CN219865003U

CN219865003U - Working face overstructs deep hole presplitting blasting system

Info

Publication number: CN219865003U
Application number: CN202321271349.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗瑞亮; 弓辉; 庞健; 冯玉琼; 武晓保; 王智才
Original assignee: Shanxi Coking Coal Group Chemical Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanxi Coking Coal Group Chemical Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-05-24
Filing date: 2023-05-24
Publication date: 2023-10-20
Anticipated expiration: 2033-05-24

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of underground coal mine drilling, in particular to a deep hole pre-splitting blasting system with an over-structured working face; the device comprises an accurate drilling device, a pre-splitting blasting device and an air blower, wherein the accurate drilling device comprises a directional drilling machine, an electronic water swivel, a cable drill rod, a hole bottom screw rod drilling tool, a directional drill bit, a measurement probe while drilling and a power source for driving the hole bottom screw rod drilling tool; one end of the cable-through drill rod is in transmission connection with the directional drilling machine; the other end is connected with a hole bottom screw drilling tool which is in transmission connection with a drill bit; the measurement while drilling probe is arranged on the cable-passing drill rod; the outflow port of the electronic water braid is communicated with the rear end of the cable drill rod, and the inflow port is connected with the water supply pipe; the drill rod position and the inclination angle are monitored in real time through measurement while drilling, and the drilling direction can be adjusted through the directional drill bit, so that the characteristics of high drilling accuracy and precision are improved, and the effect of pre-splitting blasting is improved.

Description

Working face overstructs deep hole presplitting blasting system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of underground coal mine drilling, in particular to a deep hole pre-splitting blasting system with an over-structured working face.

Background

The fully-mechanized mining machine excavation method is popularized and used in coal mine rock roadway excavation, and for soft rock roadways with common hardness coefficients smaller than 6, the fully-mechanized mining machine can smoothly cut, so that higher tunneling efficiency is achieved. However, when the stope face encounters hard rock stratum with a structure to be forced to advance, mechanical parameters such as strength and hardness of a medium are greatly changed, for example, when the stope face encounters hard rock with the firmness being more than 6, material consumption of picks and the like can be very serious when a fully mechanized mining machine is used for cutting, equipment damage rate is high, and advancing speed is slow. Aiming at the situation, before the fully mechanized mining machine excavates, a presplitting blasting method is generally adopted, and when the hard rock stratum is drilled and charged for blasting and the explosive explodes in the blast hole, strong shock waves and high-pressure gas can be generated and violently impact the rock mass around the wall of the blast hole, so that the surrounding rock mass is broken and cracked, the firmness degree of the section rock mass is reduced, the working efficiency of the fully mechanized mining machine is improved, and the saw tooth loss is reduced.

The depth of a blast hole of deep hole presplitting blasting under certain working conditions reaches hundreds of meters at present, and the situation of deflection is unavoidable in such a long distance, namely the actual spatial position of a drilling hole deviates from the designed spatial position, particularly when the structure is too complex, the rock anisotropy generates tilting moment at a drill bit to enable a large-diameter drilling tool to incline, so that the hole is inclined; or when drilling the soft and hard interlayer, the drill bit generates drilling pressure difference or the drill bit slides along the joint surface of the rock, and the deep hole drilling is incapable of charging once being excessively deflected, so that even if the charging is completed, the effect of the pre-splitting blasting is reduced or even fails completely. Specific effects include:

1. the position of the fault plane is inaccurate: when the drilling hole is deviated, the position of the fault surface of the pre-splitting hole is not accurate any more, and the blasting effect of the expected design cannot be achieved. This can lead to insufficient fracture strength at the fracture face, ultimately resulting in failure of the exploded rock to form the intended fracture.

2. Waste of explosion energy: the pre-fracture blasting requires careful design and calculation to ensure that the blast energy propagates sufficiently evenly to form the intended fracture. When the borehole is deviated, explosive energy may be wasted in unnecessary areas due to the fluctuation of the energy, rather than forming the intended fracture.

3. Security risk increases: the presplitting blasting operation requires a high precision drilling operation, typically performed in a high risk working environment. If the borehole is deviated, the explosive energy may be randomly spread, possibly creating a safety risk to the surrounding geological environment or personnel.

Therefore, the accuracy and precision of drilling can be ensured in the deep hole pre-splitting blasting system, and the problem that the deflection of drilling is to be solved is avoided.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem of low pre-splitting blasting effect caused by low drilling deflection, accuracy and precision in the deep hole pre-splitting blasting system in the prior art, the deep hole pre-splitting blasting system with the over-structured mining working face is provided, has the characteristics of high drilling accuracy and precision, and is beneficial to improving the pre-splitting blasting effect.

