CN220440411U - Charger powered by single-phase or three-phase alternating current - Google Patents
Charger powered by single-phase or three-phase alternating current Download PDFInfo
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- CN220440411U CN220440411U CN202322110013.1U CN202322110013U CN220440411U CN 220440411 U CN220440411 U CN 220440411U CN 202322110013 U CN202322110013 U CN 202322110013U CN 220440411 U CN220440411 U CN 220440411U
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a charger powered by single-phase or three-phase alternating current, which belongs to the technical field of chargers and comprises power supply ends L1, L2 and L3 connected with buses, a single/three-phase current detection circuit and a charging circuit; the single/three-phase current detection circuit comprises a detection chip U1, wherein the detection chip U1 is used for detecting whether a bus is three-phase alternating current or single-phase alternating current; the charging circuit comprises a voltage doubling/full-bridge rectifying circuit, a high-frequency switching circuit, an isolation transformer T2 and a rectifying and filtering circuit which are sequentially connected, wherein voltage doubling rectification is carried out to increase bus voltage when a bus is single-phase alternating current, and full-bridge rectification is carried out to ensure that the bus voltage is unchanged when the bus is three-phase alternating current. The utility model realizes the function of supplying power by detecting that the power supply input is single-phase or three-phase alternating current, and selectively carrying out voltage doubling rectification to improve the voltage of the direct current bus or carrying out full-bridge rectification without improving the voltage of the direct current bus.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of chargers, in particular to a charger powered by single-phase or three-phase alternating current.
Background
A Charger (Charger) is a device that charges other appliances. The high-frequency power supply technology is adopted, the intelligent dynamic adjustment charging technology is adopted, the power electronic semiconductor device is utilized to convert alternating current with fixed voltage and frequency into direct current, the direct current is generally composed of a flexible circuit board, electronic components and the like, the working frequency of the circuit can be divided into a power frequency machine and a high-frequency machine according to design, the circuit is widely applied to various fields, particularly the living field, and the circuit is widely applied to common electrical appliances such as mobile phones, cameras and the like. The charger comprises a lead-acid battery charger, a lithium ion battery charger, an electric vehicle battery charger, a vehicle charger and the like. In industrial production, many rechargeable power tools, such as rechargeable sanders, rechargeable circular saws, rechargeable electric planers, rechargeable blowers, rechargeable sanders, and the like, are equipped with associated chargers.
Whereas existing chargers have the following drawbacks: 1. the existing charger can only supply power by single-phase alternating current input or three-phase alternating current input, and can not realize the functions of single-phase alternating current and three-phase alternating current input; 2. the existing charger powered by single-phase alternating current input has smaller charging power and cannot meet the high-power charging requirement; 3. the charging power of the existing charger is fixed, the charging power of the charger supplied by the single-phase alternating-current input is small, the charging power of the charger supplied by the three-phase alternating-current input is large, and the charging power can not be switched according to whether the input power supply is single-phase or three-phase. Therefore, the conventional charger has a problem of poor versatility.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the problem that the charger cannot flexibly provide single/three-phase charging, and provides a charger with single-phase or three-phase alternating current power supply, which has the advantages of more flexible use and cost saving.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
a charger for single-phase or three-phase alternating current power supply comprises power supply ends L1, L2 and L3 connected with a bus, a single/three-phase current detection circuit and a charging circuit;
the single/three-phase current detection circuit comprises a detection chip U1, wherein the detection chip U1 is used for detecting whether alternating voltages exist between L1 and L2, between L2 and L3 and between L1 and L3, the detection chip U1 also comprises an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a comparator, the comparator is used for setting a comparison threshold, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for converting the alternating voltages between L1 and L3 into digital signals, and the digital signals are compared with the comparison threshold through the comparator;
if the alternating current voltage exists between the L1 and the L2, between the L2 and the L3 and between the L1 and the L3 and the digital signal is larger than the comparison threshold value, the detection chip U1 outputs a signal of which the bus is three-phase alternating current; if no alternating voltage exists between L1 and L2 and between L2 and L3, and the alternating voltage exists between L1 and L3 and the digital signal is smaller than the comparison threshold, the detection chip U1 outputs a signal with a bus of single-phase alternating current;
the charging circuit comprises a voltage doubling/full-bridge rectifying circuit, a high-frequency switching circuit, an isolation transformer T2 and a rectifying and filtering circuit which are sequentially connected, the rectifying and filtering circuit is connected with an output port of the charger, the voltage doubling/full-bridge rectifying circuit is used for carrying out voltage doubling rectification to increase bus voltage when a bus is single-phase alternating current, and carrying out full-bridge rectification to ensure that the bus voltage is unchanged when the bus is three-phase alternating current.
