CN210178271U - Hydraulic reducing reamer bit of long spiral drilling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a long auger drilling's fluid pressure type reducing reamer bit, including long auger drilling, long auger drilling is last to install the detachable on the unit head and to make auger stem rotatory, goes up the inside hydraulic system that is equipped with of unit head, and the fixed drill bit system that is equipped with of auger stem lower extreme, drill bit system are equipped with first cavity and second cavity, installs the first drill bit of outside movable area piston in the first cavity, installs the outside scalable second drill bit of taking the piston that removes in the second cavity, and auger stem is inside to be equipped with fills passageway, first pore and second pore, it is equipped with rotatable lower unit head to go up the unit head lower part, and lower unit head lower extreme is equipped with can dismantle rotatory sleeve pipe, and the sleeve pipe wraps up in the drill bit system outside and can make it reciprocate in the sleeve pipe. The method can realize the simultaneous drawing and expanding of the sleeve, can pour concrete, has high construction efficiency and good economic benefit, and can effectively improve the bearing capacity of the pile end and the side resistance of the pile body.

Description

Hydraulic reducing reamer bit of long spiral drilling machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a long auger drilling's fluid pressure type reducing reamer bit belongs to building engineering technical field.

Background

The existing building gradually develops to a high level, the load borne by the building is increasingly large, so that cast-in-place pile forming equipment and a construction method thereof are rapidly developed and are widely applied to basic engineering, the existing pile forming pile body adopts a uniform section or a screw thread type, according to practice, the side resistance of the screw thread type pile body is about 2 times higher than that of the uniform section pile under the same condition, and compared with the prior art, the screw thread type pile body has higher economic value and practical value. In soft soil areas, due to the characteristics of large load of high-rise or super high-rise buildings, high pile quality requirement, high water content of soil, large pore ratio, large settlement and the like, the quality problems of pile breaking and necking are caused in the construction of the cast-in-place pile, so that the problems of waste and environmental pollution caused by slurry retaining walls in the construction process of the cast-in-place pile can be solved by adopting mechanical equipment and a construction method of the full sleeve cast-in-place pile, the quality problem of a pile body is solved to a certain extent, the bearing capacity of the cast-in-place pile is improved, and the construction time is shortened.

A screw pile pouring process (patent No. 9611960265) and a half screw pile and a pile forming method (patent No. 03128265.2) both adopt a hole pre-forming method of a screw drill, a drill rod is synchronously and rotatably drilled, then the drill rod is synchronously and reversely rotated and lifted, meanwhile, concrete is pumped to form a thread section of the screw pile or the half screw pile, the pile forming method is soil extrusion pile forming, the quality problem of a pile body is easily caused by diameter reduction and hole collapse, the existing mechanical equipment cannot provide enough power conditions to meet the pile forming requirement of a large-diameter screw thread, and therefore the pile forming is the screw pile or the half screw pile and is mostly a small-diameter or medium-diameter pile. Due to the limitation of the pile diameter, the bearing capacity of a single pile is low, sufficient bearing capacity cannot be provided, and the application range is small.

A separate driving type casing spiral drilling machine and a construction method thereof (patent number is 200610138353.3) are provided, the drilling machine adopts an inner-outer double-power-head driving structure, an outer-side power head can be lifted upwards to the ground together with an outer casing, a rotary casing can be driven at any position of the casing, and the stability is high. Because the spiral drill rod and the drill bit are rotated in the sleeve to drill and take earth to form a pile, and the steel sleeve is cylindrical, compared with the common cast-in-place pile with the equal cross section, the cast-in-place pile formed by the method has lower resistance on the peripheral side of the cylindrical cast-in-place pile with the equal cross section, the bearing capacity of a single pile is not improved, and the cast-in-place pile is suitable for being applied to drilling in soil layers in soft soil areas and is difficult to form when hard soil layers and rock layers. In the casing pipe lifting process, because the outer wall of the casing pipe and the surrounding soil body do not form an occluded state and the power of the equipment is limited, the casing pipe is difficult to pull out by adopting a non-rotating static pipe pulling process, the casing pipe is difficult to be suitable for pipe pulling and pile forming in a relatively viscous or hard soil layer, the requirements of a large-diameter pile forming process cannot be met, the economic benefit is poor, and the application range is limited.

