CN221084313U - Dialyser - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly discloses a dialyzer which comprises a shell, an end cover, a hollow fiber bundle, sealant and a sleeve. Wherein, the both ends of casing are equipped with the circulation mouth respectively, and the end cover is connected in the both ends of casing respectively, and hollow fiber bundle and sealant are located in the casing. The two sleeves are respectively sleeved in the two ends of the shell, a plurality of gaps are formed in the sleeves, the sealant is respectively filled between the two ends of the hollow fiber bundles and the two ends of the shell, and the circulation port is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell through the gaps. According to the dialyzer provided by the utility model, the shell, the sleeve and the hollow fiber bundles can be respectively bonded by the sealant due to the existence of the sleeve, so that the bonding force of the sealant is improved, and the occurrence of separation of the rubber shell is avoided; meanwhile, the sleeve occupies a certain volume at the end part, so that the use amount of sealant can be saved, and the cost is greatly saved.

Description

Dialyser

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a dialyzer.

Background

Hemodialysis uses the principle of semi-permeable membrane to remove various harmful and excessive metabolic wastes and excessive electrolytes from the body by diffusion and convection, so as to achieve the purposes of purifying blood and correcting water electrolyte and acid-base balance. The hemodialysis device is a pipeline and a container for exchanging solutes between blood and dialysate, and is a key part of hemodialysis.

Conventional dialyzers include a bundle of hollow fibers, a housing, a seal layer, and an end cap. The hollow fiber filaments are synthesized into a bundle, the bundle is placed in a transparent cylindrical shell, two sides of the bundle are sealed by nontoxic medical polyurethane adhesive and fixed with the shell, an opening of the hollow fiber is arranged outside the sealing layer, the outer end of the hollow fiber is screwed and closed by a dome-shaped cover to form a blood chamber, and the cover top opening is used for connecting a blood path tube. The performance of the dialyzer is related to the hollow fibers used, the membrane area, the end caps, and the housing structure. Through optimizing the structural design of the shell, the flowing state of the dialyzate in the dialyzate can be improved, and the material exchange efficiency during dialysis is improved, so that the treatment effect is improved.

The core of the dialyzer is a hollow fiber with a large number of small holes distributed therein. During dialysis, blood flows through the hollow fiber in the reverse direction, and dialysate flows out of the hollow fiber, solutes and water in small molecules in the hemodialysis liquid are exchanged through small holes in the hollow fiber, and the end result of the exchange is that uremic toxins, electrolytes and redundant water in the blood enter the dialysate to be removed, and bicarbonate and electrolytes in the dialysate enter the blood. Thereby achieving the purposes of removing toxins and moisture, maintaining acid-base balance and stabilizing the internal environment.

In the conventional dialyzer, hollow fiber wires are distributed in a circular surface at a certain distance from the outer edge of the shell, and the area outside the circular surface at the end part of the conventional dialyzer is filled with sealant, so that the cost is increased, and the sealant is easy to separate from a rubber shell at the edge with larger shrinkage strain due to temperature change, so that the reliability of a product is influenced.

In summary, how to effectively solve the problems of large filling amount of the end sealant of the dialyzer, high cost, easy separation of the gel shell and the like is a problem to be solved by the current technicians in the field.

Disclosure of utility model

In view of the above, the present utility model aims to provide a dialyzer, which can effectively solve the problems of large filling amount of end sealant of the dialyzer, high cost and easy separation of the gel shell due to the structural design of the dialyzer.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

the dialyzer comprises a shell, end covers connected to two ends of the shell, a hollow fiber bundle and sealant, wherein the hollow fiber bundle and the sealant are arranged in the shell, and the outer side walls of the two ends of the shell are respectively provided with a circulation port; the sealing glue is filled between the two ends of the hollow fiber bundles and the two ends of the shell respectively, and the circulation port is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell through the gaps.

Optionally, in the dialyzer, the slit is disposed obliquely with respect to an extending direction of the hollow fiber bundle.

Optionally, in the dialyzer, a top end width of the gap is greater than a bottom end width of the gap.

Optionally, in the dialyzer, a top end of the gap is immersed in the sealant.

Optionally, in the dialyzer, an inner diameter of each sleeve gradually decreases from a top end toward the end cover to a bottom end away from the end cover.

Optionally, in the dialyzer, two ends of the sleeve are ring-shaped with closed periphery.

Optionally, in the dialyzer, a step surface is provided on an inner wall of the housing, a limit protrusion is provided on an end of the housing opposite to the step surface, and two ends of the sleeve respectively abut against the limit protrusion and the step surface.

Optionally, in the dialyzer, one of the outer wall of the sleeve and the inner wall of the housing is provided with a groove, and the other is provided with a clamping table for clamping with the groove.

Optionally, in the dialyzer, at least one circle of blood blocking ribs are arranged on the end face, facing the sleeve, of the end cover, the inner diameter of each blood blocking rib is larger than the inner diameter of the top end, facing the end cover, of the sleeve, and the end part of each blood blocking rib is inserted into the sealant.

Optionally, in the dialyzer, a plurality of positioning ribs are arranged on the inner wall of the end cover along the circumferential direction, and the distance between two opposite positioning ribs is equal to the outer diameter of the end part of the shell.

Optionally, in the dialyzer, the end cover is connected with the casing by welding.

The utility model provides a dialyzer which comprises a shell, an end cover, a hollow fiber bundle, sealant and a sleeve. Wherein, the both ends lateral wall of casing is equipped with the circulation mouth respectively, and the end cover is connected in the both ends of casing respectively, and hollow fiber bundle and sealant are located in the casing. The two sleeves are respectively sleeved in the two ends of the shell, a plurality of gaps are formed in the sleeves, the sealant is respectively filled between the two ends of the hollow fiber bundles and the two ends of the shell, and the circulation port is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell through the gaps.

According to the dialyzer provided by the utility model, the sleeves are respectively arranged at the two ends of the shell, and the shell, the sleeves and the hollow fiber bundles can be respectively bonded by the sealant, so that the bonding force of the sealant is improved, and the separation of rubber shells is not easy to occur; in addition, because the structure of the end part of the shell and the sleeve occupy a certain volume at the end part, the using amount of the sealant can be saved, and the cost is greatly saved. On the other hand, the sleeve can play a constraint role on the hollow fiber bundle, so that the hollow fiber bundle can be well attached to the inner cavity of the dialyzer and the inner wall of the sleeve, and the hollow fiber bundle cannot cross the inner wall of the sleeve, so that a sealing structure is conveniently arranged between the sleeve and the end cover, and the blocking of the hollow fiber bundle is not caused.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dialyzer according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the external structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view in section A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a first slit;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second slit;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a third slit;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a fourth slit;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a fifth slit;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another sleeve mated with a housing;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view in section B-B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of an end cap;

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the semi-sectional structure of fig. 13.

The figures are marked as follows:

the device comprises a shell 1, a hollow fiber bundle 2, a sealant 3, an end cover 4, a sleeve 5, a flow port 11, a gap 51, a step surface 12, a limit protrusion 13, a sleeve flange 52, a clamping table 53, a blood blocking rib 41 and a positioning rib 42.

Detailed Description

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a dialyzer, which is used for reducing the filling amount of sealing glue at the end part of the dialyzer, reducing the cost and reducing the risk of separation of glue shells.

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

Dialyzers are locations where exchange of substances between blood and the outside occurs, and therefore, the performance of a dialyzer depends on the environment it creates for substance transfer, such as pressure, temperature, flow rate, concentration, etc. To improve the performance of the dialyzer, the above conditions can be optimized by changing the dialyzer structure to improve the mass transfer efficiency. The exchange of substances in dialyzers is mainly achieved by the following three ways: dispersing, convection and adsorption.

Solute transport from the higher concentration side to the lower concentration side by means of concentration gradients, a phenomenon known as diffusion. The energy source for the diffuse transport of solutes comes from the irregular movement of the molecules or particles of the solute themselves, i.e. brownian motion. To enhance the effect of dispersion, to ensure that there is a concentration difference and sufficient dispersion time. The concentration difference is determined by the formulation and the ratio of the dialysate, but if the flow rate of the dialysate in the dialyzer is not uniform, the concentration distribution in the dialysis is also not uniform, thereby reducing the mass transfer efficiency. The cause of the uneven flow of the dialysate is related to the shape of the housing and the packing density of the hollow fiber bundles in the dialyzer. The shell of the existing dialyzer is in a straight cylinder shape, the filling density is the same everywhere, when the membrane filaments are wetted by the dialysate, the filaments can be gathered into a plurality of strands under the action of liquid tension, and gaps can be reserved between the strands, so that the difference of local filling densities occurs. The high packing density is located at a position where the resistance to the flow of the dialysate is greater than at a low position, and depending on the characteristics of the flow of the liquid, the dialysate flows along the position where the resistance is minimum, i.e., a so-called "channeling effect" is formed. This results in a portion of the dialysate flowing out of the dialysate without sufficient contact with the filaments. Increasing the packing density of the filaments reduces this but also increases the resistance to penetration of the dialysate into the centre of the filament bundle. Resulting in a different flow velocity at the center of the fiber bundle than at the outer ring. On the premise of a certain flow of the dialyzate, the longer the dialyzate is, the longer the corresponding contact time between the dialyzate and the fiber yarn is, so that the better the dispersion effect is.

The movement of solutes through the semipermeable membrane along with the solvent is known as convection. It is not affected by the molecular weight of the solute and its concentration gradient difference, and the dynamics of the transmembrane is the hydrostatic pressure difference across the filament, the so-called solute drag. Thus, increasing the pressure differential between the inside and outside of the filament can increase convection. The blood and the dialysate flow in opposite directions in the dialyzer, the blood pressure being greater than the dialysate pressure at the blood inlet and vice versa at the outlet, so that during dialysis, water in the blood passes out through the dialyzer first and then through the membrane. In order to control the flow rate, comprehensive consideration needs to be given to the inner diameter, the length, the filling density of the fiber yarn and the like of the product.

In the application, the sleeves are additionally arranged at the two ends of the shell to play the roles of diversion, constraint and reinforcement, thereby improving the performance of the dialyzer. In the following embodiments, the structure of the sleeve and the matching relationship between the housing and the sleeve and the end cap, and the sealing compound will be mainly described.

Referring to fig. 1-4, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dialyzer according to an embodiment of the present utility model; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the external structure of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a schematic view in section A-A of FIG. 2; fig. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of fig. 3.

In one embodiment, the present utility model provides a dialyzer comprising a housing 1, an end cap 4, a hollow fiber bundle 2, a sealant 3, and a sleeve 5. Wherein, the both ends lateral wall of casing 1 is equipped with circulation mouth 11 respectively, and end cover 4 is connected in the both ends of casing 1 respectively, and hollow fiber bundle 2 and sealant 3 locate in the casing 1. Two sleeves 5 are respectively sleeved in the two ends of the shell 1. After filling the sealant 3, the sleeve 5 is immersed in the sealant 3 toward the top of the end cap 4, and thus the sealant 3 and the sleeve 5 form a single body, so that the connection reliability between the sealant 3 and the sleeve 5 is improved. Since the position where the separation of the rubber shell occurs is usually the position where the shrinkage strain is the largest due to the temperature change, the straight tube inner cavity is designed, and the sealant 3 is a continuous whole, so that it shrinks toward the center, and the maximum strain occurs at the edge. In the utility model, the sleeve 5 is introduced, the sleeve 5 divides the sealant 3 into two layers, namely an inner layer and an outer layer, the outer layer is a thinner concentric circular table, the inner layer is a circular table, and the outer concentric circular table has small volume, so that the shrinkage amount is small, and enough stress cannot be provided to overcome the adhesion force between the seal and the shell 1, so that the sealant 3 cannot be peeled off from the shell 1. Thus, the glue shell separation is effectively avoided by introducing the sleeve 5.

The sleeve 5 is provided with a plurality of gaps 51, the sealant 3 is respectively filled between the two ends of the hollow fiber bundles 2 and the two ends of the shell 1, and the circulation port 11 is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell 1 through the gaps 51. By providing the slit 51 in the sleeve 5, the dialysate enters through the one-end flow port 11, that is, the dialysate inlet, and then flows through the slit 51 into the inner cavity of the housing 1, so as to exchange with the blood in the hollow fiber bundle 2. Since the slits 51 have a certain thickness and the flow velocity of the fluid increases when the fluid flows through the small cross-sectional area, the flow of the dialysate into the inner cavity of the housing 1 has a momentum directed toward the axial center, which is advantageous for improving the uniformity of the flow of the dialysate.

By using the dialyzer provided by the utility model, the sleeve 5 is respectively arranged at the two ends of the shell 1, and the sealant 3 can respectively bond the shell 1 with the sleeve 5 and the sleeve 5 with the hollow fiber bundles 2, so that the bonding force of the sealant 3 is improved, and the separation of rubber shells is not easy to occur. On the other hand, the sleeve 5 can play a constraint role on the hollow fiber bundle 2, so that the hollow fiber bundle 2 can be well attached to the inner cavity of the dialyzer and the inner wall of the sleeve, and the hollow fiber bundle 2 cannot cross the inner wall of the sleeve 5, so that a sealing structure is conveniently arranged between the sleeve 5 and the end cover 4, and the blocking of the hollow fiber bundle 2 is not caused.

In one embodiment, the slit 51 is disposed obliquely to the extending direction of the hollow fiber bundle 2. When the slits 51 are vertically arranged, part of the fiber filaments between the slits 51 is blocked, and the slits 51 are arranged at a certain angle to the extending direction of the hollow fiber bundle 2, so that a part of the fiber filaments positioned on the outer periphery can be in direct contact with the slits 51 as much as possible, and the effect of the slits 51 can be better exerted. Further, the projected portions of each adjacent two slits 51 in the axial direction coincide, that is, the interval between the adjacent two slits 51 in the circumferential direction is smaller than the distance from the top end to the lower end of the single slit 51 in the circumferential direction, so that each filament located at the outer periphery can have a part in direct contact with the slit 51.

In one embodiment, the top width of the slot 51 is greater than the bottom width of the slot 51. When in sealing and filling, the sealant 3 enters the shell 1 through the dialysis liquid port and is gathered to the end part of the shell through centrifugal force, in order to avoid the sleeve 5 from obstructing the flow of the sealant 3, the top end width of the gap 51 is larger than the bottom end width, so that the resistance of the gap to the sealant 3 is reduced, and the sealing and bonding effect of the sealant 3 is ensured. Referring to fig. 5-9, the slit 51 has a large top width and a small bottom width, and forms a step surface, i.e., the slit 51 is generally convex. Alternatively, the width of the slit 51 may be smoothly changed from top to bottom. In other embodiments, the slit 51 is not limited to the above arrangement, such as the slit 51 extending in the axial direction of the sleeve 5.

In one embodiment, the top end of the slit 51 is immersed in the sealant. That is, when the sealant 3 is sealed and filled, the sealant 3 is filled at the top end of the gap 51, so that the sealant 3 positioned at the inner layer and the outer layer of the sleeve 5 is communicated through the gap 51 on the sleeve 5, the sleeve 5 provides support for the sealant 3, the reliability of the sealant 3 is further improved, and the risk of separation between the sealant 3 and the sleeve 5 is reduced.

In one embodiment, the plurality of slits 51 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sleeve 5. So that the effect of the slit 51 can be uniformly influenced in the circumferential direction.

In one embodiment, the inner diameter of each sleeve 5 gradually decreases from a top end toward the end cap 4 to a bottom end away from the end cap 4. The fiber filaments of the hollow fiber bundle 2 are of a wavy structure and are similar to an elongated spring, so that after the hollow fiber bundle 2 is restrained, an elastic force expanding outwards is certain, initially, the hollow fiber bundle 2 is wrapped by a plastic film when leaving the factory, after the hollow fiber bundle 2 is put into the shell 1, the plastic film is removed, namely the film is removed, and after the restraint of the original plastic film is lost, the hollow fiber bundle 2 expands to be attached to the inner cavities of the shell 1 and the sleeve 5. The sleeve 5 is arranged as above, so that the manufacturing difficulty can be reduced. In addition, during the assembly of the dialyzer, the inner diameter of the existing housing 1 is almost equal to the outer diameter of the hollow fiber bundle 2 wrapped with the plastic film, and thus must be precisely positioned when put in, otherwise interference occurs to damage the bundle. Whereas in the present application the inside diameter of the tip of the sleeve 5 is larger and thus easier to load.

In one embodiment, the sleeve 5 has a ring shape with a closed periphery at both ends. That is, each slit 51 has a distance from the top end of the sleeve 5 toward the end cover 4 and from the bottom end of the sleeve 4, and the slit 51 is provided only in the middle of the sleeve 5. The closed ring shape can provide good supporting strength and reliability, the top end is sealed, the hollow fiber bundle 2 can have better restraining effect, and the problem that the fiber filaments are penetrated out from the gaps 51 of the top end and distributed in a non-flowing area to cause poor dialysis effect is prevented.

Specifically, the two ends of the shell 1 are set to be conical surfaces with the inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the middle part, the middle part of the shell 1 can be specifically cylindrical, and the inner diameter of the bottom end of the sleeve 5 is not smaller than the inner diameter of the middle part of the shell 1. Therefore, the shell 1 is set as the cylindrical surface of the middle section of the conical surface at two ends and is matched with the sleeve 5 with the variable inner diameter to form the inner cavity with the cylindrical surface with the small inner diameter in the middle and the conical surface with the gradually increased inner diameter at the end part, on one hand, the sectional area of the end part is larger than that of the middle section, so that the filling density of the hollow fiber bundle 2 at the middle section is larger than that at the two ends, and the variable filling density is realized in the axial direction of the shell 1. The end position is the inflow or outflow position of the dialysate, and if the packing density is high, the higher the resistance of the dialysate to permeate into the inside is, the higher the possibility of occurrence of the phenomenon of uneven flow velocity of the dialysate is, which is disadvantageous for improving the cleaning efficiency, and by setting the end of the housing 1 as a tapered surface and setting in accordance with the change in the inner diameter of the sleeve 5, the packing density of the hollow fiber bundles 2 at the end is reduced. For the middle section, the higher filling density can increase the pressure difference of the dialyzate in the axial direction of the dialyzate, so that the internal and external convection of the membrane is increased, and the cleaning effect is improved. On the other hand, variations in packing density may reduce channeling effects. Because of the high packing density of the middle section, the resistance is greater than the inward penetration resistance of the dialysate. Thus, the flow of local dialysate can be optimized compared to conventional straight tube designs, which can only maintain a certain packing density.

By the arrangement of the inner cavity, the filling amount of the sealant 3 is reduced compared with that of a traditional straight cylinder type inner cavity, so that the cost is reduced. And the housing 1 with the two enlarged ends can reduce the manufacturing difficulty. In addition, during the assembly of the dialyzer, the inner diameter of the existing housing 1 is almost equal to the outer diameter of the hollow fiber bundle 2 wrapped with the plastic film, and thus must be precisely positioned when put in, otherwise interference occurs to damage the bundle. Whereas the inner diameter of the end of the lumen is larger than the outer diameter of the hollow fiber bundle 2 in the present application, so that the insertion is easier.

