CN218362121U - Cutter loosening oil cylinder applied to high-speed spindle of five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a be applied to five-axis linkage digit control machine tool high-speed main shaft's pine sword hydro-cylinder, pine sword hydro-cylinder structure mainly divide into triplex, and pine sword hydro-cylinder part, rotary joint portion, signal feedback part, pine sword hydro-cylinder part has cylinder shell, hydro-cylinder end cover, pine sword piston ring, and rotary joint portion installs in the hydro-cylinder end cover centre bore, rotary joint portion has floating seal cover, static friction sealing ring, dynamic friction sealing ring, rotary joint axle, bearing mounting disc, top push spring, floating seal cover bayonet lock, bolt, signal feedback part has threely, including pine sword inductive signal, broach induction signal, main shaft idle cutter induction signal, this pine sword hydro-cylinder can very conveniently assemble to five-axis linkage digit control machine tool high-speed main shaft, and supplementary five-axis linkage digit control machine tool is used high-speed cutting technique.

Description

Cutter loosening oil cylinder applied to high-speed spindle of five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a machine tool component field specifically indicates a be applied to quick-witted spindle's of five-axis linkage digit control machine tool slack sword hydro-cylinder.

Background

Compared with a three-axis numerical control machine tool, a traditional three-axis numerical control machine tool is provided with three linear axes of XYZ, and can only process relatively simple workpieces in one direction, more and more high-precision products are needed along with the high-speed development of the country, the high-precision products not only need to be processed in a precise surface quality, but also need to be in a complex polyhedral shape or a complex curved surface shape, and two rotating shafts need to be added at the time to complete the processing of the complex curved surface and the complex polyhedral shape. The five-axis linkage machining has the advantages that: the process that the three-axis numerical control machine tool needs to be clamped and machined for multiple times can be finished by one-time clamping, so that the clamp cost is saved, the geometric form and position precision of machining is guaranteed, the clamping auxiliary time is saved, and the machining efficiency is greatly improved; the tool cost is saved, the effective cutting edge length of the tool can be increased in the process of machining by the five-axis linkage numerical control machine, the cutting force is reduced, and the service life of the tool is prolonged; and thirdly, higher machining surface precision can be obtained, complex smooth transition curved surface machining needs to be carried out by using a ball end milling cutter, when the three-axis numerical control machine tool uses the ball end milling cutter, the point and point speed of a tool nose is zero during machining, the machined surface is rough, and when the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool uses the ball end milling cutter, the cutting of a ball end central point can be effectively avoided, so that good surface machining precision is obtained. A high-end numerical control machine tool capable of autonomously producing and manufacturing five-axis linkage and combining a high-speed cutting machining technology is an urgent need for high-end equipment in the national key field, the country has key points to encourage innovation and development, and domestic manufacturers capable of producing the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool also have vigorous development, but most key functional parts still adopt imported accessories, the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool has three types, one type is a workpiece which is driven by two rotating shafts and is to be machined, such as a cradle type workbench five-axis linkage machining center, the workbench for clamping the workpiece is small, and only a small workpiece can be machined; the second is that two revolving shafts drive the high-speed main shaft, the workbench is not limited and can be very large, and very large and complex workpieces can be processed, such as a five-axis gantry linkage processing center; the high-speed main shaft of the two five-axis linkage numerical control machines is installed in a main shaft installation hole or on support shafts at two sides of the main shaft and can be driven to do swinging motion, and the high-speed main shaft is required to be compact in structure and complete in functions and can be assembled into a whole due to space constraint.