A walking-type dual-rotary down-the-hole drill (patent number 201210351079.3) for drilling hole by taking earth by dry method features that a down-the-hole hammer is used to punch hole, a lower power head is connected with a sleeve tube and rotates, and the high-pressure gas at the bottom of hammer is used to discharge the waste earth and dregs out of the sleeve tube via spiral drill rod. Because the cylindrical steel sleeve is still adopted for forming the pile, the upward torque lifting sleeve cannot be generated in the non-rotating static tube drawing process, so that a vibration hammer and a crane are usually adopted for vibrating tube drawing, the construction process is complicated, the efficiency is low, and compared with the common constant-section cast-in-place pile, the peripheral side resistance of the cylindrical constant-section cast-in-place pile is lower, the pile bottom area is only equal to the bottom of a down-the-hole hammer, namely the bottom area of the sleeve, and the bottom cannot be reamed again, so that the vertical bearing capacity of the pile is further improved.

A construction method for a full-casing vibration squeezing-expanding cast-in-place pile (patent No. 201410814937.2) is characterized in that a casing is pressed into the soil by a vibration hammer, a special reamer is placed in the casing for vibration expanding, and when hard soil layers such as a rock layer and a pebble layer are met, the casing is difficult to press into the soil layers only by the vibration force of the vibration hammer. Mechanical or manual soil taking is adopted, and the pipe sinking and soil cleaning are carried out in two steps, so that the construction is complicated, the effect is low, and the consumed time is too long. The pile bottom holding force stratum is a hard soil layer or a rock layer, and a pile bottom enlarged head is difficult to form by adopting vibration reaming, so that the vertical bearing capacity of the pile can not be effectively improved.

Patent No. 201710486248.7 discloses an improved structure of a full casing screw drill and a construction method of a full casing screw bored pile, wherein a screw member with a certain thickness and height is provided on the outer wall of the casing, a screw type pile hole is formed when the casing is rotated to drill or lift by using a dual power head, thereby engaging the soil around the pile hole and forming a screw space (pile diameter 800mm-3000 mm) with a certain thickness and depth. In addition, pour into the concrete to predetermined height in the sleeve after the pore-forming, put into the sleeve with auger stem once more to rotatory lifting sleeve, because the sleeve outer wall receives the soil body resistance on every side, the inner wall receives concrete pressure, further increases the sleeve and extracts the degree of difficulty, and the construction is loaded down with trivial details, the efficiency is low.

The existing full-sleeve rotary pile forming equipment and method overcome multiple technical problems in the construction process of a cast-in-place pile, have higher economic benefit, in order to improve the bearing capacity of a single pile, the pile body of the currently formed large-diameter cast-in-place pile is linearly developed into a helical cast-in-place pile from a uniform section, but most of the existing full-sleeve rotary pile forming equipment adopts a sleeve pile forming construction method, because the helical teeth are meshed with the surrounding soil body, the rotary pipe drawing is difficult, the requirement on the power of the equipment is high, secondary hole expanding can not be effectively carried out in a hard soil layer or a rock stratum at the bottom of the pile, so that the resistance of the end of the cast-in-place pile can be improved by increasing. In view of this, in order to meet the requirement of high-rise or super high-rise buildings on the bearing capacity of the pile foundation, a cast-in-place pile which has higher bearing capacity, considerable economic benefit, environmental protection and energy saving is urgently needed to be sought.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a fluid pressure type reducing reamer bit of long auger drilling machine to solve the above-mentioned problem that exists among the prior art.

In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme as follows:

the utility model provides a long auger drilling's fluid pressure type reducing reamer bit, includes long auger drilling, long auger drilling is last to install the detachable and to go up the unit head and can make auger stem rotatory, goes up the inside hydraulic system that is equipped with of unit head, and the fixed drill bit system that is equipped with of auger stem lower extreme, drill bit system are equipped with first cavity and second cavity, installs the first drill bit of outside movable area piston in the first cavity, installs the second drill bit of outside scalable removal area piston in the second cavity, and auger stem is inside to be equipped with fills passageway, first pore and second pore, it is equipped with rotatable lower unit head to go up the unit head lower part, and lower unit head lower extreme is equipped with can dismantle rotatory sleeve pipe, and the sleeve pipe parcel can make it reciprocate in the intraductal cover of drill bit.

Furthermore, a hydraulic system is arranged in the upper power head.

Further, a drill bit system is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the spiral drill rod, and the contact part of the lower end of the spiral drill rod and the drill bit system is fixedly connected in a protruding diameter-changing mode.

