CN217099666U - Vehicle wheel driving system - Google Patents
Vehicle wheel driving system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217099666U CN217099666U CN202123441635.XU CN202123441635U CN217099666U CN 217099666 U CN217099666 U CN 217099666U CN 202123441635 U CN202123441635 U CN 202123441635U CN 217099666 U CN217099666 U CN 217099666U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of wheel edge drive, in particular to a vehicle wheel edge drive system, which comprises a first planetary reducer, a drive motor, a gear reduction mechanism and a flywheel power assembly; the flywheel power assembly and the driving motor are connected in parallel in a transmission way to realize power coupling, and the power is output to a wheel hub connected with the first planetary reducer to drive wheels, so that a high-efficiency kinetic energy recovery, distributed driving, electronic differential, high-energy efficiency and high-safety wheel-side driving system is realized; the utility model adopts the high integration of the flywheel power assembly, the driving motor, the gear reduction mechanism, the wheel hub and the first planetary reducer, the short power transmission line, the high efficiency and the flexible arrangement; the differential mechanism is not used, and the whole vehicle can realize a wide channel and a low floor; meanwhile, the flywheel power assembly utilizes mechanical energy to recycle and reuse high-efficiency kinetic energy, provides auxiliary power, effectively reduces the power of a driving motor and the consumption of electric energy, reduces the system cost, improves the vehicle power performance and the system safety, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the wheel limit drive technique and specifically relates to a vehicle wheel limit actuating system.
Background
The new energy automobile, especially the pure electric automobile, has become the direction of active research and development of each automobile factory, and wheel-side driving is taken as a driving mode of a pure electric structure, and has the advantages of short power transmission line, flexible arrangement, large space in the automobile, low floor and the like, and is convenient. The wheel driving power system has no differential, small volume, light weight, high efficiency, high integration level and good NVH performance, and is arranged at the wheel end, so that the whole vehicle can realize wide passage and all-low floor, and has wide application prospect in new energy commercial vehicles, urban public buses and passenger vehicles. The vehicle is heavy, the working condition is frequently started and stopped, the kinetic energy loss is large, and the system energy efficiency and the braking energy recovery efficiency are particularly important.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: in order to solve the defects in the prior art, a vehicle wheel-side driving system is provided.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: a vehicle wheel-side driving system comprises a first planetary reducer, a driving motor, a gear reducing mechanism and a flywheel power assembly, wherein the flywheel power assembly can convert kinetic energy of vehicle braking into kinetic energy of a flywheel and release the kinetic energy to provide power when the vehicle starts or accelerates;
the output shaft of the flywheel power assembly is in transmission connection with the main shaft of the driving motor, the output shaft of the flywheel power assembly or the main shaft of the driving motor is in transmission connection with the input end of the gear reduction mechanism, the output end of the gear reduction mechanism is in transmission connection with the first sun gear of the first planetary reducer, the first planet carrier of the first planetary reducer is in transmission connection with the hub of the vehicle, and the first gear ring of the first planetary reducer is fixedly connected with the shell of the flywheel power assembly or the shell of the driving motor.
In the scheme, the flywheel power assembly, the driving motor, the gear reduction mechanism, the wheel hub and the first planetary reducer are highly integrated, so that the power transmission line is short, the efficiency is high and the arrangement is flexible; and the whole vehicle can realize a wide channel and a low floor without a differential.
The system has a high-efficiency kinetic energy recovery function, can recover braking energy through flywheel mechanical energy, has the efficiency far higher than the recovery scheme of the current new energy automobile wheel-side motor power generation feedback battery, has higher braking energy recovery efficiency and braking performance particularly on urban buses and passenger cars which are heavy and frequently started and stopped, and has the performance, service life and reliability far higher than a battery recovery system. Each wheel has the driving and recovering functions, so that the vehicle braking energy recovery efficiency is greatly improved, and the vehicle energy efficiency is improved.
The flywheel power assembly can output high power as auxiliary power, effectively reduce the power and the volume of the driving motor, and reduce the cost and the electric energy consumption of the driving motor.
The flywheel is used as a secondary energy storage technology, the dynamic load-changing capacity of the system is improved while the efficient kinetic energy recovery is carried out, auxiliary power is provided for a main power source when the vehicle is in the working conditions of starting, accelerating and climbing, instantaneous high-power compensation is carried out, the output loss of a driving motor is reduced, the large back power is not required to be reserved (only the wind friction loss is required to be overcome), the power requirement of an energy storage system (a power battery, a fuel cell stack and a range extender) is greatly reduced, the easiness and the cost of the power battery of the energy storage system are reduced, and the whole vehicle can obtain better dynamic performance and energy efficiency.
The wheel edge double motors are integrated, so that the safety redundancy of the driving system is higher; the traditional wheel edge adopts a single motor and speed reducer scheme and electronic differential control, when a wheel edge motor on any wheel of a wheel edge driving unit breaks down, a single wheel loses power and differential functions, and a vehicle is easy to cause out-of-control direction and side turning. And the utility model discloses well adoption bi-motor is integrated, breaks down when arbitrary motor, and another motor can continue as independent drive, can not lead to the single round to lose power and differential, and system safety is higher.
The design of connecting a plurality of small flywheels in parallel can be adopted, the larger secondary energy storage capacity of the system is realized, the requirements of heavy vehicles on kinetic energy during acceleration and braking are met, meanwhile, the safety of energy storage of the large-capacity flywheels is reduced, and four or a plurality of wheels can be driven in a distributed mode and used for special vehicles driven by a plurality of wheels.
Because the traditional differential is cancelled, the vehicle runs forwards or backwards by adopting electronic differential, the output rotating speed directions of the two driving systems at the left wheel side and the right wheel side are opposite, the rotating speeds of the flywheels at the left wheel side and the right wheel side are also opposite, and the flywheel gyro effect can be counteracted by the rotation of the flywheels in opposite directions, so that the influence on the running stability of the vehicle is reduced to the minimum.
Furthermore, the flywheel power assembly and the driving motor are coaxially arranged.
Further, the gear reduction mechanism is a parallel shaft gear reduction mechanism.
Furthermore, the input end and the output end of the gear reduction mechanism are coaxially arranged, and the wheel hub, the driving motor and the flywheel power assembly are coaxially arranged.
Further, the input end and the output end of the gear speed reducing mechanism are not coaxially arranged.
Furthermore, one end of an output shaft of the flywheel power assembly is in transmission connection with the input end of the gear reduction mechanism, and the other end of the output shaft of the flywheel power assembly is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the driving motor.
Furthermore, one end of the main shaft of the driving motor is in transmission connection with the input end of the gear reduction mechanism, and the other end of the main shaft of the driving motor is in transmission connection with the output shaft of the flywheel power assembly.
Further, the flywheel powertrain includes:
the second planetary gear mechanism comprises a second gear ring, a second planetary gear, a second planet carrier and a second sun gear, and the second planet carrier is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output shaft;
the flywheel is in transmission connection with the second gear ring;
a motor/generator, the main shaft of which is in transmission connection with the second sun gear;
and a one-way clutch for preventing the flywheel and the second ring gear from rotating in reverse after the kinetic energy of the flywheel is released.
Further, the system also comprises a flywheel system controller, a driving motor inverter and a flywheel motor inverter;
the flywheel system controller and a battery management system control unit of the power battery system are in signal connection with a whole vehicle control unit of the vehicle, and the driving motor inverter and the flywheel motor inverter are in signal connection with the flywheel system controller;
the power battery system is electrically connected with the high-voltage control unit, the driving motor inverter and the flywheel motor inverter are both electrically connected with the high-voltage control unit, the driving motor inverter is electrically connected with the driving motor, and the flywheel motor inverter is electrically connected with a motor/generator of the flywheel power assembly.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses a vehicle wheel driving system adopts and highly integrates flywheel power assembly, driving motor, gear reduction mechanism, wheel hub and first planetary reducer, and power transmission circuit is short, efficient and arrange in a flexible way; the differential mechanism is not used, and the whole vehicle can realize a wide channel and a low floor; meanwhile, the flywheel power assembly utilizes mechanical energy to recycle and reuse high-efficiency kinetic energy, provides auxiliary power, effectively reduces the power of a driving motor and the consumption of electric energy, reduces the system cost, improves the vehicle power performance and the system safety, and the like.
Drawings
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wheel-side assembly of a wheel-side drive system for a vehicle according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic system configuration diagram of a wheel-side drive system of a vehicle in embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a wheel-side assembly of the wheel-side drive system of the vehicle according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a wheel-side drive system of a vehicle in embodiment 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a wheel-side drive system of a vehicle in embodiment 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a flywheel powertrain of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first planetary reduction gear of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a first planetary reducer 101, a first sun gear 102, a first planet carrier 103, and a first gear ring;
2. a driving motor 3 and a gear reduction mechanism;
4. a flywheel power assembly 401, a second gear ring 402, a second planetary gear 403, a second planet carrier 404, a second sun gear 405, a motor/generator 406, a flywheel 407, a one-way clutch 408 and an output shaft;
5. the system comprises a hub, 6, wheels, 7, a flywheel system controller, 8, a driving motor inverter, 9, a flywheel motor inverter, 10, a power battery system, 11, a whole vehicle control unit, 12 and a high-voltage control unit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic drawings, which illustrate the basic structure of the invention only in a schematic way, and thus show only the components that are relevant to the invention, and the directions and references (e.g., upper, lower, left, right, etc.) may be used only to help describe the features in the drawings. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is defined only by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, a wheel-side driving system for a vehicle comprises a first planetary reducer 1, a driving motor 2, a gear reduction mechanism 3 and a flywheel power assembly 4, wherein the flywheel power assembly 4 can convert kinetic energy of braking of the vehicle into kinetic energy of a flywheel 406 and release the kinetic energy to provide power when the vehicle starts or accelerates;
an output shaft 408 of the flywheel power assembly 4 is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the driving motor 2, one end of the output shaft 408 of the flywheel power assembly 4 is in transmission connection with an input end of the gear reduction mechanism 3, the other end of the output shaft 408 of the flywheel power assembly 4 is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the driving motor 2, an output end of the gear reduction mechanism 3 is in transmission connection with a first sun gear 101 of the first planetary reducer 1, a first planet carrier 102 of the first planetary reducer 1 is in transmission connection with a hub 5 of a vehicle, and a first gear ring 103 of the first planetary reducer 1 is fixedly connected with a shell of the flywheel power assembly 4 or a shell of the driving motor 2.
The gear reduction mechanism 3 is a parallel shaft gear reduction mechanism, the input end and the output end of the gear reduction mechanism 3 are coaxially arranged, and the hub 5, the driving motor 2 and the flywheel power assembly 4 are coaxially arranged.
The flywheel power assembly 4 in this embodiment includes:
a second planetary gear mechanism comprising a second ring gear 401, a second planetary gear 402, a second planet carrier 403 and a second sun gear 404, wherein the second planet carrier 403 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output shaft 408;
the flywheel 406 is in transmission connection with the second gear ring 401;
a motor/generator 405, a main shaft of the motor/generator 405 is in transmission connection with the second sun gear 404;
and a one-way clutch 407 for preventing the flywheel 406 and the second ring gear 401 from rotating in the reverse direction after the release of the kinetic energy of the flywheel 406 is completed.
The working principle of the flywheel power assembly 4 in this embodiment can be referred to as the working principle of the boosting energy-saving driving device in the driving device of the new energy automobile disclosed in chinese patent No. CN103171426B, and the second motor/generator in the boosting energy-saving driving device is equivalent to the motor/generator 405 in this application; reference may also be made to the working principle of the flywheel power assembly in the power assembly system of the pure electric heavy-duty commercial vehicle disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN 215204392U.
The system also comprises a flywheel system controller 7, a driving motor inverter 8 and a flywheel motor inverter 9;
the flywheel system controller 7 and the battery management system control unit of the power battery system 10 are in signal connection with a whole vehicle control unit 11 of the vehicle, and the driving motor inverter 8 and the flywheel motor inverter 9 are in signal connection with the flywheel system controller 7;
the power battery system 10 is electrically connected with the high-voltage control unit 12, the driving motor inverter 8 and the flywheel motor inverter 9 are electrically connected with the high-voltage control unit 12, the driving motor inverter 8 is electrically connected with the driving motor 2, and the flywheel motor inverter 9 is electrically connected with the motor/generator 405 of the flywheel power assembly 4.
In the embodiment, the power of a driving motor 2 and the power of a flywheel power assembly 4 are output in parallel, the torque is amplified through a gear speed reducing mechanism 3, the power is transmitted to a first planetary speed reducer 1 at the wheel edge of a wheel 6, and a wheel hub 5 of the wheel 6 is driven; therefore, the motor 2 can be driven at a high rotating speed, the power density is high, the efficiency is high, the volume and the weight are small, and the integration is easy;
in the embodiment, the wheel-side driving systems of the vehicle are arranged in pairs, and two wheels 6 symmetrically arranged on the vehicle are respectively provided with the wheel-side driving systems of the vehicle as an example;
starting the vehicle for the first time:
the wheel 6 is started in a braking state, the driving motor 2, the gear reduction mechanism 3 and the first planetary reducer 1 are all kept in a static state, namely, the second planetary carrier 403 of the flywheel power assembly 4 is fixed, the vehicle control unit 11 sends a signal to the flywheel system controller 7, the flywheel system controller 7 sends a signal to the flywheel motor inverter 9, the high-voltage control unit 5 obtains electric energy from the power battery system 6, the motor/generator 405 is powered by the flywheel motor inverter 9, the motor/generator 405 accelerates the second sun gear 404 through the second planetary gear mechanism to drive the flywheel 406 to pre-charge energy, and when the flywheel 406 reaches the highest rotating speed, the motor/generator 405 maintains the rotating speed of the flywheel 406 at a low power level, so that the pre-charging energy of the flywheel 406 is completed.
Vehicle starting and accelerating:
the motor/generator 405 drives the flywheel 406 to release kinetic energy with high power by positive torque, outputs the inertia kinetic energy of the flywheel 406 in a torque form, and outputs the power to the gear reduction mechanism 3 and the first planetary reducer 1 in parallel together with the driving motor 2 so as to drive the wheels 6, and the flywheel power assembly 4 is used as auxiliary power to help the vehicle start and accelerate when the vehicle starts and accelerates, thereby reducing the electric energy consumption of the driving motor 2.
And (3) medium-high speed cruising:
after the energy of the flywheel 406 is released and the rotation speed of the flywheel 406 is reduced to zero, the one-way clutch 407 reversely locks the second gear ring 401 to be fixed, at this time, the second planetary gear mechanism is used as a planetary reduction gear, the driving motor 2 and the motor/generator 405 are driven by positive torque to continuously drive the vehicle, the parallel driving of the double motors is realized, and the power required by the vehicle speed is maintained. Meanwhile, surplus power of the driving motor 2 is utilized to supplement energy to the flywheel 406, so that the flywheel 406 is maintained at a certain rotating speed and energy and is used as a backup power to accelerate overtaking instantaneously, and high-speed acceleration performance in the vehicle is improved.
And (3) decelerating and braking the vehicle:
vehicle deceleration, motor/generator 405 negative torque control, flywheel powertrain 4 high power recapture vehicle braking energy, recapture kinetic energy into flywheel 406 for mechanical energy storage, which kinetic energy is used for the next vehicle acceleration. The influences on the safety and the service life of the power battery system 10 caused by the fact that the power battery system 10 generates heat and is permanently damaged due to the fact that the power battery system 10 is recharged with the traditional electric brake in an instantaneous high-power, large-current and high-multiplying-power mode are greatly reduced, and particularly on heavy vehicles, the power of an electric drive system is large. The kinetic energy of the vehicle is absorbed by the instantaneous high power of the flywheel power assembly 4, and the method has the advantages that the mechanical energy recovery is not influenced by the chemical reaction speed of the active substances of the power battery system 10, and the efficiency is higher. The residual kinetic energy of the vehicle can be recovered by electric braking through the driving motor 2, so that the effect of peak clipping and valley filling is realized for the power battery system 10, the operation environment of the power battery system 10 is greatly improved, and the safety and the service life of the power battery system 10 are improved. Through the reciprocating recovery and the effective release utilization of the high-power mechanical energy of the flywheel 406, the power and the electric energy consumption of an electric driving system are greatly reduced, the system energy efficiency is effectively improved, and the electric driving system and the operation cost are reduced.
Vehicle reacceleration
The vehicle accelerates after being decelerated every time, the mechanical kinetic energy recovered by the flywheel 406 is fully utilized, and is released when the vehicle accelerates again, the effect of auxiliary power is achieved, the dynamic property of the whole vehicle is improved, and the electric energy consumption of a driving system is effectively reduced. If any one of the two driving units (the driving motor 2 or the flywheel power assembly 4) on the wheel edge has a fault, the other driving system is not influenced to drive the wheel 6 independently, the power-reducing operation of the system and the function of maintaining the electronic differential control are realized, the redundancy of the vehicle power system is increased, and the safety and the reliability of the vehicle are improved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, embodiment 2 differs from embodiment 1 in that: the driving motor 2 and the flywheel power assembly 4 are coaxially arranged, but the input end and the output end of the gear reduction mechanism 3 are not coaxially arranged; therefore, the gravity center of the driving system can be reduced, and the requirements of low floors of buses, passenger cars and ferry vehicles are met.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 5, embodiment 3 differs from embodiment 1 in that: one end of the main shaft of the driving motor 2 is in transmission connection with the input end of the gear reduction mechanism 3, and the other end of the main shaft of the driving motor is in transmission connection with the output shaft 408 of the flywheel power assembly 4.
For a special heavy vehicle, a large torque at the wheel edge is needed to transmit power, and because the motor/generator 405 of the flywheel power assembly 4 adopts a hollow shaft design, the increase of the radial size of the second planet carrier 403 is limited, in the coaxial scheme, the second planet carrier 403 cannot transmit the large torque, and a solid shaft of the driving motor 2 can be adopted to transmit the large torque. The flywheel power assembly 4 is modularly integrated into the existing wheel-side motor driving system vehicle and serves as an auxiliary driving and kinetic energy recovery system module, so that the power performance, the braking energy recovery efficiency and the energy efficiency of the vehicle are improved.
In light of the foregoing, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A vehicle wheel-side drive system characterized by: the vehicle braking system comprises a first planetary reducer (1), a driving motor (2), a gear reduction mechanism (3) and a flywheel power assembly (4) which can convert kinetic energy of vehicle braking into kinetic energy of a flywheel (406) and release the kinetic energy to provide power when the vehicle starts or accelerates;
an output shaft (408) of the flywheel power assembly (4) is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the driving motor (2), the output shaft (408) of the flywheel power assembly (4) or the main shaft of the driving motor (2) is in transmission connection with an input end of the gear reduction mechanism (3), an output end of the gear reduction mechanism (3) is in transmission connection with a first sun gear (101) of the first planetary reducer (1), a first planet carrier (102) of the first planetary reducer (1) is in transmission connection with a hub (5) of a vehicle, and a first gear ring (103) of the first planetary reducer (1) is fixedly connected with a shell of the flywheel power assembly (4) or a shell of the driving motor (2).
2. The vehicle wheel-side drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flywheel power assembly (4) and the driving motor (2) are coaxially arranged.
3. The vehicle wheel-side drive system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the gear reduction mechanism (3) is a parallel shaft gear reduction mechanism.
4. The vehicle wheel-side drive system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the input end and the output end of the gear speed reducing mechanism (3) are coaxially arranged, and the wheel hub (5), the driving motor (2) and the flywheel power assembly (4) are coaxially arranged.
5. The vehicle wheel-side drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the input end and the output end of the gear speed reducing mechanism (3) are not coaxially arranged.
6. The vehicle wheel-side drive system according to claim 2, characterized in that: one end of an output shaft (408) of the flywheel power assembly (4) is in transmission connection with the input end of the gear speed reducing mechanism (3), and the other end of the output shaft is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the driving motor (2).
7. The vehicle wheel-side drive system according to claim 2, characterized in that: one end of a main shaft of the driving motor (2) is in transmission connection with the input end of the gear reduction mechanism (3), and the other end of the main shaft of the driving motor is in transmission connection with an output shaft (408) of the flywheel power assembly (4).
8. The vehicle wheel-side drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flywheel powertrain (4) comprises:
the second planetary gear mechanism comprises a second gear ring (401), a second planetary gear (402), a second planet carrier (403) and a second sun gear (404), and the second planet carrier (403) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output shaft (408);
the flywheel (406) is in transmission connection with the second gear ring (401);
a motor/generator (405), wherein a main shaft of the motor/generator (405) is in transmission connection with the second sun gear (404);
and a one-way clutch (407) for preventing the flywheel (406) and the second ring gear (401) from rotating in reverse after the release of the kinetic energy of the flywheel (406) is completed.
9. The vehicle wheel-side drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the system also comprises a flywheel system controller (7), a driving motor inverter (8) and a flywheel motor inverter (9);
the flywheel system controller (7) and a battery management system control unit of the power battery system (10) are in signal connection with a whole vehicle control unit (11) of the vehicle, and the driving motor inverter (8) and the flywheel motor inverter (9) are in signal connection with the flywheel system controller (7);
the power battery system (10) is electrically connected with the high-voltage control unit (12), the driving motor inverter (8) and the flywheel motor inverter (9) are electrically connected with the high-voltage control unit (12), the driving motor inverter (8) is electrically connected with the driving motor (2), and the flywheel motor inverter (9) is electrically connected with the motor/generator (405) of the flywheel power assembly (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123441635.XU CN217099666U (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Vehicle wheel driving system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123441635.XU CN217099666U (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Vehicle wheel driving system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN217099666U true CN217099666U (en) | 2022-08-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123441635.XU Active CN217099666U (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Vehicle wheel driving system |
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| CN (1) | CN217099666U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-12-31 CN CN202123441635.XU patent/CN217099666U/en active Active
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