Therefore, a cutter loosening oil cylinder applied to a high-speed main shaft of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool needs to be researched urgently.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is, for the high-speed main shaft of cooperation five-axis linkage digit control machine tool, provide a compact structure, have the pine sword function and have the rotary joint function concurrently, signal feedback's pine sword hydro-cylinder.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a technical scheme does: a knife loosening oil cylinder applied to a high-speed spindle of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is mainly divided into three parts, namely a knife loosening oil cylinder part, a rotary joint part and a signal feedback part, wherein the knife loosening oil cylinder part is provided with an oil cylinder shell, an oil cylinder end cover and a knife loosening piston ring, the contact surface between any two parts is sealed by an oil seal, the oil cylinder shell and the oil cylinder end cover are connected and fastened by bolts, a flange step for facilitating installation of the knife loosening oil cylinder is arranged on the oil cylinder shell, an installation bolt hole is arranged on the oil cylinder shell, two notches are formed in the flange step end of the oil cylinder shell and are convenient to be matched with the high-speed spindle to assemble a rotating speed feedback encoder, a broach oil pressure port is directly communicated with an oil cylinder on the outer diameter of the oil cylinder shell, the signal feedback part is also installed, a knife loosening oil pressure port, a high-pressure water port and an air source port are arranged on the oil cylinder end cover, an oil pressure channel is arranged on the oil cylinder part and a high-pressure water channel, the joint part is arranged on the rotary joint part, the high-pressure water channel and the air source channel and is provided with a one-way valve for preventing reverse backflow, the outer edge of the oil cylinder end cover is provided with a notch of which is arranged on the outer edge of the oil cylinder end cover and is convenient to be matched with the high-speed spindle to connect and match the power line; the rotary joint part is arranged in a central hole of the oil cylinder end cover, the rotary joint part is provided with a floating seal sleeve, a static friction seal ring, a dynamic friction seal ring, a rotary joint shaft, a bearing mounting disc, a pushing spring, a floating seal sleeve bayonet lock and a bolt, the static friction seal ring is fixedly arranged on the floating seal sleeve, an oil seal is arranged between the outer diameter of the floating seal sleeve and the inner diameter of the central hole of the oil cylinder end cover, the bearing mounting disc is axially connected with the oil cylinder end cover by two bolts, the oil seal is arranged between the outer diameter and the inner hole of the oil cylinder end cover, the bearing is arranged in the inner hole of the bearing mounting disc, an axial snap spring is fixed, and a bearing inner ring is assembled on the outer diameter of the rotary joint shaft, the dynamic friction sealing ring is fixedly arranged at the shaft end of the rotary joint shaft, the dynamic friction sealing ring at the shaft end of the rotary joint shaft and the static friction sealing ring on the floating sealing sleeve are both precise mirror surfaces, the sealing connection of a static channel part of a high-pressure water or gas source channel and a rotary channel part is completed, the pushing spring pushes the floating sealing sleeve to ensure the static friction sealing ring to be always contacted with the dynamic friction sealing ring, the outer diameter of a bayonet lock of the floating sealing sleeve is provided with threads and is connected with a threaded hole of an end cover of an oil cylinder, the front end unthreaded part of the floating sealing sleeve is clamped in a U-shaped notch which is symmetrical to a stepped flange surface at the outer diameter of the floating sealing sleeve, and the floating sealing sleeve is clamped not to rotate along with the rotary joint shaft; the three signal feedback parts comprise a tool loosening sensing signal, a tool pulling in-place sensing signal and a main shaft empty tool sensing signal, and each signal feedback part comprises a proximity sensing switch, a mounting plate and two mounting bolts;

the utility model has the advantages that:

the tool loosening oil cylinder is compact in structure, functions of the tool loosening oil cylinder and the rotary joint are integrated, and the rotary joint part is assembled in a center hole of an oil cylinder end cover.

The tool loosening oil cylinder is convenient to install, a flange step which is convenient for installing the tool loosening oil cylinder is arranged on an oil cylinder shell, an installing bolt hole is formed in the oil cylinder shell, and two notches are formed in the flange step end of the oil cylinder shell, so that a rotating speed feedback encoder can be conveniently assembled in cooperation with a high-speed spindle; the outer edge of the oil cylinder end cover is provided with a notch with one third of the circumference of the outer edge, so that the oil cylinder end cover is conveniently matched with a high-speed main shaft to connect and match a power line; all oil pipes, high-pressure water pipes and air source pipe openings can be gathered towards the same direction, so that the oil pipes, the high-pressure water pipes and the air source pipe openings can be conveniently connected with matched pipes for protection, the whole cutter loosening oil cylinder can be conveniently integrated and assembled to a high-speed main shaft of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, and a shell is additionally arranged for protection.

The rotary joint function of the cutter releasing oil cylinder can conveniently introduce high-pressure cutting water, a check valve is concealed in the cutter releasing oil cylinder, one of application conditions of a high-speed cutting technology can be met, a high-pressure cooling water is provided for cooling a machining cutter, and the high-speed cutting technology of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is effectively assisted;

the rotary joint function of the tool releasing oil cylinder can conveniently guide an air source, a check valve is concealed in the rotary joint function, when a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is used for automatically changing tools at a high speed, a spindle taper hole can be quickly cleaned, repeated positioning precision after tool changing is guaranteed, and stability of automatic tool changing is guaranteed.

