CN210191584U - All-wheel steering device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

An all-wheel steering device of a vehicle belongs to the technical field of vehicles. The vehicle includes preceding traction frame, the front axle frame, the bogie of pulling backward, rear axle frame and trailer frame, the front end and the front axle connected of trailer frame, the rear end and the rear axle connected of trailer frame, the rear axle frame is connected with the front end of bogie of pulling backward, full round of steering device includes front axle steering mechanism and rear axle steering mechanism, front axle steering mechanism is connected with the rear end of preceding traction frame, rear axle steering mechanism connects on the rear axle frame, the front axle frame is connected with front axle steering mechanism, characteristics: the all-wheel steering device further comprises a first traction rope and a second traction rope, the front ends of the first traction rope and the second traction rope are connected with the front axle steering mechanism, the middle parts of the first traction rope and the second traction rope pass through the trailer frame, the positions of the first traction rope and the second traction rope are mutually exchanged on the trailer frame, and the rear ends of the first traction rope and the second traction rope are connected with the rear axle steering mechanism. The requirement of large-span transmission connection between the front wheel and the rear wheel is met, the structure is simplified, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the device is suitable for overlong trailers; the traction mode can be flexibly selected on occasions with road conditions which are inconvenient to turn.

Description

All-wheel steering device for vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the vehicle, concretely relates to all-wheel steering device of vehicle.

Background

The all-wheel steering means that the rear wheels have a steering function as the front wheels, and vehicles having an all-wheel steering function are often found in ultralong trailers, ultralong vans, and the like. All-wheel steering can significantly reduce the turning radius of an ultra-long trailer and improve road adaptability. Technical information related to an all-wheel steering apparatus of a vehicle, such as CN201961369U (a multi-mode all-wheel steering apparatus), CN102372029A (multi-shaft automobile electric control all-wheel steering system), and CN205440524U (a multi-shaft all-wheel steering apparatus and a construction machine having the same), is found in published chinese patent documents.

Typical "an all-wheel steering mechanism of eight-wheel vehicle" as recommended in CN103419837B, the patent has positive significance in that: the problem of multiaxis vehicle steering sideslip and turning radius is big is solved. As can be seen from reading paragraphs 0032 to 0042 of the specification of the patent, the structure of the patent is suitable for vehicles with heavy load and relatively short vehicle bodies, because the linkage relationship between four wheels (eight wheels on both sides) on each side is realized by organic connection among a mandril, a short pull rod, a trapezoidal plate, a connecting rod, a long pull rod, a steering small arm, a wheel steering shaft and the like. However, for very long vehicles (conventionally called "trailers") such as those up to thirty meters or more in length and having only one pair of front wheels on the front axle frame and only one or two pairs of rear wheels on the rear axle frame, it is objectively difficult to satisfy the requirement for a driving connection between the front and rear wheels using the structure taught by CN103419837B, i.e., by virtue of the relationship of axles, links, etc., because the track width between the front and rear wheels is large.

In addition, since the above mentioned patents show the steering motor drive (CN 102372029A) or the hydraulic drive (CN 201961369U and CN 103419837B), the structure of the motor drive and the hydraulic drive is relatively complex, the manufacturing difficulty and the cost are high, and it is not suitable for the use of the over-long trailer. The technical solutions described below have been created in this context.

Disclosure of Invention

The task of the utility model is to provide a help realizing drawing front axle steering mechanism and rear axle steering mechanism and being connected and can satisfy the longspan transmission between front wheel and the rear wheel and be connected the requirement and can simplify the structure, reduce manufacturing and use cost and the vehicle's of suitable overlength trailer use all-wheel steering device.

The task of the utility model is that accomplish like this, an all-wheel steering device of vehicle, the vehicle include a front traction frame, a front axle frame, a reverse-traction bogie, a rear axle frame and a trailer frame, the front end and the front axle connected of trailer frame, the rear end and the rear axle connected of trailer frame, and this rear axle frame is connected with the front end of reverse-traction bogie, all-wheel steering device include a front axle steering mechanism and a rear axle steering mechanism, front axle steering mechanism with the rear end of front traction frame is connected, rear axle steering mechanism connects on the rear axle frame, front axle frame and front axle steering mechanism be connected, characterized in that all-wheel steering device still including a first haulage rope I and a second haulage rope II, the front end of first haulage rope I and second haulage rope II with front axle steering mechanism connects, the middle part of first haulage rope I and second haulage rope II is via each other on the trailer frame and on the position of trailer frame each other And the rear ends of the first traction rope I and the second traction rope II are connected with the rear axle steering mechanism.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a pair of front hitch coupler hinge seats corresponding to each other in the left and right direction is formed at the front end of the front hitch frame, a pair of reverse hitch coupler hinge seats corresponding to each other in the left and right direction is formed at the rear end of the reverse hitch frame, when the front hitch frame is towed, a drawbar is hinged between the pair of front hitch coupler hinge seats through a drawbar hinge pin, and when the reverse hitch frame is towed, the drawbar is transferred to the reverse hitch frame together with the drawbar hinge pin and the drawbar is hinged with the pair of reverse hitch coupler hinge seats through the drawbar hinge pin.

In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the front axle steering mechanism comprises a plate spring box, a front axle stay, a front axle plate spring left fixing seat, a front axle plate spring right fixing seat, a front steering wheel, a turning tray, a pair of front axle plate springs and a pair of front wheels, the front side of the plate spring box is fixedly connected to the rear end face of the front traction frame, a pair of front axle plate spring supporting cavities are formed on the plate spring box and at positions corresponding to the pair of front axle plate springs, a plate spring box supporting plate is formed on the upper portion of the plate spring box, the middle portion of the front axle is hinged to the bottom of the plate spring box, the left front wheel of the pair of front wheels is disposed at the left end of the front axle through a front wheel hub, the right front wheel of the pair of front wheels is also disposed at the right end of the front axle through a front wheel hub, the middle portion of the front axle stay is hinged to the rear end of the front traction frame, the left end of a front wheel shaft support rod is fixedly connected with the left end of a front wheel shaft, the right end of the front wheel shaft support rod is fixedly connected with the right end of the front wheel shaft, a front axle plate spring left fixing seat is fixed with the left end of the front wheel shaft at a position between the left end corresponding to the front wheel shaft support rod and one front wheel on the left side of the front wheels, a front axle plate spring right fixing seat is fixed with the right end of the front wheel shaft at a position between the right end corresponding to the front wheel shaft support rod and one front wheel on the right side of the front wheels, a front steering wheel is fixed on the top of a plate spring box, a rotary central shaft is fixed at the central position of the front steering wheel, the rotary tray is fixed with the front steering wheel and the upper part of the plate spring box at a position corresponding to the upper part of the front steering wheel, the peripheral edge part of the rotary tray extends out of the peripheral edge part of the front steering wheel, the rotary central shaft extends to the upper part of the rotary, the left ends of the pair of front axle plate springs are respectively fixed with the left fixing seats of the front axle plate springs, the middle parts of the pair of front axle plate springs are supported in the supporting cavities of the pair of front axle plate springs, and the right ends of the pair of front axle plate springs are respectively fixed with the right fixing seats of the front axle plate springs; the rear axle frame comprises a rear axle front cross beam, a rear axle rear cross beam, a rear axle left longitudinal beam, a rear axle right longitudinal beam and a reverse-traction frame, the rear axle front cross beam is fixed between the front ends of the rear axle left longitudinal beam and the rear axle right longitudinal beam, the rear axle rear cross beam is fixed between the rear ends of the rear axle left longitudinal beam and the rear axle right longitudinal beam, the front end of the reverse-traction frame is fixedly connected with the middle part of the rear side of the rear axle rear cross beam, and the rear end of the reverse-traction frame is fixedly connected with the front end of the reverse-traction bogie; the front axle frame is fixedly connected with the rotary central shaft at a position corresponding to the upper part of the rotary tray; a trailer frame bottom cross beam is arranged at the bottom of the trailer frame at intervals, a pair of traction rope guide pulley seats which are mutually corresponding left and right are respectively fixed on the trailer frame bottom cross beam, a traction rope guide pulley is respectively and rotatably arranged on the traction rope guide pulley seats, a pair of traction rope abdicating holes of the front beam of the rear axle are arranged on the front beam of the rear axle and at the positions corresponding to the traction rope guide pulleys, the front ends of the first traction rope I and the second traction rope II are sleeved on the front steering wheel and fixed with the front steering wheel, the middle parts of the first traction rope I and the second traction rope II respectively pass through the traction rope guide pulleys on the pair of traction rope guide pulley seats and are exchanged in position on the traction rope guide pulleys of the pair of traction rope guide pulley seats on the bottom cross beam of the two adjacent trailer frames, and the rear end of the rear axle is connected with the rear axle steering mechanism after passing through the rear axle front cross beam traction rope abdicating hole.

In another specific embodiment of the present invention, a front wheel axle stay rod hinge seat is fixed at the bottom of the rear end of the front traction frame, the front wheel axle stay rod hinge seat is formed with a front wheel axle stay rod matching cavity, and the middle part of the front wheel axle stay rod is hinged with the front wheel axle stay rod hinge seat through a front wheel axle stay rod hinge pin shaft at a position corresponding to the front wheel axle stay rod matching cavity; a front steering wheel rope groove is formed on the rim of the front steering wheel and around the circumferential direction of the front steering wheel, and a first traction rope guide hole I and a second traction rope guide hole II are arranged at the positions corresponding to the front side of the rope groove of the front steering wheel, front steering wheel spokes distributed in a radiation state are formed between the front steering wheel and the rotary central shaft at intervals, the front end of the first traction rope I is sleeved on the right side of the rope groove of the front steering wheel, the front end part of the first traction rope I is fixed with the spoke of the front steering wheel through a first traction rope end fixing clamping plate I after passing through a first traction rope guide hole I, the front end of the second traction rope II is sleeved on the left side of the rope groove of the front steering wheel, and the front end part of the second traction rope II is fixed with the spoke of the front steering wheel through a second traction rope end fixing clamping plate II after passing through a second traction rope guide hole II; a front wheel axle hinge seat is fixed at the bottom of the plate spring box and at a position corresponding to the front wheel axle, and the middle part of the front wheel axle is hinged with the front wheel axle hinge seat through a front wheel axle hinge pin shaft at a position corresponding to the front wheel axle hinge seat; the pair of front axle plate springs are respectively formed by rolling a plurality of steel plate spring pieces, and a plate spring ring is formed at one end part facing to the right fixed seat of the front axle plate spring and is connected to a plate spring hanger through a plate spring ring pin shaft, and the plate spring hanger is connected to the right fixed seat of the front axle plate spring through a plate spring hanger pin shaft; and the front axle plate spring left fixing seat is fixed with the left end of the front axle through a front axle plate spring left fixing seat bolt.

