CN218645688U

CN218645688U - Air conditioner refrigeration and heat supply unit based on siphon principle

Info

Publication number: CN218645688U
Application number: CN202223304615.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡宏武
Original assignee: Three Hundred Mile Beijing Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Three Hundred Mile Beijing Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-09
Filing date: 2022-12-09
Publication date: 2023-03-17
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-09

Abstract

An air conditioner refrigeration and heat supply unit based on a siphon principle comprises a refrigerant water system, a refrigerant steam system and a liquid level adjusting device; the refrigerant water system includes a high level tank, a siphon start pump, an evaporation vessel, a low level tank, and a heat sink for providing the heat required for evaporation of the refrigerant. The working process comprises three processes of refrigerant water siphon decompression, heat absorption evaporation and vapor compression discharge. The utility model gets rid of the constraint of the traditional four refrigeration components, provides a simpler and easier structure form, and can be used as a water chilling unit, a water source or air source heat pump and a combined cooling and heating unit; the water-cooling type solar water heater has the characteristics of simple structure, low construction cost, multiple purposes and the like, and has the advantages of environmental friendliness, energy conservation, emission reduction and the like due to the fact that water is used as a refrigerant; compared with the traditional vapor compression circulating refrigeration equipment, the refrigeration equipment has the advantages of wider refrigeration temperature range, higher heat supply grade and larger theoretical refrigeration coefficient.

Description

Air conditioner refrigeration and heat supply unit based on siphon principle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an air conditioner refrigeration heating equipment, in particular to air conditioner refrigeration heating unit based on siphon principle belongs to industry and civilian air conditioner refrigeration heating technical field.

Background

Modern people cannot live in refrigeration, and the most important application is air conditioning. People have long been used to the comfortable enjoyment brought by the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment, such as household air conditioners and various central air conditioners for large public buildings. The refrigeration air conditioner can not be used for life, and the refrigeration air conditioner is especially suitable for production. As long as production means energy consumption, energy consumption means heat production, and heat production means heat removal, i.e. refrigeration is required, so that refrigeration air conditioners have wide application in various industries of industrial production. The refrigeration air conditioner is a necessary product for human beings, and is indispensable to the future development of human beings.

At present, a plurality of methods for realizing refrigeration exist, but only vapor compression circulation type refrigeration of liquid vaporization occupies the absolute leading position of the refrigeration industry due to the characteristics of mature theory, large refrigeration capacity, high energy utilization rate and the like, and other refrigeration equipment (such as absorption type, adsorption type, vapor injection type, air expansion method, pulse tube type, vortex tube type, thermoelectric refrigeration, magnetic refrigeration, acoustic refrigeration and the like) are limited in application range due to the performance characteristics of the equipment, and are only used in a small amount in some special occasions.

The vapor compression cycle refrigeration is produced in the 18 th century, the theoretical basis of which is the inverse Carnot cycle, and the main equipment is composed of four major components, namely an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a throttle valve. The basic working principle is as follows: the low-pressure refrigerant liquid is evaporated in the evaporator to absorb heat, and the absorbed heat comes from a substance to be refrigerated (such as chilled water) which flows through the evaporator at the same time, so that refrigeration is realized; the low-pressure refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator is compressed into high-pressure refrigerant vapor by a compressor; then the heat is condensed and released in a condenser, and the released heat is taken away by cooling substances (such as cooling water) flowing through the condenser at the same time; thereafter, the condensed high-pressure refrigerant liquid is decompressed by the throttle valve and becomes a low-pressure refrigerant liquid again, and enters the evaporator, thereby realizing a refrigeration cycle.

Although the vapor compression cycle refrigeration has been developed for about 200 years, the technology is quite mature, and compared with other refrigeration modes, the refrigeration mode has the outstanding advantages of large refrigeration capacity, high energy efficiency and the like, but the vapor compression cycle refrigeration still has some defects:

(I) high energy consumption: refrigeration energy consumption has become one of the most important components of national production energy consumption. In both civil and industrial applications, as long as there is a demand for refrigeration, the refrigeration system is generally one of the most important energy consumption items of users, for example, in general large public buildings, the energy consumption of air-conditioning refrigeration in summer generally accounts for about half of the total energy consumption of buildings in summer.

(II) refrigerant damages the environment: various types of freons are generally adopted as refrigerants in the vapor compression cycle type refrigeration equipment, and the freons damage the ozone layer or produce atmospheric greenhouse gases, so that the environment is seriously affected.

(III) high equipment manufacturing requirement and high cost: although the basic construction is "refrigerating 4 pieces", the manufacturing requirements of each piece are high, and a large number of accessories and control systems are added, so that the refrigerator becomes one of the most valuable devices in the engineering field. At present, the refrigerator is still dominated by foreign brands, and the domestic brands are competitive.