Further, the drill bit system is provided with a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are arranged in a horizontal symmetrical mode with the auger stem as the center, the second cavity can be further designed into a V shape or an inverted V shape, a first horizontal channel, a first oil cylinder inner cavity and a first oil cylinder outer cavity are arranged in the first cavity, a second horizontal channel, a second oil cylinder inner cavity and a second oil cylinder outer cavity are arranged in the second cavity, and the first horizontal channel and the second horizontal channel are of a round hole type and surround the edge of the auger stem.

Furthermore, a first drill bit which is outwards movable and provided with a piston is installed in a first oil cylinder outer cavity in the first cavity, a second drill bit which is outwards telescopic and movable and provided with a piston is installed in a second oil cylinder outer cavity in the second cavity, a telescopic high-strength spring is arranged in the second oil cylinder outer cavity and sleeved on the surface of the second drill bit, the piston is tightly connected with the surfaces of the inner walls of the first oil cylinder outer cavity and the second oil cylinder outer cavity, and rubber O-shaped rings are arranged in the first oil cylinder outer cavity and the second oil cylinder outer cavity.

Furthermore, the front ends of the first drill bit and the second drill bit are both conical, the middle and the rear ends are cylindrical with equal sections, the rear end is fixed at the center of the piston, the length of the first drill bit is slightly shorter than that of the second drill bit, and the length of the second drill bit extending out of the outer cavity of the second oil cylinder is not less than 10 cm.

Further, the lower end of the lower power head is provided with a detachable and rotatable sleeve, the lower end of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves matched with the first drill bit, and the clamping grooves are symmetrically arranged.

Furthermore, a filling passageway, a first pore passage and a second pore passage are arranged inside the auger stem, the filling passageway is arranged in the center of the auger stem, the first pore passage and the second pore passage are communicated and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the filling passageway, a detachable oil pressure pipeline is arranged in the first pore passage, and the second pore passage is communicated with the first cavity and the second cavity.

A hydraulic reducing hole expanding drill bit of a long spiral drilling machine and a construction method of a cast-in-place pile are characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) the long spiral drilling machine is put in place at a preset pile foundation position, is debugged, aligns a sleeve on a lower power head with a spiral drill rod of an upper power head, centers a drill bit, starts the upper power head to drive the spiral drill rod to rotate along the direction of a spiral blade of the spiral drill rod, utilizes drill teeth on a drill bit system to drill, simultaneously starts the lower power head to drive the sleeve and the spiral drill rod to rotate in the same direction and follow up, and discharges soil and rock slag which are led out upwards by the spiral drill rod system out of the sleeve;

2) after the spiral drill rod drills to a preset bearing stratum depth and soil and rock slag in the sleeve are cleaned, the lower power head and the upper power head are closed, and the sleeve and the spiral drill rod are stopped rotating;

3) starting a hydraulic system, wherein oil pressure acts on a piston through an oil pressure pipeline and enables the piston to move, a first cavity of the drill bit system extends out of a first drill bit and is clamped into a clamping groove formed in a sleeve, and a second cavity extends out of a second drill bit and drills into a surrounding soil layer;

4) starting an upper power head to drive the auger stem to expand the pile end of a second drill bit on the drill bit system to form an expanded pile end, simultaneously starting a lower power head to drive a sleeve to keep following with a first drill bit on the auger stem, and then starting a concrete pump to pour super-flow concrete;

5) closing the hydraulic system, retracting a second cavity on the drill bit system to a second drill bit, fixing the sleeve by the first drill bit in an extending state, starting an upper power head and a lower power head to drive the auger stem and the sleeve, and lifting the drill bit system;

6) and lifting the drill bit system to a preset pile body position, loading oil pressure, extending a second drill bit out of a second cavity on the drill bit system, starting the upper power head to drive the auger stem to enable the second drill bit to expand the diameter of the pile body at multiple stages at intervals, simultaneously pouring super-flow concrete, rapidly filling the concrete into an expansion space formed by rotation of the second drill bit under the self gravity, and finally forming the multi-stage annular convex concrete pile.

7) And after the super-fluid concrete is poured, inserting a reinforcement cage, and forming the pile.

Further, if the pile is formed by the stratum such as sandy soil, silty soil, pebble bed and the like, which causes that the long auger drilling machine is difficult to remove the sediment at the bottom of the hole, when the auger stem drills into the preset depth of the bearing stratum, the lower power head can be separated from the sleeve, the upper power head can be connected with the auger stem, the auger stem is lifted out, the sediment in the sleeve is cleaned up again by means of auxiliary soil taking equipment, then the lower power head is respectively connected with the sleeve and the upper power head are connected with the auger stem, the hydraulic system is started, a second cavity on the drill bit system extends out a second drill bit to expand the diameter of the pile end and the pile body, the superfluidized concrete is poured simultaneously, the pile body forms a multistage annular convex concrete pile, after the second drill bit expands the hole, the hydraulic system is closed, then the concrete pump is closed, the superfluidized concrete is stopped to be poured, the sleeve is completely lifted out of the ground and the concrete, and (4) removing the sleeve.