The system comprises an accurate drilling device, a presplitting blasting device and an air blower, wherein the accurate drilling device comprises a directional drilling machine, an electronic water swivel, a cable drill rod, a hole bottom screw rod drilling tool, a directional drill bit, a measurement probe while drilling and a power source for driving the hole bottom screw rod drilling tool; the directional drilling machine is used for controlling the cable drill rod to rotate and feed, and one end of the cable drill rod is in transmission connection with the directional drilling machine; the other end is connected with a hole bottom screw drilling tool which is in transmission connection with a drill bit; the measurement while drilling probe is arranged on the cable-passing drill rod; the outflow port of the electronic water braid is communicated with the rear end of the cable drill rod, and the inflow port is connected with the water supply pipe; one end of the air blower is communicated with the electronic water braid, and the other end of the air blower is connected with an explosion-proof air compressor; the drilling depth is the sum of the working face-to-construction distance and the construction length; after the drilling is completed, a pre-splitting blasting device is arranged in the hole, and the pre-splitting blasting device is connected with a detonation network at Kong Waichuan.

Further, the pre-splitting blasting device comprises a cartridge explosion-proof flame arrester, a cartridge explosive, an initiating explosive and an electric detonator, wherein the cartridge explosion-proof flame arrester is arranged at the bottom of the hole; the explosive tube is connected to the construction length section by section, then pushed into the hole and is close to the explosion-proof flame arrester of the explosive tube; two primary explosive charges are filled in the rear part of the blocked explosive, and each primary explosive charge is connected in parallel with two electric detonators; detonating cord is laid in the whole section of the explosive; the detonating cord grows out of the outer end of the initiating explosive; and the electric detonator is connected with the outside of the lead leading-out hole, and hole sealing is carried out outside the hole.

Further, the blowout prevention separation device comprises a dust hood and a gas-water-slag separation device which are arranged at the orifice, the gas hood is connected with an exhaust port, a water outlet and a slag discharge port, a filtering device is arranged between the through hole of the gas hood and the exhaust port and between the through hole of the gas hood and the water outlet, and the exhaust port is connected with a mine gas extraction pipe; the water outlet is connected with a mine pool; the slag discharging port is connected with a slag discharging and transporting system of the mine.

Further, the electronic water braid comprises a fixed end and a rotating end, wherein the fixed end is provided with a water inlet and a communication port, the fixed end and the rotating end are provided with a first through channel, the fixed end and the rotating end are rotatably connected through a bearing, an insulating layer is arranged inside the fixed end and the rotating end, a first conductor is arranged in the insulating layer and is connected with the communication port, and the communication port is connected with a computer.

Further, the directional drilling machine comprises a chassis, a main machine, a power device, a drill stabilizing mechanism and a gesture adjusting mechanism, wherein the gesture adjusting mechanism is connected to the chassis, the main machine is arranged on the gesture adjusting mechanism, the gesture adjusting mechanism comprises a lifting seat, a pitching rotation assembly and a lifting oil cylinder arranged on the chassis, and the lifting seat is fixedly arranged on a moving part of the lifting oil cylinder; the fixed part of the pitching rotation assembly is connected with the lifting seat, the rotating part is connected with the main machine of the drilling machine, and the lifting seat is fixedly arranged on the moving part of the lifting oil cylinder.

Further, the mining cable drill rod comprises a rod body, wherein the two ends of the rod body are provided with internal and external threads which are meshed with each other, a rigid connecting material is arranged in the rod body, an insulating material is filled in the rigid connecting material, a second conductor is arranged in the insulating material, and a second flow passage which is communicated between the outside of the rigid connecting material and the inner wall of the rod body is arranged between the outside of the rigid connecting material and the inner wall of the rod body; one end of the second conductor is an elastic conductor, the other end of the second conductor is provided with a groove matched with the elastic material, and the outside of the rod body is also provided with a spiral groove.

Further, the measurement while drilling probe comprises a magnetic orientation sensor and an inclination sensor;

the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. the drill rod position and the inclination angle are monitored in real time through measurement while drilling, and the drilling direction can be adjusted through the directional drill bit, so that the characteristics of high drilling accuracy and precision are improved, and the pre-splitting blasting effect is improved; 2. in order to ensure the effect of pre-splitting blasting, the scheme adopts a uncoupled continuous charging structure, and a certain gap is reserved between the cylindrical explosive and the radial direction of the blast hole. When the explosion gas expands, the detonation wave transmits the pressure to the hole wall rock through the air medium, the buffer effect on the explosion shock wave can be achieved, the initial pressure peak value acted on the blast hole is weakened, the pressure is uniformly distributed, the action time of the explosion gas is prolonged, the improvement of the explosion effect is facilitated, and the explosive energy can be fully utilized. The expansion of the explosive gas can increase the generation and expansion of cracks in the coal body, thereby being beneficial to reducing the stress concentration degree in the coal rock body and the stability of a stope; 3. the large-diameter blast hole and the uncoupled continuous charging structure are utilized, and the explosive is firstly connected to the construction length section by section and then is fed into the blast hole, so that the device has the characteristics of simple structure and convenience in placing the explosive into the deep hole; 2 electric detonators are utilized to detonate the primary explosive, so that the complete detonation of the primary explosive can be ensured, the detonating speed of the explosive is improved by the detonating cord, the probability of occurrence of the detonation is reduced, and the safety and stability are ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a directional drilling machine according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a directional drilling system according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a blowout prevention separation device;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an electronic water braid;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of a cabled drill pipe;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the pilot bit;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a pre-splitting blasting apparatus;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of a cartridge explosive;

FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of a blast hole arrangement of a deep hole pre-splitting blasting system;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a blast hole arrangement of a deep hole pre-split blasting system;

in the figure: 1. a directional drilling machine; 2. an electronic water braid; 3. a cable drill rod; 4. a hole bottom screw drilling tool; 5. a pilot bit; 6. measuring probe while drilling; 7. a power source; 8. a water supply pipe; 9. a hole bottom; 10. an explosion-proof air compressor; 101. blowout prevention separation device; 11. a dust collection cover; 12. an exhaust port; 13. a water outlet; 14. a slag discharge port; 15. a filtering device; 16. a mine gas extraction pipe; 17. a mine pool; 18. a quilt cylinder explosion-proof flame arrester; 19. a passive cylinder explosive; 20. an initiating explosive; 21. an electric detonator; 22. detonating cord; 23. a flow outlet; 24. a fixed end; 25. a rotating end; 26. a feed port; 27. a communication port; 28. a first flow passage; 29. a bearing; 30. an insulating layer; 31. a first conductor; 32. a rod body; 33. an internal thread; 34. an external thread; 35. a rigid connecting material; 36. an insulating material; 37. a second conductor; 38. a second flow passage; 39. an elastic conductor; 40. a groove; 41. a mine deslagging transportation system; 42. an explosion-proof computer; 43. A compressed air monitoring system; 44. a quilt cylinder traction rope; 45. blasting a busbar; 46. a hole sealing material; 47. an initiator; 48. a quilt cover; 49. a drug core; 50. foot line protective sleeve; 51. a spiral groove; 52. a bit body; 53. a third flow passage; 54. a chassis; 55. a power device; 56. a stable drilling mechanism; 57. a gesture adjusting mechanism; 58. a host; 59. a pitch swing assembly; 60. a lifting seat; 61. a track; 62. a lifting oil cylinder; 63. a through hole; 65. loosening the expansion range of the blasting cracks; 66. a working surface; 67. and (5) constructing.

Detailed Description

The utility model will be further described with reference to examples of an over-constructed deep hole pre-splitting blasting system for a mining face.

Hereinafter, the hole bottom and the hole opening refer to different positions of the drilled hole, and the blasthole also refers to the drilled hole.

As shown in fig. 2, the over-structured deep hole pre-splitting blasting system for the mining working face comprises an accurate drilling device, a pre-splitting blasting device and an air blower, wherein the accurate drilling device comprises a directional drilling machine 1, an electronic water swivel 2, a cable drill rod 3, a hole bottom screw drilling tool 4, a directional drilling bit 5, a measurement while drilling probe 6 and a power source 7 for driving the hole bottom screw drilling tool 4; the directional drilling machine 1 is used for controlling the cable drill rod 3 to rotate and feed, and one end of the cable drill rod 3 is in transmission connection with the directional drilling machine 1; the other end is connected with a hole bottom screw drilling tool 4, and the hole bottom screw drilling tool 4 is in transmission connection with a drill bit; the measurement while drilling probe 6 is arranged on the cable drill rod 3; the outflow port 23 of the electronic water braid 2 is communicated with the rear end of the cable drill rod 3, and the inflow port 26 is connected with the water supply pipe 8; one end of the air blower is communicated with the electronic water braid 2, and the other end is connected with an explosion-proof air compressor 10; the depth of the borehole is the sum of the working face 66 to formation 67 distance and the formation 67 length; after the drilling is completed, a pre-splitting blasting device is arranged in the hole, and the pre-splitting blasting device is connected with a detonation network at Kong Waichuan.

As shown in fig. 1, the directional drilling machine 1 comprises a chassis 54, a host machine 58, a power device 55, a drilling stabilizing mechanism 56 and a gesture adjusting mechanism 57, wherein the gesture adjusting mechanism 57 is connected to the chassis 54, the host machine 58 is arranged on the gesture adjusting mechanism 57, and the host machine 58 comprises a rotary feeding mechanism; the power unit 55 includes an explosion-proof motor and a hydraulic pump for outputting hydraulic oil for operation of the drilling machine and various mechanisms. The chassis 54 is driven by a hydraulic motor for automatic travel of the directional drilling machine 1. The power unit 55 includes an explosion-proof motor and hydraulic pump for outputting hydraulic oil for operation of the various mechanisms of the drilling machine.

The drilling stabilizing mechanism 56 is a hydraulic oil cylinder arranged on the chassis 54 upwards and downwards, the power device 55 provides hydraulic power to extend the hydraulic oil cylinder, and the hydraulic oil cylinder is used for propping against the ground and the top plate of a roadway and plays a role in stabilizing the directional drilling machine 1 and the drill rod in the drilling process.