Fifthly, the signal feedback parts of the tool releasing oil cylinder are three, comprise a tool releasing sensing signal, a tool drawing in-place sensing signal and a main shaft empty tool sensing signal, can feed back a very accurate signal of the tool holding state of the main shaft end to a numerical control system, can avoid error judgment caused by the tool holding state,

the phenomenon of cutter collision when automatic cutter changing occurs ensures the stability of quick cutter changing.

According to the conclusion, the tool releasing oil cylinder can be conveniently assembled to the high-speed main shaft of the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, and assists the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool in applying a high-speed cutting technology.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an appearance diagram 1 of a cutter loosening oil cylinder applied to a high-speed spindle of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

FIG. 2 is an external view of a tool releasing cylinder applied to a high-speed spindle of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a tool releasing cylinder applied to a high-speed spindle of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

FIG. 4 is a left side view of a tool releasing cylinder applied to a high-speed spindle of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

FIG. 5 isbase:Sub>A sectional view ofbase:Sub>A cutter releasing cylinder A-A applied tobase:Sub>A high-speed spindle ofbase:Sub>A five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a cutter releasing cylinder E-E applied to a high-speed spindle of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of an example of a tool releasing cylinder applied to a high-speed spindle and a tool pulling mechanism of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool high-speed spindle.

FIG. 8 is a partial view of an example of a tool releasing cylinder applied to a high-speed spindle and a tool pulling mechanism of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

FIG. 9 is a partial view of an example of a tool releasing state of a tool releasing cylinder applied to a high-speed spindle of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

As shown in fig. 1: a. the device comprises an air source interface, a high-pressure water interface, a cutter loosening oil pressure interface and a cutter loosening oil pressure interface;

as shown in fig. 3: d. a broach oil pressure interface, e, a broach loosing induction signal, f, a broach in-place induction signal, g, a main shaft idle induction signal;

as shown in fig. 5: 1. the oil cylinder comprises an oil cylinder shell, 2, an oil cylinder end cover, 3, a cutter loosening piston ring, 4, a pushing spring, 5, a floating seal sleeve, 6, a static friction seal ring, 7, a dynamic friction seal ring, 8, a rotary joint shaft, 9, a one-way valve, 10, a bearing mounting disc, 11, a bearing, 12 and a bolt;

as shown in fig. 6: 13. a floating seal cartridge bayonet;

as shown in fig. 8: 14. a tool loosening bearing disc 15, a rear end cover of a main shaft rotating shaft core 16, a main shaft rotating shaft core 17, a broach rod 18 and a rear end cover of a high-speed main shaft.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A cutter loosening oil cylinder applied to a high-speed spindle of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is structurally shown in figures 1 and 2, the cutter loosening oil cylinder is mainly divided into three parts, a cutter loosening oil cylinder part, a rotary joint part and a signal feedback part, the structure is shown in figures 5 and 6, the cutter loosening oil cylinder part is provided with an oil cylinder shell 1, an oil cylinder end cover 2 and a cutter loosening piston ring 3, any contact surface between the oil cylinder shell 1 and the oil cylinder end cover 2 is sealed by an oil seal, the oil cylinder shell 1 and the oil cylinder end cover 2 are connected and fastened by bolts, a flange step facilitating installation of a cutter loosening oil cylinder is arranged on the oil cylinder shell and provided with an installation bolt hole, two notches are formed in the end of the flange step of the oil cylinder shell 1 and are convenient for being matched with a high-speed spindle to assemble a rotating speed feedback encoder, a broach oil pressure interface d is directly communicated with the oil cylinder and provided with an installation signal feedback part on the outer diameter of the oil cylinder shell 1, a cutter loosening oil pressure interface c, a high-pressure water interface b and an air source interface a gas source a one-way valve for being installed on the oil cylinder end cover and a high-speed spindle is matched with a power line outlet 4 along the perimeter of the outer side of the oil cylinder end cover; the rotary joint part is arranged in a central hole of an oil cylinder end cover and is provided with a floating seal sleeve 5, a static friction seal ring 6, a dynamic friction seal ring 7, a rotary joint shaft 8, a bearing 11, a bearing mounting disc 10, a pushing spring 4 and a floating seal sleeve bayonet 13, as shown in figure 6, the static friction seal ring 6 is fixedly arranged on the floating seal sleeve, an oil seal is arranged between the outer diameter of the floating seal sleeve and the inner diameter of the central hole of the oil cylinder end cover, the bearing mounting disc 10 and the oil cylinder end cover 2 are axially connected by two bolts 12, an oil seal is arranged between the outer diameter and the inner hole of the oil cylinder end cover, the bearing 11 is arranged in the inner hole of the bearing mounting disc and is fixed by an axial snap spring, the bearing inner ring is assembled on the outer diameter of the rotary joint shaft 8, the dynamic friction sealing ring 7 is fixedly installed at the shaft end of the rotary joint shaft, the dynamic friction sealing ring at the shaft end of the rotary joint shaft and the static friction sealing ring on the floating sealing sleeve are both precise mirror surfaces, the sealing connection of a static channel part of a high-pressure water or gas source channel and a rotary channel part is completed, the pushing spring 4 pushes the floating sealing sleeve 5 to ensure that the static friction sealing ring and the dynamic friction sealing ring are always contacted, the outer diameter of a clamping pin 13 of the floating sealing sleeve is provided with threads and is connected with a threaded hole of an oil cylinder end cover 2, the front end of the clamping pin 13 of the floating sealing sleeve is clamped at a U-shaped notch symmetrical to the outer diameter step flange surface of the floating sealing sleeve 5, and the floating sealing sleeve is clamped not to rotate along with the rotary joint shaft; the number of the signal feedback parts is three, the signal feedback parts comprise a tool loosening induction signal e, a tool pulling in-place induction signal f and a main shaft idle tool induction signal g, and each signal feedback part comprises a proximity induction switch, a mounting plate and two mounting bolts.

