CN212309568U - Micro-reactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction - Google Patents
Micro-reactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction Download PDFInfo
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- CN212309568U CN212309568U CN202020102525.7U CN202020102525U CN212309568U CN 212309568 U CN212309568 U CN 212309568U CN 202020102525 U CN202020102525 U CN 202020102525U CN 212309568 U CN212309568 U CN 212309568U
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Abstract
The application discloses a micro-reactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction, which comprises a sleeve type reactor main body, wherein the sleeve type reactor main body comprises an inner sleeve, a middle sleeve and an outer sleeve, the middle sleeve is provided with an inner thread and an outer thread, the inner sleeve is provided with micropores, a circulation path formed between the outer wall of the inner sleeve and the inner wall of the middle sleeve is used as a reaction channel, the inner sleeve is used as a gas channel, and a circulation path formed between the outer wall of the middle sleeve and the inner wall of the outer sleeve; or the inner sleeve is provided with an inner thread and an outer thread, the middle sleeve is provided with a micropore, a circulation path formed between the outer wall of the inner sleeve and the inner wall of the middle sleeve is used as a reaction channel, the inner sleeve is used as a heat exchange medium channel, and a gas channel is formed between the outer wall of the middle sleeve and the inner wall of the outer sleeve. The micro-reactor has a simple structure, and micropores can be formed by laser; has better mass transfer and heat transfer effects which are tens of times of those of the traditional kettle type reactor.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, in particular to a microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction.
Background
Compared with the traditional reactor, the Micro reactor has the advantages of high efficiency, high speed, flexible operation and the like, and is important equipment which can meet the requirements of green chemical production and achieve chemical intrinsic safety. In recent years, microchemical equipment and processes are considered as one of new directions for the development of chemical engineering disciplines.
Common gas-liquid microreactors include a micro-falling film reactor, a micro-packed bed reactor, a micro-bubble reactor and a microchannel reactor. The common micro-channel reactor is a metal tube type micro-channel reactor, the inner diameters of an inner tube and an outer tube have small difference and are connected by flanges to form an annular micro-channel, a microporous membrane structure is axially distributed on one section of the inner tube and consists of a plurality of micro-channels, the microporous membrane divides a material flowing in from the inner tube into small air flows which collide with a fluid in the annular channel to form cross flow, and the mixing reaction is completed in the micro-channel. CN208066329U discloses a microbubble formula gas-liquid reactor and system, including first cavity and the second cavity of laying with one heart, the one end of first cavity is provided with the inlet, and the other end is provided with the liquid outlet, is provided with the micropore section on the chamber wall, be provided with a plurality of air inlet on the second cavity, inlet department is provided with the whirl piece, and the whirl piece makes the liquid phase that gets into have shear rate, forms the hoop liquid film, with the gaseous phase contact through the micropore section, this scheme makes the liquid that gets into first cavity have shear rate through the whirl piece, has strengthened the alternate mass transfer of gas-liquid, but the homogeneity of mixing can further improve.
Gas-solid two-phase and gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactions are also common in chemical reactions, for example, CN108905920A discloses a solid-gas microchannel reactor, which comprises a sleeve, a reaction tube, a catalytic structure, a plurality of drainage structures, a filtering structure and the like. Kobayashi J et al (Science,2004,304(5675): 1305-.
However, the mass transfer and heat transfer effects of the existing microreactors are yet to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The micro-reactor has the advantages that the micro-reactor is provided for solving the problems in the prior art, and the micro-reactor is good in heat transfer and mass transfer effects and suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
the micro-reactor is suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction and comprises a sleeve type reactor main body, wherein the sleeve type reactor main body comprises an inner sleeve, a middle sleeve and an outer sleeve, the middle sleeve is provided with an internal thread and an external thread, micropores penetrating through the wall of the inner sleeve are formed in the inner sleeve, a spiral circulation path formed between the outer wall of the inner sleeve and the inner wall of the middle sleeve is used as a reaction channel, the inner sleeve is used as a gas channel, and a spiral circulation path formed between the outer wall of the middle sleeve and the inner wall of the outer sleeve.