The rotary feeding mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor, a reduction box body and a feeding oil cylinder, wherein the feeding oil cylinder is an actuating mechanism which performs reciprocating linear motion in a hydraulic system, and a driving shaft of the hydraulic motor drives the feeding oil cylinder to perform reciprocating linear motion after the rotating speed is regulated by the reduction box body and is used for drilling and controlling the inclined direction under the inclined hole. In the present embodiment, the rotary feed mechanism may be of the type in CN 202110264181.9.

As shown in fig. 1, the posture adjustment mechanism 57 includes a lifting base 60, a pitching rotation assembly 59, and a lifting cylinder 62 mounted on the chassis 54, the lifting base 60 being fixedly mounted on a moving part of the lifting cylinder 62; the fixed portion of the pitch swing assembly is connected to the lift base 60 and the rotating portion is connected to the rig main frame 58 so that the pitch swing assembly adjusts the pitch angle of the drill hole of the rig main frame 58.

The lifting seat 60 is fixedly arranged on a moving part of the lifting oil cylinder 62, and the lifting oil cylinder 62 drives the lifting seat 60 to move up and down along the height direction of the chassis 54, so that the pitching rotation assembly and the main machine 58 of the drilling machine are driven to lift relative to the chassis 54, and the drilling height of the main machine 58 of the drilling machine is adjusted; the gesture adjusting mechanism 57 is used for drilling height and drilling pitch angle of the host machine 58, and is matched with a drilling program of a drilling machine to realize positioning drilling automation operation.

As shown in fig. 5, the cable drill rod 3 is also called a directional drill rod, and a cable device in the drill rod is used for transmitting measurement while drilling data, is a signal transmission device between a hole bottom inclinometry unit and a hole orifice inclinometry device, and is an important matched drilling tool for ensuring smooth implementation of directional drilling. In this embodiment, the type of the cable-through drill rod 3 is, but not limited to, the beneficial-ore YKDRILL cable-through drill rod 3.

The drilling operation needs to master the hole site, the hole depth and the angle strictly according to the blasting design requirement. Drilling track data, hole depth record data, angle data and the like of the measuring points can be fed back to the explosion-proof computer 42 outside the hole through the cable drill rod 3 through the measurement while drilling probe 6. The water swivel is used for connecting the connector of the drilling machine and the water pipe, in the drilling process of the drilling machine for the coal stratum, the pressure-bearing water in the water supply pipe 8 enters the cable drill rod 3 from the electronic water swivel 2, the water is sprayed into the drill hole from the drill bit through the cable drill rod 3, dust can be reduced, and hydraulic punching can be performed if the high-pressure water is connected. After the drilling machine drills, the air blower blows residues in the holes by using compressed air generated by the explosion-proof air compressor 10, so that the follow-up charging smoothness is ensured.

As shown in fig. 3, the blowout prevention separation device 101 comprises a dust hood 11 and a gas-water-slag separation device, wherein the dust hood 11 is arranged at the hole at the rear end of a cable drill rod 3, the gas hood is connected with a gas outlet 12, a water outlet 13 and a slag outlet 14, a filtering device 15 is arranged between a through hole 63 of the gas hood and the gas outlet 12 and between the gas outlet 13, and the gas outlet 12 is connected with a mine gas extraction pipe 16; the water outlet 13 is connected with a mine pool 17; the slag discharge port 14 is connected with a mine slag discharge and transportation system 41.

Because the drill rod is communicated with the air blower, the air blower blows air into the hole to clean residues, and the electronic water braid 2 blows water into the hole to reduce dust and punch holes; therefore, the residues, dust, gas and waste water can be sprayed out from the orifice, and the anti-spraying separation device 101 is used for preventing substances in the orifice from being sprayed out to hurt people, and meanwhile, the waste water, the gas, the residues and the dust are automatically collected, so that the environment of a working site is improved. The dust hood 11 can collect residues and dust and prevent the residues and dust from being scattered and sprayed out, and the collected residues enter the mine slag discharge conveying system 41 through the slag discharge port 14 to be discharged; the gas is filtered to dust by the filter device 15, and then is discharged into a gas extraction pipe through the exhaust port 12, and the dust falls into the slag discharge port 14; the water outlet 13 is filtered by the filter 15 to remove residues and dust and is discharged into a mine pool 17. In this embodiment, the filtering device 15 is a metal filter screen with a corresponding mesh number.