The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model provides a hydraulic type reducing reamer bit of long auger drilling machine, the drill bit system adopts first cavity and second cavity to be symmetrical arrangement around auger stem, provide oil pressure for first cavity and second cavity through the hydraulic system on the upper power head, make the first drill bit in the first cavity stretch out the fixed sleeve pipe, the second drill bit in the second cavity stretches out and drills into the surrounding soil layer, drive auger stem through the upper power head and make the second drill bit rotate, the first drill bit drives the sleeve pipe through the draw-in groove, also start down the power head and drive the sleeve pipe rotation and follow-up simultaneously, carry out the rotatory hole enlargement, the pile body forms multistage interval annular bulge, utilize the concrete pump to fill the superfluid concrete through auger stem pouring passageway, when the rotatory lifting sleeve pipe, form the annular bulge space with certain thickness and degree of depth and in time fill by the concrete, the pile body forms the bulge and interlock the soil body around the pile hole, the lateral resistance of the pile body is increased, the angle of the second drill bit in the second cavity extending out of the surrounding soil layer can be adjusted, the pile body forms a barb type or barb type annular bulge, the pulling resistance or the pressure resistance of the pile body is further improved, and meanwhile, the wall protection in the whole process of the sleeve is adopted, so that the phenomena of hole collapse and necking in the pile forming process can be effectively avoided. According to different soil layers in construction, different multistage spaced annular protruding forms can be formed in the construction cast-in-place pile under various geological environments according to the thickness of the second drill bit and the drilling speed, so that the design requirements of the large-diameter cast-in-place pile can be met, and secondary hole expansion can be performed at the pile end according to requirements to form the pile end expanded head form of the large-diameter cast-in-place pile. Because the sleeve is cylindrical with the equal cross section, the resistance between the outer wall of the sleeve and the surrounding soil body can be reduced when the sleeve is lifted, the diameter expansion can be realized while the pipe is pulled out, meanwhile, concrete is poured, the construction efficiency is high, the economic benefit is good, the bearing capacity of the pile end and the side resistance of the pile body can be effectively and greatly improved, and the pile forming process of the sleeve-free pouring pile can be adopted according to the stratum condition, so that the construction efficiency is further improved.

Drawings

In order to better understand the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the following drawings only show some examples of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the long spiral drilling machine of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural section view of the drill bit system of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the auger stem a-a of the drill bit system of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first cavity B-B of the drill system of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic C-C section view of the reducing drill rod of the drill bit system of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second cavity D-D of the drill system of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the casing of the long spiral drilling machine of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is the first cavity fixed connection schematic diagram of the long auger drill sleeve and the drill bit system of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the utility model discloses horizontal protruding reducing reaming concrete pile sketch map.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the forward stabbing type reducing reaming concrete pile of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is the schematic view of the barb type reducing reaming concrete pile of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the combined construction method of the long auger drilling machine and the superfluid concrete pump auxiliary equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is the utility model discloses the construction flow chart of long auger drilling reducing reaming construction bored concrete pile.

In the figure, the meaning of each symbol is as follows:

1-a long spiral drilling machine, 2-a spiral drill rod, 21-a spiral blade, 22-a filling passageway, 23-a first hole channel, 24-a second hole channel, 25-a reducing drill rod, 3-a drill bit system, 31-a first cavity, 31 a-a first horizontal channel, 31 b-a first cylinder inner cavity, 31 c-a first cylinder outer cavity, 32-a second cavity, 32 a-a second horizontal channel, 32 b-a second cylinder inner cavity, 32 c-a second cylinder outer cavity, 33-a drill tooth, 34-a communication hole, 4-a sleeve, 41-a clamping groove, 5-an upper power head, 6-a hydraulic system, 7-a lower power head, 8-an oil pressure pipeline, 81-an oil pipe sealing ring, 9-a first drill bit, 10-a second drill bit and 11-a high-strength spring, 12-piston, 13-rubber O-shaped ring, 14-concrete pile, 14 a-annular bulge and 15-expanded end of pile bottom.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some examples of the present invention, not all examples. The drawings described in the embodiments of the invention and the components shown may be arranged and designed in various different ways. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "first", "second", "inner", "outer", "center", "edge", and the like indicate the position or positional relationship based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the position or positional relationship which is usually placed when the present invention is used, and are only for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or component to be referred to must have a specific position or position, be constructed and operated in a specific position or position, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be further noted that the terms "mounting," "connecting," "providing," and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and for example, the terms "mounting," "connecting," "providing," and the like may be fixed, detachable, or integrally connected; the connection can be mechanical connection or electric welding connection; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or may be internal to the two components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydraulic variable diameter reamer bit for a long auger drill, including a long auger drill 1, the long auger drilling machine 1 is provided with a detachable upper power head 5 which can enable the auger stem 2 to rotate, a hydraulic system 6 is arranged inside the upper power head 5, a drill bit system 3 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the auger stem 2, the drill bit system 3 is provided with a first cavity 31 and a second cavity 32, a first drill bit 9 which is outwards movable and provided with a piston 12 is arranged in the first cavity 31, a second drill bit 10 which is outwards telescopic and movable and provided with a piston 12 is arranged in the second cavity 32, a filling passageway 22, a first pore canal 23 and a second pore canal 24 are arranged inside the auger stem 2, the lower part of the upper power head 5 is provided with a rotatable lower power head 7, the lower end of the lower power head 7 is provided with a sleeve 4 which can be disassembled and rotated, and the sleeve 4 wraps the outer side of the drill bit system 3 and can move up and down in the sleeve 4.

The utility model discloses an in a concrete embodiment, go up the inside hydraulic system 6 that is equipped with of unit head 5, hydraulic system 6 divides out two oil pressure pipelines 8, and 8 accessible sealing tube spare segmentation of oil pressure pipeline are connected.

The utility model discloses a concrete embodiment, the fixed drill bit system 3 that is equipped with of 2 lower extremes of auger stem, wherein the mode fixed connection of protruding reducing is adopted with 3 contact site of drill bit system to 2 lower extremes of auger stem, and protruding reducing has further improved the rigidity and the overall stability of drill bit system 3.

In a specific embodiment of the utility model, drill bit system 3 is equipped with first cavity 31 and second cavity 32, all adopts "one" style of calligraphy horizontal symmetrical arrangement with auger stem 2 as the center, be equipped with first horizontal passageway 31a, first cylinder inner chamber 31b and first cylinder exocoel 31c in the first cavity 31, be equipped with second horizontal passageway 32a, second cylinder inner chamber 32b and second cylinder exocoel 32c in the second cavity 32, first horizontal passageway 31a with second horizontal passageway 32a is the round pass and encircles auger stem 2 edge. The first cylinder inner cavity 31b and the first cylinder outer cavity 31c, and the second cylinder inner cavity 32b and the second cylinder outer cavity 32c form through cavities through the communication holes 34, and the first cavity 31 and the second cavity 32 are connected through the enlarged reducing drill rod 25.

In a specific embodiment of the utility model, install the first drill bit 9 of piston 12 is taken in the outside movable in the first hydro-cylinder exocoel 31c in the first cavity 31, install the second drill bit 10 of piston 12 is taken in the outside scalable removal in the second hydro-cylinder exocoel 32c in the second cavity 32 to be equipped with telescopic high-strength spring 11 in the second hydro-cylinder exocoel 32c and establish the second drill bit 10 surface, wherein, piston 12 and first hydro-cylinder exocoel 31c and second hydro-cylinder exocoel 32c inner wall surface zonulae occludens, all be equipped with rubber O type circle 13 in first hydro-cylinder exocoel 31c and the second hydro-cylinder exocoel 32c, the soil or the rock sediment on drill bit surface can be clear away to rubber O type circle 13. The piston 12 together with the first drill bit 9 and the second drill bit 10 are ensured to be capable of freely moving in the first cylinder outer cavity 31c and the second cylinder outer cavity 32c without oil leakage.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the front ends of the first drill 9 and the second drill 10 are both conical, the middle and the rear ends are cylindrical with equal cross section, and the rear end is fixed at the center of the piston 12, wherein the length of the first drill 9 is slightly shorter than that of the second drill 10, the length of the second drill 10 extending out of the second cylinder outer cavity 32c is no less than 10cm, the end of the drill is made into a conical shape to facilitate the extrusion and insert the surrounding soil, the radial width and height of the annular protrusion 14a can be changed according to the extending length and the drilling speed of the second drill 10, so as to increase the rigidity and the overall stability of the annular protrusion 14a space for filling concrete.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the lower end of the lower power head 7 is provided with a sleeve 4 capable of being disassembled and rotated, the lower end of the sleeve 4 is provided with a plurality of slots 41 matched with the first drill bit 9, and the slots 41 are symmetrically arranged.

The utility model discloses a concrete embodiment, auger stem 2 is inside to be equipped with fills passageway 22, first pore 23 and second pore 24, it establishes at auger stem 2 central point and puts to fill passageway 22, first pore 23 and second pore 24 link up and are the symmetric form and arrange filling passageway 22 both sides, wherein, are equipped with detachable oil pressure pipeline 8 in the first pore 23, second pore 24 with first cavity 31 and second cavity 32 intercommunication and intercommunication kneck are equipped with oil pipe sealing washer 81.

A hydraulic reducing reamer bit of a long spiral drilling machine and a construction method of a cast-in-place pile are shown in figures 12 and 13 and comprise the following steps:

1) the long spiral drilling machine 1 is put in place at a preset pile foundation position, is debugged, aligns a sleeve 4 on a lower power head 7 with a spiral drill rod 2 of an upper power head 5 at the pile position, centers a drill bit, starts the upper power head 5 to drive the spiral drill rod 2 to rotate along the direction of a spiral blade 21 of the spiral drill rod, drills by using a drill tooth 33 on a drill bit system 3, simultaneously starts the lower power head 7 to drive the sleeve 4 to rotate and follow along the same direction as the spiral drill rod 2, and discharges soil and rock slag led out upwards by the drill bit system 3 out of the sleeve 4 by the spiral blade 21 on the spiral drill rod 2;

2) after the auger stem 2 drills to a preset bearing stratum depth and soil and rock residues in the casing 4 are cleaned, the lower power head 7 and the upper power head 5 are closed, and the casing 4 and the auger stem 2 are stopped rotating;

3) starting the hydraulic system 6, acting oil pressure on the piston 12 through the oil pressure pipeline 8 and moving the piston, wherein the first cavity 31 of the drill bit system 3 extends out of the first drill bit 9 and is clamped into the clamping groove 41 arranged on the sleeve 4, and meanwhile, the second cavity 32 extends out of the second drill bit 10 and drills into the surrounding soil layer;

4) starting an upper power head 5 to drive the auger stem 2 to expand the pile end of a second drill 10 on the drill system 3 to form an expanded pile end 15, simultaneously starting a lower power head 7 to drive the sleeve 4 to keep following with a first drill 9 on the auger stem 2, then starting a concrete pump, and pouring superfluid concrete;

5) the hydraulic system 6 is closed, the second cavity 32 on the drill bit system 3 retracts into the second drill bit 10, the first drill bit 9 still keeps in the extending state to fix the casing 4, the upper power head 5 and the lower power head 7 are started to drive the auger stem 2 and the casing 4, and the drill bit system 3 is lifted;

6) and lifting the drill bit system 3 to a preset pile body position, loading oil pressure, enabling a second cavity 32 on the drill bit system 3 to extend out of the second drill bit 10, starting the upper power head 5 to drive the auger stem 2 to enable the second drill bit 10 to expand the diameter of the pile body at multiple stages at intervals, simultaneously pouring super-flow concrete, and quickly filling the concrete into an expanded diameter space formed by rotation of the second drill bit 10 under the self gravity to finally form the concrete pile 14 with the multiple stages of annular protrusions 14 a.

7) And after the super-fluid concrete is poured, inserting a reinforcement cage, and forming the pile.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, if the pile is formed into a sand, silty soil, pebble bed or other ground layer, which makes the long auger drilling machine 1 itself difficult to remove the bottom sediment, when the auger stem 2 drills into a predetermined depth of the bearing layer, the lower power head 7 can be separated from the casing 4, the upper power head 5 can be separated from the connection of the auger stem 2, the auger stem 2 is lifted up, the sediment in the casing 4 is cleaned up again by the aid of the auxiliary soil-fetching device, then the lower power head 7 is connected with the casing 4, the upper power head 5 is connected with the auger stem 2, the hydraulic system 6 is started, the second cavity 32 on the drill bit system 3 extends out the second drill bit 10 to expand the diameter of the pile end and the pile body, and simultaneously pours super-fluid concrete, the pile body forms the concrete pile 14 of the multistage annular bulge 14a, after the second drill bit 10 expands the diameter, the hydraulic system 6 is closed, then the concrete pump is closed, the pouring of the superfluid concrete is stopped, the access sleeve 4 is completely lifted out of the ground, and the concrete in the pipe completely flows out, and then the sleeve 4 is removed.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments.

The hydraulic diameter-variable reaming pile end and pile body secondary reaming construction method comprises the following steps: 1) starting the hydraulic system 6, acting oil pressure on the piston 12 through the oil pressure pipeline 8 and moving the piston, wherein the first cavity 31 of the drill bit system 3 extends out of the first drill bit 9 and is clamped into the clamping groove 41 arranged on the sleeve 4, and meanwhile, the second cavity 32 extends out of the second drill bit 10 and drills into the surrounding soil layer; 2) starting an upper power head 5 to drive the auger stem 2 to enable a second drill bit 10 on the drill bit system 3 to carry out secondary reaming of the pile end, simultaneously starting a lower power head 7 to drive the sleeve 4 to keep following with a first drill bit 9 on the auger stem 2, then starting a concrete pump, and pouring super-flow state concrete; 3) after the secondary reaming of the pile end is finished, the hydraulic system 6 is closed, the second cavity 32 on the drill bit system 3 retracts into the second drill bit 10, the first drill bit 9 still keeps in an extending state to fix the casing 4, the upper power head 5 and the lower power head 7 are started to drive the auger stem 2 and the casing 4, and the drill bit system 3 is lifted; 4) and loading oil pressure when the drill bit system 3 is lifted to a preset pile body position, extending a second cavity 32 on the drill bit system 3 out of the second drill bit 10, starting the upper power head 5 to drive the auger stem 2 to enable the second drill bit 10 to expand the pile body at multiple stages at intervals, and simultaneously pouring superfluid concrete to form the concrete pile 14 with the multiple stages of annular bulges 14 a.

As shown in fig. 9, the drill bit system 3 is provided with a first cavity 31 and a second cavity 32, both of which are arranged horizontally and symmetrically in a straight line shape with the auger stem 2 as the center, a first drill bit 9 with a piston 12 and movable outwards is installed in a first cylinder outer cavity 31c in the first cavity 31, a second drill bit 10 with a piston 12 and movable outwards and telescopically is installed in a second cylinder outer cavity 32c in the second cavity 32, a telescopic high-strength spring 11 is arranged in the second cylinder outer cavity 32c and sleeved on the surface of the second drill bit 10, and the pile end uses the continuous slow lifting drill bit system 3 to rotationally shear the wall of the pile hole, so as to further enlarge the pile hole, thereby forming a cylindrical enlarged part with the bottom diameter equal to the horizontal extension length of the second drill bit 10. The pile body adopts a preset spacing distance, and the second drill 10 in the second oil cylinder outer cavity 32c in the second cavity 32 alternately stretches to form the horizontal convex reducing reaming concrete pile 14.

As shown in fig. 10, the drill system 3 is provided with a first cavity 31 and a second cavity 32, the first cavity 31 is symmetrically arranged in a horizontal direction in a shape of "one", the second cavity 32 is symmetrically arranged in a shape of "Λ" and forms a certain angle with the horizontal line, a first drill 9 with a piston 12 is installed in a first cylinder outer cavity 31c of the first cavity 31 in an outward movable manner, a second drill 10 with a piston 12 is installed in a second cylinder outer cavity 32c of the second cavity 32 in an outward telescopic manner, and the extending direction and the horizontal line form a certain angle, the telescopic high-strength spring 11 is arranged in the second oil cylinder outer cavity 32c and sleeved on the surface of the second drill bit 10, the pile end adopts the continuous slow lifting drill bit system 3 to rotationally shear the wall of the pile hole, the pile hole is further enlarged, and a cylindrical enlarged part with the bottom diameter equal to the length of the horizontal projection of the second drill bit 10 is formed. The pile body adopts a preset spacing distance, and the second drill bit 10 in the second oil cylinder outer cavity 32c in the second cavity 32 alternately stretches, so that the pile body finally forms the forward stabbing type reducing reaming concrete pile 14, and the compression resistance bearing capacity of the pile body is improved.