In a further specific embodiment of the present invention, a rear axle frame support is fixed to the middle portion of the longitudinal direction of the rear axle left longitudinal beam and the rear axle right longitudinal beam at positions corresponding to each other, the rear axle steering mechanism includes a center steering wheel, a rear axle shaft, a center knuckle arm driving device, a rear axle knuckle arm driving device, a center axle wheel set, a rear axle left balancing device, and a rear axle right balancing device, the center steering wheel is rotatably provided at the middle portion of the longitudinal direction of the center steering wheel cross member through the center steering wheel shaft at a position corresponding to the front side of the rear steering wheel and is located below the center steering wheel cross member, and the center steering wheel cross member is fixed between the opposite sides of the rear axle left longitudinal beam and the rear axle right longitudinal beam, a center steering wheel rope groove is formed on the center steering wheel rim of the center steering wheel and around the circumferential direction of the center steering wheel, a first head hole of a middle steering wheel traction rope and a second head hole of the middle steering wheel traction rope are arranged at the rear side of a middle steering wheel, a group of middle steering wheel spokes are formed between the middle steering wheel and a middle steering wheel hub at intervals in a radiation state, a middle steering wheel shaft is formed at one side of the middle steering wheel hub facing upwards, the rear end of the first traction rope I is sleeved at the front side of a middle steering wheel rope groove, the rear end part of the first traction rope I is fixed with the middle steering wheel spokes through a first traction rope end clamping and fixing plate I after penetrating through the first head hole of the middle steering wheel traction rope, the rear end of the second traction rope II is sleeved at the rear side of the middle steering wheel rope groove, and the rear end part of the second traction rope II is fixed with the middle steering wheel spokes through a second traction rope end clamping and fixing plate II after penetrating through the second head hole of the middle steering wheel traction rope, a rear steering wheel is rotatably arranged at the middle part of the rear steering wheel beam in the length direction through a rear steering wheel shaft at the position corresponding to the rear part of the middle steering wheel and is positioned below the rear steering wheel beam, the rear steering wheel beam is fixed between the opposite sides of the rear axle left longitudinal beam and the rear axle right longitudinal beam, a group of rear steering wheel spokes are formed between the rear steering wheel and a rear steering wheel hub at intervals in a radiation state, the rear steering wheel shaft is formed at the upward side of the rear steering wheel hub, the left end of the rear axle shaft is rotatably supported on the rear axle frame supporting seat positioned on the left longitudinal beam and protrudes out of the left side of the rear axle frame supporting seat, the right end of the rear axle shaft is rotatably supported on the rear axle frame supporting seat positioned on the rear axle right longitudinal beam and protrudes out of the right side of the rear axle frame supporting seat, a middle axle knuckle arm driving device is connected with the middle axle wheel set and is also connected with the rear steering wheel, the rear axle knuckle arm driving device is connected with the rear axle wheel set and is also connected with the middle steering wheel, the middle axle wheel set is connected between the front end of the rear axle left balancing device and the front end of the rear axle right balancing device, the rear axle wheel set is connected between the rear end of the rear axle left balancing device and the rear end of the rear axle right balancing device, the middle part of the rear axle left balancing device is rotatably supported at the left end of the rear axle shaft and is also hinged with the rear axle left longitudinal beam, the middle part of the rear axle right balancing device is rotatably supported at the right end of the rear axle shaft and is also hinged with the rear axle right longitudinal beam, a pull rod mechanism is connected between the middle steering wheel and the reverse traction steering frame, and the pull rod mechanism is also hinged with the rear steering wheel; a left pull rod abdicating hole and a right pull rod abdicating hole are formed in the rear cross beam of the rear axle; a reverse-pulling frame supporting plate is fixed at the bottom of the rear end of the reverse-pulling frame and is fixedly connected with the front end of the reverse-pulling bogie.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a first traction rope guide i is fixed to the middle steering wheel beam and at a position corresponding to the left side of the middle steering wheel, and a second traction rope guide ii is fixed to a position corresponding to the right side of the middle steering wheel, the first traction rope i contacts the first traction rope guide i toward one side of the second traction rope guide ii, and the second traction rope ii contacts the second traction rope guide ii toward one side of the first traction rope guide i; and a rear steering wheel left limiting guide plate I is fixed on the rear steering wheel cross beam and at a position corresponding to the left side of the rear steering wheel, a rear steering wheel right limiting guide plate II is fixed at a position corresponding to the right side of the rear steering wheel, and the rear steering wheel corresponds to a position between the rear steering wheel left limiting guide plate I and the rear steering wheel right limiting guide plate II.

In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, the center shaft knuckle arm driving device includes a center shaft sector plate fixing seat, a center shaft sector plate, a center shaft left knuckle arm steering link, a center shaft right knuckle arm steering link and a left push rod, the center shaft sector plate fixing seat is fixed on the center shaft wheel set, and a center shaft sector plate pivot is formed on the center shaft sector plate fixing seat, a center shaft sector plate revolving shaft hole is formed on the center shaft sector plate and located at the rear end center position of the center shaft sector plate, the center shaft sector plate revolving shaft hole is rotatably sleeved on the center shaft sector plate pivot and limited by a sector plate limiting nut rotatably fitted on the center shaft sector plate pivot, the left end of the center shaft left knuckle arm steering link is connected with the left end of the center shaft wheel set, and the right end of the center shaft left knuckle arm steering link is hinged with a center shaft sector plate first hinge hole i opened at the left end of the center shaft sector plate, the right end of a middle shaft right knuckle arm steering connecting rod is connected with the right end of a middle shaft wheel group, the left end of the middle shaft right knuckle arm steering connecting rod is hinged with a middle shaft fan-shaped plate second hinge hole II formed in the right side of the front end of a middle shaft fan-shaped plate, the front end of a left push rod is hinged with a middle shaft fan-shaped plate left push rod hinge hole formed in the left side of the rear end of the middle shaft fan-shaped plate through a left push rod front connector, and the rear end of the left push rod is hinged with a rear steering wheel spoke on the left side of a rear steering wheel through a left push rod; the rear shaft knuckle arm driving device comprises a rear shaft sector plate fixing seat, a rear shaft sector plate, a rear shaft left knuckle arm steering connecting rod, a rear shaft right knuckle arm steering connecting rod and a right push rod, wherein the rear shaft sector plate fixing seat is fixed on the rear shaft wheel set, a rear shaft sector plate pivot is formed on the rear shaft sector plate fixing seat, a rear shaft sector plate rotating shaft hole is formed in the rear shaft sector plate, the rear shaft sector plate rotating shaft hole is rotationally sleeved on the rear shaft sector plate pivot and limited by a rear shaft sector plate limiting nut which is rotationally matched on the rear shaft sector plate pivot, the left end of the rear shaft left knuckle arm steering connecting rod is connected with the left end of the rear shaft wheel set, the right end of the rear shaft left knuckle arm steering connecting rod is hinged with a first hinge hole I of the rear shaft sector plate which is arranged on the left side of the front end of the rear shaft sector plate, and the right end of the rear shaft right knuckle arm steering connecting rod is connected with the right end of the rear shaft wheel set, the left end of the steering connecting rod of the right knuckle arm of the rear shaft is hinged with a second hinge hole II of the rear shaft sector plate, which is arranged on the right side of the front end of the rear shaft sector plate, the front end of a right push rod is hinged with a spoke of the middle steering wheel on the right side of the middle steering wheel through a front connector of the right push rod, and the rear end of the right push rod is hinged with the middle part on the right side of the rear shaft sector plate through a rear connector of the right push rod; the structure of the rear axle right balancing device is the same as that of the rear axle left balancing device; a lower connecting rod hinged plate extends from the lower part of the rear axle frame supporting seat; the rear axle shaft is rotatably supported on a rear axle frame support seat through a rear axle shaft bearing.

In yet another specific embodiment of the present invention, the center axle wheel set comprises a center axle, a center axle left knuckle arm, a center axle right knuckle arm, a center axle left wheel and a center axle right wheel, the left end of the center axle is connected with the front end of the rear axle left balancing device and forms a center axle left axle sleeve after extending to the left side of the front end of the rear axle left balancing device, the right end of the center axle is connected with the front end of the rear axle right balancing device and forms a center axle right axle sleeve after extending to the right side of the front end of the rear axle right balancing device, the center axle sector plate fixing seat is fixed in the middle of the center axle, the center axle left knuckle arm is pivotally connected with the center axle left axle sleeve through a center axle left knuckle arm pin shaft, a center axle left knuckle arm connecting plate extends from the front side of the center axle left knuckle arm, the left end of the center axle left knuckle arm knuckle connecting plate is hinged with the center axle left knuckle arm connecting plate through a center axle left arm knuckle connecting plate left connecting, a middle shaft left steering knuckle arm spindle nose is formed on the left side of the middle shaft left steering knuckle arm, a middle shaft right steering knuckle arm is pivotally connected with the middle shaft right spindle sleeve through a middle shaft right steering knuckle arm spindle pin, a middle shaft right steering knuckle arm connecting plate extends from the front side of the middle shaft right steering knuckle arm, the right end of a middle shaft right steering connecting rod is hinged with the middle shaft right steering knuckle arm connecting plate through a middle shaft right steering connecting rod right connector, a middle shaft right steering knuckle arm spindle nose is formed on the right side of the middle shaft right steering knuckle arm, a middle shaft left wheel is connected to the middle shaft left steering knuckle arm spindle nose through a middle shaft left wheel hub, and a middle shaft right wheel is connected to the middle shaft right steering knuckle arm spindle nose through a middle shaft right wheel hub; the rear axle wheel set comprises a rear axle, a rear axle left knuckle arm, a rear axle right knuckle arm, a rear axle left wheel and a rear axle right wheel, the left end of the rear axle is connected with the rear end of the rear axle left balancing device and forms a rear axle left shaft sleeve after extending to the left side of the rear end of the rear axle left balancing device, the right end of the rear axle is connected with the rear end of the rear axle right balancing device and forms a rear axle right shaft sleeve after extending to the right side of the rear end of the rear axle right balancing device, a rear axle sector plate fixing seat is fixed in the middle of the rear axle, the rear axle left knuckle arm is pivotally connected with the rear axle left shaft sleeve through a rear axle left knuckle arm pin shaft, a rear axle left knuckle arm connecting plate extends from the front side of the rear axle left knuckle arm, the left end of the rear axle left knuckle arm steering connecting rod is hinged with the rear axle left knuckle arm connecting plate through a rear axle left arm steering connecting head, and a rear axle left knuckle arm is formed on the left side of the rear axle left knuckle arm, the rear axle right knuckle arm is pivotally connected with the rear axle right shaft sleeve through a rear axle right knuckle arm pin shaft, a rear axle right knuckle arm connecting plate extends from the front side of the rear axle right knuckle arm, the right end of the rear axle right knuckle arm steering connecting rod is hinged with the rear axle right knuckle arm connecting plate through a rear axle right knuckle arm steering connecting rod right connector, a rear axle right knuckle arm spindle head is formed on the left side of the rear axle right knuckle arm, a rear axle left wheel is connected to the rear axle left knuckle arm spindle head through a rear axle left wheel hub, and a rear axle right wheel is connected to the rear axle right knuckle arm spindle head through a rear axle right wheel hub; a front lower connecting rod hinge hole I and a rear lower connecting rod hinge hole II are formed in the lower connecting rod hinge plate; and a rear axle shaft threaded shaft head extends from the left end part and the right end part of the rear axle shaft respectively.

In a still more specific embodiment of the present invention, the rear axle left balancing device includes a front link arm, a rear link arm, a front upper link, a rear upper link, a front lower link, a rear axle left leaf spring, and a rear axle left leaf spring support, the rear axle left leaf spring support has a rear axle matching hole, the rear axle matching hole is rotatably supported by the rear axle matching hole through a bearing, the left end of the rear axle is supported by the rear axle left leaf spring support on the rear axle thread spindle head, the rear axle left leaf spring support is limited by a nut, a front link arm middle shaft hole penetrating from the right side of the front link arm to the left side is provided on the lower part of the height direction of the front link arm, a rear axle left front leaf spring support cavity is provided on the middle part of the height direction of the front link arm, the left end of the middle shaft wheel set is rotatably connected with the front link arm through a middle shaft left bearing at a position corresponding to the middle shaft hole of the front link arm middle shaft, and the left end of the The left side of the arm, the middle axle left axle sleeve corresponds to the left side of the front link arm, the rear link arm corresponds to the front link arm, the lower part of the rear link arm in the height direction is provided with a rear link arm rear axle hole which penetrates from the right side of the rear link arm to the left side, the middle part of the rear link arm in the height direction is provided with a rear axle left plate spring rear supporting cavity, the left end of the rear axle wheel set is rotatably connected with the rear link arm through a rear axle left bearing at the position corresponding to the rear link arm rear axle hole and extends to the left side of the rear link arm through the rear axle left bearing, the rear axle left axle sleeve corresponds to the left side of the rear link arm, one end of the front upper link is hinged with a front upper link upper pin axle seat I through a front upper link first pin axle I, the front upper link upper pin axle seat I is fixed with the left side of the rear axle left longitudinal beam, the other end of the front upper link is hinged with the upper link arm, one end of a rear upper connecting rod is hinged with a rear upper connecting rod upper pin shaft seat II through a rear upper connecting rod first pin shaft I, the rear upper connecting rod upper pin shaft seat II is also fixed with the left side of the rear axle left longitudinal beam, the other end of the rear upper connecting rod is hinged with the upper end of a rear connecting rod through a rear upper connecting rod second pin shaft II, one end of a front lower connecting rod is hinged with the bottom of a front connecting rod through a front lower connecting rod first pin shaft I, the other end of the front lower connecting rod is hinged with a lower connecting rod hinged plate through a front lower connecting rod second pin shaft II at a position corresponding to the front lower connecting rod hinged hole I, one end of a rear lower connecting rod is hinged with the bottom of a rear connecting rod through a rear lower connecting rod first pin shaft I, the other end of the rear lower connecting rod is hinged with the lower connecting rod hinged plate through a rear lower connecting rod second pin shaft II at a position corresponding to the rear lower connecting rod hinged plate hole II, a rear axle left plate spring is formed by overlapping a plurality of steel plate springs from, the front end of the rear axle left plate spring is inserted into the rear axle left plate spring front supporting cavity, the rear end of the rear axle left plate spring is inserted into the rear axle left plate spring rear supporting cavity, the middle part of the rear axle left plate spring is supported on the rear axle left plate spring supporting seat, and the length of the steel plate spring piece is gradually shortened from bottom to top.

