CN211314341U - Electrically heated catalyst, exhaust system, and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an electrically heated catalyst, an exhaust system, and a vehicle, wherein the electrically heated catalyst includes a housing, a catalyst carrier disposed inside the housing, and a mat disposed between the housing and the catalyst carrier, the mat being used to fix the catalyst carrier in the housing, the mat being wrapped around an outer side of the catalyst carrier and being provided with an electrical heating structure for heating an entirety of the catalyst carrier. Through above-mentioned structure, the utilization has the electrical heating structure and directly heats the catalyst converter carrier, makes the temperature of catalyst converter carrier rise to the required temperature of igniting of tail gas purification fast, and in addition, the liner parcel is in the catalyst converter carrier outside and heats the catalyst converter carrier whole, and heat transfer is more even, has avoided because of the easy cracked problem of catalyst converter carrier that the temperature gradient is great leads to.

Description

Electrically heated catalyst, exhaust system, and vehicle

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of vehicle accessory manufacturing technologies, and in particular, to an electrically heated catalyst, an exhaust system, and a vehicle.

Background

The catalyst is an important component of a vehicle exhaust system, and is capable of converting exhaust gas containing harmful gases passing through a catalyst carrier into water and carbon dioxide using an oxidation-reduction reaction in a high temperature environment. When the engine is in cold start, the catalyst is difficult to reach the ignition temperature due to low exhaust temperature, and the exhaust cannot be purified, so that the emission exceeds the standard. In addition, the inlet temperature of a chassis-type GPF (gasoline engine particulate trap) cannot meet the regeneration requirement even in a severe cold area.

In order to increase the exhaust temperature at the cold start and the regeneration temperature at the GPF inlet, methods of retarding the ignition angle of the engine or adding an electric heater in front of the catalyst carrier have been mainly used in the related art. However, the ignition angle delay can increase the detonation risk of the engine, the temperature rise is slow, the stricter emission requirement cannot be met, and the effect of the ignition angle delay is not obvious due to the fact that the heat dissipation effect of the pipeline is far away from the exhaust port for the chassis type GPF. The mode of adding the electric heater in front of the catalyst carrier can cause uneven thermal stress of the catalyst carrier due to too fast temperature rise of airflow, the temperature gradient is large, the catalyst carrier is easy to crack, and for the chassis type GPF, because the electric heater does not directly heat the catalyst carrier, a pipeline between the electric heater and the catalyst carrier still has a heat dissipation effect, and the temperature rise effect is not obvious.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The purpose of this disclosure is to provide an electrical heating formula catalyst converter, guarantee that the catalyst converter carrier is heated evenly when can improve the temperature of catalyst converter carrier fast.

In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides an electrically heated catalyst including a housing, a catalyst carrier disposed inside the housing, and a mat disposed between the housing and the catalyst carrier, the mat wrapping an outer side of the catalyst carrier and fixing the catalyst carrier in the housing, the mat being provided with an electrical heating structure for heating an entirety of the catalyst carrier.

Optionally, the electrical heating structure comprises resistance wires, which are configured in a grid-like manner in the form of a cross-braid.

Optionally, the area of the electrical heating structure is arranged to cover at least an outer surface of the catalyst support.

Optionally, the electric heating structure is arranged inside the gasket and on the inner surface of the gasket, which is attached to one side of the catalyst carrier.

Optionally, the electrical heating structure has a positive terminal and a negative terminal for connection with a power supply, and the electrical heating catalyst further comprises an insulating sleeve for wrapping the outside of the positive terminal and the negative terminal.

Optionally, the housing is configured in a sleeve shape, and a through hole for inserting the insulating sleeve is formed in a wall of the housing.

Optionally, the insulating sleeve is a ceramic sleeve.

Optionally, the catalyst support is a metallic catalyst support.

According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided an exhaust system including the electrically heated catalyst described above.

According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a vehicle including the exhaust system described above.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the direct catalyst converter carrier that heats of liner that utilizes to have the electrical heating structure makes the temperature of catalyst converter carrier rise to the required temperature of igniting of tail gas purification fast, and in addition, the liner parcel is in the catalyst converter carrier outside and heats the catalyst converter carrier wholly, and heat transfer is more even, has avoided because of the easy cracked problem of catalyst converter carrier that temperature gradient is great leads to.

Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrically heated catalyst provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a developed structure of the electrically heated catalyst in fig. 1.

Description of the reference numerals

1 liner 11 resistance wire

12 positive terminal, 13 negative terminal

14 insulating sleeve 2 casing

3 catalyst carrier

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

In the present disclosure, the use of directional terms such as "inner" and "outer" means inner and outer of the corresponding component profiles, unless otherwise specified. In addition, when the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present disclosure provides an electrically heated catalyst for an exhaust system of a vehicle, including a housing 2, a catalyst carrier 3 disposed inside the housing 2, and a mat 1 disposed between the housing 2 and the catalyst carrier 3. The shell 2 is made of stainless steel materials through rolling and welding. The mat 1 is wrapped around the outside of the catalyst carrier 3 and filled between the case 2 and the catalyst carrier 3, so that the catalyst carrier 3 can be fixed within the case 2. The liner 1 can be made of ceramic fiber, and the temperature resistance can reach 1000 ℃. The mat 1 is provided with an electric heating structure for heating the whole of the catalyst carrier 3. Because the gasket 1 is a component in the catalyst which is directly contacted with the catalyst carrier 3, when the electric heating structure in the gasket 1 is electrified, the electric heating structure can directly heat the catalyst carrier 3, so that the temperature of the catalyst is quickly raised to the ignition temperature required by purifying the tail gas. In addition, the gasket 1 with the electric heating structure is wrapped on the outer side of the catalyst carrier 3, the whole catalyst carrier 3 can be heated, heat transfer is more uniform, and the problem that the catalyst carrier 3 is easy to crack due to large temperature gradient is avoided.

The present disclosure is not limited to the specific implementation form of the electric heating structure, and any structure that can be implemented to be disposed on the mat 1 and can heat the entirety of the catalyst carrier 3 after being energized may be applied to the present disclosure. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, the electric heating structure may include a resistance wire 11, and the resistance wire 11 may be made of a ferrochromium material having high resistivity. The resistance wire 11 is in a cross-woven form and is in a grid shape, the grid-shaped woven form is more stable in structure, the heating area can be increased, uniform heat dissipation of the whole plane is achieved, and the uniformity degree of heat transfer is further improved. The lattice-like structure formed by the resistance wires 11 may be directly woven on the surface of the pad 1, or may be fixed to the surface of the pad 1 after being woven in advance. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the resistance wires 11 may also be woven in a parallel arrangement or a warp and weft arrangement. The electric heating structure can also be a flexible electric heating plate which can be directly arranged in the pad 1, and the step of weaving the resistance wire 11 is omitted.

When the electric heating structure is the resistance wires 11, the area of the lattice-like structure cross-woven by the resistance wires 11 is set so as to be able to cover at least the outer surface of the catalyst carrier 3. In this way, the heat generated by the energized resistance wire 11 can be transferred uniformly to the entire catalyst support 3, rather than only locally heating the catalyst support 3. Or although the area of the mesh-like electric heating structure does not cover the outer surface of the catalyst carrier 3, the range of the heat radiation generated when the electric heating structure generates heat can cover the outer surface of the catalyst carrier 3, and the heat can be uniformly transferred to the catalyst carrier 3 to reduce the temperature gradient of the catalyst carrier 3.

In the present disclosure, the electric heating structure is provided inside the mat 1 on the inner surface of the mat 1 on the side attached to the catalyst carrier 3. The arrangement of the electric heating structure inside the mat 1 can prevent the electric heating structure from being worn out by direct contact with the catalyst carrier 3, resulting in failure of the electric heating structure. For example, when the electric heating structure is a grid-like structure formed by weaving the resistance wires 11 in a crossing manner, the long-term contact and friction between the resistance wires 11 and the outer surface of the catalyst carrier 3 may cause the resistance wires 11 to break or cause short circuit after displacement. The electric heating structure is positioned on the inner surface of the gasket 1 attached to one side of the catalyst carrier 3, and is beneficial to quickly transferring heat to the catalyst carrier 3.

