting hole may not be completely disengaged, so long as the clamping block 132 may be moved away from the supporting block 131 by a certain distance, so that the needle may be placed into the accommodating groove 134.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in FIG. 1, the push-pull force tester 100 is a vertical push-pull force tester. The frame 110 includes a base 111 and a support 112 vertically provided on the base 111. The push-pull gauge 120 is movably disposed on the support 112, and the clamp 130 is disposed on the base 111 below the push-pull gauge 120. The receiving groove 134 extends in a horizontal direction.

In this embodiment, the needle is horizontally placed in the accommodating groove 134, and the longitudinal direction of the needle coincides with the longitudinal direction of the accommodating groove 134. The clamping block 132 is arranged on the supporting block 131 to finish clamping and fixing the needle. The push-pull gauge 120 is moved in the up-down direction, so that the push-pull gauge 120 applies a force in the up-down direction to the needle. The vertical push-pull force tester 100 in this embodiment is simple in structure and occupies a small space in the horizontal direction.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the mounting surface is located at the upper end of the support block 131. In this embodiment, that is, the opening of the accommodating groove 134 is upward, the needle may be placed in the accommodating groove 134 from the upper opening of the accommodating groove 134, and the needle may not fall after being placed in the accommodating groove 134. By the arrangement, the clamping block 132 is arranged at the upper end of the supporting block 131, so that the supporting block 131 has good supporting effect on the clamping block 132 and the vehicle needle when the force along the up-down direction is applied to the vehicle needle. In addition, when the car needle is clamped, because the holding groove 134 has the supporting effect on the car needle and the upper end of the supporting block 131 has the supporting effect on the clamping block 132, the car needle and the clamping block 132 do not need to be held, the clamping work can be completed by one hand, the manpower consumption is reduced, and the installation process is simplified.

In some alternative embodiments of the utility model, the mounting surface is located at the lower end of the support block 131. The arrangement is such that the opening of the accommodating groove 134 is downward, and the needle can be placed in the accommodating groove 134 from the lower opening of the accommodating groove 134. The clamp block 132 is fixed to the mounting surface from below the support block 131. In this embodiment, when clamping the needle, one hand is required to hold the needle and the clamping block 132, and the other hand is required to fix the clamping block 132.

In other alternative embodiments of the present utility model, the mounting surface is located on one side of the support block 131 in the horizontal direction. The arrangement is such that the opening of the accommodation groove 134 is directed to one side of the supporting block 131 in the horizontal direction, and the needle may be placed in the accommodation groove 134 from the opening of the one side of the accommodation groove 134. The clamp block 132 is fixed to the mounting surface from one side of the support block 131. In this embodiment, when clamping the needle, one hand is required to hold the needle and the clamping block 132, and the other hand is required to fix the clamping block 132.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, the clamp 130 is adjustably disposed on the base 111 in the front-rear direction and in the left-right direction.

In this embodiment, since the clamp 130 can move back and forth and move left and right with respect to the base 111, the front, back, left and right positions of the clamp 130 can be adjusted, so that the cart mounted on the clamp 130 can be directed against the push-pull gauge 120, and the push-pull gauge 120 can apply a force along the radial direction of the cart needle to the cart needle.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1-4, the push-pull force tester 100 further includes a first adjustment structure 140 and a second adjustment structure 150. The first adjustment structure 140 is used to allow movement of the clamp 130 in a front-to-rear direction relative to the base 111. The second adjustment structure 150 is used to allow movement of the clamp 130 in a left-right direction relative to the base 111. The first adjustment structure 140 includes an adjustment plate 141 and a second locking bolt 143. The adjustment plate 141 is provided on the base 111, and the adjustment plate 141 is provided with a long hole 142 extending in the front-rear direction. The clamp 130 is disposed on the adjustment plate 141 through the second adjustment structure 150. The second locking bolt 143 passes through the elongated hole 142 and is mounted on the base 111, and the second locking bolt 143 is adjustably disposed along the length direction of the elongated hole 142. The second adjustment structure 150 includes a fixing plate 151 and a guide block 153. The fixing plate 151 is disposed on the adjustment plate 141. The fixed plate 151 is provided with a chute 152 extending in the left-right direction. The clamp 130 is located above the fixing plate 151. The guide block 153 is connected to the lower end of the clamp 130 by a third locking bolt 154, and the guide block 153 is located in the sliding groove 152 and is adjustably disposed along the length direction of the sliding groove 152.

In this embodiment, to adjust the position of the clamp 130 in the front-rear direction, the second locking bolt 143 is rotated to release the second locking bolt 143, the locking of the adjusting plate 141 is released, then the adjusting plate 141 is moved in the front-rear direction, the long hole 142 and the second locking bolt 143 are moved relatively, and after moving to a proper position, the second locking bolt 143 is rotated reversely to lock the adjusting plate 141. In moving the adjustment plate 141, the clamp 130 is also moved in synchronization with the adjustment plate 141, so that the adjustment of the clamp 130 in the front-rear direction is achieved. To adjust the position of the clamp 130 in the left-right direction, the third locking bolt 154 is rotated to release the third locking bolt 154, the lock between the guide block 153 and the clamp 130 is released, the clamp 130 is moved to a proper position in the left-right direction, and the third locking bolt 154 is rotated in the opposite direction to lock the guide block 153 and the clamp 130, so that the adjustment of the clamp 130 in the left-right direction is realized. Wherein, the chute 152 and the guide block 153 in the second adjusting structure 150 facilitate the movement of the fixture 130. Moreover, the first and second adjustment structures 140 and 150 are simple in structure and convenient to design and manufacture.