In yet another specific embodiment of the present invention, the tie bar mechanism comprises a left tie bar, a right tie bar and a tie bar hinge plate, the left tie bar corresponds to the left side of the right tie bar and the left and right tie bars are parallel to each other, the front end of the left tie bar is hinged to the front lower portion of the center steering wheel by a left tie bar front pin, the middle portion is hinged to the front lower portion of the rear steering wheel by a left tie bar middle pin, the rear end of the left tie bar passes through the left tie bar abdicating hole and is hinged to the left end of the tie bar hinge plate, the front end of the right tie bar is hinged to the rear lower portion of the center steering wheel by a right tie bar front pin, the middle portion is hinged to the rear lower portion of the rear steering wheel by a right tie bar middle pin, the rear end of the right tie bar passes through the right tie bar abdicating hole and is hinged to the right end of the tie bar hinge plate, and the middle portion of the tie bar is fixed to the front upper portion of the reverse steering frame, a bogie shaft is arranged in the middle of the front end of the reverse traction bogie, the lower end of the bogie shaft is connected with the reverse traction frame supporting plate, and the middle part of the pull rod hinged plate is also connected with the upper end of the bogie shaft; the left pull rod is provided with a left pull rod disconnection adjusting bolt, and the right pull rod is provided with a right pull rod disconnection adjusting bolt.

The technical scheme provided by the utility model the technical effect lie in: the front axle steering mechanism and the rear axle steering mechanism are in traction connection through the first traction rope I and the second traction rope II, so that the requirement of large-span transmission connection between the front wheels and the rear wheels can be met, the structure can be simplified, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the front axle steering mechanism and the rear axle steering mechanism are suitable for overlong trailers; because the front traction frame can pull the trailer forwards and the reverse traction bogie can pull the trailer backwards, the traction mode can be flexibly selected in the occasions with road conditions which are inconvenient to turn.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front schematic view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detailed structural view of the front traction frame, the front axle steering mechanism, the first traction rope i, and the second traction rope ii shown in fig. 1 and 2.

Fig. 4 is a detailed configuration diagram of the reverse traction bogie, the rear axle frame, and the rear axle steering mechanism shown in fig. 1 and 2.

Fig. 5 is a detailed structural view of the rear axle left counterbalance mechanism shown in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the rear axle left counterbalance mechanism shown in fig. 4 and 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the front axle steering mechanism and the rear axle steering mechanism of the present invention in a non-steering state.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the front axle steering mechanism and the rear axle steering mechanism of the present invention in a steering state.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical essence and advantages of the present invention more clear, the applicant below describes in detail the embodiments, but the description of the embodiments is not a limitation of the present invention, and any equivalent changes made according to the inventive concept, which are only formal and not essential, should be considered as the technical scope of the present invention.

In the following description, any concept relating to the front and rear directionality or orientation is based on the direction of travel of the vehicle, for example, the front end is defined as the left end shown in fig. 1 and 2, since it is the end connected to, i.e., pulled by, the vehicle head, and the rear end is defined as the right end shown in fig. 1 and 2, since it is substantially the rear end of the trailer; in the following description, any reference to the concepts of left and right directionality or directionality is to the orientation defined by the observer facing the vehicle rear, and therefore should not be interpreted as limiting the technical solution provided by the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, there are shown a front traction frame 1, a front axle frame 2, a reverse traction bogie 3, a rear axle frame 4 and a trailer frame 5, wherein the front end of the trailer frame 5 is connected to the front axle frame 2, the rear end of the trailer frame 5 is connected to the rear axle frame 4, and the rear axle frame 4 is connected to the front end of the reverse traction bogie 3, the all-wheel steering apparatus comprises a front axle steering mechanism 6 and a rear axle steering mechanism 7, the front axle steering mechanism 6 is connected to the rear end of the front traction frame 1, the rear axle steering mechanism 7 is connected to (i.e. mounted on) the rear axle frame 4, and the front axle frame 2 is connected to the front axle steering mechanism 6.

As the technical scheme provided by the utility model: the all-wheel steering device further comprises a first traction rope I10 and a second traction rope II 20, the front ends of the first traction rope I10 and the second traction rope II 20 are connected with the front axle steering mechanism 6, the middle portions of the first traction rope I10 and the second traction rope II 20 pass through the trailer frame 5 and exchange positions on the trailer frame 5, and the rear ends of the first traction rope I10 and the second traction rope II 20 are connected with the rear axle steering mechanism 7. As is apparent from the schematic views of fig. 1 and 2, the trailer frame 5 has a hollow frame-like structure.

Referring to fig. 3 in conjunction with fig. 1 and 2, a pair of front traction frame drawbar hinge seats 11 corresponding to each other right and left are formed or fixed at the front end of the front traction frame 1, at the rear end of the reverse traction bogie 3, a pair of reverse traction bogie drawbar hinged seats 31 (shown in fig. 4) corresponding to each other are formed, and when the front traction bogie 1 is towed, a traction rod 30 is hinged between the front traction frame traction rod hinge seats 11 through a traction rod hinge pin shaft 301, when the reverse bogie 3 is towed, the tow bar 30 is transferred to the reverse bogie 3 together with the tow bar hinge pin 301 and the tow bar 30 is hinged to the pair of reverse bogie tow bar hinge sockets 31 by the tow bar hinge pin 301 at a position corresponding to the reverse bogie tow bar hinge pin hole 311 opened in the reverse bogie tow bar hinge socket 31.

Since the trailer is excessively long, it is difficult to satisfy the conditions for turning the vehicle after arriving at the destination such as an industrial and mining company, and automatic turning of the trailer can be achieved by pulling the reverse bogie 3 backward. Specifically, the vehicle head is driven to a degree corresponding to the reverse-traction bogie 3, and is pulled by the vehicle head against the aforementioned drawbar 30 coupled between the vehicle head and the reverse-traction bogie 3.

Referring to fig. 3, the front axle steering mechanism 6 includes a plate spring box 61, a front axle 62, a front axle stay 63, a front axle plate spring left fixing seat 64, a front axle plate spring right fixing seat 65, a front steering wheel 66, a swivel tray 67, a pair of front axle plate springs 68, and a pair of front wheels 69, a front side of the plate spring box 61 is fixedly connected to a rear end face of the front traction frame 1 by welding and/or fastening members, a pair of front axle plate spring support cavities 611 are formed in the plate spring box 61 at positions corresponding to the pair of front axle plate springs 68, a plate spring box support plate 612 is formed in an upper portion of the plate spring box 61, a middle portion of the front axle 62 is hinged to a bottom portion of the plate spring box 61, one of the pair of front wheels 69 on the left side is provided on the left end of the front axle 62 through a front wheel hub 691, and one of the pair of front wheels 69 on the right side is also provided on the right end of the front axle 62 through a front wheel hub 691, the middle part of the front wheel axle stay 63 is hinged with the bottom of the rear end of the front traction frame 1, the left end of the front wheel axle stay 63 is fixedly connected with the left end of the front wheel axle 62, the right end of the front wheel axle stay 63 is fixedly connected with the right end of the front wheel axle 62, the front axle plate spring left fixing seat 64 is fixed with the left end of the front wheel axle 62 at the position corresponding to the position between the left end of the front wheel axle stay 63 and the left front wheel of the front wheel 69, the front axle plate spring right fixing seat 65 is fixed with the right end of the front wheel axle 62 at the position corresponding to the position between the right end of the front wheel axle stay 63 and the right front wheel of the front wheel 69, the front steering wheel 66 is fixed on the top of the plate spring box 61, the center position of the front steering wheel 66 is fixed with a rotary center shaft 661, the rotary tray 67 is fixed with the front steering wheel 66 and the upper part of the plate spring box 61 at the position corresponding to the upper part of, the peripheral edge of the turning tray 67 protrudes out of the peripheral edge of the front steering wheel 66 so as to limit the first traction rope i 10 and the second traction rope ii 20 and prevent the first traction rope ii from escaping upwards to the front steering wheel 66, the turning center shaft 661 extends above the turning tray 67 and is fixed to the turning tray 67, the left ends of the pair of front axle plate springs 68 are respectively fixed to the front axle plate spring left fixing seats 64, the middle portions of the pair of front axle plate springs are supported in the pair of front axle plate spring supporting cavities 611, and the right ends of the pair of front axle plate springs 68 are respectively fixed to the front axle plate spring right fixing seats 65.

Referring to fig. 4 in combination with fig. 1 and 2, the rear axle frame 4 includes a rear axle front cross member 41, a rear axle rear cross member 42, a rear axle left longitudinal member 43, a rear axle right longitudinal member 44, and a reverse frame 45, the rear axle front cross member 41 is fixed between the rear axle left longitudinal member 43 and the front end of the rear axle right longitudinal member 44, the rear axle rear cross member 42 is fixed between the rear axle left longitudinal member 43 and the rear end of the rear axle right longitudinal member 44, the front end of the reverse frame 45 is fixedly connected with the rear middle portion of the rear axle rear cross member 42, and the rear end of the reverse frame 45 is fixedly connected with the front end of the reverse bogie 3; the front axle frame 2 is fixedly connected to a rotary center shaft 661 at a position corresponding to an upper side of the rotary tray 67; a trailer frame bottom cross beam 51 (shown in fig. 2) is arranged at the bottom of the trailer frame 5 at intervals, a pair of traction rope guide pulley seats 511 which are mutually corresponding to each other on the left and right are respectively fixed on the trailer frame bottom cross beam 51, a traction rope guide pulley 5111 is respectively arranged on the pair of traction rope guide pulley seats 511 in a rotating way, a pair of rear axle front cross beam traction rope abdicating holes 411 are respectively arranged on the rear axle front cross beam 41 and at the positions corresponding to the traction rope guide pulleys 5111, the front ends of the first traction rope I10 and the second traction rope II 20 are sleeved on the front steering wheel 66 and are fixed with the front steering wheel 66, the middle parts of the first traction rope I10 and the second traction rope II 20 respectively pass through the traction rope guide pulleys 5111 on the pair of traction rope guide pulley seats 511 and are oppositely arranged on the traction rope guide pulley seats 5111 of the pair of traction rope guide pulley seats 511 on the two adjacent trailer frame bottom cross beams 51, and the rear end of the rear axle is connected with the rear axle steering mechanism 7 after passing through the rear axle front beam traction rope abdicating hole 411.

As shown in fig. 3, a rotation center shaft male screw stub 6611 is formed at the upper end of the rotation center shaft 661, and a center shaft fitting boss 21 is fixed to the front axle frame 2 at a position corresponding to the rotation center shaft 661, and the center shaft fitting boss hole 211 of the center shaft fitting boss 21 is fitted on the rotation center shaft 661 and is defined by a center shaft fitting boss defining nut 66111 screwed on the rotation center shaft male screw stub 6611. Preferably, a nut support washer 66112 is disposed between the center shaft engaging boss 21 and the center shaft engaging boss limiting nut 66111, and the nut support washer 66112 is fitted over the rotating center shaft 661.

As shown in fig. 3, a front wheel axle stay hinge seat 12 is fixed at the bottom of the rear end of the front traction frame 1, the front wheel axle stay hinge seat 12 is formed with a front wheel axle stay matching cavity 121, and the middle of the front wheel axle stay 63 is hinged with the front wheel axle stay hinge seat 12 through a front wheel axle stay hinge pin 631 at a position corresponding to the front wheel axle stay matching cavity 121; a front steering wheel rope groove 662 is formed on the rim of the aforementioned front steering wheel 66 and around the circumferential direction of the front steering wheel 66, and a first drawing rope guide hole I6621 and a second drawing rope guide hole II 6622 are provided at positions corresponding to the front side of the front steering wheel rope groove 662, front steering wheel spokes 663 distributed in a radial state are formed at intervals between the front steering wheel 66 and the turning center shaft 661, the front end of the first traction rope i 10 is fitted to the right side of the front steering wheel rope groove 662 and the front end of the first traction rope i 10 is fixed to the front steering wheel spokes 663 by a first traction rope end fixing clamp i 101 after passing through a first traction rope guide hole i 6621, the front end of the second traction rope ii 20 is fitted to the left side of the front steering wheel rope groove 662 and the front end of the second traction rope ii 20 is fixed to the front steering wheel spokes 663 similarly by a second traction rope end fixing clamp ii 201 after passing through a second traction rope guide hole ii 6622.

A front wheel axle hinge seat 613 is fixed to the bottom of the plate spring case 61 at a position corresponding to the front wheel axle 62, and the middle of the front wheel axle 62 is hinged to the front wheel axle hinge seat 613 by a front wheel axle hinge pin 621 at a position corresponding to the front wheel axle hinge seat 613; the pair of front axle plate springs 68 are each formed by rolling (stacking) a plurality of steel plate spring pieces and a plate spring turn 681 is formed at one end portion facing the front axle plate spring right holder 65, the plate spring turn 681 is connected to a plate spring hanger 682 by a plate spring turn pin 6811, and the plate spring hanger 682 is connected to the front axle plate spring right holder 65 by a plate spring hanger pin 6821; the front axle plate spring left fixing seat 64 is fixed to the left end of the front axle 62 by a front axle plate spring left fixing seat bolt 641 (set).

Fig. 2 and 3 clearly show the state of the middle of the first traction rope i 10 and the second traction rope ii 20 in the form of an X-shape on the traction rope guide pulley seat 511 of the trailer bed crossbeam 51, with the positions reversed. The situation that the first traction rope I10 and the second traction rope II 20 are exchanged with each other is that: the position of the first traction rope i 10 on the front steering wheel 66 is located to the right of the front steering wheel 66, and the position of the second traction rope ii 20 on the front steering wheel 66 is located to the left of the front steering wheel 66, however to the middle steering wheel 71, the same applies to the contrary, the position of the first traction rope i 10 on the middle steering wheel 71 is located to the left of the middle steering wheel 71, and the position of the second traction rope ii 20 on the middle steering wheel 71 is located to the right of the middle steering wheel 71. In the present embodiment, the first traction rope i 10 and the second traction rope ii 20 are both steel wire ropes (also referred to as "steel wire rope bundles").

Referring to fig. 4, a rear axle frame support 46 is fixed to a central portion of the rear axle left side member 43 and the rear axle right side member 44 in the longitudinal direction and at positions corresponding to each other, the rear axle steering mechanism 7 includes a center steering wheel 71, a rear steering wheel 72, a rear axle shaft 73, a center knuckle arm driving device 74, a rear axle knuckle arm driving device 75, a center wheel set 76, a rear axle wheel set 77, a rear axle left balancer 78, and a rear axle right balancer 79, the center steering wheel 71 is rotatably provided at a central portion of the center steering wheel cross member 712 in the longitudinal direction and below the center steering wheel cross member 712 via a center steering wheel shaft 711 at a position corresponding to the front of the rear steering wheel 72, both ends of the center steering wheel cross member 712 are fixed between the opposite sides of the rear axle left side member 43 and the rear axle right side member 44, a center steering wheel rope groove 713 is formed on a center steering wheel rim of the center steering wheel 71 and around the circumferential direction (periphery) of the center steering wheel 71, a first head hole 714 of a middle steering wheel traction rope and a second head hole 715 of the middle steering wheel traction rope are arranged at the rear side of the middle steering wheel 71, a group of middle steering wheel spokes 717 is formed between the middle steering wheel 71 and the middle steering wheel hub 716 at intervals in a radiation state, the middle steering wheel shaft 711 is formed at the upward side of the middle steering wheel hub 716, the rear end of the first traction rope I10 is sleeved at the front side of the middle steering wheel rope groove 713, the rear end of the first traction rope I10 is fixed with the middle steering wheel spokes 717 through a first traction rope end clamping fixing plate I102 after passing through the first head hole 714 of the middle steering wheel traction rope, the rear end of the second traction rope II 20 is sleeved at the rear side of the middle steering wheel rope groove 713, and the rear end of the second traction rope II 20 is fixed with the middle steering wheel spokes 717 through a second traction rope end clamping fixing plate II 202 after passing through the second head hole 715 of the middle steering wheel traction rope, a rear steering wheel 72 is rotatably provided at a position corresponding to the rear of the aforementioned middle steering wheel 71 in the middle of the longitudinal direction of the rear steering wheel cross member 722 and below the rear steering wheel cross member 722, both ends of the rear steering wheel cross member 722 are fixed between the aforementioned rear axle left side member 43 and the opposite side of the rear axle right side member 44, a set of rear steering wheel spokes 724 are formed between the rear steering wheel 72 and a rear steering wheel hub 723 in a radial state at intervals, the aforementioned rear steering wheel shaft 721 is formed on the upward side of the rear steering wheel hub 723, the left end of the rear axle shaft 73 is rotatably supported on the aforementioned rear axle frame support 46 on the aforementioned left side member 43 and protrudes to the left side of the rear axle frame support 46, and the right end of the rear axle shaft 73 is rotatably supported on the aforementioned rear axle frame support 46 on the aforementioned rear axle right side member 44 and protrudes to the right side of the rear axle frame support 46, a center axle knuckle arm drive 74 is connected to the aforementioned center axle wheel group 76 and is also connected to the aforementioned rear steering wheel 72, a rear axle knuckle arm drive 75 is connected to the aforementioned rear axle wheel group 77 and is also connected to the aforementioned center steering wheel 71, the center axle wheel group 76 is connected between the front end of the rear axle left balancer 78 and the front end of the rear axle right balancer 79, the rear axle wheel group 77 is connected between the rear end of the rear axle left balancer 78 and the rear end of the rear axle right balancer 79, the middle part of the rear axle left balancer 78 is rotatably supported at the left end of the aforementioned rear axle shaft 73 and is also simultaneously articulated to the aforementioned rear axle left longitudinal beam 43, and the middle part of the rear axle right balancer 79 is rotatably supported at the right end of the aforementioned rear axle shaft 73 and is also simultaneously articulated to the aforementioned rear axle right longitudinal beam 44.

A tie rod mechanism 8 is connected between the middle steering wheel 71 and the reverse-traction bogie 3, and the tie rod mechanism 8 is also hinged with the rear steering wheel 72; a left pull rod abdicating hole 421 and a right pull rod abdicating hole 422 are arranged on the rear axle rear cross beam 42; a reverse frame support plate 451 is preferably fixed to a bottom portion of a rear end of the reverse frame 45 by welding, and the reverse frame support plate 451 is fixedly connected to a front end of the reverse bogie 3.

Continuing to fig. 4, a first lead wire guide frame i 7121 is bolted to the aforementioned center bogie beam 712 at a position corresponding to the aforementioned left side of the center bogie 71, and a second lead wire guide frame ii 7122 is bolted to the aforementioned right side of the center bogie 71, the aforementioned first lead wire i 10 being in contact with a side of the first lead wire guide frame i 7121 facing the second lead wire guide frame ii 7122, and the aforementioned second lead wire ii 20 being in contact with a side of the second lead wire guide frame ii 7122 facing the first lead wire guide frame i 7121; a rear steering wheel left limit guide i 7221 is fixed to the rear steering wheel cross member 722 at a position corresponding to the left side of the rear steering wheel 72, and a rear steering wheel right limit guide ii 7222 is fixed to the rear steering wheel 72 at a position corresponding to the right side thereof, the rear steering wheel 72 corresponding to the space between the rear steering wheel left limit guide i 7221 and the rear steering wheel right limit guide ii 7222.

Continuing with FIG. 4, the aforementioned bottom bracket knuckle arm drive 74 includes a bottom bracket sector plate holder 741, a bottom bracket sector plate 742, a bottom bracket left knuckle arm steering link 743, a bottom bracket right knuckle arm steering link 744, and a left push rod 745, the bottom bracket sector plate holder 741 is secured to the aforementioned bottom bracket wheel set 76, and a bottom bracket sector plate pivot 7411 is formed on the bottom bracket sector plate holder 741, a bottom bracket sector plate pivot hole 7421 is formed on the bottom bracket sector plate 742 and at a central location of a rear end of the bottom bracket sector plate 742, the bottom bracket sector plate pivot hole 7421 is rotatably disposed on the aforementioned bottom bracket sector plate pivot 7411 and is defined by a bottom bracket sector plate defining nut 74111 rotatably disposed on the bottom bracket sector plate pivot 7411, a left end of the bottom bracket left knuckle arm steering link 743 is connected to a left end of the bottom bracket wheel set 76, and a right end of the bottom bracket left knuckle arm steering link 743 is connected to a bottom bracket left knuckle arm right pivot pin 7432 via a bottom bracket left knuckle arm steering link right pin 7432 and a first bottom bracket left end disposed The hinge hole I7422 is hinged, the right end of the middle shaft right-knuckle arm steering link 744 is connected with the right end of the middle shaft wheel group 76, the left end of the middle shaft right-knuckle arm steering link 744 is hinged with a middle shaft sector plate second hinge hole II 7423 arranged on the right side of the front end of the middle shaft sector plate 742 through a middle shaft right-knuckle arm steering link left pin shaft 7442, the front end of the left push rod 745 is hinged with a middle shaft sector plate left push rod hinge hole 7424 arranged on the left side of the rear end of the middle shaft sector plate 742 through a left push rod front connector 7451, and the rear end of the left push rod 745 is hinged with the rear steering wheel spoke 724 on the left side of the rear steering wheel 72 through a left push rod rear connector 7452.

Continuing with FIG. 4, the aforementioned rear axle knuckle arm drive device 75 includes a rear axle sector plate holder 751, a rear axle sector plate 752, a rear axle left knuckle arm steering link 753, a rear axle right knuckle arm steering link 754, and a right push rod 755, the rear axle sector plate holder 751 being secured to the aforementioned rear axle wheelset 77 and having a rear axle sector plate pivot 7511 formed on the rear axle sector plate holder 751, a rear axle sector plate swivel axis hole (not shown) formed in the rear axle sector plate 752 and at a position corresponding to the aforementioned rear axle sector plate pivot 7511 and rotatably received in the aforementioned rear axle sector plate pivot 7511 and defined by a rear axle sector plate limit nut 75111 rotatably received in the rear axle sector plate pivot 7511, the left end of the rear axle left knuckle arm steering link 753 being connected to the left end of the rear axle wheelset 77, and the right end of the rear axle left knuckle arm steering link 753 being connected to the left end of the rear axle sector plate 752 by a left arm steering link 7532 and a left end connector provided in the rear axle sector plate 752 The first hinge hole I of the rear shaft sector plate is hinged, the right end of a rear shaft right knuckle arm steering connecting rod 754 is connected with the right end of a rear shaft wheel group 77, the left end of the rear shaft right knuckle arm steering connecting rod 754 is hinged with a rear shaft sector plate second hinge hole II arranged on the right side of the front end of a rear shaft sector plate 752 through a rear shaft right knuckle arm steering connecting rod left connecting head 7542, the front end of a right push rod 755 is hinged with the middle steering wheel spoke 717 on the right side of the middle steering wheel 71 through a right push rod front connecting head 7551, and the rear end of the right push rod 755 is hinged with the middle part on the right side of the rear shaft sector plate 752 through a right push rod rear connecting head 7552.

Since the structure and the operation principle of the rear axle right balancer 79 are the same as those of the rear axle left balancer 78, the applicant will describe in detail only the structure of the rear axle left balancer 78 below.