In one embodiment, the inner wall of the shell 1 is provided with a step surface 12, and the end of the shell 1 opposite to the step surface 12 is provided with a limit protrusion 13, and two ends of the sleeve 5 respectively abut against the limit protrusion 13 and the step surface 12. The specific spacing protruding 13 can set up the round along the inner edge of casing 1 tip to and spacing protruding 13 is the annular, and it can offset with telescopic top to carry out spacing to sleeve 5, prevent that sleeve 5 breaks away from in the centrifugation in-process. The stepped surface 12 inside the housing 1 then enables a secure positioning of the sleeve 5 when it is mounted, in order to facilitate the assembly of the sleeve 5. In order to be convenient to match with the limiting protrusion 13, the top end of the sleeve 5 can be provided with a sleeve flange 52, and the sleeve flange 52 abuts against the limiting protrusion 13.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 10, one of the outer wall of the sleeve 5 and the inner wall of the housing 1 is provided with a groove, and the other is provided with a clamping table 53 for clamping with the groove. For better fixing the sleeve 5 to avoid detachment in the process of glue injection centrifugation, a clamping table 53 can be specifically arranged at the bottom of the sleeve 5, and a corresponding groove is arranged on the shell 1 to enable the sleeve 5 and the shell to be buckled and fixed. The clamping table 53 can be specifically arranged along the sleeve 5 in a circle, namely in a ring shape, and the corresponding groove is also arranged as a ring groove, so that effective clamping of the clamping table and the sleeve is ensured.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 11-14, at least one circle of blood blocking ribs 41 is provided on the end face of the end cap 4 facing the sleeve 5, the inner diameter of the blood blocking ribs 41 is larger than the inner diameter of the top end of the sleeve 5 facing the end cap 4, and the end of the blood blocking ribs 41 is inserted into the sealant 3. The end cover 4 is internally provided with the annular raised blood blocking rib 41, the inner diameter of the annular raised blood blocking rib is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the top end of the sleeve 5 facing the end cover 4, and when the end cover 4 is fixed in place, a small part of the blood blocking rib 41 is inserted into the rubber surface of the sealant 3, and the rubber surface can be particularly preheated to be softened so as to play a role in isolating a blood chamber. The sealing is realized by matching the blood blocking ribs 41 with the sealant 3, so that the working procedures are reduced relative to the sealing by adopting a sealing ring, and the material cost can be saved. Since the inner diameter of the blood blocking rib 41 serving as the boundary of the inner cavity of the end cover 4 is equal to the outer Zhou Xiangdeng of the hollow fiber bundle 2, dead space cannot occur when blood flows in the cavity of the end cover 4, and the risk of coagulation caused by unsmooth flow is reduced.

In addition, the height of the inner cavity of the end cover 4 is not suitable to be too high or too low, the too high blood volume of extracorporeal circulation can be increased, and the too low fiber yarn flow rate at the middle position can be too high, so that harmful substances are not removed conveniently. Thus, in one embodiment, the height of the cavity of the end cap 4 may be set to range from 4 to 8mm at the highest point, and the height of the cavity gradually decreases from the middle to the edge, and gradually decreases.

In one embodiment, the inner wall of the end cap 4 is provided with a plurality of positioning ribs 42 in the circumferential direction, and the distance between each of the two opposing positioning ribs 42 is equal to the outer diameter of the end portion of the housing 1. Through setting up of location muscle 42, the shortest distance between a set of location muscle 42 of relative is the same with casing 1 tip external diameter, after end cover 4 assembly is accomplished, even if there is manufacturing error in end cover 4 and casing 1, location muscle 42 also can avoid end cover 4 inner wall part and casing 1 laminating to guarantee the axiality between end cover 4 and the casing 1 as far as possible. Specifically, a plurality of columnar bulges can be uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the end cover 4 along the circumferential direction, and the number of the bulges is preferably 12-18.

In one embodiment, the end cap 4 is connected to the housing 1 by welding. The dialyzer requires that the end cap 4 be well sealed and that the connection with the housing 1 be reliable, while blood can flow evenly into the hollow fiber bundle 2. In this embodiment, the end cover 4 is connected to the housing 1 by welding, specifically, may be connected to the housing 1 by ultrasonic welding, that is, the contact between the housing 1 and the end cover 4 is melted and permeated, and finally, an integral body is formed, so that the end cover 4 and the housing 1 achieve sealing with the outside. Adopt welded connection for threaded connection, the welding has taken into account the seal when playing the connection effect, need not to set up the sealing washer and sealed, has simplified the packaging technology simultaneously, because the packaging process can go through heating and cooling process many times, after carrying out these operations, must screw up end cover 4 again to carry out the gas tightness inspection, avoid the influence of thermal stress to lead to the product sealed failure.

Further, the end cap 4 and the housing 1 are shear welded, so that the interference between the two parts is large, and the connection strength after welding is larger. The shearing welding requires that the precision of the end cover 4 and the shell 1 during manufacturing is high enough, and the interference amount can be ensured to be within a set range after matching so as to prevent the cold joint, so that the structural arrangement of the end cover 4 and the shell 1 in the embodiment can be particularly adopted to reduce the requirement of products on the precision of the die, thereby reducing the cost. In addition, if there is a manufacturing error between the end cap 4 and the housing 1, the gap between the end cap 4 and the housing 1 cannot be ensured to be stable within a certain range, so that partial material contact is caused after assembly, and the vibration energy of the ultrasonic wave is released at the contact surface, resulting in uneven welding lines. Through the arrangement of the positioning ribs 42, the partial lamination of the inner wall of the end cover 4 with the shell 1 can be avoided, and the welding seam is more uniform.

Further, the outer surface of the end cap 4 is provided with a concentric circular shaped platform capable of coupling an ultrasonic horn, which compresses the platform and transfers energy to the welding location when welding, the energy of the welding decreasing as the distance between the horn and the welding surface increases. Thus, the welding position can be set as close as possible to the platform, with the welding interference position facing the center of the platform.

In one embodiment, the hollow fiber bundles 2 have a packing density in the range of 45% to 70%, preferably 55% to 65%, and the shell 1 has an aspect ratio in the range of 3 to 10, preferably 5.5 to 8, for better product performance.

In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Thus, the present utility model is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (11)

1. The dialyzer comprises a shell (1), end covers (4) connected to two ends of the shell (1), a hollow fiber bundle (2) and sealant (3) which are arranged in the shell (1), wherein the outer side walls of the two ends of the shell (1) are respectively provided with a circulation port (11); the novel hollow fiber bundle type air conditioner is characterized by further comprising two sleeves (5), wherein the two sleeves (5) are respectively sleeved in the two ends of the shell (1), a plurality of gaps (51) are formed in the sleeves (5), the sealant (3) is respectively filled between the two ends of the hollow fiber bundle (2) and the two ends of the shell (1), and the circulation port (11) is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell (1) through the gaps (51).

2. Dialyzer according to claim 1, characterised in that the slits (51) are arranged obliquely with respect to the extension direction of the hollow fiber bundles (2).

3. The dialyzer according to claim 1, characterised in that the top end width of the slit (51) is larger than the bottom end width of the slit (51).

4. Dialyzer according to claim 1, characterised in that the top end of the slit (51) is immersed in the sealing gel (3).

5. Dialyzer according to claim 1, characterised in that the inner diameter of the sleeve (5) decreases gradually from the top end towards the end cap (4) to the bottom end away from the end cap (4).

6. Dialyzer according to claim 1, characterised in that the sleeve (5) has a ring shape with a closed periphery at both ends.

7. The dialyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the inner wall of the casing (1) is provided with a step surface (12), and that the end of the casing (1) opposite to the step surface (12) is provided with a limit projection (13), and that the two ends of the sleeve (5) are respectively pressed against the limit projection (13) and the step surface (12).

8. Dialyzer according to claim 7, characterised in that one of the outer wall of the sleeve (5) and the inner wall of the casing (1) is provided with a groove, the other one is provided with a catch (53) for engagement with the groove.

9. The dialyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the end face of the end cap (4) facing the sleeve (5) is provided with at least one ring of blood-blocking ribs (41), the inner diameter of the blood-blocking ribs (41) is larger than the inner diameter of the top end of the sleeve (5) facing the end cap (4), and the end of the blood-blocking ribs (41) is inserted into the sealing glue (3).

10. Dialyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the inner wall of the end cap (4) is provided with a plurality of positioning ribs (42) in the circumferential direction, and that the distance between each of the two opposing positioning ribs (42) is equal to the outer diameter of the end of the casing (1).

11. Dialyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the end cap (4) is connected to the housing (1) by welding.