As shown in fig. 4, the electronic water braid 2 includes a fixed end 24 and a rotating end 25, the fixed end 24 is provided with a fluid inlet 26 and a communication port 27, the fixed end 24 and the rotating end 25 are provided with a first fluid channel 28 penetrating through, the fixed end 24 and the rotating end 25 are rotatably connected through a bearing 29, an insulating layer 30 is arranged inside the fixed end 24 and the rotating end 25, a first conductor 31 is arranged in the insulating layer 30, the first conductor 31 is connected with the communication port 27, and the communication port 27 is connected with an explosion-proof computer 42. One end of the electronic water braid 2 is connected with a water pipe or an air pipe, the other end of the electronic water braid is connected with a cable drill rod 3 through threads, and the electronic water braid is a transition device for external flushing fluid to enter the drill rod and transmit signals, is matched equipment necessary for measurement while drilling in directional drilling, has the functions of transmitting signals, conveying power media required by a hole bottom motor and the like, and is matched with the directional drilling machine 1.

As shown in fig. 5, the cable drill rod 3 comprises a rod body 32, wherein two ends of the rod body 32 are provided with internal threads 33 and external threads 34 which are meshed with each other, a rigid connection material 35 is arranged in the rod body 32, an insulating material 36 is filled in the rigid connection material 35, a second conductor 37 is arranged in the insulating material 36, a second through channel 38 is arranged between the outside of the rigid connection material 35 and the inner wall of the rod body 32, one end of the second conductor 37 is an elastic conductor 39, and the other end of the second conductor 37 is provided with a groove 40 matched with the elastic material; the outer diameter phi of the rod body 32 is 73mm, and the length is 1000-3000 mm; the outside of the rod body 32 is also provided with a spiral groove 51. The measurement while drilling probe 6 comprises a magnetic orientation sensor and an inclination sensor;

the inlet 26 of the fixed end 24 is communicated with the mining water supply pipe 8, and the inlet 26 can also input mud and compressed air as power of a hole bottom motor and can also discharge drill cuttings in the hole out of the hole. The rotating end 25 is communicated with the rear end of the cable drill rod 3; the first flow path 28 of the electronic water swivel 2 communicates with the second flow path 38 of the cabled drill pipe 3. The insulating layer 30 is used for avoiding water from communicating with the first conductor 31, and the first conductor 31 is used for being connected with the elastic conductor 39 of the cable through drill rod 3; the elastic conductor 39 is connected with the second conductor 37 and the conductor housing of the drill rod, and the magnetic orientation sensor and the inclination sensor are connected with the conductor housing of the drill rod and the second conductor 37 for signal transmission while drilling.

As shown in fig. 6, the pilot bit 5 comprises a bit body 52, the outer diameter phi of the rear end is 73mm, the pilot bit is provided with an internal thread 33 which is meshed with the external thread 34 of the drill rod, the outer diameter phi of the front end is 94mm, the front end is provided with a PDC diamond compact and a hard alloy, the PDC diamond compact and the hard alloy are arranged on the outer circle of the front end and the end face of the front end, the front end of the drill bit is also provided with a plurality of third flow passages 53 communicated with the rear end, and the third flow passages 53 are communicated with the second flow passages 38 of the drill rod 3 and are used for inputting water, inputting mud and compressed air and discharging drill cuttings in the hole backwards.

The hole bottom screw drilling tool 4 is specifically a hydraulic screw motor or a pneumatic screw motor with an elbow; during the working process of the hole bottom screw drilling tool 4, the drill bit gyrates to break the rock, and the whole drilling tool does not gyrate; by replacing the directional elbow joint body or the outer tube of the lower universal joint, the bottom screw drilling tool 4 is bent, adjusted and oriented, and under the action of the weight of the drill, the drill bit generates unequal lateral force on the periphery of the hole wall, so that the directional drilling is maintained.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the pre-splitting blasting device comprises a cartridge explosion-proof flame arrester 18, a cartridge explosive 19, an initiating explosive 20 and an electric detonator 21, wherein the cartridge explosion-proof flame arrester 18 is arranged at the bottom of the hole; the cartridge explosive 19 is pushed into the hole after being connected section by section to the length of the formation 67 and immediately adjacent to the cartridge explosion-proof flame arrester 18; two primary explosive charges 20 are filled in the rear part of the blocked explosive 19, and each primary explosive charge 20 is connected in parallel with two electric detonators 21; detonating cord 22 is laid in the whole section of the tube explosive 19; the detonating cord 22 grows out of the outer end of the primary charge 20; the electric detonator 21 is connected with the outside of the lead-out hole, and the hole is sealed.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the hole sites are arranged in a triangular shape. The diameter of the hole is 94mm, and the outer diameter of the explosive 19 is 45-70 mm;

the large-diameter blast hole and the uncoupled continuous charging structure are utilized, and the explosive 19 is firstly connected to the length of the structure 67 section by section and then is fed into the blast hole, so that the structure is simple, and the explosive can be conveniently placed into the deep hole; the 2 electric detonators 21 are utilized to detonate the primary explosive 20, so that the complete detonation of the primary explosive 20 can be ensured, the detonating speed of the explosive is improved by the detonating cord 22, the probability of occurrence of the misfire is reduced, and the safety and stability are ensured. Wherein by the outer section of thick bamboo explosive 19 including the medicine core 49 and outsourcing at the outside by a section of thick bamboo 48 of medicine core 49, be equipped with the connector respectively by the both ends of section of thick bamboo 48, be equipped with respectively on the connector at both ends can intermesh internal and external screw thread 34 to make by section of thick bamboo explosive 19 link to each other, keep the holistic continuity of multisection medicine core 49, realize explosive at the even distribution of blasthole direction, guarantee the balanced stability of blasting, improve charging efficiency.

