CN216878713U - Circulating fluidized bed semi-dry process is demercuration SOx/NOx control system in coordination - Google Patents
Circulating fluidized bed semi-dry process is demercuration SOx/NOx control system in coordination Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a circulating fluidized bed semi-dry method cooperative demercuration desulfurization and denitrification system, wherein an outlet of first oxidant feeding equipment and quicklimeThe feeding equipment is connected with the quicklime feeding equipment which is communicated with an inlet flue of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower inlet; the process water nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower, and the process water adding equipment is connected with the process water nozzle; the pre-dust collector is arranged at the top of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower and is connected with a flue gas inlet of the bag-type dust collector; the modifier feeding equipment and the second oxidant feeding equipment are both connected with a modifier, and the modifier is connected with an ash bucket of the bag-type dust collector through a feeder; the modifying machine is connected with the modified ash injection device, a modified ash outlet of the modified ash injection device is connected with the modified ash spray gun, and the modified ash spray gun is arranged at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower and is positioned above the process water nozzle. The utility model can realize the SO of the flue gas circulating fluidized bed2And the NOx and the Hg are removed in a synergistic manner, and the cost of a power plant can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of atmospheric environment protection, and relates to a circulating fluidized bed semi-dry method cooperative demercuration, desulfurization and denitrification system.
Background
Coal accounts for 90% of primary energy reserves, the energy consumption is mainly coal, the total consumption of coal accounts for about 75% of the primary energy consumption, and the coal consumption is gradually increased along with the continuous and steady development of social economy in recent years. Coal-fired power generation is a main industry of coal consumption, energy enterprises represented by thermal power plants are developed rapidly, and SO is generated while coal is fired2Dust, NOXAnd mercury and other atmospheric pollutants, which seriously affect the environment and the healthy life of people. At present stage, take offThe main technologies of sulfur denitration are limestone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurization and selective catalytic reduction denitration, the technology is mature, the demercuration technology is still in a starting stage, the main demercuration technology of a coal-fired power plant is activated carbon injection demercuration, however, the activated carbon injection demercuration cost is high, the activated carbon utilization rate is low, and economic burden is caused to the coal-fired power plant.
Most of the larger coal-fired generator sets adopt limestone-gypsum wet desulphurization and selective catalytic reduction denitration technologies, and can play a certain role in mercury removal. But for small coal-fired power plants or water-deficient areas, the defects of large water consumption and high operation cost of wet desulphurization are obvious, so the circulating fluidized bed flue gas desulphurization technology becomes the preferred flue gas desulphurization technology for small power plants and water-deficient areas, and has the advantages of less investment, low operation cost, capability of making bricks by using the desulphurization ash and the like. The traditional circulating fluidized bed technology is only used for controlling the SO of the flue gas pollutants2The removal effect of NOx and mercury is very small, and in order to improve the integrated removal effect of the smoke pollutants, Chinese patent CN103706246A discloses a combined desulfurization and demercuration device of a smoke circulating fluidized bed, wherein the combined desulfurization and demercuration is realized by conveying quicklime and activated carbon into a circulating fluidized bed reactor; chinese patent CN103977702A discloses a flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and demercuration integrated device and method for a circulating fluidized bed, wherein the structure of a reaction tower is improved and operation parameters are optimized by adding an oxidant into a desulfurization absorbent, and NOx and Hg are realized while the desulfurization efficiency is ensured0The catalytic oxidation of the circulating fluidized bed achieves the aim of integrally removing the smoke pollutants of the circulating fluidized bed, and the method has the defects of low utilization rate of the oxidant, high price and the like. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to develop a novel device for removing multiple pollutants in a synergistic manner, SO that the device can remove the pollutants SO2NOx and mercury are removed simultaneously, while reducing operating costs.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a circulating fluidized bed semi-dry method synergistic demercuration desulfurization and denitrification systemNovel flue gas circulating fluidized bed SO2And the NOx and the Hg are removed in a synergistic manner, and the cost of a power plant can be reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
a semi-dry method collaborative demercuration desulfurization and denitrification system of a circulating fluidized bed comprises quicklime feeding equipment, first oxidant feeding equipment, process water feeding equipment, a process water nozzle, a circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower, a pre-dust remover, a bag-type dust remover, modifier feeding equipment, second oxidant feeding equipment, a feeder, a modifier, a modified ash injection device and a modified ash spray gun;
the outlet of the first oxidant feeding device is connected with a quicklime feeding device, and the outlet of the quicklime feeding device is communicated with an inlet flue of the inlet of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower;
the process water nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower, and the process water adding equipment is connected with the process water nozzle;
the pre-dust collector is arranged at the top of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower, and a flue gas inlet of the bag-type dust collector is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the pre-dust collector;
the modifier feeding equipment and the second oxidant feeding equipment are both connected with a modifier, and the modifier is connected with an ash hopper of the bag-type dust collector through a feeder; the discharge port of the modifying machine is connected with the modified ash inlet of the modified ash injection device, the modified ash outlet of the modified ash injection device is connected with the modified ash spray gun, and the modified ash spray gun is arranged at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower and is positioned above the process water nozzle.
Preferably, the first oxidant feeding device comprises a first oxidant storage tank, a first oxidant feeding pump and a first oxidant feeding valve, an inlet of the first oxidant feeding pump is connected with the first oxidant storage tank, an outlet of the first oxidant storage tank is connected with the quicklime feeding device, and the first oxidant feeding valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting an outlet of the first oxidant storage tank and the quicklime feeding device;
the process water feeding equipment comprises a process water tank and a process water pump, wherein an inlet of the process water pump is connected with the process water tank, an outlet of the process water pump is connected with a process water nozzle, and a process water valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the outlet of the process water pump and the process water nozzle.
Preferably, the quicklime feeding equipment comprises a quicklime storage bin, a quicklime feeding valve, a quicklime feeder, a first roots blower and a quicklime nozzle, wherein a discharge port of the quicklime storage bin is connected with the quicklime feeder, the quicklime feeding valve is arranged at a discharge port of the quicklime storage bin, an inlet of the quicklime feeder is provided with an oxidant adding port, and an outlet of the first oxidant feeding equipment is connected with the oxidant adding port; a discharge port of the quicklime feeder is connected with a quicklime nozzle through a pipeline, and the quicklime nozzle is arranged on an inlet flue of an inlet of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower; the export of first roots's fan and the pipeline intercommunication that quick lime dispenser's discharge gate and quick lime nozzle are connected.
Preferably, the first ash collector of the pre-dust remover is connected with the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower, and the connecting point is positioned below the process water nozzle;
the second ash collector of the bag-type dust collector is connected with the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower, and the connection point is positioned below the process water nozzle.
Preferably, the modifying machine is a mixing grinder, the modifying machine is provided with a modifying agent inlet, an oxidant inlet, an ash inlet and a modified ash outlet, outlets of the modifying agent adding equipment and the second oxidant adding equipment are respectively connected with the modifying agent inlet and the oxidant inlet, the ash inlet is connected with a discharge port of the feeding machine, and the modified ash outlet is connected with a modified ash inlet of the modified ash injection device.
Preferably, the modifier feeding equipment comprises a modifier storage tank and a modifier feeding pump, wherein an inlet of the modifier feeding pump is connected with the modifier storage tank, an outlet of the modifier feeding pump is connected with the modifier, and a pipeline connecting the outlet of the modifier feeding pump and the modifier is provided with a modifier feeding valve;
the second oxidant feeding equipment comprises a second oxidant storage tank and a second oxidant feeding pump, an inlet of the second oxidant feeding pump is connected with the second oxidant storage tank, an outlet of the second oxidant feeding pump is connected with the modifying machine, and a second oxidant feeding valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting the outlet of the second oxidant feeding pump and the modifying machine.
Preferably, the modified ash injection device comprises a modified ash inlet, an air inlet and a mixed flow outlet, the air inlet is opposite to the mixed flow outlet, the modified ash inlet is positioned between the air inlet and the mixed flow outlet, the modified ash inlet is communicated with a discharge hole of the modifying machine, the air inlet is connected with a second Roots blower, and the mixed flow outlet is connected with a modified ash spray gun;
the modified ash spray gun adopts a rotational flow atomization spray gun.
Preferably, the circulating fluidized bed semidry method collaborative demercuration desulfurization and denitrification system further comprises an ash bin, a second ash collector of the bag-type dust collector is connected with an ash hopper through a first pipeline and is connected with the ash bin through a second pipeline, and the feeding machine is further connected with the ash bin;
preferably, the circulating fluidized bed semidry method collaborative demercuration desulfurization and denitrification system further comprises an induced draft fan and a pollutant monitoring device, wherein an inlet of the induced draft fan is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the bag-type dust collector, and the pollutant monitoring device is arranged at an outlet of the induced draft fan.
Preferably, the system for the desulfurization and denitrification through cooperation of the circulating fluidized bed and the mercury removal by the semidry method further comprises a chimney, and an outlet of the induced draft fan is connected with the chimney.
The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
in the system for desulfurization and denitrification by cooperation of semidry method and demercuration of the circulating fluidized bed, the first oxidant feeding device is arranged, the oxidant can be added into the quick lime powder in the quick lime feeding device, and NO and Hg in the flue gas can be reacted through catalytic oxidation reaction of the oxidant0Respectively oxidized to NO of high solubility2、N2O3And mercury in an oxidized state (Hg)2+) Further leading SOx, NOx and gaseous elementary mercury (Hg) in the flue gas0) Respectively converting the pollutants into CaSO3、CaSO4、Ca(NO3)2And mercury in an oxidized state (e.g., HgO, HgCl)2) And the like, and are adsorbed by solid particles, thereby realizing the primary removal of pollutants such as SOx, NOx, Hg and the like in the flue gas; dust removal through cloth bagThe device can further separate fine dust in the flue gas, reduce the emission of pollutants, simultaneously utilize the modification machine to enable the dust in the desulfurized flue gas to react with the oxidant and the modifier in a mixing way, can absorb and control mercury in the dust, introduce the modified ash into the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower through the modified ash injection device and the modified ash spray gun for circulation, and utilize flue gas components in the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower, such as SO2、NO、H2O affects the oxidation of mercury, SO that SO2And O2Oxidizing mercury to HgSO4Further absorption control of Hg is facilitated. In conclusion, the utility model can realize Hg and SO of the flue gas circulating fluidized bed2And the synergistic removal of NOx. The method has the advantages that the method can reasonably and circularly utilize the desulfurization ash of the circulating fluidized bed while realizing the cooperative high-efficiency demercuration, desulfurization and denitrification, realizes resource recycling, solves the problems of high price of the activated carbon and high cost of the power plant, and can greatly reduce the investment of the power plant.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a demercuration desulfurization and denitrification system with a structure schematic of a circulating fluidized bed semidry method cooperated with the demercuration desulfurization and denitrification system.
Wherein, 1 is a lime storage bin, 2 is a lime feeding valve, 3 is a lime feeder, 4 is a first Roots blower, 5 is a first oxidant storage tank, 6 is a first oxidant feeding pump, 7 is a first oxidant feeding valve, 8 is a process water tank, 9 is a process water pump, 10 is a process water valve, 11 is a process water nozzle, 12 is a lime nozzle, 13 is an inlet flue, 14 is a circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower, 15 is a pre-dust catcher, 16 is a first ash collector, 17 is a bag-type dust remover, 18 is a second ash collector, 19 is an ash hopper, 20 is a feeder, 21 is a modifier storage tank, 22 is a modifier feeding pump, 23 is a modifier feeding valve, 24 is a second oxidant storage tank, 25 is a second oxidant feeding pump, 26 is a second oxidant feeding valve, 27 is a modifier, 28 is a second Roots blower, 29 is a modified ash injection device, 30 is a rotational flow atomization spray gun, 31 is an ash storehouse, 32 is a draught fan, 33 is a pollutant monitoring device, and 34 is a chimney.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further explained in detail by the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the system for desulfurization and denitrification by cooperation of semidry process and demercuration of the circulating fluidized bed comprises quicklime feeding equipment, first oxidant feeding equipment, process water feeding equipment, a process water nozzle 11, a circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14, a pre-dust collector 15, a bag-type dust collector 17, modifier feeding equipment, second oxidant feeding equipment, a feeder 20, a modifier 27, a modified ash injection device 29 and a modified ash spray gun; the outlet of the first oxidant feeding device is connected with a quicklime feeding device, and the outlet of the quicklime feeding device is communicated with an inlet flue 13 of the inlet of a circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower 14; the process water nozzle 11 is arranged at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14, and the process water adding equipment is connected with the process water nozzle 11; the pre-dust remover 15 is arranged at the top of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14, and a flue gas inlet of the bag-type dust remover 17 is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the pre-dust remover 15; the modifier adding equipment and the second oxidant adding equipment are both connected with a modifier 27, and the modifier 27 is connected with an ash hopper 19 of a bag-type dust remover 17 through a feeder 20; the discharge port of the modifying machine 27 is connected with the modified ash inlet of the modified ash injection device 29, the modified ash outlet of the modified ash injection device 29 is connected with the modified ash spray gun, and the modified ash spray gun is arranged at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower 14 and is positioned above the process water nozzle 11.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first oxidant feeding device comprises a first oxidant storage tank 5, a first oxidant feeding pump 6 and a first oxidant feeding valve 7, an inlet of the first oxidant feeding pump 6 is connected with the first oxidant storage tank 5, an outlet of the first oxidant storage tank 5 is connected with the quicklime feeding device, and the first oxidant feeding valve 7 is arranged on a pipeline connecting an outlet of the first oxidant storage tank 5 with the quicklime feeding device;
the process water adding equipment comprises a process water tank 8 and a process water pump 9, wherein an inlet of the process water pump 9 is connected with the process water tank 8, an outlet of the process water pump 9 is connected with a process water nozzle 11, and a process water valve 10 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the outlet of the process water pump 9 and the process water nozzle 11.
As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the quicklime feeding equipment comprises a quicklime storage bin 1, a quicklime feeding valve 2, a quicklime feeder 3, a first roots blower 4 and a quicklime nozzle 12, wherein a discharge hole of the quicklime storage bin 1 is connected with the quicklime feeder 3, the quicklime feeding valve 2 is arranged at a discharge hole of the quicklime storage bin 1, an inlet of the quicklime feeder 3 is provided with an oxidant adding port, and an outlet of the first oxidant feeding equipment is connected with the oxidant adding port; a discharge port of the quicklime feeder 3 is connected with a quicklime nozzle 12 through a pipeline, and the quicklime nozzle 12 is arranged on an inlet flue 13 of an inlet of a circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower 14; the outlet of the first Roots blower 4 is communicated with a pipeline which connects the discharge hole of the quicklime feeder 3 with the quicklime nozzle 12.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first ash collector 16 of the pre-precipitator 15 is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14 at a connection point below the process water nozzle 11;
the second ash collector of the bag-type dust collector 17 is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14 at a connection point below the process water nozzle 11.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the modifying machine 27 is a mixing grinder, the modifying machine 27 is provided with a modifying agent inlet, an oxidizing agent inlet, an ash inlet and a modified ash outlet, outlets of the modifying agent adding device and the second oxidizing agent adding device are respectively connected with the modifying agent inlet and the oxidizing agent inlet, the ash inlet is connected with a discharge port of the feeding machine 20, and the modified ash outlet is connected with the modified ash inlet of the modified ash injection device 29.
As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the modifier adding equipment comprises a modifier storage tank 21 and a modifier feeding pump 22, wherein the inlet of the modifier feeding pump 22 is connected with the modifier storage tank 21, the outlet of the modifier feeding pump 22 is connected with the modifier 27, and a modifier feeding valve 23 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the outlet of the modifier feeding pump 22 with the modifier 27;
the second oxidant feeding device comprises a second oxidant storage tank 24 and a second oxidant feeding pump 25, an inlet of the second oxidant feeding pump 25 is connected with the second oxidant storage tank 24, an outlet of the second oxidant feeding pump 25 is connected with the modifying machine 27, and a second oxidant feeding valve 26 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the outlet of the second oxidant feeding pump 25 and the modifying machine 27.
As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the modified ash injection device 29 comprises a modified ash inlet, an air inlet and a mixed flow outlet, wherein the air inlet is opposite to the mixed flow outlet, the modified ash inlet is positioned between the air inlet and the mixed flow outlet, the modified ash inlet is communicated with a discharge hole of the modifying machine 27, the air inlet is connected with a second Roots blower 28, and the mixed flow outlet is connected with a modified ash spray gun;
the modified ash spray gun adopts a rotational flow atomization spray gun.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system for collaborative demercuration, desulfurization and denitration by circulating fluidized bed semidry method further comprises an ash storage 31, wherein the second ash collector 18 of the bag-type dust collector 17 is connected with the ash bucket 19 through a first pipeline and is connected with the ash storage 31 through a second pipeline, and the feeder 20 is further connected with the ash storage 31;
the semi-dry method collaborative demercuration desulfurization and denitrification system of the circulating fluidized bed further comprises an induced draft fan 32 and a pollutant monitoring device 33, wherein an inlet of the induced draft fan 32 is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the bag-type dust collector 17, and the pollutant monitoring device 33 is arranged at an outlet of the induced draft fan 32;
the system for the desulfurization and the denitrification through the cooperation of the circulating fluidized bed and the semi-dry method also comprises a chimney 34, and an outlet of the induced draft fan 32 is connected with the chimney 34.
The working process of the circulating fluidized bed semi-dry method cooperative demercuration desulfurization and denitrification system comprises the following steps:
adding an oxidizing agent into the quicklime powder in the quicklime adding equipment through first oxidizing agent adding equipment;
conveying quicklime powder added with an oxidant to an inlet flue 13 at the inlet of a circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower 14 through quicklime adding equipment;
spraying process water to a circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14 through process water adding equipment and a process water nozzle 11 to humidify and activate and adjust the smoke temperature;
the flue gas is mixed with the oxidant in the inlet flue 13 and then enters the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14, and the flue gas reacts with the oxidant and the quick lime in the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14, so that the flue gas is subjected to demercuration, desulfurization and denitration;
the flue gas after reaction in the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14 enters a pre-dust remover 15 from the top of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14 for preliminary dust removal;
the flue gas after the preliminary dust removal enters a bag-type dust remover 17 for dust removal;
dust obtained after dust removal by the bag-type dust remover 17 enters the modifying machine 27 through the dust hopper 19 and the feeding machine 20;
adding an oxidant and a modifier into the modifying machine 27 by a modifier adding device and a second oxidant adding device respectively;
adding an oxidant, a modifier and ash to react in a modifier 27, and absorbing Hg in the ash to obtain modified ash;
the modified ash is sent to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14 through the modified ash injection device 29 and the modified ash spray gun for mercury removal, desulfurization and denitration again.
The oxidant is a mixed solution of one or more of potassium permanganate, sodium chlorite, sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide and chlorine dioxide as solutes; the mass of the oxidant added into the quicklime powder in the quicklime adding equipment by the first oxidant adding equipment is 0.5-5% of that of the quicklime powder, and the mass of the oxidant added into the modifying machine 27 by the second oxidant adding equipment is 0.5-5% of that of dust obtained after dust removal by the bag-type dust remover 17;
the modifier is a halide solution, the solute of the halide solution is one or a mixed solution of more of hydrogen chloride, ammonium chloride, hydrogen bromide and ammonium bromide, and the mass ratio of the modifier to ash is 0.001-0.1: 1.
Examples
The system for the desulfurization and denitrification by the cooperation of the circulating fluidized bed and the mercury removal by the semidry method mainly comprises the following steps: circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower 14: SO (SO)2Main places where various pollutants such as NOx and Hg react with the absorbent and a flue gas channel; inlet flue 13: the boiler coming smoke enters from the boilerEntering a circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower 14; the quick lime storage bin 1 is connected with a quick lime feeder 3, the quick lime feeder 3 is connected with an inlet flue 13, a first Roots blower 4 is connected to a pipeline connecting the quick lime feeder 3 and the inlet flue 13, the first Roots blower 4 is used for blowing quick lime powder in the quick lime feeder 3 into the inlet flue 13, the quick lime powder and flue gas in the inlet flue 13 are mixed and then enter the bottom of a circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower 14, then reaction is carried out inside the circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower 14, an oxidant adding port is arranged at the inlet of the quick lime feeder 3, a first oxidant storage tank 5 is arranged, a first oxidant feeding pump 6 is connected to the first oxidant storage tank 5, the outlet of the first oxidant feeding pump 6 is connected with the oxidant adding port, and a first oxidant feeding valve 7 is arranged on the connecting pipeline; the process water tank 8, the process water pump 9 and the process water nozzle 11 are connected in sequence, and the process water nozzle 11 is arranged at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14; according to the flow direction of the flue gas, a circulating fluidized bed reaction tower 14, a pre-dust remover 15, a bag-type dust remover 17, an induced draft fan 32, a pollutant monitoring device 33 and a chimney 34 are arranged in sequence; a desulfurization ash modification device is arranged below the bag-type dust remover 17 and comprises a modification machine 27, a modifier adding device and a second oxidant adding device, a modified ash injection pipeline 29 is arranged between the desulfurization ash modification device and the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14, the modified ash injection pipeline 29 is connected with a rotational flow atomization spray gun 30 arranged at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14, the modified desulfurization ash rotational flow atomization spray gun 30 enters the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14, a second roots blower 28 is connected to the modified ash injection pipeline 29 and is used for providing carrier gas, and the modified ash in the modified ash injection pipeline 29 is injected into the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14.
The modifier added by the modifier adding equipment is halide, the halide used for modification can be one or a mixture of hydrogen chloride, ammonium chloride, hydrogen bromide and ammonium bromide, the mass ratio of the halide to the desulfurization ash is 0.001-0.1: 1, and the absorption effect of the halogen (taking Cl as an example) on Hg can be represented by the following reaction:
Hg+Cl→HgCl
HgCl+Cl2→HgCl2+Cl
Hg+Cl2→HgCl2
2Hg+4HCl+O2→2HgCl2+2H2O
while halogens play an important role in the oxidation of elemental mercury, other flue gas components such as SO2、NO、H2O also affects the oxidation of mercury to some extent. SO (SO)2And O2It is also possible to oxidize mercury to HgSO4The specific reaction equation is as follows:
Cl2+SO2+H2O→2HCl+SO3
HgCl2(g)+SO2(g)+O2(g)→Cl2(g)+HgSO4(g)
Hg(g)+SO2(g)+O2(g)→HgSO4(g)
both of the above reactions may promote further absorption control of Hg.
The oxidant added by the first oxidant adding equipment and the second oxidant adding equipment can be one of potassium permanganate, sodium chlorite, sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide and chlorine dioxide or a mixture of concentrated solutions, and the mass of the oxidant is 0.5-5% of that of the absorbent calcium oxide. NO and Hg in the flue gas are subjected to catalytic oxidation reaction0Respectively oxidized to NO of high solubility2、N2O3And mercury in an oxidized state (Hg)2+) Further leading SOx, NOx and gaseous elementary mercury (Hg) in the flue gas0) Respectively converting the pollutants into CaSO3、CaSO4、Ca(NO3)2And mercury in an oxidized state (e.g., HgO, HgCl)2) And the like, and are adsorbed by solid particles, so that the pollutants of SOx, NOx, Hg and the like in the flue gas are removed at one time, taking potassium permanganate as an example, the reaction formula is as follows:
the desulfurized ash in the ash bucket 19 of the bag-type dust remover 17 enters the modifying machine for modification reaction and grinding treatment at the same time, so that the fineness of the modified ash is ensured.
And a smoke pollutant online real-time detection device is arranged at the inlet of the chimney.
The working process of the circulating fluidized bed semidry method cooperated with the demercuration, desulfurization and denitrification system comprises the following steps:
(1) before the circulating fluidized bed semidry method is cooperated with the demercuration desulfurization and denitrification system to work, quicklime needs to be added into a quicklime storage bin 1, an oxidant needs to be added into a first oxidant storage tank and a second oxidant storage tank, and a modifier needs to be added into a modifier storage tank;
(2) starting a first Roots blower 4, opening a quicklime feeding valve 2, opening a first oxidant feeding valve 7, providing power by using the first Roots blower 4, and pneumatically conveying and injecting quicklime into an inlet flue 13 connected with an inlet of a circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower 14 through a quicklime feeder 3; and meanwhile, a process water valve 10 is opened, a process water pump 9 is started, and process water in a process water tank 8 is sprayed into the bottom of a circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14 to play roles in humidifying and activating and adjusting smoke temperature.
(3) Flue gas enters a circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14 from a boiler tail flue and an inlet flue 13, the flue gas reacts with absorbent quicklime and an oxidant in the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14, the reacted flue gas enters a pre-dust collector 15 from the top of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower 14, the flue gas enters a flue gas bag-type dust collector 17 after being subjected to primary dust collection by the pre-dust collector 15, and purified flue gas enters a chimney 34 through an induced draft fan 32 after being subjected to dust collection by the bag-type dust collector 17 and is discharged into the atmosphere.
(4) Part of the ash collected by the ash bucket 19 of the bag-type dust collector 17 enters the modifying machine 27 through the feeding machine 20, and when the concentration of the Hg discharged by the flue gas is close to or exceeds 0.03mg/m according to the concentration of the Hg discharged by the flue gas monitored by the pollutant monitoring device 33 at the inlet of the chimney3During the process, the ash taking amount of the ash bucket is increased through feedback regulation, and the rest of the ash bucket directly enters the ash storage 31; desulfurized ash is taken from the ash storehouse 31 and enters the modifying machine 27 through the feeding machine 20 for material mixing modification and grinding, and the particle size of the modified ash is ensured to be less than 0.5 mm;at the same time, the device 33 monitors Hg and SO according to the pollutants at the inlet of the chimney2NOx monitoring data adjust first and second oxidant feeding valves (7, 26) and a quicklime feeder 1 to control the feeding amount of the oxidant and the quicklime; the desulfurized fly ash is modified by the modifying machine 27 and then enters the modified fly ash injection device 29, the second roots blower 28 is opened, the second roots blower 28 provides air as carrier gas, and the modified fly ash is uniformly injected into the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower 14 through the swirl atomizing spray gun 30. And finally, the purified flue gas enters a chimney through a draught fan and is discharged into the atmosphere.
In conclusion, the utility model utilizes the halide to modify the desulfurized fly ash, improves the activity of the desulfurized fly ash and realizes the Hg and SO of the flue gas circulating fluidized bed2And the synergistic removal of NOx. The method has the advantages that the method can reasonably and circularly utilize the desulfurization ash of the circulating fluidized bed while realizing the cooperative high-efficiency demercuration, desulfurization and denitrification, realizes resource recycling, solves the problems of high price of the activated carbon and high cost of the power plant, and can greatly reduce the investment of the power plant. The desulfurization, denitrification and demercuration byproduct produced by the method is high in stability, the byproduct is mainly collected by the bag-type dust collector and stored in the ash storehouse, and pollutants in the byproduct are not easy to precipitate secondarily, so that secondary pollution is avoided, and the byproduct can be finally transported out of a factory by a tank truck and can be used as other industrial raw materials. The utility model can be used for controlling the Hg and SO at the inlet of the chimney2And the real-time monitoring result of NOx is obtained, the feeding amount of the absorbent, the oxidant, the modifier and the modified ash is adjusted and controlled in time, the material consumption of quicklime and the like can be saved to a certain degree, and the high-efficiency pollutant removal rate can be ensured.
Claims (10)
1. The semi-dry-method collaborative demercuration desulfurization and denitrification system for the circulating fluidized bed is characterized by comprising quicklime feeding equipment, first oxidant feeding equipment, process water feeding equipment, a process water nozzle (11), a circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower (14), a pre-dust collector (15), a bag-type dust collector (17), modifier feeding equipment, second oxidant feeding equipment, a feeding machine (20), a modifier (27), a modified ash injection device (29) and a modified ash spray gun;
the outlet of the first oxidant feeding device is connected with a quicklime feeding device, and the outlet of the quicklime feeding device is communicated with an inlet flue (13) of the inlet of a circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower (14);
the process water nozzle (11) is arranged at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower (14), and the process water adding equipment is connected with the process water nozzle (11);
the pre-dust collector (15) is arranged at the top of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower (14), and a flue gas inlet of the bag-type dust collector (17) is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the pre-dust collector (15);
the modifier feeding equipment and the second oxidant feeding equipment are both connected with a modifier (27), and the modifier (27) is connected with an ash hopper (19) of a bag-type dust collector (17) through a feeder (20); the discharge hole of the modifying machine (27) is connected with a modified ash inlet of a modified ash injection device (29), a modified ash outlet of the modified ash injection device (29) is connected with a modified ash spray gun, and the modified ash spray gun is arranged at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower (14) and is positioned above the process water nozzle (11).
2. The system for collaborative demercuration, desulfurization and denitrification through the semidry method of the circulating fluidized bed according to claim 1, wherein the first oxidant feeding device comprises a first oxidant storage tank (5), a first oxidant feeding pump (6) and a first oxidant feeding valve (7), an inlet of the first oxidant feeding pump (6) is connected with the first oxidant storage tank (5), an outlet of the first oxidant storage tank (5) is connected with a quicklime feeding device, and the first oxidant feeding valve (7) is arranged on a pipeline connecting the outlet of the first oxidant storage tank (5) and the quicklime feeding device;
the process water adding equipment comprises a process water tank (8) and a process water pump (9), wherein an inlet of the process water pump (9) is connected with the process water tank (8), an outlet of the process water pump (9) is connected with a process water nozzle (11), and a process water valve (10) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the outlet of the process water pump (9) and the process water nozzle (11).
3. The system for collaborative demercuration, desulfurization and denitrification through the semidry method of the circulating fluidized bed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a quicklime feeding device comprises a quicklime storage bin (1), a quicklime feeding valve (2), a quicklime feeder (3), a first roots blower (4) and a quicklime nozzle (12), wherein a discharge port of the quicklime storage bin (1) is connected with the quicklime feeder (3), the quicklime feeding valve (2) is arranged at a discharge port of the quicklime storage bin (1), an inlet of the quicklime feeder (3) is provided with an oxidant adding port, and an outlet of the first oxidant feeding device is connected with the oxidant adding port; a discharge port of the quicklime feeder (3) is connected with a quicklime nozzle (12) through a pipeline, and the quicklime nozzle (12) is arranged on an inlet flue (13) of an inlet of a circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower (14); the outlet of the first Roots blower (4) is communicated with a pipeline which is connected with a quick lime nozzle (12) and the discharge hole of the quick lime feeder (3).
4. The system for desulfurization and denitrification cooperated with semidry circulating fluidized bed process according to claim 1, wherein the first ash collector (16) of the pre-dust collector (15) is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower (14), and the connection point is located below the process water nozzle (11);
the second ash collector of the bag-type dust collector (17) is connected with the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed desulfurizing tower (14), and the connecting point is positioned below the process water nozzle (11).
5. The system for desulfurization and denitrification cooperated with semidry method of circulating fluidized bed according to claim 1, wherein the modifying machine (27) adopts a mixer grinder, the modifying machine (27) is provided with a modifier inlet, an oxidant inlet, an ash inlet and a modified ash outlet, outlets of a modifier feeding device and a second oxidant feeding device are respectively connected with the modifier inlet and the oxidant inlet, the ash inlet is connected with a discharge port of the feeder (20), and the modified ash outlet is connected with the modified ash inlet of the modified ash injection device (29).
6. The system for collaborative demercuration, desulfurization and denitrification according to the semi-dry method of the circulating fluidized bed and according to the claim 1 or 5, characterized in that a modifier feeding device comprises a modifier storage tank (21) and a modifier feeding pump (22), wherein an inlet of the modifier feeding pump (22) is connected with the modifier storage tank (21), an outlet of the modifier feeding pump (22) is connected with the modifier (27), and a modifier feeding valve (23) is arranged on a pipeline connecting the outlet of the modifier feeding pump (22) and the modifier (27);
the second oxidant feeding equipment comprises a second oxidant storage tank (24) and a second oxidant feeding pump (25), an inlet of the second oxidant feeding pump (25) is connected with the second oxidant storage tank (24), an outlet of the second oxidant feeding pump (25) is connected with the modifying machine (27), and a second oxidant feeding valve (26) is arranged on a pipeline connecting the outlet of the second oxidant feeding pump (25) and the modifying machine (27).
7. The system for the desulfurization and the denitration through the cooperation of the semi-dry method and the mercury removal of the circulating fluidized bed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified ash injection device (29) comprises a modified ash inlet, an air inlet and a mixed flow outlet, the air inlet is opposite to the mixed flow outlet, the modified ash inlet is positioned between the air inlet and the mixed flow outlet, the modified ash inlet is communicated with a discharge port of the modifying machine (27), the air inlet is connected with a second roots blower (28), and the mixed flow outlet is connected with a modified ash spray gun;
the modified ash spray gun adopts a rotational flow atomization spray gun.
8. The system of claim 1, further comprising an ash storage (31), wherein the second ash collector (18) of the bag-type dust collector (17) is connected to the ash hopper (19) through a first pipeline, is connected to the ash storage (31) through a second pipeline, and the feeder (20) is further connected to the ash storage (31).
9. The system for the desulfurization and the denitration through the cooperation of the semi-dry method and the mercury removal of the circulating fluidized bed according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising an induced draft fan (32) and a pollutant monitoring device (33), wherein an inlet of the induced draft fan (32) is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the bag-type dust collector (17), and the pollutant monitoring device (33) is arranged at an outlet of the induced draft fan (32).
10. The system for the desulfurization and the denitration by the semidry method cooperated with the mercury removal of the circulating fluidized bed according to claim 9, further comprising a chimney (34), wherein an outlet of the induced draft fan (32) is connected with the chimney (34).
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