CN2176356Y - Rotating mechanism of tower crane - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a rotating mechanism of a crane. The utility model is characterized in that a motor of which the tail part is provided with a brake is directly connected with a planetary speed reducer; an upper and a lower supporting bases of a crane are respectively fixed to an outer ring and an inner ring of a rotating support, a main circuit is controlled through an electric appliance; all output gears of the planetary reducer, a multifunctional retainer and a tachogenerator rotate which are fixed to the upper supporting base are rotated around the outer ring of the rotating support to drive the entire upper supporting base to rotate; wired remote control operation can be obtained through changing electric control plug-in units. The utility model solves the problem of hard universal application caused by the complicated structure, and is suitable for being used on tower type cranes in medium and small sizes.

Description

Rotating mechanism of tower crane

The utility model relates to the swing type mechanism of the rotary system of hoisting crane, particularly a kind of tower crane.

Existing domestic advanced OMD rotary system has turning motor, belt transmission, electromagnetic gear, planetary reduction gear, tachogenerator, multi-functional limiting device, primary clusterings such as revolution Electronic Control Box.This system relies on to change electromagnetic gear exciting current realization speed governing, and negative feedback control system is arranged in addition, makes speed governing more become steady.But electromagnetic gear has comprised electromagnetic slip clutch, eddy-current brake, and magnet stopper, all multicompartments such as weathercock make the shaft coupling structure complexity, price is more expensive, is difficult to be applied on the middle-size and small-size hoisting crane, particularly on the tower crane.

The utility model will provide a kind of structure more simple exactly, and evenly the failure-free swing type mechanism is braked in speed governing again.

Technical solution of the present utility model is: adopt the motor of afterbody band brake directly to link to each other with planetary reduction gear, the outer ring of pivoting support is fixed on the undersetting, the inner ring of pivoting support is fixed on the upper bracket bottom, be fixed on the planetary reduction gear on the upper bracket, multi-functional limiting device, the output gear of tachogenerator all meshes with the outer ring of pivoting support, when the electric apparatus control apparatus control motor on being positioned at upper bracket rotates, moment is directly passed to the outer ring of the output gear and the pivoting support of planetary reduction gear, make the multi-functional limiting device that is fixed on the upper bracket, the output gear of tachogenerator changes the outer ring gear revolution of supporting in company with the planetary reduction gear wraparound, thereby drives whole upper bracket rotation; Revolution Electronic Control Box in the control circuit switches the short circuiting switch of several inductive circuits in the power circuit step by step, realizes the motor stator voltage three-phase imbalance speed governing of swing type mechanism; The normally closed brake of motor afterbody, directly the braking motor rotor stops operating mechanism; Also can obtain the wired remote control operation by the connection plug-in unit in the conversion electrical controller.

The utlity model has simple in structurely, good speed adjustment features stops reliably, and installing/dismounting is quick, and operating maintenance is convenient, and is cheap for manufacturing cost, is suitable for using on middle-size and small-size tower crane.

The drawing of accompanying drawing is described as follows:

Fig. 1 is the whole scheme drawing of laying of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the position view that the utility model planetary reduction gear, pivoting support are fixed in upper and lower bearing.

Fig. 3 is a retarder adapter plate birds-eye view among Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the structure cutaway view of the utility model planetary reduction gear.

Fig. 5 is the oil-hole location cutaway view Amplified image of planetary frame and satellite gear among Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is the cutaway view of the utility model motor afterbody drg.

Fig. 7 is the utility model electrical equipment control main circuit diagram.

Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of the utility model drg.

Be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, by inner ring 5, outer ring 4 and middle pivoting support 6, two circles that the steel ball formation is housed can rotate mutually, on its outer ring straight-tooth are arranged; The inner ring of pivoting support is fixed on the bottom of upper bracket 18, is fixed with the motor 2 of band brake 1 on upper bracket, planetary reduction gear 3, multi-functional limiting device 7, tachogenerator 8, electric apparatus control apparatus 12; And the outer ring of pivoting support is to be fixed on the undersetting 15.

In conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the outside of planetary reduction gear is cylindric, is formed by connecting by forward and backward housing 23,31.There is third-level planetary to slow down in the housing chamber and arranges 38,37,36, the sun wheel 45 that is positioned at the first order first row adopts invoice serrations cover 22 to be connected with the output shaft of motor, three grades of internally toothed annuluss 24,26,29 of planetary reduction gear row, all adopt double-deck elastic cylindrical pin 25,27,28 location, and be fixed on high strength bolt on the positioning boss of housing inner chamber, wherein the first order 38, the second stage 37 is positioned at front case 23, the third stage 36 is positioned at the two housings junction, and every grade of planetary reduction gear row has planetary frame 69, planetary wheel 42, planet wheel spindle 40, needle roller 44, snap ring 43, back-up ring 41.Dug cavity in the major part peripheral radial of planetary frame 69, be evenly equipped with the through hole that several install planet wheel spindle in the two side of framework cavity, have the planetary wheel of center through hole, be positioned at the planetary frame through hole, insert in planetary frame and the planetary endoporus with planet wheel spindle; Separate washer 41 is arranged between planetary frame two side and the planetary wheel, needle roller 44 is housed between planetary wheel and planet wheel spindle, the end float misalignment of planet wheel spindle on framework fixed with long ring 43.The planetary frame microcephaly links to each other with the next stage sun wheel with inner spline housing.Planetary frame central authorities are sun wheels 45, sun wheel and planetary wheel 42 engagements, planetary wheel meshes with internally toothed annulus again, between every adjacent two planetary reduction gears row separate washer 46 is arranged, one stem gear 32 is arranged, the input end of its leading section is connected with spline with afterbody planetary reduction gear row, be bearing in the medium position of reducer shell by radial ball bearing 35 at the front-end position of stem gear, be fixed in the afterbody of housing by 33 supportings of aligning round bead bear at its back segment, single oil sealing 39 sealings are adopted in sealing between reducer shell and the input adapter sleeve, at the rear portion of housing and connection gear is to adopt double oil seal circle 34 leak frees, in the junction of front and back housing seal ring 30 is arranged also; Also have the radial direction oil hole 70 of lubrication quill at the tooth root place of satellite gear.

In conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 2 has an adapter plate 19 that is connected and fixed usefulness at the middle part of planetary reduction gear 3, the unthreaded hole 21 of the usefulness of being connected and fixed and the screw 20 of dismounting usefulness are arranged on the plate.During installation,, fixed just passable with bolt as long as retarder and adapter plate are held on the back plate of upper bracket 18; During dismounting, unclamp binding bolt, be screwed into simultaneously with several bolts in the dismounting screw 20 of adapter plate, adapter plate and retarder thereof are promptly got up by jacking.Oil discharge screw 13 and installing and locating piece 14 all are positioned at the same side of retarder, install with convenient.The inner ring of pivoting support is fixed in the bottom of upper bracket 18 by bolt 17, and the top of undersetting 15 then is fixed in the outer ring by bolt 16; Undersetting maintains static, and planetary reduction gear drives the inner ring and the whole upper bracket revolution operation of pivoting support.

With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the structural shape of pivoting support can adopt single four point-contact types, single intersection ball-type, double ball-type, large diameter pivoting supports such as three row's ball-types.

In conjunction with Fig. 1, multi-functional limiting device 7 is contained on the upper bracket 18,4 engagements of its output gear and pivoting support outer ring, when upper bracket during by the planetary reduction gear driven rotary, multi-functional limiting device is also along with the upper bracket rotation and along the rotation of pivoting support external toothing, after slowing down, drive camshaft rotation, when forwarding certain angle to, cam can trigger limit switch, thereby disconnects whole electrical circuit, reach the purpose of the restriction revolution number of turns, prevent that cable from being twisted off.

In conjunction with Fig. 1, supporting outer ring 4 revolutions are changeed in the wraparound under swing type mechanism drives of the output gear of tachogenerator 8, the rotor rotation of electrical generator 8, and cutting magnetic line produces voltage signal, the size of voltage signal changes with the rotating speed height, and in time feeds back in the electrical controller 12.When rotating speed was higher, high voltage signal disconnected the interior top gear switch of electrical controller rapidly and is returned to bottom gear, and carries voltage signal and send chimes of doom to annunciator simultaneously.

In conjunction with Fig. 1, wired remote control device mainly contains an operating console 9 movably, has the handle with the same operating function of operator's compartment on the operating console, operating console is connected with long cable, cable-end is connected with plug-in unit 10, and is same, also has one to flexibly connect plug-in unit 11 in the electrical controller 12.During use, operating console is placed arbitrary position of camp site, then the connection plug-in unit 11 in the electrical controller and operating console to be connected plug-in unit 10 changing-overs good, just can be reliably in the operation that obtains the another location away from operator's compartment; It is very convenient when the driver is unsighted.

With reference to Fig. 6, the shell 56 of drg 1 fuses with the shell 52 of motor 2; In housing, be fixed with butterfly bearing 51 on the rotor axis of electric 50, on it to inverted T shape bearing 54 should be arranged, Friction disk 53 is arranged between two bearings, be with moving armature 55 on the outside cylinder of T shape bearing, on the armature to electromagnet 48 should be arranged, one end is fixed on the long bolt 58 at T shape bearing center, pass the electromagnet inner chamber and expose outside the housing, the spring 49 of on long bolt, packing into successively, the knurled nut 47, and the pine handwheel 59 of stopping leaves certain clearance and adjusted with screw 57 and fixes between moving armature and the electromagnet.During energized, electromagnet 48 adhesive armatures 55, the Friction disk 53 that will be positioned between two bearings draws back, and rotor is just rotatable; When cutting off the electricity supply, spring 49 acts on T shape bearing 54, makes Friction disk 53 combinations between two bearings, forces motor to stop operating, and makes entire mechanism be in braking mode.The size of lock torque is to realize by the size that knurled nut 47 adjusts springs 49 pressure; The pine handwheel 59 of stopping can make the rotation direction of long bolt 58 change, and reaches the Friction disk 53 that unclamps between bearing and realizes the purpose that manual pine is stopped.

In conjunction with Fig. 7; in the three-phase of the power circuit in control setup 12; string has the turning motor protection switch 60 of band fuse successively; the phase-change switch 61,62 of control motor forward and backward; in parallel with adjustable inductance is three short circuiting switches 63,64,65; control the short circuiting switch closure one by one, make the three-phase of motor stator voltage be in non-equilibrium state, thereby realize adjusting the output speed of motor.When short circuiting switch 63 closures, the least state of equilibrium of three phasevoltage makes motor stator voltage be in low pressure, and motor is realized rotation at a slow speed; When short circuiting switch 64 closures, three phasevoltage still is in non-equilibrium state makes motor stator voltage raise, and motor is realized the middling speed rotation; When short circuiting switch 65 closures, three are conducted, and the motor stator voltage non-equilibrium state is eliminated, the motor fast rotational.

In conjunction with Fig. 8, Fig. 6, in the circuit diagram of drg, earlier string has the protection switch 71 of band fuse, and string has rectifier cell 66 thereafter, and rotary braking on-off element 67 is received at last on the coil of electromagnet 48 of plate disc brake 1, and is adopted DC current control.When on-off element 67 closures were used in braking, energising back electromagnet 48 adhesive moving armatures 55 were thrown off drg Friction disk 53, and turning motor rotates.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of swing type mechanism of tower crane comprises motor (2), planetary reduction gear (3), and drg (1), pivoting support (6), upper and lower bearing (18), (15), multi-functional limiting device (7), tachogenerator (8), electric apparatus control apparatus (12),

The afterbody that it is characterized in that motor (2) has drg (1), the mouth of motor directly links to each other with planetary reduction gear (3), the outer ring (4) of pivoting support (6) is fixed on the undersetting (15), the inner ring of pivoting support (5) is fixed on the bottom of upper bracket (18), be fixed on the planetary reduction gear (3) on the upper bracket, multi-functional limiting device (7), the output gear of tachogenerator (8) all with the outer ring gear mesh of pivoting support, be fixed on electric apparatus control apparatus (12) the control entire mechanism on the upper bracket, realize evenly, safe operation also can obtain the wired remote control operation by the connection plug-in unit (11) in the conversion electrical controller (12).

2, mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the sun wheel (45) of planetary reduction gear (3) and the output shaft of motor (2) are to adopt invoice serration cover (22) bonded assembly, moment is slowed down through third-level planetary successively and is arranged (36), (37), (38), export by stem gear (32), the needle-type bearing is all adopted in each planet row's supporting place, with planet row ingear internally toothed annulus (24), (26), (29), with double-deck elastic cylindrical pin (25), (27), (28) location and high strength bolt are fastened on the boss of reducing gearbox intracoelomic cavity, radially have fuel feed hole (70) at the tooth root place of satellite gear (42), oil discharge screw of retarder (13) and installing and locating piece (14) all are positioned at the same side of retarder.

3, mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being fixed with on the rotor axis of electric butterfly bearing (51), on it to inverted T shape bearing (54) should be arranged, Friction disk (53) is arranged between two bearings, be with moving armature (55) on the outside cylinder of T shape bearing, on the moving armature to electromagnet (48) should be arranged, be fixed on the long bolt (58) at T shape bearing center, pass the electromagnet inner chamber and expose housing, spring (49), knurled nut (47), the pine handwheel (59) of stopping is housed on long bolt successively.

4, mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the electrical equipment control power circuit that string has three adjustable inductances, and in parallel with three inductance is three short circuiting switches (63), (64), (65), also has phase-change switch (61), (62) in the major loop.

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