Preferably, the optical couplers U2, L2 and L3 are connected between L1 and L2, the optical coupler U3 is connected between L1 and L3, the optical coupler U4 is connected between L1 and L3, the optical coupler U2, the optical coupler U3 and the optical coupler U4 are all connected in series with the pin of the detection chip U1, and the detection chip U1 is turned on by the detection optical coupler U2, the optical coupler U3 and the optical coupler U4 which are pulled down by the pin, otherwise, the detection chip U1 is turned off.
Preferably, the optocoupler U2, the optocoupler U3 and the optocoupler U4 are all connected in series with a stabilizing circuit, and the stabilizing circuit comprises a diode, a piezoresistor, a limiting resistor and a filter capacitor.
Preferably, the L1 and L3 are connected to an input end of the transformer T1, an output end of the transformer T1 is connected to an input end of a full-bridge rectifying circuit formed by diodes D4, D5, D6 and D7, an output end of the full-bridge rectifying circuit is connected to an input end of a voltage division filter circuit formed by resistors R7, R8 and a capacitor C4, and an output end of the voltage division filter circuit is connected to a pin of the detection chip U1.
Preferably, the voltage doubling/full bridge rectifying circuit comprises a relay K1, diodes D8, D9, D10, D11, D12 and D13, the relay K1 and capacitors C5, C6 and K1 are connected with the output end of the detection chip U1, if the bus is single-phase alternating current, the detection chip U1 controls the K1 to be closed, L1 and L3 serve as input of the single-phase alternating current, and the voltage doubling rectifying circuit is formed by the relay K1, the D9, the relays K1, C5 and C6; if the bus is three-phase alternating current, the detection chip U1 controls the K1 to be disconnected, and the input ends L1, L2 and L3, D8, D9, D10, D11, D12 and D13 form a full-bridge rectifying circuit.
Preferably, the high-frequency switching circuit is composed of switching transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4.
Preferably, the rectifying and filtering circuit is composed of diodes D14, D15, D16, D17, an inductor L1 and a capacitor C7.
Preferably, the negative electrode of the output port of the charger is also connected with a sampling resistor R9 in series.
Preferably, the charger further comprises a charger control circuit, wherein the input end of the charger control circuit is connected with the sampling resistor R9 and the single/three-phase current detection circuit, the output end of the charger control circuit is connected with the power switching circuit, the state display module and the driving circuit, the power switching circuit controls the charging power of the charger, the charging power is controlled to be rated power when the bus is three-phase alternating current, the charging power is reduced when the bus is single-phase alternating current, and the driving circuit is connected with the input end of the high-frequency switch circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
according to the utility model, by detecting that the power supply input is single-phase or three-phase alternating current, the voltage doubling rectification is selected to improve the direct current bus voltage or the full-bridge rectification is performed without improving the direct current bus voltage, so that the function of supplying power through the single-phase alternating current and the three-phase alternating current input is realized, and the use cost of the charger is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the modular composition of the entire charger of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a single/three phase current sense circuit diagram of the present utility model;
fig. 3 is a charging circuit diagram of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described in connection with the following detailed description, in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the utility model easy to understand.
As shown in fig. 1, a charger for single-phase or three-phase ac power supply includes power supply terminals L1, L2, L3 connected to a bus, a single/three-phase current detection circuit, and a charging circuit.
As shown in fig. 2, the single/three-phase current detection circuit includes a detection chip U1, where the detection chip U1 is configured to detect whether an ac voltage exists between L1 and L2, between L2 and L3, and between L1 and L3, and the detection chip U1 further includes an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a comparator, where the comparator sets a comparison threshold, and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is configured to convert the ac voltage between L1 and L3 into a digital signal, where the digital signal is compared with the comparison threshold by the comparator;
if the alternating current voltage exists between the L1 and the L2, between the L2 and the L3 and between the L1 and the L3 and the digital signal is larger than the comparison threshold value, the detection chip U1 outputs a signal of which the bus is three-phase alternating current; if no alternating voltage exists between L1 and L2 and between L2 and L3, and the alternating voltage exists between L1 and L3 and the digital signal is smaller than the comparison threshold, the detection chip U1 outputs a signal with a bus of single-phase alternating current.
As shown in fig. 3, the charging circuit includes a voltage-multiplying/full-bridge rectifying circuit, a high-frequency switching circuit, an isolation transformer T2 and a rectifying and filtering circuit, which are sequentially connected, the rectifying and filtering circuit is connected with the output port of the charger, and the voltage-multiplying/full-bridge rectifying circuit is used for performing voltage-multiplying rectification to increase the bus voltage when the bus is single-phase alternating current, and performing full-bridge rectification to ensure that the bus voltage is unchanged when the bus is three-phase alternating current. The voltage doubling/full-bridge rectifying circuit comprises a relay K1, diodes D8, D9, D10, D11, D12 and D13, the relay K1 and capacitors C5 and C6, wherein the K1 is connected with the output end of a detection chip U1, if a bus is single-phase alternating current, the detection chip U1 controls the K1 to be closed, L1 and L3 serve as input of the single-phase alternating current, and the voltage doubling rectifying circuit is formed by the relay K1, the D9, the relays K1, C5 and C6; if the bus is three-phase alternating current, the detection chip U1 controls the K1 to be disconnected, and the input ends L1, L2 and L3, the D8, the D9, the D10, the D11, the D12 and the D13 form a full-bridge rectifying circuit, so that the voltage of the direct current bus is not required to be increased.
The working principle of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit is as follows: when L1 is the positive half cycle of the sine wave, the current returns to L3 through the diode D8, the capacitor C5 and the relay K1, when L3 is the positive half cycle of the sine wave, the current returns to L1 through the relay K1, the capacitor C6 and the diode D9, so that after one period of the sine wave, the capacitor C5 is charged for half period, the capacitor C6 is charged for half period, and after the two capacitor voltages are overlapped, the voltage doubling of the DC bus is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the optical couplers U2, L2 and L3 are connected between L1 and L2, the optical coupler U3 is connected between L1 and L3, the optical coupler U4 is connected with the pin of the detection chip U1 in series, the detection chip U1 is pulled down by the pin to detect the conduction of the optical coupler U2, the optical coupler U3 and the optical coupler U4, otherwise, the optical coupler U2, the optical coupler U3 and the optical coupler U4 are not conducted, and the stabilizing circuit is connected with the diode, the piezoresistor, the limiting resistor and the filter capacitor in series.
The specific principle of detecting whether an alternating voltage exists between L1 and L2, between L2 and L3, and between L1 and L3 by the detection chip U1 is as follows:
A. the voltage signal of the input end L1 is rectified by a diode D1, an alternating current signal is half-wave rectified into a pulse direct current signal, a voltage dependent resistor RV1 is used for shielding a power grid interference signal, when the voltage signal is lower than the conduction voltage of the voltage dependent resistor RV1, the RV1 is not conducted, a resistor R1 is connected in parallel with the input end of an optocoupler U2 to provide a current bypass, damage caused by large current flowing through the optocoupler U2 is prevented, a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the input end of the optocoupler U2 to conduct filtering, and the resistor R2 is used for limiting current in the whole loop. When the alternating voltage signal between the L1 and the L2 reaches a certain value, the optical coupler U2 is triggered to be conducted, the output end of the optical coupler U2 is pulled down to be connected to the P1 pin of the detection chip U1, and the U1 judges that the L1 and the L2 have alternating current after detecting that the P1 pin is pulled down.
B. The voltage signal of the input end L2 is rectified by a diode D2, an alternating current signal is half-wave rectified into a pulse direct current signal, a voltage dependent resistor RV2 is used for shielding a power grid interference signal, when the voltage signal is lower than the conduction voltage of the voltage dependent resistor RV2, the RV2 is not conducted, a resistor R3 is connected in parallel with the input end of an optocoupler U3 to provide a current bypass, damage caused by large current flowing through the optocoupler U3 is prevented, a capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the input end of the optocoupler U3 to conduct filtering, and a resistor R4 is used for limiting current of the whole loop. When the alternating voltage signal between the L2 and the L3 reaches a certain value, the optical coupler U3 is triggered to be conducted, the output end of the optical coupler U3 is pulled down to be connected to the P2 pin of the detection chip U1, and the U1 judges that the L2 and the L3 have alternating current after detecting that the P2 pin is pulled down.