As shown in fig. 5, a lower link hinge plate 461 extends from a lower portion of the rear axle frame support base 46; the rear axle shaft 73 is rotatably supported on the rear axle frame support base 46 by a rear axle shaft bearing 731.

Continuing to refer to fig. 4, the aforementioned middle axle wheel set 76 includes a middle axle 761, a middle axle left knuckle arm 762, a middle axle right knuckle arm 763, a middle axle left wheel 764, and a middle axle right wheel 765, where the left end of the middle axle 761 is connected to the front end of the aforementioned rear axle left balancing device 78 and forms a middle axle left axle sleeve 7611 extending to the left of the front end of the rear axle left balancing device 78, the middle axle left axle sleeve 7611 is in pivot fit with the middle axle left knuckle arm 762, the right end of the middle axle 761 is connected to the front end of the aforementioned rear axle right balancing device 79 and forms a middle axle right axle sleeve 7612 extending to the right of the front end of the rear axle right balancing device 79, and the middle axle right axle sleeve 7612 is in pivot fit with the middle axle right knuckle arm 763; the aforementioned middle axle sector plate fixing seat 741 is fixed to the middle of the middle axle 761 by a set of middle axle sector plate fixing seat screws 7412, the middle axle left knuckle arm 762 is pivotally connected to the aforementioned middle axle left bushing 7611 by a middle axle left knuckle arm pin 7621, a middle axle left knuckle arm connecting plate 7622 extends from the front side of the middle axle left knuckle arm 762, the left end of the aforementioned middle axle left knuckle arm steering link 743 is hinged to the middle axle left knuckle arm connecting plate 7622 by a middle axle left knuckle arm steering link left connecting head 7431 at a position corresponding to a connecting hole 76221 formed on the middle axle left knuckle arm connecting plate 7622, a middle axle left knuckle arm spindle head 7623 is formed on the left side of the middle axle left knuckle arm 762, the middle axle right knuckle arm 763 is pivotally connected to the aforementioned middle axle right bushing 7612 by a middle axle right knuckle arm pin 7631, a middle axle right knuckle arm connecting plate 7632 extends from the front side of the middle axle right knuckle arm 763, the right end of the center shaft right knuckle arm steering link 744 is hinged to a center shaft right knuckle arm connecting plate 7632 through a center shaft right knuckle arm steering link right connecting head 7441 at a position corresponding to a connecting plate hole 76321 formed in the center shaft right knuckle arm connecting plate 7632, a center shaft right knuckle arm spindle head 7633 is formed on the right side of the center shaft right knuckle arm 763, a center shaft left wheel 764 is connected to the center shaft left knuckle arm spindle head 7623 through a center shaft left wheel hub 7641, and a center shaft right wheel 765 is connected to the center shaft right knuckle arm spindle head 7633 through a center shaft right wheel hub 7651.

Continuing to refer to fig. 4, the aforementioned rear axle wheel set 77 includes a rear axle 771, a rear axle left knuckle arm 772, a rear axle right knuckle arm 773, a rear axle left wheel 774 and a rear axle right wheel 775, the left end of the rear axle 771 is connected with the rear end of the aforementioned rear axle left balancing device 78 and is formed with a rear axle left bushing 7711 after extending to the left side of the rear end of the rear axle left balancing device 78, the rear axle left bushing 7711 is pivotally engaged with the rear axle left knuckle arm 772, the right end of the rear axle 771 is connected with the rear end of the aforementioned rear axle right balancing device 79 and is formed with a rear axle right bushing 7712 after extending to the right side of the rear end of the rear axle right balancing device 79, the rear axle right bushing 7712 is pivotally engaged with the rear axle right knuckle arm 773, the aforementioned rear axle sector plate fixing base 751 is fixed in the middle of the rear axle by a set of rear axle sector plate fixing base screws 7512, the rear axle left knuckle arm 772 is pivotally connected with the aforementioned rear axle left knuckle arm 771 by a rear axle left knuckle pin 7721, a rear axle left knuckle arm connecting plate 7722 extends from the front side of the rear axle left knuckle arm 772, the left end of the rear axle left knuckle arm steering link 753 is hinged to the rear axle left knuckle arm connecting plate 7722 through a rear axle left knuckle arm steering link left connecting head 7531 at a position corresponding to a connecting hole (not shown) formed in the rear axle left knuckle arm connecting plate 7722, a rear axle left knuckle arm stub 7723 is formed on the left side of the rear axle left knuckle arm 772, the rear axle right knuckle arm 773 is pivotally connected to the rear axle right axle sleeve 7712 through a rear axle right knuckle arm pin 7731, a rear axle right knuckle arm connecting plate 7732 extends from the front side of the rear axle right knuckle arm 773, the right end of the rear axle right knuckle arm steering link 754 is hinged to the rear axle right knuckle arm connecting plate 7732 through a rear axle right knuckle arm connecting head 7541 at a position corresponding to a connecting hole (not shown) formed in the rear axle right knuckle arm connecting plate 7732, a rear axle right knuckle arm spindle nose (not shown) is formed on the left side of the rear axle right knuckle arm 773, a rear axle left wheel 774 is connected to the rear axle left knuckle arm spindle nose 7723 through a rear axle left wheel hub 7741, and a rear axle right wheel 775 is connected to the rear axle right knuckle arm spindle nose through a rear axle right wheel hub 7751.

As shown in fig. 5, a front lower link hinge hole i 4611 and a rear lower link hinge hole ii 4612 are formed in the lower link hinge plate 461; a rear axle spindle head 732 extends from each of the left and right ends of the rear axle shaft 73.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6 in combination with fig. 1 to 3, the rear axle left balancer 78 includes a front link arm 781, a rear link arm 782, a front upper link 783, a rear upper link 784, a front lower link 785, a rear lower link 786, a rear axle left leaf spring 787, and a rear axle left leaf spring support 788, the rear axle left leaf spring support 788 has a rear axle fitting hole 7881, the rear axle fitting hole 7881 is supported rotatably by a rear axle fitting hole bearing at a left end of the rear axle 73, and is defined by a rear axle left leaf spring support limiting nut 7321 screwed to the rear axle threaded head 732, a front link arm central hole 7811 is provided in a lower part of the front link arm 781 in a height direction so as to extend from a right side to a left side of the front link arm 781, a rear axle left front leaf spring support cavity 7812 is provided in a middle part of the front axle 781 in the height direction, and a left end of the central axle 761 of the front axle 76 is supported rotatably by the front link arm central shaft bearing 3 at a position corresponding to the front link arm central hole 781 The left end of the middle shaft 761 is connected and extends to the left side of the front link arm 781 through the middle shaft left bearing 7613, the middle shaft left bushing 7611 corresponds to the left side of the front link arm 781, the rear link arm 782 corresponds to the front link arm 781, the lower part of the rear link arm 782 in the height direction is provided with a rear link arm rear shaft hole 7821 which penetrates from the right side to the left side of the rear link arm 782, the middle part of the rear link arm 782 in the height direction is provided with a rear axle left plate spring rear supporting cavity 7822, the left end of the rear shaft 771 of the rear shaft wheel set 77 is rotatably connected with the rear link 782 through the rear shaft left bearing 7713 at the position corresponding to the rear link arm rear shaft hole 7821, the left end of the rear shaft 7713 extends to the left side of the rear link arm 782 through the rear shaft left bearing 7713, the rear shaft left bushing 7711 corresponds to the left side of the rear link arm 782, one end of the front upper link 783 is hinged with the front upper link pin shaft base 35, the front upper connecting rod upper pin shaft seat I78311 is fixed with the left side of the rear axle left longitudinal beam 43, the other end of the front upper connecting rod 783 is hinged with the upper end of a front connecting rod 781 through a front upper connecting rod second pin shaft II 7832, one end of the rear upper connecting rod 784 is hinged with the rear upper connecting rod upper pin shaft seat II 78411 through a rear upper connecting rod first pin shaft I7841, the rear upper connecting rod upper pin shaft seat II 78411 is also fixed with the left side of the rear axle left longitudinal beam 43, the other end of the rear upper connecting rod 784 is hinged with the upper end of a rear connecting rod 782 through a rear upper connecting rod second pin shaft II 7842, one end of the front lower connecting rod 785 is hinged with the bottom of the front connecting rod 781 through a front lower connecting rod first pin shaft I7851, the other end of the front lower connecting rod 785 is hinged with the lower connecting rod 461 at a position corresponding to the front lower connecting rod hinging hole I4611 through a front lower connecting rod second pin shaft II 7852, one end of the rear lower connecting rod 786 is hinged with the bottom of the rear connecting, the other end of the rear lower link 786 is also hinged to the lower link hinged plate 461 through a rear lower link second pin shaft ii 7862 at a position corresponding to the rear lower link hinged hole ii 4612, the rear axle left plate spring 787 is formed by stacking a plurality of steel plate spring pieces from bottom to top and is fixed together by plate spring fastening bolts 7871 distributed at intervals, the front end of the rear axle left plate spring 787 is inserted into the rear axle left plate spring front supporting cavity 7812, the rear end of the rear axle left plate spring is inserted into the rear axle left plate spring rear supporting cavity 7822, the middle part of the rear axle left plate spring 787 is supported on the rear axle left plate spring supporting seat 788, and the length of the steel plate spring pieces is gradually shortened from bottom to top.

As can be seen from the above description, since the left end of the middle shaft 761 extends to the left side of the front link arm 781 of the structural system of the rear axle left balancing device 78, and since the front link arm 751 is located at the front end of the whole rear axle left balancing device 78, the applicant has said that the left end of the middle shaft 761 is connected with the front end of the rear axle left balancing device 78 and a middle shaft left bushing 7611 is formed after extending to the left side of the front end of the rear axle left balancing device 78, and the rest of the same examples will not be repeated.

Continuing to refer to fig. 4 in conjunction with fig. 1 and 2, the aforementioned tie bar mechanism 8 includes a left tie bar 81, a right tie bar 82, and a tie bar hinge plate, the left tie bar 81 corresponding to the left side of the right tie bar 82 and the left tie bar 81 and the right tie bar 82 being parallel to each other, the front end of the left tie bar 81 being hinged to the front lower portion of the aforementioned intermediate steering wheel 71 by a left tie bar front pin 811, the middle portion being hinged to the front lower portion of the aforementioned rear steering wheel 72 by a left tie bar intermediate pin 812, the rear end of the left tie bar 81 passing through the aforementioned left tie bar escape hole 421 and being hinged to the left end of the tie bar hinge plate 83 by a left tie bar rear connector 814, the front end of the right tie bar 82 being hinged to the rear lower portion of the intermediate steering wheel 71 by a right tie bar front pin 821, the middle portion being formed with an expanded ring 824, the middle portion of the right tie bar 82 being hinged to the rear lower portion of the rear steering wheel 72 by a right tie bar intermediate pin 822 at a position corresponding to the expanded, the rear end of the right pull rod 82 passes through the right pull rod abdicating hole 422 and is hinged with the right end of the pull rod hinge plate 83 through the right pull rod rear connecting head 825, the middle part of the pull rod hinge plate 83 is fixed with the upper part of the front end of the reverse steering frame 3 through a group of pull rod hinge plate screws 831, a steering frame shaft 32 is arranged at the front end central position of the reverse steering frame 3, the lower end of the steering frame shaft 32 is connected with the reverse steering frame supporting plate 451, and the middle part of the pull rod hinge plate 83 is also connected with the upper end of the steering frame shaft 32.

The left link 81 is provided with a left link disconnection adjusting bolt 813, specifically, the left link is disconnected, the left link disconnection adjusting bolt 813 is provided at each disconnection portion, a disconnection adjusting nut 8131 is provided on the left link disconnection adjusting bolt 813, fine adjustment of the length of the left link 81 is achieved by adjusting the disconnection adjusting nut 8131, a right link disconnection adjusting bolt 823 is provided on the right link 82, and specific functions are the same as those described for the left link 81.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8 in conjunction with fig. 1 to 4, fig. 7 shows the front axle steering mechanism 6 and the rear axle steering mechanism 7 in a non-steering action state, i.e. the trailer is in normal towing travel by the vehicle head, while fig. 8 shows the front axle steering mechanism 6 and the rear axle steering mechanism 7 in a steering action state.

Under the pulling of a vehicle head (also called a trailer), namely under the pulling of the vehicle head serving as a main vehicle, the vehicle head drives a front traction frame 1 through a traction rod 30, a front axle steering mechanism 6 is driven by the front traction frame 1, a front axle frame 2 is driven by the front axle steering mechanism 6, a trailer frame 5 is driven by the front axle frame 2, a rear axle frame 4 is driven by the trailer frame 5, a rear axle steering mechanism 7 and a reverse traction steering frame 3 are driven by the rear axle frame 4, and the front and rear axle steering mechanisms 6 and 7 are connected through a first traction rope I10 and a second traction rope II 20 to realize synchronous steering.

When turning left, i.e. the vehicle head drives the traction rod 30 to turn left, the front traction frame 1 of the structural system of the trailer drives the front axle steering mechanism 6 to rotate left (relative to the trailer frame 5) by taking the rotary central shaft 661 as a rotary center, since the front steering wheel 66 is fixed to the upper portion of the leaf spring case 61 (i.e., fixed to the upper portion of the leaf spring case 61), the front steering wheel 66 rotates counterclockwise, the first traction rope i 10 fixed to the front steering wheel 66 moves forward, the middle traction steering wheel 71 rotates alternately, the second traction rope ii 20 fixed to the middle steering wheel 71 rotates (in the vehicle rear direction) in conjunction with the rotation of the middle traction steering wheel 71 in counterclockwise synchronization, since the middle steering wheel 71 and the rear steering wheel 72 and the tie bar hinge plate 83 on the reverse traction bogie 3 are hinged together by the left tie bar 81 and the right tie bar 82, thus, when the center steering wheel 71 is turned, the rear steering wheel 72 and the reverse bogie 3 (centered on the bogie shaft 32) are also turned accordingly.

In the above process, since the two ends (front end and rear end) of the right push rod 755 are hinged between the right side of the middle steering wheel 71 and the right side of the rear axle sector plate 752, the right push rod 755 moves along with the middle steering wheel 71, and pushes the rear axle sector plate 752 to rotate clockwise along with the backward movement of the right push rod 755, so as to drive the two rear axle left knuckle arm steering link 753 and the rear axle right knuckle arm steering link 754 hinged with the rear axle sector plate 752 to move rightward, and drive the rear axle left knuckle arm 772 and the rear axle right knuckle arm 773 to rotate rightward (rotate clockwise), so that the rear axle wheel set 77 rotates rightward, i.e. turns rightward (opposite to the rotation direction of the front axle wheel set, i.e. the pair of front wheels 69).

In the above process, since the two ends (i.e. the front end and the rear end) of the left push rod 745 are respectively hinged between the left side of the middle axle sector plate 742 and the front side of the rear steering wheel 72 through the left push rod front connector 7451 and the left push rod rear connector 7452, the left push rod 745 is pushed to move forward along with the clockwise rotation of the rear steering wheel 72, the middle axle sector plate 742 is driven (pushed) to rotate clockwise by the left push rod 745, the middle axle left knuckle arm steering link 743 and the middle axle right knuckle arm steering link 744 hinged to the middle axle sector plate 742 are driven to move rightward, and the middle axle left knuckle arm 762 and the middle axle right knuckle arm 763 are driven to rotate rightward (rotate clockwise), so that the middle axle wheel set 76 rotates rightward, i.e. turns rightward (opposite to the rotation direction of the front axle wheel set, i.e. the pair of front wheels 69).

When the tractor turns right under the traction of the front end, as mentioned above, the front traction frame 1 is driven by the traction rod 30, the front axle frame 2 is driven by the front traction frame 1 through the front axle steering mechanism 6, the front axle steering mechanism 6 rotates right around the center turning shaft 661, the front steering wheel 66 rotates clockwise, that is, rotates along with the front axle steering mechanism 6, the second traction rope ii 20 fixed to the front steering wheel 66 moves forward, and the first traction rope i 10 also fixed to the front steering wheel 66 moves backward, and the two alternate (displacement) and the middle traction steering wheel 71 rotates counterclockwise, and under the traction of the left pull rod 81 and the right pull rod 82 (the left pull rod 81 moves backward, and the right pull rod 82 moves forward), the rear steering wheel 72 and the reverse steering frame 3 rotate counterclockwise in the same way as mentioned above. At the same time, the forward movement of the right push rod 755 hinged to the middle steering wheel 71 pulls the rear axle sector plate 752, so that the rear axle sector plate 752 rotates counterclockwise, and accordingly, the rear axle left knuckle arm steering link 753 and the rear axle right knuckle arm steering link 754 move leftward, which drives the rear axle left knuckle arm 772 and the rear axle right knuckle arm 773 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the rear axle wheel set 77 turns leftward (in the opposite direction to the rotation of the pair of front wheels 69). At the same time, the left push rod 745 hinged to the rear steering wheel 72 moves backward to push the middle axle sector plate 742 to rotate counterclockwise, and then the middle axle left knuckle arm steering link 743 and the middle axle right knuckle arm steering link 744 move leftward to rotate the middle axle left knuckle arm 762 and the middle axle right knuckle arm 763, so that the middle axle wheelset 76 moves leftward (in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the front wheels 69).

In some special cases, such as road and field without turning, the reverse traction mode can be activated, specifically: the tow bar 30 is transferred to the tow truck tow bar hinge mount 31, i.e., the tow bar 30 is hinged to the tow truck tow bar hinge mount 31 using the tow bar hinge pin 301 as previously described. It will be appreciated that the tow bar 30 and the tow bar hinge pin 301 are motorized components, allowing the tow location to be changed as desired. And the turning is realized under the traction of a tractor, namely the locomotive.

The motion state of a reverse traction right turn (relative to the reverse advancing direction) is similar to that of the positive traction, and specifically comprises the following steps: the drag rod 30 drives the reverse traction bogie 3 to turn right, the drag rod hinged plate 83 fixed on the reverse traction bogie 3 rotates clockwise, under the traction of the left drag rod 81 and the right drag rod 82, the rear steering wheel 72 and the middle steering wheel 71 rotate clockwise, the right push rod 755 displaces backwards, the left push rod 745 displaces forwards to push the rear shaft sector plate 752 to rotate clockwise, the middle shaft sector plate 742 also rotates clockwise, and drives the middle shaft left knuckle arm steering link 743, the middle shaft right knuckle arm steering link 744, the rear shaft left knuckle arm steering link 753 and the rear shaft right knuckle arm steering link 754 to move rightwards, so that the middle shaft wheel set 76 and the rear shaft wheel set 77 turn right (relative to the reverse advancing direction) at the same time, and under the traction of the first drag rope I10 and the second drag rope II 20, the front axle steering mechanism 6 turns left (relative to the reverse advancing direction), this turning direction is opposite to the turning direction of the aforementioned middle axle wheel set 76 and rear axle wheel set 77.

The motion state of the left turning (relative to the reverse advancing direction) in the reverse traction is similar to that of the positive traction, and specifically comprises the following steps: the towing bar 30 rotates the towing bogie 3 counterclockwise to the left, and the left and the right tie rods 81 and 82 rotate the rear and the middle steering wheels 72 and 71 counterclockwise to displace the right push rod 755 forward, and the left push rod 745 displaces backward to push the rear steering sector 752 and the middle shaft sector 742 also counterclockwise, and simultaneously tow the middle shaft left and right knuckle arm steering links 743 and 744, the rear shaft left knuckle arm steering link 753 and the rear shaft right knuckle arm steering link 754 to move leftward to turn the middle shaft wheel set 76 and the rear shaft wheel set 77 leftward (relative to the reverse direction), and simultaneously under the towing of the first and the second towing ropes I10 and II 20, the front axle steering mechanism 6 turns rightward (relative to the reverse direction), and the turning direction of the pair of front wheels 69 of the structural system of the front axle steering mechanism 6 and the turning direction of the middle shaft, left and left of the structural system of the rear axle steering mechanism 7, The right wheels 764, 765, the rear axle left wheel 774, and the rear axle right wheel 775 turn in opposite directions.

As can be seen from the above description of the applicant in conjunction with the structure shown in the drawings, the vehicle according to the present invention has a three-axle six-wheel structure, and in the present embodiment, the distance between the front axle 62 and the middle axle 761 is 18380mm, and the distance between the middle axle 761 and the rear axle 771 is 1240 mm. But not limited to the foregoing dimensions and many variations are possible in light of the inventive concept.

Simulation tests carried out by the applicant under the condition of taking security measures show that: the minimum turning radius of the trailer is 21m, the maximum rotation angle of the traction frame during front traction is 30 degrees (the included angle between the traction frame and the longitudinal axis of the vehicle), and the turning radius of the vehicle is 21 m.

To sum up, the technical solution provided by the present invention remedies the defects in the prior art, successfully completes the invention task, and faithfully embodies the technical effects mentioned in the above technical effect column by the applicant.

Claims (10)

1. An all-wheel steering device of a vehicle, the vehicle comprises a front traction frame (1), a front axle frame (2), a reverse-traction bogie (3), a rear axle frame (4) and a trailer frame (5), the front end of the trailer frame (5) is connected with the front axle frame (2), the rear end of the trailer frame (5) is connected with the rear axle frame (4), the rear axle frame (4) is connected with the front end of the reverse-traction bogie (3), the all-wheel steering device comprises a front axle steering mechanism (6) and a rear axle steering mechanism (7), the front axle steering mechanism (6) is connected with the rear end of the front traction frame (1), the rear axle steering mechanism (7) is connected with the rear axle frame (4), the front axle frame (2) is connected with the front axle steering mechanism (6), and the all-wheel steering device is characterized by further comprising a first traction rope (10) and a second traction rope (I) (20), the front end of first haulage rope I (10) and second haulage rope II (20) with front axle steering mechanism (6) are connected, and the middle part of first haulage rope I (10) and second haulage rope II (20) is via hang frame (5) and exchange the position each other on hanging frame (5), and the rear end of first haulage rope I (10) and second haulage rope II (20) with rear axle steering mechanism (7) connect.

2. All-wheel steering apparatus for vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a pair of front traction frame drawbar hinge seats (11) corresponding to each other right and left are formed at the front end of said front traction frame (1), a pair of traction rod hinging seats (31) of the reverse traction bogie corresponding to each other left and right are formed at the rear end of the reverse traction bogie (3), when the front traction frame (1) is dragged, a traction rod (30) is hinged between the pair of front traction frame traction rod hinged seats (11) through a traction rod hinged pin shaft (301), when the reverse traction bogie (3) is pulled, the traction rod (30) together with the traction rod hinge pin (301) is transferred to the reverse traction bogie (3) and the traction rod (30) is hinged with the pair of reverse traction bogie traction rod hinge seats (31) by the traction rod hinge pin (301).