The structure of the broach mechanism applied to the application example of the tool loosening oil cylinder of the high-speed main shaft of the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is shown in figures 7 and 8, the tool loosening oil cylinder is installed on a rear end cover 18 of the high-speed main shaft and is fastened by bolts, a rotary joint shaft 8 of the tool loosening oil cylinder is inserted into an inner hole of a rear end cover 15 of a main shaft rotary shaft core and is in oil-sealed connection with the inner hole, high-pressure water or air introduced by the rotary joint enters a center hole 17 of the broach rod of the broach mechanism from the center hole and can be sprayed out from the front end of the main shaft rotary shaft core 16, the outer diameter of the rear end cover 15 of the main shaft rotary shaft core is provided with threads and is in threaded connection with the inner diameter of the rear end of the main shaft core 16, a proximity induction switch of a signal feedback part of the tool loosening oil cylinder senses the edge of a tool loosening bearing disc 14, a signal of what state the broach mechanism of the high-speed main shaft is in can be obtained, a tool loosening induction signal e feedback signal indicates that the main shaft broach mechanism is in a tool loosening state, a broach in-place induction signal f feedback signal indicates that the broach mechanism is in a broach in-place, and a broach induction signal indicates that a front taper hole of the main shaft core 16 is in a tool holder in a state, and a broach mechanism is in-taper hole, and a shank feedback signal g indicates that the spindle is in-taper hole, and the front taper hole, and the broach mechanism is in-taper mechanism is not in the state, and the broach mechanism is not in-taper mechanism. The signal feedback part of the tool releasing oil cylinder can feed back very accurate signals of the tool holding state of the main shaft end to the numerical control system. The phenomenon of cutter collision during automatic cutter changing due to the wrong judgment of the cutter holding state is avoided, and the stability of cutter changing of the high-speed spindle is ensured.

When the tool is loosened, a numerical control system outputs a signal to open an oil pressure solenoid valve coil and electrify, a tool loosening oil pressure interface c of the tool loosening oil cylinder is led in oil pressure to push a tool loosening piston ring 3 to move forwards, the tool loosening piston ring 3 is in contact with a tool loosening pressure bearing disc 14 and pushes the tool loosening pressure bearing disc to move forwards so as to push a cutter pulling rod 17 to move forwards, the edge of the tool loosening pressure bearing disc is sensed by a proximity sensing switch, a tool loosening sensing signal e feeds back a signal to the numerical control system, the numerical control system outputs a signal to stop electrifying the oil pressure solenoid valve coil to cut off the oil pressure of the tool loosening oil pressure interface c, an air source is led in from an air source interface a of an end cover of the oil cylinder along with the connection of a pneumatic solenoid valve, and the front end taper hole of a spindle rotating shaft core is cleaned, for example, the process from the state shown in figure 8 to the state shown in figure 9, an automatic tool changing manipulator changes tools and inserts into a taper hole at the front end of a spindle rotating shaft core, after a numerical control system receives an insertion in-place signal, the numerical control system outputs a signal to switch a coil of an oil pressure electromagnetic valve to be electrified, oil pressure is led in from a broach oil pressure interface d of an oil cylinder shell, a broach release piston ring 3 retracts to be completely separated from a contact broach release pressure bearing disc, the broach release pressure bearing disc retracts to a tensioning tool shank to stop due to the pushing of a disc spring of a broach mechanism, a broach in-place sensing signal f sends a signal to the numerical control system, and a complete action cycle of the broach release oil cylinder is finished, for example, the process from the state shown in the figure 9 to the state shown in the figure 8 is finished, a rear high-speed spindle can start to rotate, the numerical control system can open a water spraying electromagnetic valve, high-pressure cutting water is led in from a high-pressure water interface b of an end cover of the oil cylinder, and is sprayed out from the center of the tool shank installed on the high-speed spindle.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of the invention, "plurality" means two or more unless explicitly specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, fixed connections, detachable connections, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact between the first and second features, or may comprise contact between the first and second features not directly. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A knife loosening oil cylinder applied to a high-speed spindle of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is mainly structurally divided into three parts, namely a knife loosening oil cylinder part, a rotary joint part and a signal feedback part, and is characterized in that the knife loosening oil cylinder part is provided with an oil cylinder shell (1), an oil cylinder end cover (2) and a knife loosening piston ring (3), contact surfaces between the two parts are sealed by oil seals, the oil cylinder shell (1) and the oil cylinder end cover (2) are connected and fastened by bolts, a flange step facilitating installation of a knife loosening oil cylinder is arranged on the oil cylinder shell, a bolt installing hole is further formed in the oil cylinder shell, two notches are formed in the flange step end of the oil cylinder shell (1), a rotating speed feedback encoder is assembled by conveniently matching with the high-speed spindle, a broach oil pressure port (d) oil cylinder is arranged on the outer diameter of the oil cylinder shell (1), the signal feedback part is also installed, a knife loosening oil pressure port (c), a high pressure water port (b) and an air source port (a) are arranged on the oil cylinder end cover, an oil pressure channel is arranged on the oil cylinder end cover, a high-pressure channel, a high-pressure water channel and an air source channel is arranged at the inlet of the oil cylinder, and a one third of a power line outlet of the oil cylinder is conveniently matched with a notch along the high-speed spindle, and a perimeter of the high-speed spindle; the rotary joint part is arranged in a central hole of the oil cylinder end cover and is provided with a floating seal sleeve (5), a static friction seal ring (6), a dynamic friction seal ring (7), a rotary joint shaft (8), a bearing (11), a bearing mounting disc (10), a pushing spring (4) and a floating seal sleeve clamping pin (13), the static friction seal ring (6) is fixedly arranged on the floating seal sleeve, an oil seal is arranged between the outer diameter of the floating seal sleeve and the inner diameter of the central hole of the oil cylinder end cover for sealing, the bearing mounting disc (10) and the oil cylinder end cover (2) are axially connected by two bolts (12), an oil seal is arranged between the outer diameter and the inner hole of the oil cylinder end cover for sealing, the bearing (11) is arranged in the inner hole of the bearing mounting disc, and is axially fixed by a clamping spring, the bearing inner ring is assembled on the outer diameter of a rotary joint shaft (8), a dynamic friction sealing ring (7) is fixedly installed at the shaft end of the rotary joint shaft, the dynamic friction sealing ring at the shaft end of the rotary joint shaft and the static friction sealing ring on a floating sealing sleeve have contact surfaces which are both precise mirror surfaces, the sealing connection of a static channel part and a rotary channel part of a high-pressure water or gas source channel is completed, a pushing spring (4) pushes a floating sealing sleeve (5) to ensure the static friction sealing ring and the dynamic friction sealing ring to be always contacted, a floating sealing sleeve clamping pin (13) is threaded at the outer diameter and is connected with a threaded hole of an oil cylinder end cover (2), and a non-threaded part at the front end of the floating sealing sleeve (13) is clamped in a U-shaped notch symmetrical to a flange surface of a step of the outer diameter of the floating sealing sleeve (5), the floating seal sleeve is clamped and does not rotate along with the rotary joint shaft; the signal feedback part has three, including slack sword inductive signal (e), broach inductive signal (f) that targets in place, main shaft idle running inductive signal (g), and each signal feedback part includes proximity inductive switch, mounting panel, and mounting bolt is two.

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