As shown in fig. 11, the drill system 3 is provided with a first cavity 31 and a second cavity 32, the first cavity 31 is symmetrically arranged in a horizontal direction in a straight line shape with the auger stem 2 as the center, the second cavity 32 is symmetrically arranged in a V shape with a certain angle with the horizontal line, a first drill 9 with a piston 12 is installed in a first cylinder outer cavity 31c of the first cavity 31 in an outward movable manner, a second drill 10 with a piston 12 is installed in a second cylinder outer cavity 32c of the second cavity 32 in an outward telescopic manner, and the extending direction and the horizontal line are both in a certain angle, the telescopic high-strength spring 11 is arranged in the second oil cylinder outer cavity 32c and sleeved on the surface of the second drill bit 10, the pile end adopts the continuous slow lifting drill bit system 3 to rotationally shear the wall of the pile hole, the pile hole is further enlarged, and a cylindrical enlarged part with the bottom diameter equal to the length of the horizontal projection of the second drill bit 10 is formed. The pile body adopts a preset spacing distance, and the second drill bit 10 in the second oil cylinder outer cavity 32c in the second cavity 32 alternately stretches, so that the pile body finally forms the barb type diameter-variable hole-enlarging concrete pile 14, and the uplift bearing capacity of the pile body is improved.

The above-described embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are intended only to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand and use the present invention without limiting the present invention in any way, and it should be noted that modifications and variations of the present invention are possible without departing from the principles of the present invention. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present teachings.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a long auger drilling's fluid pressure type reducing reamer bit, a serial communication port, including long auger drilling, install detachable on the long auger drilling and go up the unit head and can make auger stem rotatory, go up the inside hydraulic system that is equipped with of unit head, the fixed drill bit system that is equipped with of auger stem lower extreme, the drill bit system is equipped with first cavity and second cavity, installs the first drill bit of outside movable area piston in the first cavity, installs the second drill bit of outside scalable removal area piston in the second cavity, auger stem is inside to be equipped with fills passageway, first pore and second pore, it is equipped with rotatable lower unit head to go up the unit head lower part, and lower unit head lower extreme is equipped with can dismantle rotatory sleeve pipe, and the sleeve pipe parcel can make it reciprocate in the cover pipe in the drill bit system outside.

2. The hydraulic variable diameter reamer bit of the long auger drill according to claim 1, wherein a hydraulic system is provided inside the upper power head.

3. The hydraulic variable diameter reaming bit of the long spiral drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein a bit system is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the spiral drilling rod, and the contact part of the lower end of the spiral drilling rod and the bit system is fixedly connected in a convex variable diameter mode.

4. The hydraulic variable diameter reaming bit of the long spiral drilling machine according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the bit system is provided with a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are horizontally and symmetrically arranged in a shape like a Chinese character yi with the spiral drill rod as the center, the second cavity can be further designed into a shape like a Chinese character yi or a Chinese character 'Λ', a first horizontal channel, a first cylinder inner cavity and a first cylinder outer cavity are arranged in the first cavity, a second horizontal channel, a second cylinder inner cavity and a second cylinder outer cavity are arranged in the second cavity, and the first horizontal channel and the second horizontal channel are in a circular hole shape and surround the edge of the spiral drill rod.

5. The hydraulic variable diameter reaming bit of the long spiral drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein a first drill bit with a piston and capable of moving outwards is mounted in a first cylinder outer cavity in the first cavity, a second drill bit with a piston and capable of moving outwards and telescopically is mounted in a second cylinder outer cavity in the second cavity, a telescopic high-strength spring is arranged in the second cylinder outer cavity and sleeved on the surface of the second drill bit, the piston is tightly connected with the inner wall surfaces of the first cylinder outer cavity and the second cylinder outer cavity, and rubber O-rings are arranged in the first cylinder outer cavity and the second cylinder outer cavity.

6. The hydraulic variable diameter reaming bit of the long spiral drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein the first drilling head and the second drilling head are tapered at the front ends, cylindrical with constant cross section at the middle and the rear ends, and fixed at the center of the piston at the rear end, wherein the first drilling head is slightly shorter than the second drilling head, and the second drilling head extends out of the outer cavity of the second cylinder by not less than 10 cm.

7. The hydraulic variable diameter reaming bit of the long spiral drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the lower power head is provided with a detachable and rotatable sleeve, the lower end of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves matched with the first drilling bit, and the clamping grooves are symmetrically arranged.

8. The hydraulic variable-diameter reaming bit of the long spiral drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein a filling passageway, a first hole passage and a second hole passage are arranged inside the spiral drilling rod, the filling passageway is arranged at the center of the spiral drilling rod, the first hole passage and the second hole passage are communicated and are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the filling passageway, a detachable oil pressure pipeline is arranged in the first hole passage, and the second hole passage is communicated with the first cavity and the second cavity.

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