(IV) the refrigeration range is narrow: the refrigeration range of a specific refrigerator is quite narrow, for example, a common water chilling unit can only provide chilled water at about 5-15 ℃, if the chilled water exceeds the range, a refrigerant or a compressor must be replaced, namely, for occasions with multi-working condition requirements, a plurality of refrigerators are required to be configured, the refrigerators cannot be used universally, and the complexity and the construction cost of the system are increased undoubtedly.

(V) low heating grade: the refrigerating process is a process of transferring heat from low temperature to high temperature, so the refrigerator is a heating machine. The grade of heat provided by the vapor compression circulation refrigeration is generally only about 60 ℃ at most, and the vapor compression circulation refrigeration can only be used for heating or producing a few heat demands such as domestic hot water and the like. For some users with higher heat level requirement (such as steam requirement), it is generally necessary to configure a separate heating device such as a boiler in addition to the refrigerator.

In view of the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, a new method is needed to develop a brand-new air-conditioning refrigeration and heat supply device for the field of air-conditioning refrigeration and heat supply, so that a certain promotion effect on the whole refrigeration and heat supply industry and environmental protection can be achieved.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing an air conditioner refrigeration heat supply unit based on siphon principle makes it not only have the characteristics that the refrigerating output that the circulating refrigeration of vapor compression had is big, realizes energy saving and emission reduction moreover, and environment friendly to accomplish cold and hot system with the hope at wider within range, further reduce running cost.

The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:

the utility model provides an air conditioner refrigeration heat supply unit based on siphon principle which characterized in that: the unit comprises a refrigerant water system, a refrigerant steam system, an automatic water replenishing device and a liquid level adjusting device; the refrigerant water system comprises a high-level water tank, a siphon starting pump, an evaporation container, a low-level water tank and a heat absorption device for providing heat required by refrigerant evaporation; the bottom water outlet of the low-level water tank is connected with the upper water inlet of the high-level water tank through a pipeline, and an internal circulating pump is arranged on the pipeline; the inlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump is inserted below the liquid level in the high-level water tank, and the outlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump is connected with the evaporation container; the evaporation container is inserted below the liquid level in the low-level water tank through a pipeline connected with the low-level water tank through a pipeline; installing a vent valve and a refrigerant vapor system at the top of the evaporation vessel; the refrigerant steam system sequentially comprises a steam compressor, a steam emptying pipe and a steam heat utilization unit, and a steam heat utilization unit switch valve is arranged on an inlet pipeline of the steam heat utilization unit; the heat absorbing device is arranged in the evaporation container, the low-level water tank or the high-level water tank, or arranged on any connecting pipeline of the refrigerant water system, or arranged above the high-level water tank.

Further, an inlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump is inserted into the lower position below the liquid level in the high-level water tank; the evaporation container is inserted into the lower part of the lower water tank below the liquid level through a pipeline connected with the lower water tank through a pipeline.

Further, it is characterized in that: level height difference h between liquid level of high-level water tank and gas-liquid interface of evaporation container ₁ Is greater than 0 meters and less than 10.5 meters; liquid level difference h between high level water tank and low level water tank ₂ Is 1-10 m.

Further, it is characterized in that: and a steam emptying valve is arranged on the steam emptying pipe.

Preferably, the liquid level adjusting device comprises a liquid level meter and a variable volume air bag and is arranged on the high-level water tank.

Preferably, the automatic water replenishing device is arranged on the low-level water tank.

Further, it is characterized in that: if the heat absorption device is arranged in the evaporation container, the heat absorption device adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger which is integrated with the evaporation container; if the heat absorption device is arranged in the high-level water tank or the low-level water tank, the heat absorption device adopts a floating disc tubular heat exchanger; if the heat absorption device is arranged on any connecting pipeline of the refrigerant water system, the heat absorption device adopts a plate heat exchanger, or a cooling user is directly connected to the pipeline of the refrigerant water system as the heat absorption device; if the heat absorbing device is arranged above the high-level water tank, the heat absorbing device adopts a heat source tower which extracts heat from air.

Further, it is characterized in that: the steam heat utilization unit adopts one or a combination of a plurality of heating units of heating demand users, steam supply units of steam demand users, domestic hot water supply units of domestic hot water heat users and domestic hot water heating units of domestic hot water heat users.

The utility model discloses compare with current vapor compression circulating refrigeration unit, have following advantage and beneficial effect:

(1) the method is environment-friendly: the utility model discloses a water is as the refrigerant, and it neither destroys the ozone layer, also can not cause greenhouse gas to effectively overcome all kinds of freon refrigerants that adopt among the prior art and caused the serious influence to the environment.

(2) Energy conservation: the utility model is a new refrigeration and heat supply unit, the theoretical refrigeration coefficient of which can reach about twice of the steam compression circulation type refrigeration mode under the same working condition; moreover, it still provides more convenient and higher grade heat, has realized the combined heat and cold with simpler method in bigger temperature range, so compare with traditional vapor compression circulating refrigerating unit, the utility model discloses obvious energy-conserving advantage has.

(3) Simple structure, equipment manufacture require lowly, and the running cost is few: the traditional refrigeration mode taking the refrigeration four major components as the typical characteristic has higher requirements on the manufacture of equipment, and the utility model discloses then thoroughly break away from the constraint of refrigeration four major components, provide a simpler and easier structural style. Moreover, the utility model discloses a unique structure still makes it change in the heat supply unit of putting up various usage, makes some cold and hot source systems that need cold and hot confession occasion simpler, and construction cost is lower.

(4) One machine has multiple functions: because the utility model discloses a refrigeration scope is wide, heats the high-grade, so the utility model discloses can regard as the substitute product of present refrigeration air conditioner field and the multiple equipment commonly used or system of industrial field: when the utility model is used for preparing the air-conditioning chilled water with the temperature of about 10 ℃, the utility model can be used as a substitute product of a water chilling unit in the related industry at present; when the utility model is used for preparing chilled water at about 30 ℃, the chilled water can be used as a substitute product of a cooling water system in the wide industrial field; when the industrial field needs cooling water with higher temperature, the utility model can be used as a substitute product of various cooling systems adopted at present as long as the temperature does not exceed 100 ℃; when the utility model is used as a heat pump and the low-temperature heat source is various water sources, the utility model can be used as a substitute product of the 'water source heat pump unit' in the current industry; when the utility model is used as a heat pump and the low-temperature heat source is an air source, the utility model can be used as a substitute product of a heat source tower heat pump heat supply unit in the current industry without brine regeneration; the utility model can be used as a steam generator to supply steam instead of petrochemical fuel and the like; furthermore, the utility model discloses can regard as life hot water manufacture equipment, and when making life hot water for air source heat pump, it not only can heat, can also make water simultaneously, draws moisture from the air promptly for free.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model provides a pair of air conditioner refrigeration heat supply unit's overall structure principle sketch map based on siphon principle.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the water chiller according to the present invention, and the heat absorbing device is disposed inside the evaporation container.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the unit of the present invention as a combined cooling and heating unit or a water source heat pump type heat supply unit, and an embodiment of the heat absorbing device is disposed inside the evaporation container.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the unit as an air source heat pump type heat supply unit, in which the heat absorption device adopts a heat source tower and is arranged above the high-level water tank.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which the heat absorbing device employs a plate heat exchanger and is disposed on a refrigerant water system line.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a refrigerant water system with a cooling user connected in series with the refrigerant water system as a heat sink.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which a heat absorber device is placed in a low-level water tank and a floating coil type heat exchanger is adopted.

Fig. 8a is a schematic configuration diagram of the steam heat utilization unit as the heating unit.

Fig. 8b is a schematic structural view of the steam heat utilization unit as a steam supply unit.

Fig. 8c is a schematic structural view of the steam heat utilization unit as a domestic hot water supply unit.

Fig. 8d is a schematic structural view of the steam heat utilization unit as a domestic hot water supply unit.

In the figure: 1-an evaporation vessel; 2-a steam heat utilization unit; 3-a low level water tank; 4-high level water tank; 5-internal circulation pump; 6-siphon start pump; 7-a vapor compressor; 8-an exhaust valve; 9-a heat absorbing device water inlet pipe; 10-a water outlet pipe of the heat absorption device; 11-automatic water replenishing device; 12-a heating heat exchanger; 13-heating water inlet pipe; 14-heating water outlet pipe; 15-a condensate recovery device; 16-a vapor supply compressor; 17-a steam supply pipe; 18-hot water heat exchanger; 19-domestic hot water inlet pipe; 20-domestic hot water outlet pipe; 21 a-the level of the lower tank; 21 b-the level of the head tank; 22-a heat sink;23-a heating unit; 24-a steam supply unit; 25-domestic hot water supply unit; 26-domestic hot water producing and supplying unit; 27-a heat preservation water spraying chamber; 28-vapor-liquid interface of vaporization vessel; 29-steam heat utilization unit on-off valve; 30-a steam evacuation valve; 31-steam evacuation pipe; 32-overflow pipe; 33-a water escape valve; 34-liquid level regulating device; h is ₁ -a level difference between the liquid level of the head tank and the vapour-liquid interface of the evaporation vessel; h is ₂ -the level difference between the high level tank and the low level tank.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the structure and the embodiments of the present invention, the structure, principle and operation of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is the utility model provides a based on the overall structure principle sketch map of air conditioner refrigeration heat supply unit of siphon principle. The unit comprises a refrigerant water system, a refrigerant steam system, an automatic water replenishing device 11 and a liquid level adjusting device 34 for adjusting the refrigeration temperature; the refrigerant water system comprises a high-level water tank 4, a siphon starting pump 6, an evaporation container 1, a low-level water tank 3, a heat absorbing device 22 for providing heat required by refrigerant evaporation and corresponding connecting pipelines; the bottom water outlet of the low-level water tank 3 is connected with the upper water inlet of the high-level water tank 4 through a pipeline, and an internal circulating pump 5 is arranged on the pipeline; the siphon starting pump 6 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the high-level water tank 4 and the evaporation container 1, an inlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump 6 is inserted below the liquid level in the high-level water tank 4, and an outlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump is connected with the evaporation container 1; a pipe leading from the evaporation vessel 1 to the low level water tank 3 is inserted below the liquid level in the low level water tank; a vent valve 8 and a refrigerant vapor system are arranged at the top of the evaporation container 1; the refrigerant steam system is sequentially connected with the steam compressor 7, the steam emptying pipe 31 and the steam heat utilization unit 2 through pipelines; a steam evacuation valve 30 is installed on the steam evacuation pipe 31; a steam heat utilization unit open/close valve 29 is attached to the inlet pipe of the steam heat utilization unit 2.

Height difference h between liquid level 21b of head tank and gas-liquid interface 28 of evaporation container ₁ Preferably more than 0 m and less than 10.5 m: liquid level difference h between high level water tank and low level water tank ₂ Preferably 1-10 meters; h is ₁ The larger the evaporation pressure of the refrigerant water in the evaporation vessel 1, the lower the evaporation temperature thereof, that is, the lower the refrigerating temperature. h is ₁ The value of (d) corresponds to the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant water, h ₁ When the pressure is close to 0 m, the water is gasified at the pressure close to 1 standard atmosphere, namely the corresponding evaporation temperature is close to 100 ℃ at the time, h ₁ Evaporation temperature near 0 deg.C at 10.5 m, and correlation between other parameters, see "water and steam thermodynamic diagrams (second edition); liquid level difference h between high level water tank and low level water tank ₂ As a siphon driving force for overcoming the on-way resistance between the high level tank 4 and the low level tank 3.

Liquid level regulating device 34 can adopt the structure that contains level gauge and variable volume gasbag, generally install on head tank 4. The height difference h between the liquid level of the high-level water tank and the gas-liquid interface of the evaporation container is adjusted by changing the volume of the air bag ₁ (ii) a With h ₁ The pressure of the refrigerant water in the evaporation container changes correspondingly, and the evaporation temperature changes accordingly, so that the aim of adjusting the refrigeration temperature is fulfilled; in addition to the above-described structure, the liquid level adjusting device 34 may also adopt other types of structures.

In order to replenish the refrigerant water evaporated in the evaporation vessel in time during operation of the unit, an automatic water replenishing device 11 is installed in the unit, preferably on the low level tank 3, but also on the high level tank 4.

A heat sink 22 for providing the required heat of refrigerant evaporation can install in evaporation vessel 1, low level water tank 3 or high level water tank 4's inside according to specific design, or set up on refrigerant water system's arbitrary connecting pipeline, also or set up in high level water tank top. If the heat absorber 22 is installed inside the evaporation vessel, the heat absorber adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger (as shown in fig. 1) integrated with the evaporation vessel; if the heat absorber 22 is placed in the high-level water tank or the low-level water tank, the heat absorber adopts a floating plate tube type heat exchanger (as shown in fig. 7); if the heat absorption device is arranged on any connecting pipeline of the refrigerant water system, the heat absorption device adopts a plate type heat exchanger (as shown in figure 5) or a cooling user is taken as the heat absorption device and is directly connected to the pipeline of the refrigerant water system (as shown in figure 6); if the heat absorber is disposed above the head tank, the heat absorber employs a heat source tower (as shown in fig. 4) that extracts heat from the air.

According to the heat source kind difference that heat sink 22 is connected, the utility model discloses can regard as different units to use: if the heat source connected with the heat absorption device 22 is the chilled water of the cooling user and only supplies cold, the utility model can be used as a water chilling unit; if the heat source connected with the heat absorption device 22 is chilled water for cooling users and simultaneously supplies cold and heat, the utility model is used as a combined cooling and heating unit; if the heat source connected with the heat absorption device 22 is various natural water sources or life production waste heat water sources and is used for heat supply, the utility model is used as a water source heat pump unit; if the heat source connected with the heat absorption device 22 is outdoor air or life production waste gas, the utility model is used as an air source heat pump unit; if the heat source that heat sink 22 connects is the heat source tower, then the utility model discloses a heat source tower heat pump set uses.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the water chilling unit according to the present invention, and an embodiment of the heat absorbing device disposed inside the evaporation container is different from the structure of fig. 1 in that the unit does not include the steam heat utilization unit 2. The water chilling unit comprises a refrigerant water system, a refrigerant steam system, an automatic water supplementing device 11 and a liquid level adjusting device 34 for adjusting refrigeration temperature; the refrigerant water system comprises a high-level water tank 4, a siphon starting pump 6, an evaporation container 1, a low-level water tank 3 and a heat absorbing device 22 for providing heat required by refrigerant evaporation; the bottom water outlet of the low-level water tank 3 is connected with the upper water inlet of the high-level water tank 4 through a pipeline, and an internal circulating pump 5 is arranged on the pipeline; an inlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump 6 is inserted below the liquid level in the high-level water tank 4, and an outlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump is connected with the evaporation container 1; a pipe leading from the evaporation vessel 1 to the low level water tank 3 is inserted below the liquid level in the low level water tank 3; a vent valve 8 and a refrigerant vapor system are arranged at the top of the evaporation container 1; the refrigerant vapor system includes a vapor compressor 7, a vapor evacuation pipe 31, and a vapor evacuation valve 30 mounted on the evacuation line. A heat sink 22 is arranged inside the evaporation vessel 1, which is combined with the evaporation vessel 1 to form a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

When the utility model is used as a water chilling unit, the heat source of the heat absorption device 22 is firstly communicated, so that the heat absorption device in the refrigerant water system is in a working state; opening an exhaust valve 8, starting a siphon starting pump 6 and an internal circulating pump 5, and closing the exhaust valve 8 and the siphon starting pump 6 when air in a pipeline between the high-level water tank 4, the evaporation container 1 and the low-level water tank 3 is exhausted and the pipeline is filled with refrigerant water with the temperature of more than 0 ℃ and less than 100 ℃ so that the refrigerant water in the pipeline flows under the siphon action; the liquid level difference h between the high-level water tank and the low-level water tank is realized by using an automatic water replenishing device 11 and an internal circulating pump 5 ₂ Stabilizing; according to the target refrigeration temperature, the level difference h between the liquid level 21b of the high-level water tank and the gas-liquid interface 28 of the evaporation container is adjusted by a liquid level adjusting device 34 ₁ Make the refrigerant water in-h ₁ Vaporizing under the pressure of the water column of rice; starting a vapor compressor 7 to enable the water vapor of the refrigerant to be at least boosted to be more than 1 standard atmospheric pressure under the action of the vapor compressor, and simultaneously opening a vapor emptying valve 30 to discharge the water vapor of the refrigerant into the atmosphere through a vapor emptying pipe 31; the water acts as a refrigerant and the heat required for its evaporation is provided by a heat sink 22 embedded in the evaporation vessel 1. The heat source (cryogenic low temperature heat source) that heat sink 22 communicates adopts the water source, and the wet return and the delivery pipe of cooling user's refrigerated water are connected respectively to heat sink inlet tube 9 and heat sink outlet pipe 10 promptly, and water and refrigerant water in the water source carry out the heat exchange, and along with the evaporation of refrigerant water, the temperature that makes the water that comes from the water source reduces, forms the refrigerated water and supplies to cooling user, can make the utility model relates to a cooling water set uses. The evaporation capacity of the refrigerant water in the evaporation container 1 is continuously supplemented to the low-level water tank 3 by the automatic water supplementing device 11, and the chilled water with the temperature of more than 0 ℃ and less than 100 ℃ can be prepared.

To obtain the temperature T of the supplied water _cg Temperature of =7 ℃ and backwater temperature T _ch Cold at =12 ℃Taking frozen water as an example, taking the atmospheric pressure as P _o =0.101325MPa, heat exchange temperature difference dT between refrigerant water and chilled water _e =1 ℃, and under a stable working condition, the method for determining the main operating parameters of the water chilling unit comprises the following steps:

evaporation temperature T of refrigerant water _e ：T _e =T _cg -dT _e =7-1=6℃。

According to T _e =6 ℃, look at water and water vapour thermodynamic properties diagram (second edition) can obtain: vaporization pressure P of refrigerant water _e =0.0009352MPa, latent heat of vaporization r _e =2486.3kJ/kg, enthalpy after vaporization h _e =2511.55kJ/kg; because 1MPa is equal to 103.36 meters of water column approximately, the level difference h between the liquid level of the head tank and the gas-liquid interface of the evaporation container ₁ =(P _o -P _e ) 103.36=10.376 meters; evacuation pressure P of refrigerant vapor _d It is required to reach more than 1 standard atmospheric pressure, and the residual pressure value is not taken to be 5kPa, so that: p _d =P _o +0.005=0.106325mpa; according to P _d Value look-up water and steam thermodynamic diagram (second edition) can obtain enthalpy value h when refrigerant steam is exhausted _d =2677.85kJ/kg。

The theoretical refrigeration coefficient C of the water chilling unit can be calculated according to the above _ci ：C _ci =r _e /(h _d -h _e ) 2486.3/(2677.85-2511.55) =14.95; by contrast, the theoretical refrigeration coefficient of conventional vapor compression cycle refrigeration is C according to the reverse Carnot cycle principle _{ci_tra} And (273.15 + 6)/(40-6) =8.21 (in the formula, "40" is a conventional condensation temperature value), and the difference is obvious.