The cartridge 48 is made of flame arrestor, the flame arrestor inside of which is mainly organic salt; the flame arrestor in the jacket 48 and the flame arrestor of the jacket 48 can prevent the combustible components in the explosive from chemically reacting with oxygen, and can raise the ignition temperature of the combustible gas, so that the combustible gas is not easy to ignite. The combined action of stopping and absorbing heat is utilized to reduce explosion flame and flame duration, so that the possibility of explosion of explosive gas is reduced, and safety redundancy is increased. In this embodiment, the length of each section of the tube charge 19 is 800mm to 900mm. The core 49 is too short, requiring more connections to increase the effort, and the core 49 is too long, potentially resulting in a core 49 that cannot fit. Because the common length of the drill rod for drilling is 1000-3000 mm long, the explosive 19 of the cylinder is selected to be 800-900 mm long according to the bending resistance, so that the explosive core 49 can be ensured to be filled and the connection times can be reduced.

In order to ensure the effect of pre-splitting blasting, the pre-splitting blasting device adopts a uncoupled continuous charging structure, and a certain gap is reserved between the cylindrical explosive 19 and the radial direction of the blast hole. When the explosion gas expands, the detonation wave transmits the pressure to the hole wall rock through the air medium, the buffer effect on the explosion shock wave can be achieved, the initial pressure peak value acted on the blast hole is weakened, the pressure is uniformly distributed, the action time of the explosion gas is prolonged, the improvement of the explosion effect is facilitated, and the explosive energy can be fully utilized. The expansion of the explosive gas can increase the generation and expansion of cracks in the coal body, and is beneficial to reducing the stress concentration degree in the coal body and the stability of a stope. By drilling large-diameter deep blastholes and filling large-diameter cylindrical explosive 19, the single blasting loosening depth can be increased, and the rock around the blastholes is broken without throwing by utilizing the combined total effect of the action of shock waves and stress waves generated by explosive explosion in a medium and the expansion and static action of explosive gas, so that the effect of increasing rock cracks of a stope face 66 is achieved, the equipment loss can be reduced, the comprehensive mining efficiency is improved, the production cost is reduced, the safe and rapid propulsion of the working face 66 is realized, meanwhile, the excessive cutting dust in the forced propulsion process is avoided, and the occupational health protection of workers is improved.

The electric detonator 21 is an instantaneous electric detonator or a same-section millisecond electric detonator; in this embodiment, an initial charge 20 is placed behind the cartridge charge 19, and each initial charge 20 is connected in parallel with 2 identical millisecond electric detonators 21. Since in deep hole blasting, when the sensitivity of the explosive is low, the electric detonator 21 cannot be detonated directly, it is necessary to detonate with the initiating explosive 20, and the initiating explosive 20 is detonated by the electric detonator 21. The electric detonators 21 are millisecond electric detonators 21 which are used for the same section of coal mine, 2 identical section electric detonators 21 can ensure simultaneous detonation and complete detonation of the initiating explosive 20, so that the initiating explosive 20 fully releases explosion energy, the average release energy relative value is improved, the detonating cord 22 is detonated by utilizing the energy generated by the surrounding when the initiating explosive 20 is instantaneously decomposed, the detonation velocity of the detonating cord 22 is generally not less than 5600m/s, the detonating cord 22 is used for conducting detonation, and a plurality of sections of the blocked explosive 19 can be detonated simultaneously.

The outer side of the leg wire of the electric detonator 21 is provided with a leg wire protective sleeve 50, the electric detonator 21 is connected with the outside of the lead-out hole opening, and the hole opening is blocked with a hole sealing material 46. The leg wire of the electric detonator 21 is entangled with the primer charge 20 and the leg wire is twisted into a short circuit to prevent static electricity or stray current from accidentally detonating the electric detonator 21, and the detonating cord 22 exceeds the outer end 1m-2m of the primer charge 20.

In this embodiment, the leg wire protective sleeve 50 suspends the leg wire of the electric detonator 21, does not contact with the conductor, is used for protecting the electric detonator 21, avoids the damage to the circuit in the backfilling process, and the leg wire of the electric detonator 21 needs to be tightly connected and firmly connected when connected, and seals the joint by using waterproof adhesive tape, and the ends are in short-circuit connection; the plugging length is determined according to the intensity of the coal body at the explosion point and is generally 5-10 m. After the blast holes are filled, connecting the wires of the electric detonators 21 for blasting of each blast hole in series with a blasting busbar 45 and a blaster 47, wherein the blasting busbar 45 is required to be well insulated and hung in the air.

In other embodiments, the connection part between the passive barrels 48 is also sleeved with a centering ring, the centering ring can enable the passive barrel explosive 19 to reside in the middle of the blast hole, and the uncoupled explosive forms an annular gap with a certain volume between the passive barrel explosive 19 and the blast hole wall, so that the initial pressure of detonation waves can be effectively reduced, the hole wall is protected from being completely crushed, the action time of the road blasting stress waves and the blasting gases is prolonged, and the pre-crack expansion is facilitated.

The device also comprises a quilt cylinder hauling rope 44, wherein the quilt cylinder hauling rope 44 is connected with the quilt cylinder explosion-proof flame arrester 18, and the length of the quilt cylinder hauling rope 44 exceeds the depth of the blast hole, namely is greater than the length of L+B. The driven tube haulage rope 44 is connected with the driven tube explosion-proof flame arrester 18 and pushed to the hole bottom; when the explosive cannot continue to enter the deep part of the drilling hole due to the clamping hole of the cylinder 48, the cylinder 48 can be pulled out by the traction rope.

The hole sealing is carried out by adopting a hole sealing material 46 or a hole packer, wherein the hole sealing material 46 is yellow mud, water stemming, clay stemming or stemming made of nonflammable plastic materials. In this embodiment, the hole sealing material 46 is cement stemming, which becomes gas under the high temperature of the explosive, so as to further enhance the gas wedge cracking effect. In other embodiments, a sealer may also be used for sealing the holes.

The scheme adopts a uncoupled continuous charging structure, and a certain gap is reserved between the cylindrical explosive 19 and the radial direction of the blast hole. When the explosion gas expands, the detonation wave transmits the pressure to the hole wall rock through the air medium, the buffer effect on the explosion shock wave can be achieved, the initial pressure peak value acted on the explosion hole is weakened, the pressure is uniformly distributed, the action time of the explosion gas is prolonged, the improvement of the explosion effect is facilitated, and the explosive energy can be fully utilized. The energy generated by explosion can increase the generation and expansion of cracks in the coal body, and is beneficial to reducing the stress concentration degree in the coal rock body. After the blast holes are filled, the blasting wires of the blast holes are connected in series into the blasting bus 45, and blasting is performed by adopting blasting networks which are connected in parallel in the holes and are connected in series outside the holes, so that the blasting times can be reduced. And combining ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element dynamic simulation analysis software, the optimal blasting parameters such as uncoupled charging coefficient, blast hole depth, charging quantity, blast hole spacing and the like can be determined. By drilling large-diameter deep blastholes and filling large-diameter cylindrical explosive 19, the single blasting loosening depth can be increased, and the rock around the blastholes is broken without throwing by utilizing the combined total effect of the action of shock waves and stress waves generated by explosive explosion in a medium and the expansion and static action of explosive gas, so that the effect of increasing rock cracks of a stope face 66 is achieved, the equipment loss can be reduced, the comprehensive mining efficiency is improved, the production cost is reduced, and the safe and rapid propulsion of the working face 66 is realized.

Claims

1. The over-structured deep hole pre-splitting blasting system for the mining working face is characterized by comprising an accurate drilling device, a pre-splitting blasting device and an air blower, wherein the accurate drilling device comprises a directional drilling machine (1), an electronic water swivel (2), a cable drill rod (3), a hole bottom screw drill (4), a directional drill bit (5), a measurement-while-drilling probe tube (6) and a power source (7) for driving the hole bottom screw drill (4); the directional drilling machine (1) is used for controlling the rotation feeding of the cable drill rod (3), and one end of the cable drill rod (3) is in transmission connection with the directional drilling machine (1); the other end is connected with a hole bottom screw drilling tool (4), and the hole bottom screw drilling tool (4) is in transmission connection with a drill bit; the measurement while drilling probe (6) is arranged on the cable-through drill rod (3); the outflow port (23) of the electronic water braid (2) is communicated with the rear end of the cable drill rod (3), and the inflow port (26) is connected with the water supply pipe (8); one end of the air blower is communicated with the electronic water braid (2), and the other end is connected with an explosion-proof air compressor (10); the drilling depth is the sum of the distance from the working surface (66) to the structure (67) and the length of the structure (67); after the drilling is completed, a pre-splitting blasting device is arranged in the hole, and the pre-splitting blasting device is connected with a detonation network at Kong Waichuan.

2. The mining face over-construction deep hole pre-splitting blasting system according to claim 1, further comprising a blowout prevention separation device (101), wherein the blowout prevention separation device (101) comprises a dust collecting cover (11) arranged at an orifice, the dust collecting cover is connected with an air outlet (12), a water outlet (13) and a slag discharging port (14), a filtering device (15) is arranged between a through hole (63) of the dust collecting cover and the air outlet (12) and between the air outlet (13), and the air outlet (12) is connected with a mine gas extraction pipe (16); the water outlet (13) is connected with a mine pool (17); the slag discharging port (14) is connected with a mine slag discharging and transporting system (41).

3. The mining face over-construction deep hole pre-split blasting system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pre-split blasting device comprises a cartridge explosion-proof flame arrester (18), a cartridge explosive (19), an initiating explosive (20) and an electric detonator (21), the cartridge explosion-proof flame arrester (18) being arranged at the bottom of the hole; the cylinder explosive (19) is connected to the length of the structure (67) section by section, then is pushed into the hole and is close to the cylinder explosion-proof flame arrester (18); two primary explosive charges (20) are filled in the rear part of the blocked explosive (19), and each primary explosive charge (20) is connected with two electric detonators (21) in parallel; the inner part of the full-section tube-like explosive (19) is laid with a detonating cord (22); the detonating cord (22) grows out of the outer end of the initiating explosive (20); the electric detonator (21) is connected with the outside of the lead leading-out hole, and hole sealing is carried out outside the hole.

4. The mining face over-construction deep hole pre-splitting blasting system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electronic water braid (2) comprises a fixed end (24) and a rotating end (25), the fixed end (24) is provided with a water inlet (26) and a communication port (27), the fixed end (24) and the rotating end (25) are provided with a first through passage (28), the fixed end (24) and the rotating end (25) are rotatably connected through a bearing (29), an insulating layer (30) is arranged inside the fixed end (24) and the rotating end (25), a first conductor (31) is arranged in the insulating layer (30), and the first conductor (31) is connected with the communication port (27).

5. A face overstructure deep hole presplitting blasting system according to claim 3, characterized in that the electronic water braid (2) comprises a fixed end (24) and a rotating end (25), the fixed end (24) is provided with a feed port (26) and a communication port (27), the fixed end (24) and the rotating end (25) are provided with a first through passage (28) which penetrates through, the fixed end (24) and the rotating end (25) are rotatably connected through a bearing (29), an insulating layer (30) is arranged inside the fixed end (24) and the rotating end (25), a first conductor (31) is arranged in the insulating layer (30), and the first conductor (31) is connected with the communication port (27).

6. The mining face over-construction deep hole pre-splitting blasting system according to claim 1,2 or 5, wherein the directional drilling machine (1) comprises a chassis (54), a main machine (58), a power device (55), a drilling stabilizing mechanism (56) and a posture adjusting mechanism (57), the posture adjusting mechanism (57) is connected to the chassis (54), the main machine (58) is mounted on the posture adjusting mechanism (57), the posture adjusting mechanism (57) comprises a lifting seat (60), a pitching rotation assembly and a lifting cylinder (62) mounted on the chassis (54), and the lifting seat (60) is fixedly mounted on a moving part of the lifting cylinder (62); the fixed part of the pitching rotation assembly is connected with a lifting seat (60), the rotating part is connected with a main machine (58) of the drilling machine, and the lifting seat (60) is fixedly arranged on the moving part of a lifting oil cylinder (62).

7. A mining face over-construction deep hole pre-splitting blasting system according to claim 3, characterized in that the directional drilling machine (1) comprises a chassis (54), a main machine (58), a power device (55), a drilling stabilizing mechanism (56) and a gesture adjusting mechanism (57), the gesture adjusting mechanism (57) is connected to the chassis (54), the main machine (58) is arranged on the gesture adjusting mechanism (57), the gesture adjusting mechanism (57) comprises a lifting seat (60), a pitching rotation assembly and a lifting oil cylinder (62) arranged on the chassis (54), and the lifting seat (60) is fixedly arranged on a moving part of the lifting oil cylinder (62); the fixed part of the pitching rotation assembly is connected with a lifting seat (60), the rotating part is connected with a main machine (58) of the drilling machine, and the lifting seat (60) is fixedly arranged on the moving part of a lifting oil cylinder (62).

8. The mining face over-construction deep hole pre-splitting blasting system according to claim 4, wherein the directional drilling machine (1) comprises a chassis (54), a main machine (58), a power device (55), a drilling stabilizing mechanism (56) and a gesture adjusting mechanism (57), the gesture adjusting mechanism (57) is connected to the chassis (54), the main machine (58) is mounted on the gesture adjusting mechanism (57), the gesture adjusting mechanism (57) comprises a lifting seat (60), a pitching rotation assembly and a lifting oil cylinder (62) mounted on the chassis (54), and the lifting seat (60) is fixedly mounted on a moving part of the lifting oil cylinder (62); the fixed part of the pitching rotation assembly is connected with a lifting seat (60), the rotating part is connected with a main machine (58) of the drilling machine, and the lifting seat (60) is fixedly arranged on the moving part of a lifting oil cylinder (62).

9. The face over-construction deep hole pre-split blasting system of claim 1,2, 5, 7 or 8, wherein the measurement-while-drilling probe (6) comprises a magnetic orientation sensor and an inclination sensor.

10. A face over-construction deep hole pre-split blasting system according to claim 3, characterized in that the measurement-while-drilling probe (6) comprises a magnetic orientation sensor and an inclination sensor.