C. The voltage signal of the input end L1 is rectified by a diode D3, an alternating current signal is half-wave rectified into a pulse direct current signal, a voltage dependent resistor RV3 is used for shielding a power grid interference signal, when the voltage signal is lower than the conduction voltage of the voltage dependent resistor RV3, the RV3 is not conducted, a resistor R5 is connected in parallel with the input end of an optocoupler U4 to provide a current bypass, damage caused by large current flowing through the optocoupler U4 is prevented, a capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with the input end of the optocoupler U4 to conduct filtering, and a resistor R6 is used for limiting current of the whole loop. When the alternating voltage signal between the L1 and the L3 reaches a certain value, the optical coupler U4 is triggered to be conducted, the output end of the optical coupler U4 is pulled down to be connected to the P3 pin of the detection chip U1, and the U1 judges that the L1 and the L3 have alternating current after detecting that the P3 pin is pulled down.
As shown in fig. 2, the L1 and L3 are connected to an input end of the transformer T1, an output end of the transformer T1 is connected to an input end of a full-bridge rectifying circuit formed by diodes D4, D5, D6, and D7, an output end of the full-bridge rectifying circuit is connected to an input end of a voltage division filter circuit formed by resistors R7, R8, and a capacitor C4, and an output end of the voltage division filter circuit is connected to a pin of the detection chip U1, which is specifically based on the following principle: the alternating current between the input ends L1 and L3 is input to the primary side of a transformer T1, the primary side of the transformer T1 is isolated and reduced, the secondary side of the T1 is rectified by a full bridge through diodes D4, D5, D6 and D7, the output voltage is divided by resistors R7 and R8 and filtered by a capacitor C4, the output voltage is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion on a pin P4 of a detection chip U1, the voltage between the L1 and L3 is judged by the U1 according to the data size obtained by analog-to-digital conversion, the voltage is lower than a comparison threshold value and is single-phase alternating current, and the voltage is higher than the comparison threshold value and is three-phase alternating current.
As shown in the charging circuit diagram of fig. 3, the high-frequency switching circuit is composed of switching transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, and the rectifying and filtering circuit is composed of diodes D14, D15, D16, D17, an inductance L1, and a capacitance C7. Because the high-frequency switch circuit and the rectifying and filtering circuit are the mature technical schemes at present, the connection of the components is not repeated.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the negative electrode of the output port of the charger is further connected in series with a sampling resistor R9, the sampling resistor R9 is used for collecting current and voltage of the charging output end, and the collected signal is sent to the charger control circuit, so that safety accidents caused by overhigh current and voltage are avoided, the charger further comprises a charger control circuit, the input end of the charger control circuit is connected with the sampling resistor R9 and a single/three-phase current detection circuit, the output end of the charger control circuit is connected with a power switching circuit, a state display module and a driving circuit, the power switching circuit controls charging power of the charger, the driving circuit is connected with the input end of the high-frequency switch circuit, and as the input power of the charger belonging to single-phase or three-phase alternating current according to bus current is different, the signal is sent to the charger control circuit when the single/three-phase current detection circuit detects that the power supply input is single-phase alternating current, the charging power is switched to low-power charging through the power switching circuit, the load of the single-phase power grid is reduced, and when the power supply input is detected to be three-phase alternating current, the charging power is switched to high-power charging power, and the charging power switching function of single-phase or three-phase alternating current input charging power is realized. The state display module can display the state of whether the charging is finished or the charging is finished at present through the LED lamp.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present utility model may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the utility model being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The charger is characterized by comprising power supply ends L1, L2 and L3 connected with a bus, a single/three-phase current detection circuit and a charging circuit;
the single/three-phase current detection circuit comprises a detection chip U1, wherein the detection chip U1 is used for detecting whether alternating voltages exist between L1 and L2, between L2 and L3 and between L1 and L3, the detection chip U1 also comprises an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a comparator, the comparator is used for setting a comparison threshold, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for converting the alternating voltages between L1 and L3 into digital signals, and the digital signals are compared with the comparison threshold through the comparator;
if the alternating current voltage exists between the L1 and the L2, between the L2 and the L3 and between the L1 and the L3 and the digital signal is larger than the comparison threshold value, the detection chip U1 outputs a signal of which the bus is three-phase alternating current; if no alternating voltage exists between L1 and L2 and between L2 and L3, and the alternating voltage exists between L1 and L3 and the digital signal is smaller than the comparison threshold, the detection chip U1 outputs a signal with a bus of single-phase alternating current;
the charging circuit comprises a voltage doubling/full-bridge rectifying circuit, a high-frequency switching circuit, an isolation transformer T2 and a rectifying and filtering circuit which are sequentially connected, the rectifying and filtering circuit is connected with an output port of the charger, the voltage doubling/full-bridge rectifying circuit is used for carrying out voltage doubling rectification to increase bus voltage when a bus is single-phase alternating current, and carrying out full-bridge rectification to ensure that the bus voltage is unchanged when the bus is three-phase alternating current.
2. The charger of claim 1, wherein the light couplers U2, L2 and L3 are connected between L1 and L2, the light coupler U3 is connected between L1 and L3, the light coupler U4 is connected between L1 and L3, the light coupler U2, the light coupler U3 and the light coupler U4 are all connected in series with the pin of the detection chip U1, the detection chip U1 is pulled down by the pin to detect the conduction of the light coupler U2, the light coupler U3 and the light coupler U4, and otherwise the conduction is not conducted.
3. The charger of claim 2 wherein the optocouplers U2, U3 and U4 are all connected in series with a stabilizing circuit comprising a diode, a varistor, a limiting resistor and a filter capacitor.
4. The charger of claim 1, wherein the L1 and L3 are connected to an input terminal of a transformer T1, an output terminal of the transformer T1 is connected to an input terminal of a full-bridge rectifying circuit formed by diodes D4, D5, D6, and D7, an output terminal of the full-bridge rectifying circuit is connected to an input terminal of a voltage dividing filter circuit formed by resistors R7, R8 and a capacitor C4, and an output terminal of the voltage dividing filter circuit is connected to a pin of the detection chip U1.
5. The charger of claim 1, wherein the voltage doubling/full bridge rectifier circuit comprises a relay K1, diodes D8, D9, D10, D11, D12, D13, a relay K1 and capacitors C5, C6, K1 are connected to the output end of the detection chip U1, if the bus is single-phase alternating current, the detection chip U1 controls the K1 to be closed, L1 and L3 are used as input of the single-phase alternating current, and the voltage doubling rectifier circuit is formed by the relay K1, D9, the relay K1, C5, C6; if the bus is three-phase alternating current, the detection chip U1 controls the K1 to be disconnected, and the input ends L1, L2 and L3, D8, D9, D10, D11, D12 and D13 form a full-bridge rectifying circuit.
6. A charger for single or three phase ac power supply according to claim 1 wherein said high frequency switching circuit is comprised of switching tubes Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4.
7. A single-phase or three-phase ac powered charger according to claim 1, wherein the rectifying and filtering circuit is comprised of diodes D14, D15, D16, D17, an inductance L1 and a capacitance C7.
8. A single-phase or three-phase ac powered charger according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode of the charger outlet is further connected in series with a sampling resistor R9.
9. The charger of claim 8 further comprising a charger control circuit, wherein the input of the charger control circuit is connected to the sampling resistor R9 and the single/three-phase current detection circuit, the output of the charger control circuit is connected to the power switching circuit, the status display module and the driving circuit, the power switching circuit controls the charging power of the charger, the charging power is controlled to be rated when the bus is three-phase alternating current, the charging power is reduced when the bus is single-phase alternating current, and the driving circuit is connected to the input of the high-frequency switch circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322110013.1U CN220440411U (en) | 2023-08-08 | 2023-08-08 | Charger powered by single-phase or three-phase alternating current |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322110013.1U CN220440411U (en) | 2023-08-08 | 2023-08-08 | Charger powered by single-phase or three-phase alternating current |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220440411U true CN220440411U (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322110013.1U Active CN220440411U (en) | 2023-08-08 | 2023-08-08 | Charger powered by single-phase or three-phase alternating current |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220440411U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-08-08 CN CN202322110013.1U patent/CN220440411U/en active Active
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