Preferably, the outer sleeve is provided with an internal thread, the external thread of the middle sleeve and the internal thread of the outer sleeve are opposite in direction, and when viewed from one end of the microreactor, one thread rotates clockwise, and the other thread rotates counterclockwise.
Preferably, the difference between the outer diameter of the inner sleeve and the minimum radius of the inner thread of the intermediate sleeve is 1 to 3000 μm, preferably 500 to 1000 μm.
Preferably, the difference between the maximum radius of the external thread of the middle sleeve and the inner diameter of the outer sleeve is 1000-5000 μm.
In a preferred embodiment of this application, be applicable to gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction's microreactor, including the casing pipe reactor main part, the casing pipe reactor main part includes interior sleeve pipe, middle sleeve pipe and outer tube, interior sleeve pipe is equipped with internal thread and external screw thread, be equipped with the micropore that runs through the pipe wall on the middle sleeve pipe, the spiral helicine circulation route that forms between interior sheathed tube outer wall and the middle sheathed tube inner wall is as reaction channel, interior sleeve pipe is as heat transfer media passageway, the circulation route that forms between the outer wall of middle sheathed tube and the inner wall of outer tube is as gas channel.
In the preferred embodiment, the difference between the inner diameter of the intermediate sleeve and the maximum radius of the external thread of the inner sleeve is more preferably 1 to 3000 μm, and still more preferably 500 to 1000 μm.
In the preferred embodiment, it is further preferred that the intermediate sleeve has an inner diameter of 1000 to 5000 μm (in terms of the thread protrusion).
The diameter of the micropores is 0.1-50 μm.
More preferably, the diameter of the micropores is 5 to 15 μm.
Further, the micro-reactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction comprises a liquid material inlet, a liquid material outlet, a gas inlet, a gas outlet, a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet.
Preferably, the number of the liquid material inlets, the liquid material outlets, the gas inlets, the gas outlets, the heat exchange medium inlets and the heat exchange medium outlets is more than one.
Preferably, the internal thread and the external thread are trapezoidal threads, the tooth height of each trapezoidal thread is 1.5-10.5 mm, and the thread pitch is 2-20 mm; preferably, the height of the trapezoidal thread is 4.5-6.5 mm, and the thread pitch is 6 mm.
Preferably, the flow directions of the fluids in the reaction channel and the heat exchange medium channel are opposite.
Preferably, the flow directions of the reaction channel and the gas channel are the same or opposite.
Preferably, the axial center lines of the inner sleeve, the middle sleeve and the outer sleeve are overlapped, and the inner sleeve, the middle sleeve and the outer sleeve are fixed through a compression screw.
Furthermore, cover plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the inner sleeve, the middle sleeve and the outer sleeve, and are sealed through O-shaped rings.
Compared with the prior art, the microreactor has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the microreactor adopts the spiral reaction channel, so that the collision probability of reaction materials and the inner wall of the reaction channel is increased, the collision probability of liquid materials and gas materials is also increased, and the mass transfer effect is enhanced; in the reaction process, the reaction liquid moves outwards under the action of centrifugal force, and the gas and the reaction liquid are continuously and repeatedly collided and mixed, so that the mass transfer effect is better, and the reaction is more complete;
(2) in the spiral reaction channel, the reaction materials and the heat exchange medium continuously form a shearing state under the action of centrifugal force, so that the heat transfer coefficient is improved; meanwhile, the heat exchange medium adopts a spiral circulation path, so that the heat transfer area of unit volume is further increased, and the heat transfer effect is tens of times of that of the traditional kettle reactor;
(3) when a spiral circulation path formed between the outer wall of the middle sleeve and the inner wall of the outer sleeve is used as a heat exchange medium channel, the outer sleeve is further provided with internal threads, and when the heat exchange medium channel is observed from one end of the microreactor, one thread direction is clockwise rotation, and the other thread direction is anticlockwise rotation, so that the vertical collision probability and collision strength of a heat exchange medium and the wall of the microreactor are further increased, and the heat transfer coefficient of the microreactor can be further improved; when the inner sleeve is used as a heat exchange medium channel, the interaction between the internal threads of the inner sleeve increases the vertical collision probability and collision strength of the heat exchange medium and the wall of the reactor, and can further improve the heat transfer coefficient of the microreactor;