3. The all-wheel steering apparatus for vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said front axle steering mechanism (6) comprises a plate spring case (61), a front wheel axle (62), a front wheel axle stay (63), a front axle plate spring left fixing seat (64), a front axle plate spring right fixing seat (65), a front steering wheel (66), a swivel tray (67), a pair of front axle plate springs (68), and a pair of front wheels (69), a front side of the plate spring case (61) is fixedly connected to a rear end face of said front traction frame (1), a pair of front axle plate spring support cavities (611) are formed on the plate spring case (61) and at positions corresponding to the pair of front axle plate springs (68), and a plate spring case support plate (612) is formed on an upper portion of the plate spring case (61), a middle portion of the front wheel axle (62) is hinged to a bottom portion of the plate spring case (61), a left one of the pair of front wheels (69) is provided on a left end of the front wheel axle (62) through a front wheel hub (691), the right front wheel of the front wheel pair (69) is arranged at the right end of the front wheel shaft (62) through a front wheel hub (691), the middle part of a front wheel shaft support rod (63) is hinged with the bottom of the rear end of the front traction frame (1), the left end of the front wheel shaft support rod (63) is fixedly connected with the left end of the front wheel shaft (62), the right end of the front wheel shaft support rod (63) is fixedly connected with the right end of the front wheel shaft (62), a front axle plate spring left fixing seat (64) is fixed with the left end of the front wheel shaft (62) at a position between the left end of the front wheel shaft support rod (63) and the left front wheel of the front wheel pair (69), a front axle plate spring right fixing seat (65) is fixed with the right end of the front wheel shaft (62) at a position between the right end of the front wheel shaft support rod (63) and the right front wheel of the front wheel pair (69), and a front steering wheel (66) is fixed at the top of the plate spring box (61), a rotary central shaft (661) is fixed at the central position of the front steering wheel (66), the rotary tray (67) is fixed with the front steering wheel (66) and the upper part of the plate spring box (61) at the position corresponding to the upper part of the front steering wheel (66), the peripheral edge part of the rotary tray (67) extends out of the peripheral edge part of the front steering wheel (66), the rotary central shaft (661) extends to the upper part of the rotary tray (67) and is fixed with the rotary tray (67), the left ends of a pair of front axle plate springs (68) are respectively fixed with the front axle plate spring left fixing seat (64), the middle parts are supported in the pair of front axle plate spring supporting cavities (611), and the right ends of the pair of front axle plate springs (68) are respectively fixed with the front axle plate spring right fixing seat (65); the rear axle frame (4) comprises a rear axle front cross beam (41), a rear axle rear cross beam (42), a rear axle left longitudinal beam (43), a rear axle right longitudinal beam (44) and a reverse traction frame (45), the rear axle front cross beam (41) is fixed between the rear axle left longitudinal beam (43) and the front end of the rear axle right longitudinal beam (44), the rear axle rear cross beam (42) is fixed between the rear axle left longitudinal beam (43) and the rear end of the rear axle right longitudinal beam (44), the front end of the reverse traction frame (45) is fixedly connected with the middle part of the rear side of the rear axle rear cross beam (42), and the rear end of the reverse traction frame (45) is fixedly connected with the front end of the reverse traction frame (3); the front axle frame (2) is fixedly connected with a rotary central shaft (661) at a position corresponding to the upper part of the rotary tray (67); a trailer frame bottom cross beam (51) is arranged at the bottom of the trailer frame (5) at intervals, a pair of traction rope guide pulley seats (511) which are mutually corresponding left and right are respectively fixed on the trailer frame bottom cross beam (51), a traction rope guide pulley (5111) is respectively rotatably arranged on the traction rope guide pulley seats (511), a pair of rear axle front cross beam traction rope abdicating holes (411) are respectively arranged on the rear axle front cross beam (41) and at the position corresponding to the traction rope guide pulley (5111), the front ends of the first traction rope I (10) and the second traction rope II (20) are sleeved on the front steering wheel (66) and are fixed with the front steering wheel (66), the middle parts of the first traction rope I (10) and the second traction rope II (20) respectively pass through the traction rope guide pulleys (5111) on the pair of traction rope guide pulley seats (511) and pass through the traction rope guide pulleys (511) on the two adjacent trailer frame bottom cross beams (51), and the traction rope guide pulley seats (511) of the pair of traction rope guide pulleys (5111) of the first traction rope I and the second traction rope are respectively 5111) The positions of the front cross beam and the rear cross beam are exchanged, and the rear end of the front cross beam is connected with the rear axle steering mechanism (7) after passing through the rear axle front cross beam traction rope abdicating hole (411).

4. The all-wheel steering apparatus for vehicle according to claim 3, wherein a front wheel axle stay hinge seat (12) is fixed to a rear end bottom of the front traction frame (1), the front wheel axle stay hinge seat (12) is formed with a front wheel axle stay fitting cavity (121), and a middle portion of the front wheel axle stay (63) is hinged to the front wheel axle stay hinge seat (12) through a front wheel axle stay hinge pin (631) at a position corresponding to the front wheel axle stay fitting cavity (121); a front steering wheel rope groove (662) is formed on the rim of the front steering wheel (66) and around the circumferential direction of the front steering wheel (66), a first traction rope guide hole I (6621) and a second traction rope guide hole II (6622) are formed at the position corresponding to the front side of the front steering wheel rope groove (662), front steering wheel spokes (663) distributed in a radiation state are formed between the front steering wheel (66) and the rotation central shaft (661) at intervals, the front end of the first traction rope I (10) is sleeved on the right side of the front steering wheel rope groove (662), the front end of the first traction rope I (10) is fixed with the front steering wheel spokes (663) through a first traction rope end fixing splint I (101) after passing through the first traction rope guide hole I (6621), the front end of the second traction rope II (20) is sleeved on the left side of the front steering wheel rope groove (662) and the front end of the second traction rope II (20) passes through the second traction rope guide hole II The hole II (6622) is fixed with a front steering wheel spoke (663) through a second traction rope end fixing clamp plate II (201) in the same way; a front wheel axle hinge seat (613) is fixed at the bottom of the plate spring case (61) and at a position corresponding to the front wheel axle (62), and the middle of the front wheel axle (62) is hinged to the front wheel axle hinge seat (613) by a front wheel axle hinge pin (621) at a position corresponding to the front wheel axle hinge seat (613); the pair of front axle plate springs (68) are respectively formed by rolling a plurality of steel plate spring pieces and form a plate spring coil (681) at one end part facing the front axle plate spring right fixing seat (65), the plate spring coil (681) is connected to a plate spring hanger (682) through a plate spring coil pin shaft (6811), and the plate spring hanger (682) is connected to the front axle plate spring right fixing seat (65) through a plate spring hanger pin shaft (6821); the front axle plate spring left fixing seat (64) is fixed with the left end of the front wheel shaft (62) through a front axle plate spring left fixing seat bolt (641).

5. An all-wheel steering apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 3, wherein a rear axle frame support base (46) is fixed to a longitudinally intermediate portion of each of the rear axle left side member (43) and the rear axle right side member (44) at positions corresponding to each other, the rear axle steering mechanism (7) includes a center steering wheel (71), a rear steering wheel (72), a rear axle shaft (73), a center knuckle arm driving device (74), a rear axle knuckle arm driving device (75), a center axle wheel group (76), a rear axle wheel group (77), a rear axle left balance device (78), and a rear axle right balance device (79), the center steering wheel (71) is rotatably provided at a longitudinally intermediate portion of the center steering wheel cross member (712) and below the center steering wheel cross member (712) through a center steering wheel shaft (711) at a position corresponding to a front of the rear steering wheel (72), the middle steering wheel beam (712) is fixed between the opposite sides of the rear axle left longitudinal beam (43) and the rear axle right longitudinal beam (44), a middle steering wheel rope groove (713) is formed on the middle steering wheel rim of the middle steering wheel (71) and around the circumferential direction of the middle steering wheel (71), a middle steering wheel traction rope first rope head hole (714) and a middle steering wheel traction rope second rope head hole (715) are formed on the rear side of the middle steering wheel (71), a group of middle steering wheel spokes (717) are formed between the middle steering wheel (71) and the middle steering wheel hub (716) at intervals in a radiation state, the middle steering wheel shaft (711) is formed on the upward side of the middle steering wheel hub (716), the rear end of the first traction rope I (10) is sleeved on the front side of the middle steering wheel rope groove (713), and the rear end of the first traction rope I (10) is clamped by the first traction rope head hole (714) after passing through the middle steering wheel traction rope (714) The plate I (102) is fixed with the middle steering wheel spoke (717), the rear end of the second traction rope II (20) is sleeved at the rear side of a middle steering wheel rope groove (713), the rear end part of the second traction rope II (20) is fixed with the middle steering wheel spoke (717) through a second traction rope end clamping fixing plate II (202) after passing through a second rope head hole (715) of the middle steering wheel traction rope, a rear steering wheel (72) is rotatably arranged at the middle part of the rear steering wheel beam (722) in the length direction through a rear steering wheel shaft (721) at the position corresponding to the rear part of the middle steering wheel (71) and is positioned below the rear steering wheel beam (722), the rear steering wheel beam (722) is fixed between the left rear axle longitudinal beam (43) and the right rear axle longitudinal beam (44), a group of rear steering wheel bars (724) are formed between the rear steering wheel (72) and a rear steering wheel hub (723) in a radiation state at intervals, the rear steering wheel shaft (721) is formed on the upward side of a rear steering wheel hub (723), the left end of a rear axle shaft (73) is rotatably supported on the rear axle frame support base (46) on the left side member (43) and protrudes out of the left side of the rear axle frame support base (46), the right end of the rear axle shaft (73) is rotatably supported on the rear axle frame support base (46) on the rear axle right side member (44) and protrudes out of the right side of the rear axle frame support base (46), a center axle knuckle arm drive device (74) is connected to the center axle wheel set (76) and is also connected to the rear steering wheel (72), a rear axle knuckle arm drive device (75) is connected to the rear axle wheel set (77) and is also connected to the center steering wheel (71), the center axle wheel set (76) is connected between the front end of a rear axle left balancing device (78) and the front end of a rear axle right balancing device (79), the rear axle wheel set (77) is connected between the rear end of a rear axle left balancing device (78) and the rear end of a rear axle right balancing device (79), the middle part of the rear axle left balancing device (78) is rotatably supported at the left end of the rear axle shaft (73) and is also hinged with the rear axle left longitudinal beam (43), the middle part of the rear axle right balancing device (79) is rotatably supported at the right end of the rear axle shaft (73) and is also hinged with the rear axle right longitudinal beam (44), wherein a pull rod mechanism (8) is connected between the middle steering wheel (71) and the reverse traction steering frame (3), and the pull rod mechanism (8) is also hinged with the rear steering wheel (72); a left pull rod abdicating hole (421) and a right pull rod abdicating hole (422) are formed in the rear axle rear cross beam (42); a reverse frame support plate (451) is fixed at the bottom of the rear end of the reverse frame (45), and the reverse frame support plate (451) is fixedly connected with the front end of the reverse bogie (3).

6. The all-wheel steering apparatus for vehicle according to claim 5, wherein a first traction rope guide frame I (7121) is fixed to the middle steering wheel cross member (712) at a position corresponding to the left side of the middle steering wheel (71), and a second traction rope guide frame II (7122) is fixed to a position corresponding to the right side of the middle steering wheel (71), the first traction rope I (10) is in contact with a side of the first traction rope guide frame I (7121) facing the second traction rope guide frame II (7122), and the second traction rope II (20) is in contact with a side of the second traction rope guide frame II (7122) facing the first traction rope guide frame I (7121); a rear steering wheel left limit guide I (7221) is fixed on the rear steering wheel cross beam (722) at a position corresponding to the left side of the rear steering wheel (72), a rear steering wheel right limit guide II (7222) is fixed at a position corresponding to the right side of the rear steering wheel (72), and the rear steering wheel (72) is arranged between the rear steering wheel left limit guide I (7221) and the rear steering wheel right limit guide II (7222).