As for the liquid level difference h between the high level tank and the low level tank ₂ H of ₂ The water pressure of the water column is used for overcoming the flow resistance of the refrigerant water from the high-level water tank to the low-level water tank, and according to the structure shown in fig. 2, the resistance comprises the pipe section resistance from the high-level water tank to the evaporation container, the resistance in the evaporation container and the pipe section resistance from the evaporation container to the low-level water tank, and the values of the resistance are respectively as follows according to the conventional method: 1 meter water column, 3 meters water column, 1 meter water column, then the total resistance is 5 meters water column promptly, has: h is a total of ₂ =5 m.

The water chilling unit based on the siphon principle can be used as a substitute product of various water chilling units for refrigeration in the market at present, and compared with a conventional water chilling unit, the water chilling unit has the advantages of simple structure (no need of complex equipment such as a condenser and a cooling tower and a matching system), wide refrigeration temperature range, high theoretical efficiency and the like; the water-cooling heat-extraction system can also be used as a substitute product of a 0-100 ℃ cooling heat-extraction system which exists in the current industrial field, and compared with a common industrial heat-extraction system, the water-cooling heat-extraction system has the advantages of wide water temperature adjusting range, convenience in adjustment, no dependence on weather and the like, no need of a cooling tower and a matching system and the like.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a heat and cold cogeneration unit or a water source heat pump type heat supply unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a heat absorbing device is disposed inside an evaporation container. In contrast to fig. 1, the steam heat utilization unit 2 is an essential component of the unit; the system comprises a refrigerant water system, a refrigerant steam system, an automatic water replenishing device 11 and a liquid level adjusting device 34 for adjusting the refrigeration temperature; the refrigerant water system comprises a high-level water tank 4, a siphon starting pump 6, an evaporation container 1, a low-level water tank 3 and a heat absorption device 22 for providing heat required by refrigerant evaporation; the bottom water outlet of the low-level water tank 3 is connected with the upper water inlet of the high-level water tank 4 through a pipeline, and an internal circulating pump 5 is arranged on the pipeline; an inlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump 6 is inserted below the liquid level in the high-level water tank 4, and an outlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump is connected with the evaporation container 1; a pipe leading from the evaporation vessel 1 to the low level water tank 3 is inserted below the liquid level in the low level water tank 3; a vent valve 8 and a refrigerant vapor system are arranged at the top of the evaporation container 1; the refrigerant steam system comprises a steam compressor 7, a steam emptying pipe 31 and a steam heat utilization unit 2 in sequence; a steam evacuation valve 30 is installed on the steam evacuation pipe, and a steam heat utilization unit switching valve 29 is installed on the inlet pipe of the steam heat utilization unit 2; the evaporation vessel 1 is provided with a heat sink 22 inside, which is combined with the evaporation vessel 1 to form a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

The steam heat utilization unit 2 may employ one or a combination of several of a heating unit 23 (fig. 8 a) of a heating demand user, a steam supply unit 24 (fig. 8 b) of a steam demand user, a domestic hot water supply unit 25 (fig. 8 c) of a domestic hot water heating user, and a domestic hot water supply unit 26 (fig. 8 d) of a domestic hot water heating user.

When the unit works as a combined heat and cold supply unit or a water source heat pump type heat supply unit, the exhaust valve 8 is opened, and the siphon start pump 6 and the internal circulating pump 5 are started; when the air in the pipelines among the high-level water tank 4, the evaporation container 1 and the low-level water tank 3 is exhausted and the pipelines are filled with refrigerant water with the temperature of more than 0 ℃ and less than 100 ℃, closing the exhaust valve 8 and the siphon starting pump 5 to enable the refrigerant water in the pipelines to flow under the siphon action; simultaneously, an automatic water replenishing device 11 and an internal circulating pump 5 are utilized to ensure that the liquid level difference h between the high-level water tank and the low-level water tank is higher than that h ₂ Stabilizing; according to the heat source temperature of the heat absorbing device 22, the level difference h between the liquid level of the head tank and the gas-liquid interface of the evaporation container is adjusted by the liquid level adjusting device 34 ₁ Make the refrigerant water in-h ₁ Vaporizing under the pressure of the water column to form refrigerant water vapor; starting a vapor compressor 7 to ensure that the water vapor of the refrigerant is at least boosted to more than 1 standard atmospheric pressure under the action of the vapor compressor; and closing the steam evacuation valve 30, opening the steam heat utilization unit switch valve 29, and supplying the vaporized and boosted water steam to the steam heat utilization unit 2, namely serving as a heat supply unit or a combined cooling and heating unit. The water acts as a refrigerant and the heat required for its evaporation is provided by a heat sink 22 embedded in the evaporation vessel 1. When the heat pump unit is used as a combined cooling and heating unit, the heat source (a low-temperature heat source for refrigeration) connected with the heat absorber 22 is chilled water, namely, the heat absorber water inlet pipe 9 and the heat absorber water outlet pipe 10 are respectively connected with a water return pipe and a water supply pipe of chilled water for cooling users; when the heat pump unit is used as a water source heat pump unit for supplying heat, the heat source connected with the heat absorption device 22 is various natural or life production waste heat water sources.