(4) the micro-reactor has a simple structure, the threads can be manufactured by adopting a cutting process, the micropores can be manufactured by adopting laser, and gas molecules are smaller than liquid molecules, so that the micro-reactor is beneficial to gas passing and simultaneously prevents liquid from flowing in; the mass transfer effect is enhanced without additionally adding components, and the excellent mass transfer effect can be achieved through the matching of the inner sleeve micropores and the spiral reaction channel.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the attached drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a microreactor according to example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a microreactor in accordance with example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1A;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the flow and collision of reaction materials in the microreactor in example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a microreactor in example 2 of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a microreactor in accordance with example 3 of the present application;
reference numerals: 1-inner sleeve, 2-middle sleeve, 3-outer sleeve, 4-gas channel, 5-reaction channel, 6-heat exchange medium channel, 7-liquid material inlet, 8-liquid material outlet, 9-gas inlet, 10-gas outlet, 11-heat exchange medium inlet and 12-heat exchange medium outlet.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present application, but are not intended to limit the present application in any way. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application. All falling within the scope of protection of the present application.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction includes a casing pipe reactor main body, the casing pipe reactor main body includes an inner casing pipe 1, an intermediate casing pipe 2 and an outer casing pipe 3, the intermediate casing pipe 2 is provided with an internal thread and an external thread, the inner casing pipe 1 is provided with a micropore penetrating through a pipe wall, a spiral circulation path formed between an outer wall of the inner casing pipe 1 and an inner wall of the intermediate casing pipe 2 serves as a reaction channel 5, the inner casing pipe serves as a gas channel 4, and a spiral circulation path formed between an outer wall of the intermediate casing pipe and an inner wall of.
The diameter of the micropores on the inner sleeve is 0.1-50 μm, in this embodiment, the diameter of the micropores on the inner sleeve is 10 μm, and the micropores are uniformly distributed on the inner sleeve.
The difference H between the outer diameter of the inner sleeve 1 and the minimum radius of the internal thread of the middle sleeve 2 is 1-3000 μm, preferably 500-1000 μm, and H in the embodiment is 1000 μm; the difference H' between the maximum radius of the external thread of the middle sleeve 2 and the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 3 is 1000-5000 μm, and H is 3000 μm in the embodiment.
The flow directions of the fluids in the reaction channel 5 and the heat exchange medium channel 6 are opposite; the flow directions of the fluids in the reaction channel 5 and the gas channel 4 are the same or opposite, and the flow directions of the fluids in the reaction channel 5 and the gas channel 4 are the same in the embodiment.
The micro-reactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction comprises a liquid material inlet 7, a liquid material outlet 8, a gas inlet 9, a gas outlet 10, a heat exchange medium inlet 11 and a heat exchange medium outlet 12. Liquid material import, liquid material export, gaseous import, gaseous export, heat transfer medium import and heat transfer medium export quantity are more than one, and liquid material import, liquid material export, heat transfer medium import and heat transfer medium export respectively set up four in this embodiment, and gaseous import and gaseous export respectively set up two.
The gas outlet can be closed according to the reaction requirement, when the discharging material only contains less gas, for example, when no gas product exists in the reaction and only part of residual reaction gas exists, the gas and the liquid can be discharged from the liquid material outlet together, and a gas-liquid separator can be arranged behind the liquid material outlet according to the requirement; when the discharged material contains a large amount of gas, for example, a gas product or/and an excessive amount of reaction gas remains in the reaction, a liquid material outlet and a gas material outlet may be separately provided at the end of the reaction channel 5.
When the micro-reactor related to the patent is used for gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction, solid materials can be dissolved or melted, or the solid materials are crushed into fine powder to be made into slurry, the slurry is sent into the micro-reactor from a liquid material inlet, and the slurry and reaction materials are discharged from a liquid material outlet after the reaction; the solid material can also be treated and then enters the microreactor from an additional solid material feeding channel, and the selection can be carried out by a person skilled in the art according to the type of reaction, the properties of the reaction material and the like. When the method is applied to gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction and the solid phase is a catalyst, the catalyst can be loaded in the microreactor through a catalyst wall loading technology.
The internal thread and the external thread of the middle sleeve are trapezoidal threads, the tooth height h of each trapezoidal thread is 1.5-10.5 mm, and h is 2.5mm in the embodiment; the pitch p is 2-20 mm, in this embodiment p is 8 mm.
The shaft center lines of the inner sleeve, the middle sleeve and the outer sleeve are overlapped, the inner sleeve, the middle sleeve and the outer sleeve are fixed through compression screws, cover plates are arranged at two ends of the inner sleeve, the middle sleeve and the outer sleeve respectively, and the two ends of the inner sleeve, the middle sleeve and the outer sleeve are sealed through O-shaped rings.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the flow and collision of the reaction materials in the microreactor according to example 1 of the present application.
The micro-reactor occupies a small area, is easy to process, adopts a cutting process for threads, adopts laser drilling for micropores, and is low in manufacturing cost. The thickness of the tube walls of the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve and the middle sleeve is 10-30 mm, and the tube walls can be selected according to different reaction pressures and temperatures.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5, the microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction includes a casing pipe reactor main body, the casing pipe reactor main body includes an inner casing pipe 1, an intermediate casing pipe 2 and an outer casing pipe 3, the intermediate casing pipe 2 is provided with an internal thread and an external thread, the inner casing pipe 1 is provided with a micropore penetrating through a pipe wall, a spiral circulation path formed between an outer wall of the inner casing pipe 1 and an inner wall of the intermediate casing pipe 2 serves as a reaction channel 5, the inner casing pipe serves as a gas channel 4, and a spiral circulation path formed between an outer wall of the intermediate casing pipe and an inner wall of.
The outer sleeve is provided with an internal thread, the external thread of the middle sleeve and the internal thread of the outer sleeve are opposite in direction, one thread rotates clockwise when viewed from one end of the microreactor, and the other thread rotates anticlockwise.
The rest of the setup was the same as in example 1.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 6, the microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction includes a casing pipe reactor main body, the casing pipe reactor main body includes an inner casing pipe 1, an intermediate casing pipe 2 and an outer casing pipe 3, the inner casing pipe 1 is provided with internal threads and external threads, the intermediate casing pipe 2 is provided with micropores penetrating through a pipe wall, a spiral circulation path formed between an outer wall of the inner casing pipe 1 and an inner wall of the intermediate casing pipe 2 serves as a reaction channel 5, the inner casing pipe serves as a heat exchange medium channel 6, and a circulation path formed between an outer wall of the intermediate casing pipe and an inner wall of the. When the spiral circulation path formed between the outer wall of the middle sleeve and the inner wall of the outer sleeve is used as a gas channel, the reaction liquid moves outwards under the action of centrifugal force, and after the gas enters the reaction channel, the gas and the reaction liquid are continuously and repeatedly collided and mixed, so that the mass transfer effect is good.
The difference between the inner diameter of the middle sleeve and the maximum radius of the external thread of the inner sleeve is 1-3000 μm, preferably 500-1000 μm; the inner diameter of the intermediate sleeve is 1000-5000 μm (measured by the thread bulge).
The diameter of the micropores on the middle sleeve is 0.1-50 μm, the diameter of the micropores on the middle sleeve is 10 μm in the embodiment, and the micropores are uniformly distributed on the inner sleeve.
The flow directions of the fluids in the reaction channel 5 and the heat exchange medium channel 6 are opposite; the flow directions of the fluids in the reaction channel 5 and the gas channel 4 are the same or opposite, and the flow directions of the fluids in the reaction channel 5 and the gas channel 4 are opposite in the embodiment.
The micro-reactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction comprises a liquid material inlet 7, a liquid material outlet 8, a gas inlet 9, a gas outlet, a heat exchange medium inlet 11 and a heat exchange medium outlet 12. Liquid material import, liquid material export, gaseous import, gaseous export, heat transfer medium import and heat transfer medium export quantity are more than one, and liquid material import, liquid material export, gaseous import and gaseous export respectively set up four in this embodiment, and heat transfer medium import and heat transfer medium export respectively set up two. The gas outlet is closed in this embodiment.
The internal thread and the external thread of the inner sleeve are trapezoidal threads, the tooth height h of each trapezoidal thread is 1.5-10.5 mm, and h is 4mm in the embodiment; the pitch p is 2-20 mm, in this embodiment p is 8 mm.
The shaft center lines of the inner sleeve, the middle sleeve and the outer sleeve are overlapped, the inner sleeve, the middle sleeve and the outer sleeve are fixed through compression screws, cover plates are arranged at two ends of the inner sleeve, the middle sleeve and the outer sleeve respectively, and the two ends of the inner sleeve, the middle sleeve and the outer sleeve are sealed through O-shaped rings.
Specific embodiments of the present application have been described above. It is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the present application.
Claims (14)
1. The micro-reactor is suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction and is characterized by comprising a sleeve type reactor main body, wherein the sleeve type reactor main body comprises an inner sleeve, a middle sleeve and an outer sleeve, the middle sleeve is provided with an internal thread and an external thread, the inner sleeve is provided with micropores penetrating through the wall of the tube, a spiral circulation path formed between the outer wall of the inner sleeve and the inner wall of the middle sleeve is used as a reaction channel, the inner sleeve is used as a gas channel, and a spiral circulation path formed between the outer wall of the middle sleeve and the inner wall of the outer sleeve is used as.
2. A microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactions according to claim 1, wherein the outer casing is provided with internal threads, the external threads of the intermediate casing and the internal threads of the outer casing are in opposite directions, one thread is clockwise and the other thread is counter-clockwise as viewed from one end of the microreactor.
3. The microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactions according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the outer diameter of the inner sleeve and the minimum radius of the internal thread of the middle sleeve is 1-3000 μm.
4. The microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactions according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the outer diameter of the inner sleeve and the minimum radius of the inner thread of the middle sleeve is 500-1000 μm.
5. The microreactor is suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction and is characterized by comprising a casing pipe reactor main body, wherein the casing pipe reactor main body comprises an inner casing pipe, a middle casing pipe and an outer casing pipe, the inner casing pipe is provided with internal threads and external threads, the middle casing pipe is provided with micropores penetrating through the pipe wall, a spiral circulation path formed between the outer wall of the inner casing pipe and the inner wall of the middle casing pipe is used as a reaction channel, the inner casing pipe is used as a heat exchange medium channel, and a circulation path formed between the outer wall of the middle casing pipe and the inner.
6. The microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactions according to claim 5, wherein the difference between the inner diameter of the middle sleeve and the maximum radius of the external thread of the inner sleeve is 1-3000 μm.
7. The microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactions according to claim 5, wherein the difference between the inner diameter of the middle sleeve and the maximum radius of the external thread of the inner sleeve is 500-1000 μm.
8. The microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactions according to claim 1 or 5 wherein the diameter of the micropores is 0.1 to 50 μm.
9. The microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactions according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the diameter of the micropores is 5 to 15 μm.
10. The microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction according to claim 1 or 5 comprises a liquid material inlet, a liquid material outlet, a gas inlet, a gas outlet, a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet.
11. The microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction according to claim 10, wherein the number of the liquid material inlets, the liquid material outlets, the gas inlets, the gas outlets, the heat exchange medium inlets and the heat exchange medium outlets is more than one.
12. The microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the internal threads and the external threads are trapezoidal threads, the height of the trapezoidal threads is 1.5-10.5 mm, and the thread pitch is 2-20 mm.
13. The microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the internal threads and the external threads are trapezoidal threads, the height of the trapezoidal threads is 4.5-6.5 mm, and the thread pitch is 6 mm.
14. The microreactor suitable for gas-liquid, gas-solid two-phase or gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactions according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the flow directions of the fluids in the reaction channel and the heat exchange medium channel are opposite, and the flow directions of the fluids in the reaction channel and the gas channel are the same or opposite.
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| CN112973612A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | System device and method for continuously synthesizing methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride |
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