7. The all-wheel steering apparatus for vehicle according to claim 5, wherein said center axle knuckle arm drive means (74) comprises a center axle sector plate holder (741), a center axle sector plate (742), a center axle left knuckle arm steering link (743), a center axle right knuckle arm steering link (744), and a left push rod (745), the center axle sector plate holder (741) is fixed to said center axle wheel group (76), and a center axle sector plate pivot (7411) is formed on the center axle sector plate holder (741), and a center axle sector plate pivot hole (7421) is formed on the center axle sector plate (742) at a central position of a rear end of the center axle sector plate (742), the center axle sector plate pivot hole (7421) being rotatably fitted over said center axle sector plate pivot (7411) and defined by a center axle sector plate defining nut (74111) rotatably fitted over the center axle sector plate pivot (7411), the left end of the middle shaft left-knuckle arm steering connecting rod (743) is connected with the left end of the middle shaft wheel group (76), the right end of a middle shaft left-knuckle arm steering connecting rod (743) is hinged with a first hinging hole I (7422) of a middle shaft fan-shaped plate arranged on the left side of the front end of a middle shaft fan-shaped plate (742), the right end of a middle shaft right-knuckle arm steering connecting rod (744) is connected with the right end of a middle shaft wheel group (76), the left end of a middle shaft right knuckle arm steering connecting rod (744) is hinged with a middle shaft sector plate second hinge hole II (7423) formed in the right side of the front end of a middle shaft sector plate (742), the front end of a left push rod (745) is hinged with a middle shaft sector plate left push rod hinge hole (7424) formed in the left side of the rear end of the middle shaft sector plate (742) through a left push rod front connector (7451), and the rear end of the left push rod (745) is hinged with the rear steering wheel spoke (724) in the left side of the rear steering wheel (72) through a left push rod rear connector (7452); the rear axle knuckle arm driving device (75) comprises a rear axle sector plate fixing seat (751), a rear axle sector plate (752), a rear axle left knuckle arm steering connecting rod (753), a rear axle right knuckle arm steering connecting rod (754) and a right push rod (755), wherein the rear axle sector plate fixing seat (751) is fixed on the rear axle wheel set (77), a rear axle sector plate pivot (7511) is formed on the rear axle sector plate fixing seat (751), a rear axle sector plate rotating shaft hole is formed on the rear axle sector plate (752), the rear axle sector plate rotating shaft hole is rotationally sleeved on the rear axle sector plate pivot (7511) and limited by a rear axle sector plate limiting nut (75111) rotationally arranged on the rear axle sector plate pivot (7511), the left end of the rear axle left knuckle arm steering connecting rod (753) is connected with the left end of the rear axle wheel set (77), and the right end of the rear axle left knuckle arm steering connecting rod (753) and a first rear axle sector plate I hole formed on the left side of the rear axle sector plate (752) The right end of a rear shaft right knuckle arm steering connecting rod (754) is connected with the right end of a rear shaft wheel group (77), the left end of the rear shaft right knuckle arm steering connecting rod (754) is hinged with a rear shaft sector plate second hinge hole II which is formed in the right side of the front end of a rear shaft sector plate (752), the front end of a right push rod (755) is hinged with a middle steering wheel spoke (717) on the right side of the middle steering wheel (71) through a right push rod front connecting head (7551), and the rear end of the right push rod (755) is hinged with the middle part of the right side of the rear shaft sector plate (752) through a right push rod rear connecting head (7552); the structure of the rear axle right balancing device (79) is the same as that of the rear axle left balancing device (78); a lower connecting rod hinge plate (461) extends from the lower part of the rear axle frame support seat (46); the rear axle shaft (73) is rotatably supported on the rear axle frame support base (46) through a rear axle shaft bearing (731).

8. The all-wheel steering apparatus for vehicle according to claim 7, wherein said center axle wheel set (76) comprises a center axle (761), a center axle left knuckle arm (762), a center axle right knuckle arm (763), a center axle left wheel (764), and a center axle right wheel (765), the left end of the center axle (761) is connected with the front end of said rear axle left balancing device (78) and forms a center axle left bushing (7611) after extending to the left side of the front end of the rear axle left balancing device (78), the right end of the center axle (761) is connected with the front end of said rear axle right balancing device (79) and forms a center axle right bushing (7612) after extending to the right side of the front end of the rear axle right balancing device (79), said center axle sector plate fixing seat (741) is fixed at the middle of the center axle (761), the center axle left knuckle arm (762) is pivotally connected with said center axle left bushing (7611) by a center axle left knuckle arm pin (7621), a middle shaft left knuckle arm connecting plate (7622) extends from the front side of the middle shaft left knuckle arm (762), the left end of the middle shaft left knuckle arm steering connecting rod (743) is hinged with the middle shaft left knuckle arm connecting plate (7622) through a middle shaft left knuckle arm steering connecting rod left connecting head (7431), a middle shaft left knuckle arm spindle head (7623) is formed on the left side of the middle shaft left knuckle arm (762), a middle shaft right knuckle arm (763) is pivotally connected with the middle shaft right spindle sleeve (7612) through a middle shaft right knuckle arm pin shaft (7631), a middle shaft right knuckle arm connecting plate (7632) extends from the front side of the middle shaft right knuckle arm (763), the right end of the middle shaft right knuckle arm steering connecting rod (744) is hinged with the middle shaft right knuckle arm connecting plate (7632) through a middle shaft right knuckle arm steering connecting rod right connecting head (7441), and a middle shaft right knuckle arm connecting plate (7633) is formed on the right side of the middle shaft right knuckle arm (763), the middle shaft left wheel (764) is connected to the middle shaft left knuckle arm shaft head (7623) through a middle shaft left wheel hub (7641), and the middle shaft right wheel (765) is connected to the middle shaft right knuckle arm shaft head (7633) through a middle shaft right wheel hub (7651); the rear axle wheel set (77) comprises a rear axle (771), a rear axle left knuckle arm (772), a rear axle right knuckle arm (773), a rear axle left wheel (774) and a rear axle right wheel (775), the left end of the rear axle (771) is connected with the rear end of the rear axle left balancing device (78) and forms a rear axle left shaft sleeve (7711) after extending to the left side of the rear end of the rear axle left balancing device (78), the right end of the rear axle (771) is connected with the rear end of the rear axle right balancing device (79) and forms a rear axle right shaft sleeve (7712) after extending to the right side of the rear end of the rear axle right balancing device (79), the rear axle fan-shaped plate fixing seat (751) is fixed in the middle of the rear axle (771), the rear axle knuckle arm (772) is pivotally connected with the rear axle left shaft sleeve (7711) through a rear axle left knuckle arm pin shaft (7721), and a rear axle left knuckle arm (7722) extends from the front of the rear axle knuckle arm (772), the left end of the rear axle left knuckle arm steering connecting rod (753) is hinged with a rear axle left knuckle arm connecting plate (7722) through a rear axle left knuckle arm steering connecting rod left connecting head (7531), a rear axle left knuckle arm spindle nose (7723) is formed on the left side of a rear axle left knuckle arm (772), a rear axle right knuckle arm connecting plate (7732) extends from the front side of the rear axle right knuckle arm (773) through a rear axle right knuckle arm pin shaft (7731) and is in pivot connection with a rear axle right shaft sleeve (7712), the right end of the rear axle right knuckle arm steering connecting rod (754) is hinged with the rear axle right knuckle arm connecting plate (7732) through a rear axle right knuckle arm steering connecting rod right spindle nose (7541), a rear axle right knuckle arm connecting plate (7732) is formed on the left side of the rear axle right knuckle arm (773), a rear axle right knuckle arm is connected to a rear axle left wheel hub (774) on the rear axle left knuckle arm (7723), the rear shaft right wheel (775) is connected to the shaft head of the rear shaft right steering knuckle arm through a rear shaft right wheel hub (7751); a front lower connecting rod hinge hole I (4611) and a rear lower connecting rod hinge hole II (4612) are formed in the lower connecting rod hinge plate (461); a rear axle shaft threaded head (732) extends from each of the left and right ends of the rear axle shaft (73).

9. The all-wheel steering apparatus for vehicle according to claim 8, wherein said rear axle left balance means (78) comprises a front link arm (781), a rear link arm (782), a front upper link (783), a rear upper link (784), a front lower link (785), a rear lower link (786), a rear axle left leaf spring (787), and a rear axle left leaf spring support base (788), said rear axle left leaf spring support base (788) having a rear axle mating hole (7881), said rear axle mating hole (7881) being rotatably supported at the left end of said rear axle (73) by a rear axle mating hole bearing and being defined by a rear axle left leaf spring support base defining nut (7321) rotatably fitted on said rear axle threaded stub (732), a front link arm middle shaft hole (7811) passing through from the right side to the left side of the front link arm (781) being opened at a lower portion in the height direction of the front link arm (781), the middle part of the front link arm (781) in the height direction is provided with a rear axle left plate spring front supporting cavity (7812), the left end of a middle axle (761) of the middle axle wheel set (76) is rotatably connected with the front link arm (781) through a middle axle left bearing (7613) at a position corresponding to a middle axle hole (7811) of the front link arm, the left end of the middle axle (761) penetrates through the middle axle left bearing (7613) to extend to the left side of the front link arm (781), a middle axle left shaft sleeve (7611) corresponds to the left side of the front link arm (781), the rear link arm (782) corresponds to the front link arm (781), the lower part of the rear link arm (782) in the height direction is provided with a rear link arm rear axle hole (7821) penetrating from the right side to the left side of the rear link arm (782), the middle part of the rear link arm (782) in the height direction is provided with a rear axle left plate spring rear supporting cavity (7822), the left end of a rear axle (771) of the rear axle wheel set (77) passes through a A shaft left bearing (7713) is rotatably connected with a rear link arm (782), the left end of the rear shaft (771) extends to the left side of the rear link arm (782) through a rear shaft left bearing (7713), a rear shaft left bushing (7711) corresponds to the left side of the rear link arm (782), one end of a front upper connecting rod (783) is hinged with a front upper connecting rod upper pin shaft seat I (78311) through a front upper connecting rod first pin shaft I (7831), the front upper connecting rod upper pin shaft seat I (78311) is fixed with the left side of the rear axle left longitudinal beam (43), the other end of the front upper connecting rod (783) is hinged with the upper end of the front link arm (781) through a front upper connecting rod second pin shaft II (7832), one end of a rear upper connecting rod (784) is hinged with a rear upper connecting rod upper pin shaft II (78411) through a rear upper connecting rod first pin shaft I (7841), and the rear upper connecting rod upper pin II (78411) is also fixed with the left side of the rear axle left longitudinal beam (43), the other end of the rear upper connecting rod (784) is hinged with the upper end of a rear connecting rod (782) through a rear upper connecting rod second pin shaft II (7842), one end of a front lower connecting rod (785) is hinged with the bottom of the front connecting rod (781) through a front lower connecting rod first pin shaft I (7851), the other end of the front lower connecting rod (785) is hinged with the lower connecting rod hinged plate (461) through a front lower connecting rod second pin shaft II (7852) at a position corresponding to the front lower connecting rod hinged hole I (4611), one end of a rear lower connecting rod (786) is hinged with the bottom of the rear connecting rod hinged plate (782) through a rear lower connecting rod first pin shaft I (7861), the other end of the rear lower connecting rod (786) is hinged with the lower connecting rod hinged plate (461) through a rear lower connecting rod second pin shaft II (7862), the left plate spring (787) of the rear axle is formed by stacking a plurality of steel plates from bottom to top, and is fastened and fixed together by bolts (7871) distributed at intervals, the front end of the rear axle left plate spring (787) is inserted into a rear axle left plate spring front supporting cavity (7812), the rear end of the rear axle left plate spring rear supporting cavity (7822) is inserted into the rear axle left plate spring rear supporting cavity, the middle of the rear axle left plate spring (787) is supported on a rear axle left plate spring supporting seat (788), and the length of the steel plate spring piece is gradually shortened from bottom to top.

10. The all-wheel steering apparatus for vehicle according to claim 5, wherein said tie-rod mechanism (8) comprises a left tie-rod (81), a right tie-rod (82) and a tie-rod hinge plate, the left tie-rod (81) corresponds to the left side of the right tie-rod (82) and the left tie-rod (81) and the right tie-rod (82) are parallel to each other, the front end of the left tie-rod (81) is hinged to the front lower portion of said center bogie (71) by a left tie-rod front pin (811), the middle portion is hinged to the front lower portion of said rear bogie (72) by a left tie-rod middle pin (812), the rear end of the left tie-rod (81) is hinged to the left end of the tie-rod hinge plate (83) through said left tie-rod relief hole (421), the front end of the right tie-rod (82) is hinged to the rear lower portion of the center bogie (71) by a right tie-rod front pin (821), the middle portion is hinged to the rear lower portion of the center of the rear bogie (72) by a right tie-rod middle pin (822), the rear end of a right pull rod (82) penetrates through the right pull rod abdicating hole (422) to be hinged with the right end of a pull rod hinged plate (83), the middle part of the pull rod hinged plate (83) is fixed with the upper part of the front end of the reverse traction bogie (3), a bogie shaft (32) is arranged in the middle position of the front end of the reverse traction bogie (3), the lower end of the bogie shaft (32) is connected with the reverse traction bogie support plate (451), and the middle part of the pull rod hinged plate (83) is also connected with the upper end of the bogie shaft (32); wherein, a left pull rod disconnecting and adjusting bolt (813) is arranged on the left pull rod (81), and a right pull rod disconnecting and adjusting bolt (823) is arranged on the right pull rod (82).

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