The mat 1 may have a multilayer structure, at least including a first layer for being applied to the catalyst carrier 3, and a second layer for being applied to the inner surface of the housing 2, wherein the electrical heating structure is provided on the inner surface of the first layer, i.e., the surface of the first layer facing the side of the housing 2. Other layers may also be provided between the first and second layers to insulate the housing 2 from heat generated by the electrical heating structure.

The electric heating structure is provided with a positive electrode end 12 and a negative electrode end 13, wherein the positive electrode end 12 and the negative electrode end 13 are led out by the resistance wire 11 and then penetrate out of the shell 2 to be connected with a power supply. The negative terminal 12 can also be connected to a ground point of the entire vehicle, and the ground point should be as close to the negative terminal 12 as possible to reduce on-way resistance and reduce power consumption. Since the positive electrode terminal 12 and the negative electrode terminal 13 are bare electrodes, if they are directly contacted with the metal casing 2, a short circuit may be caused, and therefore, as shown in fig. 2, the electrically heated catalyst of the present disclosure further includes an insulating sleeve 14 for wrapping the outside of the positive electrode terminal 12 and the negative electrode terminal 13. Further, the housing 2 may be formed in a sleeve shape, and a through hole for inserting the insulating sleeve 14 is opened in a wall of the housing 2. The insulating sleeve 14 may have an interference fit with the through hole to securely fix the insulating sleeve 14 to the wall of the housing 2. The insulating sleeve 14 may be a ceramic sleeve. The sleeve made of the ceramic material not only can play an insulating role, but also has better wear resistance and strength and is not easy to damage.

The catalyst carrier 3 of the present disclosure may be a metallic catalyst carrier. Specifically, the catalyst carrier 3 is made of cordierite material, and a noble metal, such as platinum, rhodium, palladium, etc., is coated on the inner surface of the catalyst carrier 3 to reduce the exhaust gas and particulate matter emissions. Because the metal is uniformly dispersed on the large surface area, the consumption of the noble metal of the catalyst can be saved, thereby reducing the cost of the catalyst. Of course, ceramic catalyst carriers can also be used according to the actual requirements.

According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided an exhaust system including an exhaust branch pipe, an electrically heated catalyst, an exhaust pipe, a muffler, and the like, wherein the electrically heated catalyst is the electrically heated catalyst described above, and the exhaust system has all the advantages of the electrically heated catalyst described above, and will not be described herein again.

According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a vehicle including the above exhaust system, the vehicle having all the advantages of the above exhaust system, which will not be described herein again.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be separately described in this disclosure.

In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. An electrically heated catalyst comprising a housing (2), a catalyst carrier (3) disposed inside the housing (2), and a mat (1) disposed between the housing (2) and the catalyst carrier (3), the mat (1) wrapping the outside of the catalyst carrier (3) and fixing the catalyst carrier (3) in the housing (2), characterized in that an electrically heated structure for heating the entirety of the catalyst carrier (3) is provided on the mat (1).

2. An electrically heated catalyst according to claim 1, characterised in that the electrically heated structure comprises electrically resistive wires (11), which electrically resistive wires (11) are configured in a grid-like manner in the form of a cross weave.

3. An electrically heated catalyst according to claim 2, characterised in that the area of the electrically heated structure is arranged to be able to cover at least the outer surface of the catalyst carrier (3).

4. An electrically heated catalyst according to claim 1, characterised in that the electrically heated structure is arranged inside the mat (1) on the inner surface of the mat (1) on the side which is applied to the catalyst carrier (3).

5. An electrically heated catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the electrically heated structure has a positive terminal (12) and a negative terminal (13) for connection to a power supply, the electrically heated catalyst further comprising an insulating sleeve (14) for wrapping outside the positive terminal (12) and the negative terminal (13).

6. An electrically heated catalyst according to claim 5, characterised in that the housing (2) is configured as a sleeve, the wall of the housing (2) being provided with a through-opening for the insertion of the insulating sleeve (14).

7. An electrically heated catalyst according to claim 6, characterised in that the insulating sleeve (14) is a ceramic sleeve.

8. An electrically heated catalyst according to claim 1, characterised in that the catalyst carrier (3) is a metallic catalyst carrier.

9. An exhaust system, characterized by comprising an electrically heated catalyst according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising an exhaust system according to claim 9.

Images