The water is used as a refrigerant, the refrigerating water with the temperature of more than 0 ℃ and less than 100 ℃ can be prepared and simultaneously used for supplying heat, heating water with the temperature of 25 ℃ to 95 ℃ can be provided, or steam with the pressure of 0.1MPa to 1.2MPa can be prepared, or domestic hot water with the temperature of 40 ℃ to 70 ℃ can be prepared and supplied, and the like, so that the unit can be used as a water chilling unit and simultaneously used for supplying heat in various forms.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle that the heat absorbing device of the air source heat pump type heat supply unit of the present invention adopts a heat source tower and is disposed above the high-level water tank. The structure of the unit is different from that of figure 3: a heat sink 22 is provided above the head tank and takes the form of a heat source tower that extracts heat from the air.

Water is used as a refrigerant, and a proper amount of calcium chloride, sodium chloride and the like can be added into the water to prevent the water from freezing. By adopting a heat supply unit of a heat source tower for taking heat from air and combining different types of steam heat utilization units (as shown in fig. 8a, 8b, 8c and 8 d), various heat load requirements with different grades can be met, such as: preparing hot water circulating water with the temperature of more than 25 ℃ to 100 ℃; supplying domestic hot water of 40-70 deg.C; steam is supplied at an absolute pressure of 0.1MPa to 1.2MPa, etc.

For example, the supply water temperature T is obtained by using the steam heat utilization unit shown in FIG. 8a at an outdoor air temperature of 7 ℃ and a relative humidity of 70% _hg =50 ℃ and backwater temperature T _hh Heating circulating water of =40 ℃ is taken as an example, in this case, refrigerant steam entering the steam heat utilization unit 2 firstly enters the heating heat exchanger 12, is condensed after exchanging heat with the heating circulating water, and is then recycled, the temperature of the heating circulating water entering the heating heat exchanger 12 is 40 ℃, and the temperature of the heating circulating water leaving the heating heat exchanger 12 is 50 ℃. The unit can be used as a substitute product of common air source heat pumps and heat source tower heat pump systems on the market at present, and compared with the traditional technical products, the unit has the outstanding advantages of high theoretical efficiency, simple structure, no need of brine regeneration and the like.

The basic structure of the unit shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7 is basically unchanged from that of fig. 1, except that the installation position and the structural form of the heat absorbing device are changed. The heat absorbing device in fig. 5 adopts a plate heat exchanger and is arranged on a pipeline connecting the low-level water tank and the high-level water tank. Fig. 6 illustrates a cooling user directly connected in series to a connection pipe between the low-level tank and the high-level tank as a heat sink, that is, water as a refrigerant is simultaneously used as chilled water to the cooling user. Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which a heat absorber device is placed in a low-level water tank and a floating coil type heat exchanger is adopted.

Fig. 8a to 8d are schematic structural diagrams of the steam heat utilization unit as a heating unit, a steam supply unit, a domestic hot water supply unit and a domestic hot water supply unit, respectively.

When the steam heat utilization unit 2 is used as a heating unit 23 (as shown in fig. 8 a), the heating unit includes a heating heat exchanger 12, a heating water inlet pipe 13, a heating water outlet pipe 14 and a condensate water recovery device 15; the water vapor discharged by the vapor compressor 7 is connected to the heating heat exchanger 12, and is recycled by the condensed water recycling device 15 after exchanging heat with the heating circulating water. The water inlet and the water outlet on the other side of the heating heat exchanger 12 are respectively connected with a heating water inlet pipe 13 and a heating water outlet pipe 14; can prepare heating water with different temperatures required by common heating, namely heating water with the temperature of 25-95 ℃.

When the steam heat utilization unit 2 is used as the steam supply unit 24 (as shown in fig. 8 b), the water vapor discharged from the steam compressor 7 is connected to the steam supply compressor 16, and then the water vapor discharged from the steam compressor 7 is compressed to the required steam pressure and temperature by the steam supply compressor 16 and is supplied to the steam user through the steam supply pipe 17, so that the steam with the pressure of 0.1MPa to 1.2MPa can be prepared.

When the steam heat utilization unit 2 is used as the domestic hot water supply unit 25 (as shown in fig. 8 c), the domestic hot water supply unit includes the condensed water recovery device 15, the hot water heat exchanger 18, the domestic hot water inlet pipe 19, and the domestic hot water outlet pipe 20; in the domestic hot water supply unit 25, the water vapor discharged by the vapor compressor 7 is connected to the hot water heat exchanger 18, and the condensed water after heat exchange enters the condensed water recovery device 15 for recovery and utilization; the other side inlet and outlet of the hot water heat exchanger 18 are respectively connected with a domestic hot water inlet pipe 19 and a domestic hot water outlet pipe 20; typical operating conditions are as follows: the water inlet temperature is 45 ℃, and the water outlet temperature is 50 ℃.

When the steam heat utilization unit 2 is used as a domestic hot water supply unit 26 (as shown in fig. 8 d), the domestic hot water supply unit comprises a heat-preservation spray chamber 27, a domestic hot water inlet pipe 19, a domestic hot water outlet pipe 20 and an automatic water replenishing device 11, in the domestic hot water supply unit 26, the steam discharged by the steam compressor 7 is connected to the heat-preservation spray chamber 27, is mixed with the domestic hot water from the domestic hot water inlet pipe 19 and then is supplied to a domestic hot water user through the domestic hot water outlet pipe 20, so that the domestic hot water can be supplied, and the domestic hot water with the temperature of 25-100 ℃ can be supplied for other purposes. The heat preservation water spraying chamber 27 needs to be provided with an automatic water replenishing device 11, and the water mixing ratio is determined by the required domestic hot water temperature.

The utility model provides an each part, if do not have the special explanation, are conventional equipment to can dispose many parallelly connected or series operation according to the demand. The vapor compressor 7 and the vapor supply compressor 16 may be electrically driven in a centrifugal type, a screw type, or the like, or may be electrically non-driven in a vapor jet pump or the like.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an air conditioner refrigeration heat supply unit based on siphon principle which characterized in that: the unit comprises a refrigerant water system, a refrigerant steam system, an automatic water replenishing device (11) and a liquid level adjusting device (34); the refrigerant water system comprises a high-level water tank (4), a siphon starting pump (6), an evaporation container (1), a low-level water tank (3) and a heat absorption device (22) for providing heat required by refrigerant evaporation; the bottom water outlet of the low-level water tank is connected with the upper water inlet of the high-level water tank through a pipeline, and an internal circulating pump (5) is arranged on the pipeline; an inlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump (6) is inserted below the liquid level in the high-level water tank (4), and an outlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump is connected with the evaporation container (1); the evaporation container (1) is inserted below the liquid level in the low-level water tank (3) through a pipeline connected with the low-level water tank through a pipeline; the top of the evaporation container (1) is provided with an exhaust valve (8) and a refrigerant vapor system; the refrigerant steam system sequentially comprises a steam compressor (7), a steam emptying pipe (31) and a steam heat utilization unit (2), and a steam heat utilization unit switch valve (29) is installed on an inlet pipeline of the steam heat utilization unit (2); the heat absorption device (22) is arranged in the evaporation container (1), the low-level water tank (3) or the high-level water tank (4), or arranged on any connecting pipeline of the refrigerant water system, or arranged above the high-level water tank (4).

2. An air conditioning refrigerating and heating unit based on siphon principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and an inlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump (6) is inserted into the lower part of the high-level water tank (4) below the liquid level.

3. An air conditioning refrigerating and heating unit based on siphon principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the evaporation container (1) is inserted into the lower part of the low-level water tank (3) below the liquid level through a pipeline connected with the low-level water tank through a pipeline.

4. An air conditioning refrigerating and heating unit based on siphon principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the level difference h between the liquid level (21 b) of the high-level water tank and the gas-liquid interface (28) of the evaporation container ₁ Is greater than 0 meters and less than 10.5 meters; the liquid level difference h between the high-level water tank (4) and the low-level water tank (3) ₂ Is 1-10 m.

5. An air conditioning refrigerating and heating unit based on siphon principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the automatic water replenishing device (11) is arranged on the low-level water tank (3).

6. An air conditioning refrigerating and heating unit based on siphon principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a steam evacuation valve (30) is mounted on the steam evacuation pipe (31).

7. An air conditioning refrigerating and heating unit based on siphon principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liquid level adjusting device (34) comprises a liquid level meter and a variable volume air bag and is arranged on the high-level water tank (4).

8. An air conditioning refrigerating and heating unit based on the siphon principle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: if the heat absorption device (22) is arranged in the evaporation container, the heat absorption device (22) adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger which is integrated with the evaporation container; if the heat absorption device (22) is arranged in the high-level water tank or the low-level water tank, the heat absorption device adopts a floating disc tubular heat exchanger; if the heat absorption device (22) is arranged on any connecting pipeline of the refrigerant water system, the heat absorption device adopts a plate heat exchanger, or a cooling user is directly connected to the pipeline of the refrigerant water system as the heat absorption device; if the heat absorber is arranged above the high-level water tank, the heat absorber adopts a heat source tower for taking heat from the air.

9. An air conditioning refrigerating and heating unit based on siphon principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the steam heat utilization unit (2) adopts one or a combination of a plurality of heating units (23) of heating demand users, steam supply units (24) of steam demand users, domestic hot water supply units (25) of domestic hot water heat users and domestic hot water supply units (26) of domestic hot water heat users.