CN217367766U - Efficient and safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purification equipment - Google Patents
Efficient and safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purification equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN217367766U CN217367766U CN202221350413.9U CN202221350413U CN217367766U CN 217367766 U CN217367766 U CN 217367766U CN 202221350413 U CN202221350413 U CN 202221350413U CN 217367766 U CN217367766 U CN 217367766U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- adsorption
- fan
- desorption
- heat exchanger
- adsorption bed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Landscapes
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, in particular to efficient and safe honeycomb zeolite waste gas purification equipment. The efficient and safe honeycomb zeolite waste gas purification equipment comprises an adsorption bed, an adsorption fan, a desorption fan, a heat exchanger, a catalytic combustion furnace, a mixer and a discharge device, wherein an adsorption medium is arranged in the adsorption bed; the adsorption bed is connected with the adsorption fan, and the waste gas flows to the discharge device after flowing through the adsorption bed and the adsorption fan; the desorption gas flows through a desorption fan after carrying high-concentration waste gas through the adsorption bed, the desorption fan is connected with a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is connected with a catalytic combustion furnace, and the desorption gas and the high-concentration waste gas flow back to the heat exchanger after passing through the catalytic combustion furnace; the heat exchanger is connected with a flow mixer, a cool supplementing fan is arranged on the flow mixer, and the flow mixer is connected with the adsorption bed through a pipeline. The application provides a high-efficient safe zeolite exhaust gas purification equipment, purifying effect is good, equipment operation safety and stability, is applicable to the processing of big wind volume low concentration organic waste gas.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, in particular to a high-efficiency and safe honeycomb zeolite waste gas purification device.
Background
The organic waste gas treatment refers to the treatment work of adsorbing, filtering and purifying the organic waste gas generated in the industrial production process. The organic waste gas is generally characterized by flammability, explosiveness, toxicity, harm, insolubility in water, solubility in organic solvent and great treatment difficulty. In organic waste gas treatment, various treatment processes such as an organic waste gas activated carbon adsorption treatment method, a catalytic combustion method, a regenerative combustion method, an acid-base neutralization method, a plasma method and the like are generally adopted.
At present, the domestic common adsorption catalytic combustion method is used for treating the organic waste gas with large air quantity and low concentration, the organic waste gas is adsorbed by adopting adsorption media such as active carbon, hot air is introduced for desorption and analysis after the adsorption is nearly saturated, and the waste gas is introduced into a catalytic combustion bed for flameless combustion after the desorption, so that the waste gas is thoroughly purified. However, in the using process of the method, the desorption temperature of the activated carbon is difficult to control, the desorption is not thorough, and the treatment efficiency of the organic waste gas is influenced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problem that the desorption temperature of the activated carbon proposed in the background art is difficult to control, the application provides a high-efficiency and safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purification device.
The application provides a high-efficient safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purification equipment adopts following technical scheme:
a high-efficient safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purifying apparatus, including adsorbent bed, adsorption fan, desorption fan, heat exchanger, catalytic combustion furnace, mixer and discharge apparatus, there are adsorption media in the said adsorbent bed; the adsorption bed is connected with the adsorption fan, and waste gas flows to the discharge device after flowing through the adsorption bed and the adsorption fan; the desorption gas flows through the desorption fan after carrying high-concentration waste gas through the adsorption bed, the desorption fan is connected with the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is connected with the catalytic combustion furnace, and the desorption gas and the high-concentration waste gas flow back to the heat exchanger after passing through the catalytic combustion furnace; the heat exchanger is connected with the flow mixer, an air supply cooler is arranged on the flow mixer, and the flow mixer is connected with the adsorption bed through a pipeline.
By adopting the technical scheme, the harmful gas is absorbed after the waste gas to be treated passes through the adsorption bed, and the treated clean waste gas is discharged through the discharge device; during desorption, the high-temperature desorption gas takes away harmful gas after flowing through the adsorption bed and is sent to the heat exchanger by the desorption fan, the heat exchanger preheats the desorption gas and sends the desorption gas to the catalytic combustion furnace, the harmful gas is catalyzed to be combusted and is converted into harmless carbon dioxide and water vapor, the temperature of the carbon dioxide and the water vapor obtained by combustion is higher, the carbon dioxide and the water vapor flow back to the heat exchanger again to exchange heat with the desorption gas, the desorption gas is preheated, and the purpose of saving energy consumption is achieved; carbon dioxide and water vapor enter the mixer subsequently, and carry out the mixed flow with the air that the tonifying cold fan sent into in order to control gaseous temperature, the mist of certain temperature passes through the pipeline as desorption gas and gets into the adsorption bed once more, accomplishes the desorption circulation.
Preferably, the adsorption fan is connected between the adsorption bed and the discharge device.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, adsorption fan installs between adsorption bed and discharging equipment for all pipelines and devices before adsorption fan are in the negative pressure state, can ensure that whole clarification plant can not reveal waste gas to the environment in.
Preferably, a filter is connected to the inlet of the adsorption bed.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the filter can carry out filtration treatment with the particulate matter in the waste gas earlier for the particulate matter is difficult for blockking up adsorption media's adsorption hole, so that adsorption media keeps long-term good adsorption effect.
Preferably, the adsorbent media is a honeycomb zeolite.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, honeycomb zeolite is the molecular sieve, also is difficult for taking place spontaneous combustion under the condition of high temperature desorption, compares in traditional active carbon adsorption, and its security promotes greatly to honeycomb zeolite desorption temperature is higher, the desorption is more thorough, under the stable up to standard's of assurance system condition, adsorption medium's life is longer, and system's running cost is lower.
Preferably, the air-cooling compensation fan is connected with a cooling compensation control valve.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the benefit cold flow that gets into the mixer from the benefit air-cooler can be controlled to the benefit cold control valve to the temperature of control desorption gas, the desorption gas of being convenient for carries out high temperature desorption to the adsorption medium.
Preferably, the discharging device comprises a chimney and an online monitor, the chimney is connected with the adsorption fan through a pipeline, and the online monitor is mounted on the chimney.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the gas after the purification is sent to chimney department through the pipeline by the adsorption fan and is discharged, and on-line monitoring ware can carry out real-time supervision to the gas that discharges, ensures that waste gas satisfies industry emission standard.
Preferably, a first flame arrester is arranged between the adsorption bed and the desorption fan, and a second flame arrester is arranged between the heat exchanger and the flow mixer.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first spark arrester and second spark arrester can prevent that flame from spreading to the adsorption bed in, cause the damage to the adsorption media.
Preferably, the catalytic combustion furnace is provided with a low-nitrogen burner.
By adopting the technical scheme, the low-nitrogen combustor can reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides, accords with the environmental protection idea of waste gas purification equipment, and is favorable for reducing secondary pollution to the environment.
To sum up, compare with the correlation technique, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
1. the utility model discloses set up the heat exchanger, preheat the desorption gas after and send to catalytic combustion furnace, be favorable to harmful gas to be burnt by catalysis, change harmless carbon dioxide and vapor into, the carbon dioxide and the vapor temperature that the burning obtained are higher, can flow back to the heat exchanger once more and carry out heat exchange with the desorption gas, preheat the desorption gas, reached energy saving consumption's purpose.
2. The utility model discloses set up the mixer, after carbon dioxide and the vapor that the burning produced got into the mixer, carried out the mixed flow with the air that the tonifying cold wind machine was sent into with the temperature of control gas, the mist of uniform temperature passes through the pipeline and gets into the adsorption bed once more as desorption gas, can accomplish the desorption circulation.
3. The utility model discloses a honeycomb zeolite is as adsorption medium, also is difficult for taking place the spontaneous combustion under the condition of high temperature desorption, compares in traditional active carbon adsorption, and its security promotes greatly to honeycomb zeolite desorption temperature is higher, the desorption is more thorough, under the stable up to standard condition of assurance system, adsorption medium's life is longer, does not need frequent change, and system's running cost is lower.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a filter; 2. an adsorption bed; 3. an adsorption fan; 4. a first flame arrestor; 5. a second flame arrestor; 6. a desorption fan; 7. a flow mixer; 8. a heat exchanger; 9. a catalytic combustion furnace; 10. supplementing a cold air blower; 11. a discharge device; 12. an adsorption valve; 13. a desorption valve; 14. a chimney; 15. an online monitor; 16. a low-nitrogen burner; 17. a cold compensation control valve.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the application discloses a high-efficient safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purification equipment, including filter 1, adsorption bed 2, adsorption fan 3, first spark arrester 4, second spark arrester 5, desorption fan 6, mixer 7, heat exchanger 8, catalytic combustion furnace 9, supplementary cooling fan 10 and discharging equipment 11.
Referring to fig. 1, a filter 1, an adsorption bed 2, an adsorption fan 3, and a discharge device 11 are connected in sequence by pipes. Big amount of wind low concentration organic waste gas filters through getting into filter 1 after collecting earlier, filters the gas that filters big particulate matter and gets into adsorption bed 2 from the pipeline and adsorb the processing, and rethread adsorption fan 3 provides power and discharges waste gas from discharging equipment 11 up to standard after adsorbing the VOC gas in the waste gas through adsorption medium. Install adsorption fan 3 between adsorption bed 2 and discharging equipment 11 for all pipelines and devices before adsorption fan 3 are in the negative pressure state, can ensure that whole clarification plant can not reveal waste gas to the environment in.
Referring to fig. 1, the filter 1 includes coarse, middle and high-efficiency three-stage filtering to filter the particulate matter in the exhaust gas, and after the exhaust gas passes through the filter 1, the size of the particulate matter in the exhaust gas is controlled to be below 5 μm, so that the particulate matter in the exhaust gas is not easy to block the adsorption pores of the adsorption medium during subsequent adsorption treatment, which is beneficial to the adsorption medium to maintain a high adsorption effect for a long time.
Referring to fig. 1, adsorption medium honeycomb zeolite is arranged in an adsorption bed 2, and the honeycomb zeolite is of a block structure and is commonly 100 x 100mm in size. The honeycomb zeolite adsorption medium is a molecular sieve, spontaneous combustion is not easy to occur under the condition of high-temperature desorption, the safety of adsorption is greatly improved compared with that of the traditional honeycomb activated carbon, the desorption temperature is higher and can reach more than 200 ℃, the desorption is more thorough, the service life of the adsorption medium is longer under the condition that the system is stable and reaches the standard, and the operation cost of the system is lower. The adsorption bed 2 is also provided with an adsorption valve 12 and a desorption valve 13. The adsorption and desorption processes are controlled by the adsorption bed 2 through the adsorption valve 12 and the desorption valve 13, the adsorption bed 2 is of a multi-bed structure, the online desorption process of the honeycomb zeolite can be realized, and the stable standard-reaching discharge of the whole system is ensured.
Referring to fig. 1, the discharging device 11 includes a chimney 14 and an online monitor 15, the chimney 14 is connected with the adsorption fan 3 through a pipeline, the online monitor 15 is installed on the chimney 14 to monitor the exhaust emission in real time, and the purified gas can meet the strictest discharge standard requirements in the industry at present.
Referring to fig. 1, the desorption valve 13 is connected to the desorption fan 6 through a pipeline, and the desorption gas passes through the desorption fan 6 after taking away the high-concentration waste gas through the adsorption bed 2. The desorption fan 6 is connected with the heat exchanger 8, the heat exchanger 8 is connected with the catalytic combustion furnace 9, and the desorption gas and the high-concentration waste gas flow from the heat exchanger 8 to the catalytic combustion furnace 9 through a pipeline for combustion and decomposition and then flow back to the heat exchanger 8 from another pipeline. In this embodiment, the small volume of high concentration waste gas desorbed from the adsorption bed 2 enters the heat exchanger 8 through the desorption fan 6, and is preheated to 200-. The low-nitrogen burner 16 is arranged on the catalytic combustion furnace 9, which is favorable for reducing the generation of secondary pollutants NOx, the fuel is supplemented to the catalytic combustion furnace 9 after filtration and pressure reduction, the gas regulation ratio of the low-nitrogen burner 16 can reach 1:40, and the reduction of the energy consumption of equipment is favorable.
Referring to fig. 1, a heat exchanger 8 is connected with a flow mixer 7, an air supplement blower 10 is arranged on the flow mixer 7, the air supplement blower 10 is connected with an air supplement control valve 17, and the flow mixer 7 is connected with an adsorption bed 2 through a pipeline. High-temperature gas generated after the catalytic combustion decomposition of the waste gas enters the heat exchanger 8, and the temperature of the desorption gas entering the catalytic combustion furnace 9 is increased by exchanging heat with the desorption gas, so that the purpose of saving energy consumption is achieved. The gas after heat exchange and the normal temperature gas provided by the supplementary cooling fan 10 are fully mixed in the mixer 7, the quantity of the supplementary cooling air is controlled by the supplementary cooling control valve 17, the temperature of the desorption gas is controlled at 200 ℃ which is 180 ℃ plus, and the high temperature desorption of the honeycomb zeolite is convenient.
Referring to fig. 1, first spark arrester 4 is located between adsorption bed 2 and desorption fan 6, and second spark arrester 5 is located between heat exchanger 8 and the mixed flow ware 7, and first spark arrester 4 can prevent that flame is reverse to be spread to in adsorption bed 2, and second spark arrester 5 is then that to prevent that flame forward from spreading to in adsorption bed 2 to help promoting the security performance of equipment.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: harmful gas is absorbed after the waste gas to be treated passes through the adsorption bed 2, and the treated clean waste gas is discharged through a discharging device 11; during desorption, the high-temperature desorption gas takes away harmful gas after flowing through the adsorption bed 2 and is sent to the heat exchanger 8 by the desorption fan 6, the heat exchanger 8 preheats the desorption gas and sends the desorption gas to the catalytic combustion furnace 9, the harmful gas is catalyzed and combusted to be converted into harmless carbon dioxide and water vapor, the temperature of the carbon dioxide and the water vapor obtained by combustion is higher, the carbon dioxide and the water vapor flow back to the heat exchanger 8 again to exchange heat with the desorption gas, the desorption gas is preheated, and the purpose of saving energy consumption is achieved; the carbon dioxide and the water vapor enter the flow mixer 7, and are mixed with the air fed by the supplement air cooler 10 to control the temperature of the gas, and the mixed gas with a certain temperature is taken as desorption gas to enter the adsorption bed 2 again through a pipeline, so that the desorption cycle is completed.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A high-efficient safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purification equipment which characterized in that: the device comprises an adsorption bed (2), an adsorption fan (3), a desorption fan (6), a heat exchanger (8), a catalytic combustion furnace (9), a mixer (7) and a discharge device (11), wherein an adsorption medium is arranged in the adsorption bed (2); the adsorption bed (2) is connected with the adsorption fan (3), and the waste gas flows to the discharge device (11) after flowing through the adsorption bed (2) and the adsorption fan (3); the desorption gas flows through the desorption fan (6) after being taken away by the adsorption bed (2), the desorption fan (6) is connected with the heat exchanger (8), the heat exchanger (8) is connected with the catalytic combustion furnace (9), and the desorption gas and the high-concentration waste gas flow back to the heat exchanger (8) after passing through the catalytic combustion furnace (9); the heat exchanger (8) is connected with the flow mixer (7), the flow mixer (7) is provided with a cooling air supplement fan (10), and the flow mixer (7) is connected with the adsorption bed (2) through a pipeline.
2. A high-efficiency safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purifying apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the adsorption fan (3) is connected between the adsorption bed (2) and the discharge device (11).
3. A high-efficiency safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purifying apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the inlet of the adsorption bed (2) is connected with a filter (1).
4. An efficient and safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purifying apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the adsorption medium is honeycomb zeolite.
5. A high-efficiency safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purifying apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the cold compensation air blower (10) is connected with a cold compensation control valve (17).
6. A high-efficiency safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purifying apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the discharge device (11) comprises a chimney (14) and an online monitor (15), the chimney (14) is connected with the adsorption fan (3) through a pipeline, and the online monitor (15) is installed on the chimney (14).
7. A high-efficiency safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purifying apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the adsorption bed (2) with install first spark arrester (4) between desorption fan (6), heat exchanger (8) with install second spark arrester (5) between mixed flow ware (7).
8. A high-efficiency safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purifying apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the catalytic combustion furnace (9) is provided with a low-nitrogen burner (16).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202221350413.9U CN217367766U (en) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Efficient and safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purification equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202221350413.9U CN217367766U (en) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Efficient and safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purification equipment |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN217367766U true CN217367766U (en) | 2022-09-06 |
Family
ID=83090811
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202221350413.9U Active CN217367766U (en) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Efficient and safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purification equipment |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN217367766U (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN117398803A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-01-16 | 广州点蓝环保设备有限公司 | Flue gas and waste gas purification system for enameled wire industry and application method of flue gas and waste gas purification system |
CN117427457A (en) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-01-23 | 江苏通用环保集团有限公司 | VOCs waste gas treatment process capable of flexibly switching adsorption and desorption and enhancing heat recovery |
CN117547931A (en) * | 2023-12-30 | 2024-02-13 | 南京德厚环境科技有限公司 | Adsorption concentration purification treatment method for zeolite fixed bed |
CN117797571A (en) * | 2023-12-30 | 2024-04-02 | 南京德厚环境科技有限公司 | Waste gas purifying equipment for automobile coating and method thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-05-30 CN CN202221350413.9U patent/CN217367766U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN117398803A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-01-16 | 广州点蓝环保设备有限公司 | Flue gas and waste gas purification system for enameled wire industry and application method of flue gas and waste gas purification system |
CN117398803B (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-04-09 | 广州点蓝环保设备有限公司 | Flue gas and waste gas purification system for enameled wire industry and application method of flue gas and waste gas purification system |
CN117427457A (en) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-01-23 | 江苏通用环保集团有限公司 | VOCs waste gas treatment process capable of flexibly switching adsorption and desorption and enhancing heat recovery |
CN117427457B (en) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-04-30 | 江苏通用环保集团有限公司 | VOCs waste gas treatment process capable of flexibly switching adsorption and desorption and enhancing heat recovery |
CN117547931A (en) * | 2023-12-30 | 2024-02-13 | 南京德厚环境科技有限公司 | Adsorption concentration purification treatment method for zeolite fixed bed |
CN117797571A (en) * | 2023-12-30 | 2024-04-02 | 南京德厚环境科技有限公司 | Waste gas purifying equipment for automobile coating and method thereof |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN217367766U (en) | Efficient and safe honeycomb zeolite exhaust gas purification equipment | |
EP3892358A1 (en) | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PURIFYING CO AND NOx SINTERED FLUE GAS | |
CN201295583Y (en) | Adsorption and catalysis integration device | |
CN205760438U (en) | A kind of activated carbon adsorption concentration for processing VOCs and the integrating device of regenerative thermal oxidizer | |
CN210699424U (en) | Organic waste gas adsorbs desorption catalytic combustion system | |
WO2018192564A1 (en) | Flue gas purification system for domestic waste pyrolysis incinerator | |
CN111729490A (en) | Waste gas treatment process in activated carbon regeneration process | |
CN214914699U (en) | Zeolite fixed bed catalytic combustion clean system for paint spraying field | |
CN217031243U (en) | Energy-saving emission-reducing boiler waste gas waste heat recycling device | |
CN105240864A (en) | Catalytic combustion system and catalytic combustion method | |
CN212467671U (en) | Cremation tail gas clean-up system | |
CN210356574U (en) | VOCs processing apparatus | |
CN112610964A (en) | SCR (Selective catalytic reduction) treatment system and method for hazardous waste incineration flue gas | |
CN214829837U (en) | Waste gas treatment device for sludge drying and carbonization | |
CN214536224U (en) | Chromium-containing hazardous waste incineration reduction flue gas purification system | |
CN214581129U (en) | SCR (Selective catalytic reduction) treatment system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas | |
CN212841617U (en) | Ultralow discharging equipment of sludge drying incineration tail gas | |
CN201049277Y (en) | Organic exhaust gas adsorption burning purifying device | |
CN212467729U (en) | Cremation tail gas clean-up system | |
CN212974632U (en) | Energy-saving processing apparatus is used in organic waste gas purification | |
CN110732242B (en) | Comprehensive treatment device and method for wastewater and waste gas | |
CN212188590U (en) | Processing apparatus of indirect thermal desorption tail gas of soil | |
CN213513912U (en) | Useless and VOCs waste gas concurrent processing system of danger | |
CN217613877U (en) | Water paint application exhaust gas purification system | |
CN218936368U (en) | Novel VOCs handles device based on RTO and RCO collaborative work |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |