CN215648400U

CN215648400U - Plant cultivation system and plant cultivation device

Info

Publication number: CN215648400U
Application number: CN202122059583.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜炯
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-08-30
Filing date: 2021-08-30
Publication date: 2022-01-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-30

Abstract

The utility model relates to a plant cultivation system, which comprises a soil or substrate part covered with a non-porous hydrophilic film, another part of exposed soil or substrate not covered with the non-porous hydrophilic film is used for planting plants, and a supply device for supplying water and/or nutrient solution is arranged above the non-porous hydrophilic film. The plant cultivation device comprises a container, soil or a substrate is laid in the container, the surface of part of the soil or the substrate is covered with the non-porous hydrophilic film, and the other part of the exposed soil or the substrate which is not covered with the non-porous hydrophilic film is used for planting plants. The system or the device is used for planting plants, plant roots can grow into soil or matrix on the lower surface of the film, the film cannot be punctured, the service life of the film is prolonged, the utilization rate is improved, the cost is greatly reduced, and the system or the device can also be suitable for planting plants with developed roots.

Description

Plant cultivation system and plant cultivation device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a plant cultivation system in which water and/or a nutrient solution is supplied from the upper surface of a non-porous hydrophilic film.

Background

Chinese patent CN1750751B "apparatus for cultivating plants and method for cultivating plants" discloses a non-porous hydrophilic film, plants are planted on the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film, water or nutrient solution is supplied to the lower surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film, and the roots of the plants grow on the upper surface of the film, and the roots and the film are finally integrated.

Chinese patent CN 102498889B "plant cultivation system" discloses a technical solution for planting plants on a non-porous hydrophilic film and supplying water or nutrient solution to the lower surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film, according to the utility model, in order to separate soil from plants used in soil cultivation or fertigation, a separate water impermeable material or a water impermeable material on which a water absorbent material is placed is provided on the soil, and a non-porous hydrophilic film is provided on the water impermeable material or on the water absorbent material on the water impermeable material, thereby forming the utility model plant cultivation system on the soil. When plants are grown on the non-porous hydrophilic film of the plant cultivation system, it is necessary to cover any soil or substrate for plant cultivation as a support for plant cultivation. The film planting method can prevent the problems in the prior soil cultivation or drip irrigation fertilization, namely, the pollution of microorganisms (such as nematodes), bacteria, viruses and the like in the soil to plants (which is the reason for the everlasting soil in continuous cropping); pollution of residual pesticides in soil and the like to plants; the accumulation of salt and the like on the surface layer of the soil causes the growth and development inhibition of plants; and the loss of fertilizer causes the pollution of underground water and the like.

However, the plant cultivation system has a problem that the piercing force of the downward growth of the plant root system directly acts on the non-porous hydrophilic film, and thus easily penetrates through the film, so that the film planting loses the due effects of inhibiting bacteria, blocking polluted water and controlling water irrigation. Therefore, a special film must be replaced in each planting season, so that the planting cost is high, and the film cannot be used for planting perennial woody plants; the soil or the substrate which is covered on the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film and used as a supporting body for plant cultivation can be pressed on the root system due to excessive irrigation, moist environment and the like, and excessively moisten the root system of the plant growing on the film, so that the aim of water control irrigation cannot be achieved; plant roots all grow on the plane of the upper surface of the film, the roots cannot grow in a three-dimensional mode, and plants with higher quality cannot be obtained by using a water-fertilizer separation irrigation method.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a plant cultivation system and a plant cultivation device, which mainly solve the technical problems in the prior art; when the plant cultivation device is used for cultivating plants, root systems can grow into soil or a substrate on the lower surface of the film in the growth process of the plants, so that the film cannot be punctured, the service life of the non-porous hydrophilic film is prolonged, the utilization rate is improved, a device for supplying water or nutrient solution does not need to be adjusted frequently, and the cost is greatly reduced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

a plant growing system comprising soil or substrate covered in part by a non-porous hydrophilic film and in part by exposed soil or substrate uncovered by said non-porous hydrophilic film for growing plants, wherein a supply of water and/or nutrient solution is provided above said non-porous hydrophilic film.

The supply device is a tube supply device disposed above the non-porous hydrophilic membrane.

The pipeline supply device is a dropper or an atomization supply device.

And a water-absorbing substance is laid on the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film.

The water-absorbing substance is a nonwoven fabric or a sponge.

And water-impermeable substances are laid under the soil or the matrix.

A plant growing apparatus comprising a container in which soil or substrate is disposed, said soil or substrate being covered in part by a non-porous hydrophilic film and in part by exposed soil or substrate which is not covered by said non-porous hydrophilic film for growing plants.

The soil or the substrate is laid in the container to be high at two sides or around, the middle of the soil or the substrate is low, the non-porous hydrophilic film covers the upper surface of the soil or the substrate on the slope from high to low, and the exposed soil or the substrate on the two sides or around is used for planting plants; or the soil or the substrate is laid in the container to be high in the middle, low on two sides or low on the periphery, the non-porous hydrophilic film covers the upper surfaces of the soil or the substrate on the slope surfaces on two sides or on the periphery, and the soil or the substrate exposed at the high middle is used for planting plants.

And a supply device for supplying water and/or nutrient solution is arranged above the non-porous hydrophilic film.

The utility model has the advantages that: 1. the fertilizer and the gravity of the plant root system are utilized to fertilize the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film and permeate into the soil or the substrate on the lower surface of the film, the root system can grow downwards on the lower surface of the film in the growth process of the plant, so that the film can not be punctured, the film can be repeatedly used, a device for supplying water or nutrient solution does not need to be frequently adjusted, the service life of the non-porous hydrophilic film is prolonged, the utilization rate is improved, and the cost is greatly reduced; 2. the soil or the substrate is positioned below the film, so that the root system attached to the lower surface of the film cannot be pressed and excessively wetted, and water-controlled irrigation can be effectively implemented; 3. the plant roots can be attached to and grow on the lower surface of the film, and can also grow in the soil or the matrix below the film to form three-dimensional distribution. Water and fertilizer separation irrigation can be carried out, and the plant quality is further improved; 4. the cultivation device which is suitable for plants with different habits can be simply and conveniently manufactured by utilizing different covering modes of the non-porous hydrophilic film on the surface layer of the soil or the matrix; 5. the thickness of the soil or the substrate can be adjusted according to the growth requirement of the plant root system, the plant with developed root system can also be suitable, and the plant cultivation system or the device can be used for planting vegetables and also can be used for seedling and planting of perennial woody plants.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a plant growing system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the plant growing system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a plant cultivation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1-soil or substrate, 2-non-porous hydrophilic film, 3-water-absorbing material, 4-supply device, 5-plant, 6-water-impermeable material, 7-container.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of a plant growing system according to the present invention includes soil or substrate 1, a portion of the soil or substrate 1 covered with a non-porous hydrophilic film 2, another portion of the soil or substrate 1 not covered with the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 exposed, and plants 5 planted in the exposed portion of the soil or substrate 1. How the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 covers the soil or substrate 1, how much area is covered, and how the exposed soil or substrate 1 takes on its overall shape can be planned according to the planting site, and can take on regular or irregular shapes, as appropriate.

The upper part of the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 is provided with a supply device 4 for supplying water and/or nutrient solution, the nutrient solution and/or water can be applied to the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film 2, the nutrient solution and/or water can permeate into the lower surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 and the soil or substrate 1 covered by the non-porous hydrophilic film 2, and the root system of the planted plant 5 can grow in the soil or substrate 1 on the lower surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 due to the water-oriented property and the fertilizer-oriented property of the plant root to absorb the nutrient permeated from the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film 2. Meanwhile, the roots of plants planted in the system grow downward due to the gravity of the roots, so that it is impossible to pierce the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 upward.

Therefore, the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 of the plant planting system can be repeatedly used, the service life of the non-porous hydrophilic film is prolonged, the utilization rate of the non-porous hydrophilic film is improved, and compared with the technology of planting plants on the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 in the prior art, the cost can be greatly reduced. The purified and disinfected soil or substrate 1 is used for cultivation in the system, and the effects of blocking bacteria and preventing pollution can be achieved.

In the plant cultivation system of the present invention, the nutrient solution and the water are applied from the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film 2, and therefore, the thickness of the soil or the substrate 1 on the lower surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 can be adjusted according to the species of the planted plant, and the plant cultivation system can be used for not only planting vegetables with an underdeveloped root system, but also raising and planting perennial woody plants with a developed root system.

Since this system can be used for growing plants over a large area, the duct supply device is preferably a large-area growing place, and therefore, the supply device 4 is preferably a duct supply device provided above the non-porous hydrophilic film 2, and further, the nutrient solution duct supply device is preferably a dropper or an atomizing supply device.

In order to achieve more accurate nutrition supply, a nutrient solution and/or water supply device can be arranged in the soil or the substrate 1, the nutrient solution with different concentrations above the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 is provided, the water-fertilizer separation of the root system of the plant is promoted, the growth of the plant is controlled more accurately, and the plant with higher quality is obtained.

In order to avoid the excessive evaporation of water to change the concentration of the nutrient solution, it is preferable that the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 is laid with a water-absorbing material 3, which can not only avoid the excessive evaporation of water, but also play a role in slowly releasing nutrients.

The water-absorbent material 3, which facilitates large-area coverage, is preferably a nonwoven fabric or a sponge.

In order to achieve better effect of reducing water evaporation, a light-blocking and water vapor-impermeable covering film or material can be arranged above the water-absorbing material 3 to further reduce water evaporation.

Referring to fig. 2, as another embodiment of the plant cultivation system of the present invention, when the system is applied to large-area plant cultivation, in order to isolate ground pollution and water and fertilizer loss, a water-impermeable substance 6 may be laid under the soil or substrate 1 to isolate the soil or substrate 1 after purification and disinfection from the soil in the field environment, so as to isolate microbes such as bacteria and soil polluted in the field, and also reduce water evaporation and nutrient loss.

The utility model also provides a plant cultivation device which can be used for carrying out miniature plant cultivation and portable plant cultivation, and the plant cultivation device comprises a container 7, soil or a substrate 1 is laid in the container 7, a part of the surface layer of the soil or the substrate 1 is covered with the non-porous hydrophilic film 2, nutrient solution and/or water can be applied to the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film 2, the nutrient solution and/or water can permeate from the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 to the lower surface and the covered soil or substrate 1, and the other part of the exposed soil or the substrate 1 which is not covered with the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 can be used for planting plants 5. By utilizing the water and fertilizer properties of the plant roots, the roots of the planted plant 5 will grow in the soil or substrate 1 under the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 to absorb the nutrients permeated from the non-porous hydrophilic film 2. Meanwhile, the roots of plants planted in the system grow downward due to the gravity of the roots, so that it is impossible to pierce the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 upward.

In order to adapt to different plant habits or meet the needs of plant planting density, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the soil or substrate 1 is laid in the container to be high at two sides or around, and low in the middle, so that a low-lying position is formed in the container 7, the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 covers the upper surface of the soil or substrate 1 at the gentle slope and low position, and the soil or substrate 1 exposed at two sides or around high position is used for planting plants 5; the structure utilizes the characteristic that the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 slowly permeates, can apply more nutrient solution and moisture in the container 7 at one time, and simultaneously because gravity and slope reason, nutrient solution and moisture are relatively more in the enrichment of low-lying department, utilizes the tropism growth of plant root system, and the guide plant 5's root system grows downwards. Meanwhile, the structure can enable the planting density of the plants to be relatively large. In order to avoid the excessive evaporation of water to change the concentration of the nutrient solution, it is preferable that the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 is laid with a water-absorbing material 3, which can not only avoid the excessive evaporation of water, but also play a role in slowly releasing nutrients.

According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the soil or substrate 1 is laid in the container to be higher in the middle and lower in the two sides or the periphery, the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 is covered on the upper surfaces of the soil or substrate 1 on the two sides or the periphery, and the soil or substrate 1 exposed at the middle height is used for planting the plants 5. The structure is suitable for plant varieties with higher requirements on sunlight and ventilation, and by utilizing the structure device, the plants can obtain more sufficient illumination, the ventilation condition is good, and the planting density is lower. In order to avoid the excessive evaporation of water to change the concentration of the nutrient solution, it is preferable that the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film 2 is laid with a water-absorbing material 3, which can not only avoid the excessive evaporation of water, but also play a role in slowly releasing nutrients.

The above two embodiments are also applicable to cultivation of large-area indoor container plants such as greenhouses, and in order to match this situation, a supply device 4 for supplying water and/or nutrient solution may be provided above the non-porous hydrophilic film 2, and the installation of the device may be controlled manually or intelligently.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the content of the claims of the present invention should be within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant growing system comprising soil or substrate, characterized in that: the surface layer of one part of the soil or the substrate is covered with the non-porous hydrophilic film, the other part of the exposed soil or the substrate which is not covered with the non-porous hydrophilic film is used for planting plants, and a supply device for supplying water and/or nutrient solution is arranged above the non-porous hydrophilic film.

2. The plant cultivation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the supply device is a tube supply device disposed above the non-porous hydrophilic membrane.

3. The plant cultivation system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the pipeline supply device is a dropper or an atomization supply device.

4. The plant cultivation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a water-absorbing substance is laid on the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film.

5. The plant cultivation system as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the water-absorbing substance is a nonwoven fabric or a sponge.

6. The plant cultivation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and water-impermeable substances are laid under the soil or the matrix.

7. A plant cultivation device, its characterized in that: the soil or substrate planting device comprises a container, wherein soil or substrate is laid in the container, a part of the surface of the soil or substrate is covered with the non-porous hydrophilic film, and the other part of the exposed soil or substrate which is not covered with the non-porous hydrophilic film is used for planting plants.

8. The plant cultivation device according to claim 7, wherein: the soil or the substrate is laid in the container to be high at two sides or around, the middle of the soil or the substrate is low, the non-porous hydrophilic film covers the upper surface of the soil or the substrate on the slope from high to low, and the exposed soil or the substrate on the two sides or around is used for planting plants; or the soil or the substrate is laid in the container to be high in the middle, low on two sides or low on the periphery, the non-porous hydrophilic film covers the upper surfaces of the soil or the substrate on the slope surfaces on two sides or on the periphery, and the soil or the substrate exposed at the high middle is used for planting plants.

9. The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: and a water-absorbing substance is laid on the upper surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film.

10. The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: and a supply device for supplying water and/or nutrient solution is arranged above the non-porous hydrophilic film.