In some alternative embodiments of the present utility model, the first adjustment structure 140 may also employ a structure of a guide block 153, a slide groove 152 and a locking bolt. The second adjustment structure 150 may also be a structure of the elongated hole 142 and the locking bolt. The specific structural forms of the first and second adjustment structures 140 and 150 can be freely combined as desired.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the support block 131 includes a vertical block and a horizontal block, and the horizontal block is connected to a lower end of the vertical block. The upper end of the vertical block is used for mounting the clamping block, and the horizontal block is connected with the guide block 153 through a third locking bolt 154. The vertical block and the horizontal block can be integrally formed.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, two elongated holes 142 are provided at both left and right ends of the adjustment plate 141, respectively, and correspondingly, two second locking bolts 143 are provided. Two through holes are formed in two ends of the vertical block, correspondingly, two third locking bolts 154 are arranged, and each third locking bolt 154 is respectively arranged in one through hole.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in FIG. 1, the push-pull force tester 100 further includes a hook 160 and a press block, the hook 160 and press block alternatively being mounted on the push-pull force gauge 120. When the push-pull gauge 120 moves, the hook 160 or the pressing block is driven to move so as to apply a pulling force or a pressing force to the needle along the radial direction of the needle.

In this embodiment, when the push-pull gauge 120 applies a pulling force to the needle, the hook 160 may be mounted on the push-pull gauge 120, and after the needle is mounted, the hook 160 is hooked on the needle, and then the push-pull gauge 120 is moved in a direction away from the needle to apply a pulling force to the needle. When the push-pull force gauge 120 applies pressure to the needle, the pressing block can be mounted on the push-pull force gauge 120, and after the needle is mounted, the push-pull force gauge 120 is moved to a direction close to the needle, so that the pressing block abuts against the needle to apply pressure to the needle. In this embodiment, the push-pull force tester 100 can apply a tensile force or a compressive force to the needle according to the need due to the hook 160 and the pressing block.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in FIG. 1, the push-pull force tester 100 further includes a driving device for driving the push-pull force gauge 120 to move relative to the frame 110. The drive means comprises a power means 171 and a transmission means 172. The power device 171 is provided on the frame 110 for outputting the rotational movement. A transmission 172 is provided on the housing 110, the transmission 172 being configured to convert rotational movement of the power device 171 into movement of the push-pull gauge 120. In this embodiment, the power device 171 rotates, and the rotation is converted into movement of the push-pull gauge 120 by the transmission device 172.

In some embodiments of the utility model, as shown in FIG. 1, the power device 171 is a hand wheel. In this embodiment, the output rotational movement is achieved by manually rotating the hand wheel. The hand wheel provided in this embodiment is driven by manpower without using a complicated power device 171, so that not only can the energy consumption be reduced, but also the cost can be reduced. The hand wheel in this embodiment includes a rotating wheel, and a handle and a connecting portion respectively connected to both ends of the rotating wheel, the handle being connected to an edge of the rotating wheel, the connecting portion being for connection with the transmission 172. Due to the arrangement of the handle, the hand wheel is rotated by the handle, so that labor can be saved.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the power device 171 is an electric motor. In this embodiment, the motor drives the transmission device 172, so as to achieve the driving purpose. The motor that this embodiment set up can reduce the manpower consumption, reduces intensity of labour, also can improve work efficiency simultaneously.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, the transmission 172 may be a rack and pinion transmission, a nut and screw transmission, or other transmission, as long as it is capable of converting rotational motion into movement. The user can select according to the needs.

By now it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described herein in detail, many other variations or modifications of the utility model consistent with the principles of the utility model may be directly ascertained or inferred from the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Accordingly, the scope of the present utility model should be understood and deemed to cover all such other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A push-pull force tester for a vehicle needle, comprising a frame and a push-pull force gauge movably arranged relative to the frame, the push-pull force gauge being used for applying a force to the vehicle needle in a radial direction of the vehicle needle, the push-pull force tester being characterized by further comprising a clamp, the clamp comprising:

2. The push-pull force tester according to claim 1, wherein,

The number of the accommodating grooves is at least two; the cross-sectional areas of at least two of the receiving grooves are unequal.

3. The push-pull force tester according to claim 1, wherein,

The cross section of the accommodating groove is trapezoid, and one end, close to the clamping block, of the accommodating groove is larger than one end, far away from the clamping block, of the accommodating groove.

4. The push-pull force tester of claim 1, wherein the clamp further comprises a first locking bolt; the clamping block is provided with a first through mounting hole, and the supporting block is provided with a second mounting hole; the clamping block is mounted on the supporting block through the first locking bolt, the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole.

5. The push-pull force tester according to claim 1, wherein,

The push-pull force testing machine is a vertical push-pull force testing machine;

The rack comprises a base and a support vertically arranged on the base;

6. The push-pull force tester according to claim 5, wherein,

The mounting surface is positioned at the upper end of the supporting block.

7. The push-pull force tester according to claim 5, wherein,

The clamp is adjustably arranged on the base along the front-back direction and the left-right direction.

8. The push-pull force tester of claim 7, further comprising a first adjustment structure and a second adjustment structure;

The first adjustment structure includes:

The second adjustment structure includes:

9. The push-pull force tester according to claim 1, further comprising a hook and a press block, said hook and said press block being alternatively mounted on said push-pull force gauge;

10. The push-pull force tester according to claim 1, further comprising a driving device for driving the push-pull force gauge to move relative to the frame;

The driving device includes: