CN216722048U

CN216722048U - Suspension type corn and soybean intercropping planting, sowing and fertilizing integrated machine

Info

Publication number: CN216722048U
Application number: CN202220241399.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨国虎; 李筱萌; 朱丰; 党根友; 佘奎军; 程晋龙; 吴瑞; 雍伟基; 杨益春
Original assignee: CROP Research Institute of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Current assignee: CROP Research Institute of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Priority date: 2022-01-29
Filing date: 2022-01-29
Publication date: 2022-06-14
Anticipated expiration: 2032-01-29

Abstract

The utility model provides a suspension type corn and soybean intercropping planting, sowing and fertilizing all-in-one machine, which comprises: the fertilizer applying machine comprises a fertilizer applying rack for mounting a fertilizer bin, a seeding rack for mounting a seed box, and a horizontal suspension which is arranged at the front end of the fertilizer applying rack and used for dragging the seeding rack and the fertilizer applying rack to move together; wherein, the seed material box is formed by arranging five independent material boxes at intervals of 30-40 cm, and the seeding rack is connected with the fertilizing rack through an elastic hinge mechanism; horizontal suspension passes through the second suspension axle with the middle part of fertilization frame and articulates, and the middle section of horizontal suspension is articulating and is promoting the hydro-cylinder, and the play pole end that promotes the hydro-cylinder is articulated through first suspension axle with the upper portion of fertilization frame, mainly used with maize and soybean 2:3, performing ditching and seeding operation by row seed comparison.

Description

Suspension type corn and soybean intercropping planting, sowing and fertilizing integrated machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a seeding and fertilizing integrated machine for intercropping planting, in particular to a suspension type seeding and fertilizing integrated machine for intercropping planting of corn and soybean.

Background

The corn and soybean intercropping composite planting mode utilizes the advantages of ventilation and light transmission of the high-stalk gramineous crop corn and the short-stalk leguminous crop soybean, the corn marginal effect is exerted, the soybean protein content is high, the root nitrogen fixation, the soil fertility is improved, the soil structure is improved and the like, the corn and soybean simultaneously harvest and mix silage, the yield of silage mixture and the content of nutrient substances such as protein and the like are improved, the problems that the silage feed yield is insufficient, the nutrient quality is low, especially the protein content is low, the quality of livestock products such as cattle and sheep breeding capacity and meat and milk is limited, the soil quality is reduced and the like can be solved to a certain extent, the integration of planting and breeding industries is promoted, the sustainable and healthy development of the planting industry and the breeding industry is promoted, the economic, social and ecological benefits are obvious, the popularization area is continuously enlarged, and the like of broad masses of planting and breeding farmers.

The intercropping planting of the long-stalk gramineous crops (corns) and the short-stalk leguminous crops (soybeans) generally adopts a mode of alternately planting by two seeders, more than two kinds of agricultural implements are needed to cooperate to operate, the number of auxiliary agricultural implements is more, the operation procedure is complex, the working efficiency is low, and the mutual interference and the damage to the seedling growth environment caused by the conversion of the agricultural implements are easily caused. The row ratio and planting mode of corn and soybean sowing simultaneously is characterized by that the silage corn and soybean are planted according to the row ratio of 2:3, the silage corn is planted in wide row and narrow row, the silage corn in 2 row is planted in one hole, two plants and narrow row, the wide row spacing is enlarged, the wide row is used for intercropping soybean, and the soybean is sown by adopting single seed or single and double seed according to the variety characteristics. The existing corn seeder and soybean seeder can not meet the requirement. The seeder is suitable for intercropping the high-stalk gramineous crops (corns) and the short-stalk leguminous crops (soybeans), can simultaneously sow the high-stalk gramineous crops (corns) and the short-stalk leguminous crops (soybeans), has small mutual influence during growth, can sow with high quality, and achieves normal emergence, uniform and strong seedlings and coordinated growth.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a suspension type corn and soybean intercropping, planting, sowing and fertilizing all-in-one machine for solving the problems in the prior art.

This seeding, fertilization all-in-one includes: the fertilizer applying machine comprises a fertilizer applying rack for mounting a fertilizer bin, a seeding rack for mounting a seed box, and a horizontal suspension which is arranged at the front end of the fertilizer applying rack and used for dragging the seeding rack and the fertilizer applying rack to move together; wherein, the seed material box is formed by arranging five independent material boxes at intervals of 30-40 cm, and the seeding rack is connected with the fertilizing rack through an elastic hinge mechanism; the horizontal suspension is articulated through the second suspension axle with the middle part of fertilization frame, and the lift hydro-cylinder is being articulated in the middle section of horizontal suspension, and the play pole end of lift hydro-cylinder is articulated through first suspension axle with the upper portion of fertilization frame, and the lift hydro-cylinder that the accessible level hung when the field shifts is retrieved to the completion that the pulling fertilization frame promotes liftoff.

Furthermore, in order to ensure that the ditching wheels can stretch into soil to ditch, five groups of ditching wheels which are arranged side by side are arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer applying rack, the distance between the ditching wheels and the jade bean sowing distance is consistent, any group of ditching wheels consist of two ditching pieces with outer rings in gear shapes, the two ditching pieces are close to each other on one side close to the horizontal suspension and are far away from each other on one side far away from the horizontal suspension to form a clamp of 20-30 degrees, walking wheels are arranged at two ends of the fertilizer applying rack, and the ditching wheels are lower than the planes of the walking wheels.

Furthermore, a fertilizer conveying pipe extends out of the bottom of the fertilizer bin, and the bottom of the fertilizer conveying pipe is located in an included angle between the two ditching pieces.

Furthermore, a soil shifting wheel and a soil covering shovel which are sequentially arranged close to the direction of the ditching wheel are arranged below the fertilizing rack, the soil shifting wheel and the soil covering shovel are both of an open end, the other end of the soil shifting wheel is of a closed included angle structure, included angle openings of the soil shifting wheel and the soil covering shovel are oppositely arranged, and an opening angle of the soil covering shovel is larger than that of the soil shifting wheel.

Furthermore, a seed conveying pipe is arranged at the bottom of the seed box, and a seed outlet end at the bottom of the seed conveying pipe is positioned at the position where the included angle between the soil shifting wheel and the soil covering shovel is opposite to the opening, so that seeds are covered by soil after falling into the groove.

Furthermore, the end of the fertilizing frame, which is far away from the horizontal suspension, is provided with a press wheel, so that the seeds are ensured to be in close contact with the soil.

Further, the resilient hinge mechanism comprises: two upper and lower parallel hinge bars, the slant buffer spring at seeding frame and fertilization frame is connected respectively at both ends, and slant buffer spring is used for absorbing the vibrations that come this level and vertical direction.

The utility model has the technical effects that: the wheel type tractor is adopted for traction, in the process of seeding operation, the main power of the seeding and fertilizing integrated machine comes from a rear power output shaft of the tractor, and under the traction action of the tractor, the furrow opener can open a soil ditch for seeding and fertilizing in a preset depth. When the field is transferred, the field can be lifted off the ground through the suspension system, and meanwhile, multiple operations such as corn and soybean intercropping hole sowing, deep fertilizer application, soil covering, pressing and the like are carried out.

Aiming at the planting requirement of 2:3 row ratio of the high-stalk gramineous crops (corns) and the short-stalk leguminous crops (soybeans), the sowing and fertilizing integrated machine uses five plant interplanting boxes, three sets of the plant interplanting boxes are used for sowing seeds of the short-stalk leguminous crops (soybeans), two sets of the plant sowing boxes are used for sowing seeds of the high-stalk gramineous crops (corns) at two ends, and the plant sowing integrated machine operates in a reciprocating mode in the field, so that the planting requirement of 2:3 row ratio of the high-stalk gramineous crops (corns) and the short-stalk leguminous crops (soybeans) can be met. The utility model is widely suitable for intercropping and planting tall-stalk gramineous crops (such as corn) and short-stalk leguminous crops (such as soybean, soybean and the like), and has adjustable line spacing and adjustable line ratio.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a planting machine of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a front view of the seed planter of the present invention.

In the drawing, 1, a horizontal suspension, 2, a fertilizer bin, 3, a seed box, 4, a fertilizer applying rack, 5, a seeding rack, 6, an elastic hinge mechanism, 11, a lifting oil cylinder, 12, a first suspension shaft, 13, a second suspension shaft, 21, a fertilizer conveying pipe, 32, a soil covering shovel, 33, a seed conveying pipe, 34, a soil shifting wheel, 41, a ditching wheel, 42, a walking wheel, 51, a press wheel, 61, a hinge rod and 62, a buffer spring are arranged.

Detailed Description

The following describes an embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 2.

Fig. 1 shows the overall structure of the integrated seeding and fertilizing machine and the connection mode of the horizontal suspension, and the integrated seeding and fertilizing machine comprises: the fertilizer applying device comprises a fertilizer applying rack 4 for mounting a fertilizer bin 2, a seeding rack 5 for mounting a seed box 3, and a horizontal suspension 1 which is mounted at the front end of the fertilizer applying rack 4 and used for dragging the seeding rack 5 and the fertilizer applying rack 4 to move together; wherein, the seed material box 3 is formed by arranging five independent material boxes at intervals of 30cm-40cm, and the seeding rack 5 is connected with the fertilizing rack 4 through an elastic hinge mechanism 6; the middle parts of the horizontal suspension 1 and the fertilizer applying rack 4 are hinged through a second suspension shaft 13, the middle section of the horizontal suspension 1 is hinged with a lifting oil cylinder 11, and the rod outlet end of the lifting oil cylinder 11 is hinged with the upper part of the fertilizer applying rack 4 through a first suspension shaft 12.

Five groups of ditching wheels 41 which are arranged side by side are arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer applying rack 4, any group of ditching wheels 41 consists of two ditching sheets with gear-shaped outer rings, the two ditching sheets are close to each other at one side close to the horizontal suspension 1 and are far away from each other at one side far away from the horizontal suspension 1 to form a clamp of 20-30 degrees, traveling wheels 42 are arranged at two ends of the fertilizer applying rack 4, and the ditching wheels 41 are lower than the planes of the traveling wheels 42; one end of the fertilizer applying frame 4 far away from the horizontal suspension 1 is provided with a press wheel 51.

Fig. 2 illustrates a concrete structure required by fertilization and seeding of the integrated machine for seeding and fertilizing, a fertilizer conveying pipe 21 extends out of the bottom of a fertilizer bin 2, the bottom of the fertilizer conveying pipe 21 is positioned in an included angle between two ditching pieces, a soil shifting wheel 34 and a soil covering shovel 32 which are sequentially arranged in a direction close to a ditching wheel 41 are arranged below a fertilizer applying rack 4, the soil shifting wheel 34 and the soil covering shovel 32 are both of an included angle structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the included angle openings of the soil shifting wheel 34 and the soil covering shovel 32 are oppositely arranged; the bottom of the seed box 3 is provided with a seed conveying pipe 33, and the seed outlet end at the bottom of the seed conveying pipe 33 is positioned at the position where the included angle between the soil shifting wheel 34 and the soil covering shovel 32 is opened oppositely.

The elastic hinge mechanism 6 includes: two parallel hinge rods 61 are arranged up and down, and two ends of the two parallel hinge rods are respectively connected with the oblique buffer springs 62 of the seeding rack 5 and the fertilizing rack 4.

The working principle is as follows: the sowing and fertilizing integrated machine is arranged behind a tractor through a horizontal suspension 1, tooth-shaped ditching pieces on a ditching wheel 41 extend into soil along with the advancing of the tractor, a gully for fertilizing is excavated by breaking the soil, and a fertilizer conveying pipe 21 is hidden in an included angle of the two ditching pieces, so that fertilizer can be conveyed into the deep part of the gully; the soil on the two sides after ditching is very loose, and partial backfilling can occur, so before sowing, the soil shifting wheel 34 needs to extend into the gully again to shift the backfilled soil to the two sides, and then the seeds are guided into the soil through the seed conveying pipe 33 at the bottom of the seed box 3; the angle opening direction of the covering shovel 32 is opposite to that of the ditching wheel 41 and the soil shifting wheel 34, the shoveling blades on two sides of the covering shovel 32 backfill the soil on two sides of the groove into the groove, and finally the soil on the groove is compacted by the compacting wheel 51, so that the seeds are ensured to be fully contacted with the soil, and rooting and sprouting are facilitated.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. Suspension type maize soybean intercropping is planted seeding, fertilization all-in-one, its characterized in that, this seeding, fertilization all-in-one includes: the fertilizer applying machine comprises a fertilizer applying rack (4) used for installing a fertilizer bin (2), a seeding rack (5) used for installing a seed box (3), and a horizontal suspension (1) which is arranged at the front end of the fertilizer applying rack (4) and used for dragging the seeding rack (5) and the fertilizer applying rack (4) to move together;

wherein, the seed box (3) is formed by arranging five independent material boxes at intervals of 30-40 cm, and the seeding rack (5) is connected with the fertilizing rack (4) through an elastic hinge mechanism (6);

the middle parts of the horizontal suspension (1) and the fertilizer applying rack (4) are hinged through a second suspension shaft (13), the middle part of the horizontal suspension (1) is hinged with a lifting oil cylinder (11), and the rod outlet end of the lifting oil cylinder (11) is hinged with the upper part of the fertilizer applying rack (4) through a first suspension shaft (12).

2. The suspension type corn and soybean intercropping, planting, sowing and fertilizing all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein five groups of ditching wheels (41) are arranged side by side at the bottom of the fertilizing rack (4), any group of ditching wheels (41) consists of two ditching pieces with outer rings in gear shapes, the two ditching pieces are close to each other at one side close to the horizontal suspension (1) and are far away from each other at one side far away from the horizontal suspension (1) to form a clamp with an angle of 20-30 degrees, walking wheels (42) are arranged at two ends of the fertilizing rack (4), and the ditching wheels (41) are lower than the plane where the walking wheels (42) are located.

3. The integrated machine for planting, sowing and fertilizing in intercropping of suspended corn and soybean as claimed in claim 1, wherein a fertilizer tube (21) extends from the bottom of the fertilizer bin (2), and the bottom of the fertilizer tube (21) is located in an included angle of the two ditching pieces.

4. The integrated machine for interplanting, sowing and fertilizing maize and soybean according to claim 2, wherein the soil-shifting wheel (34) and the soil-covering shovel (32) are sequentially arranged under the fertilizing frame (4) in the direction close to the ditching wheel (41), the soil-shifting wheel (34) and the soil-covering shovel (32) both have an included angle structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the included angle openings of the soil-shifting wheel (34) and the soil-covering shovel (32) are oppositely arranged.

5. The suspension type corn and soybean intercropping, planting, sowing and fertilizing all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 4, wherein a seed conveying pipe (33) is arranged at the bottom of the seed box (3), and a seed outlet end at the bottom of the seed conveying pipe (33) is positioned at the position where an included angle opening between the soil shifting wheel (34) and the soil covering shovel (32) is opposite.

6. A suspended corn and soybean intercropping, planting, sowing and fertilizing all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that a press wheel (51) is arranged at one end of the fertilizing frame (4) far away from the horizontal suspension (1).

7. A suspended corn-soybean intercropping, planting, sowing and fertilizing all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the elastic hinge mechanism (6) comprises: two parallel hinged rods (61) are arranged up and down, and two ends of the two hinged rods are respectively connected with an oblique buffer spring (62) of the seeding rack (5) and the fertilizing rack (4).