CN215600550U

CN215600550U - Antenna

Info

Publication number: CN215600550U
Application number: CN202121440265.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 漆一宏; 蔡张华
Original assignee: GENERAL TEST SYSTEMS Inc
Current assignee: GENERAL TEST SYSTEMS Inc
Priority date: 2021-06-28
Filing date: 2021-06-28
Publication date: 2022-01-21
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-28

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an antenna, comprising: the radiator comprises paired radiation units, and the radiation units are of hollow structures; the feed structure, the feed structure is located the inside of radiating element's hollow structure, the feed structure includes parallel arrangement's first transmission branch festival, second transmission branch festival and short circuit branch festival, wherein, first transmission branch festival links to each other with one in the radiating element that becomes pair in order to feed, second transmission branch festival links to each other with another in the radiating element that becomes pair in order to feed, short circuit branch festival links to each other with first transmission branch festival at first short circuit portion, short circuit branch festival links to each other with second transmission branch festival at second short circuit portion. The antenna disclosed by the utility model can avoid generating common-mode current and realize balanced feed.

Description

Antenna

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna.

Background

The balance of the antenna is determined by its radiating structure, feed structure and electromagnetic environment. Some feed cables, such as coaxial cables, commonly used for antennas for feed structures typically generate common mode currents that can radiate and couple to external noise sources, which results in increased cross-polarization of the antenna and changes in the shape of the radiation pattern, as well as variations in the gain and efficiency of the antenna.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The present disclosure describes an antenna capable of achieving balanced feeding.

According to aspects of the present disclosure, an antenna includes: the radiator comprises a pair of radiating units, and the radiating units are of hollow structures; the feed structure is located inside the hollow structure of the radiation unit and comprises a first transmission branch section, a second transmission branch section and a short circuit branch section which are arranged in parallel, wherein the first transmission branch section is connected with one of the paired radiation unit to feed, the second transmission branch section is connected with the other one of the paired radiation unit to feed, the short circuit branch section is connected with the first transmission branch section at a first short circuit part, and the short circuit branch section is connected with the second transmission branch section at a second short circuit part.

According to one embodiment of the antenna, the second transmission branch and the short-circuit branch are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first transmission branch.

According to an embodiment of the antenna, the antenna is a dipole antenna, and the feed structure is arranged along an axial direction of a radiating element of the dipole antenna.

According to one embodiment of the antenna, the radiating element is a tapered hollow structure.

According to one embodiment of the antenna, the first transmission branch and the second transmission branch are each connected to a respective radiating element by a section of stripline.

According to one embodiment of the antenna, the feed structure is connected to a coaxial cable, wherein the first transmission leg is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, the second transmission leg is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable, and the short-circuit leg is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable.

According to one embodiment of the antenna, the end of the second transmission leg and the short-circuit leg connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable has an impedance transition.

According to one embodiment of the antenna, the impedance transition is realized by line width tapering.

According to one embodiment of the antenna, the feed structure is arranged on a multilayer PCB board, wherein the first transmission branch, the second transmission branch and the short-circuit branch are located at different metal layers of the PCB board, respectively.

According to one embodiment of the antenna, the short-circuit stub is connected to the second transmission stub at a second short-circuit portion by a plurality of metal vias, the second short-circuit portion extending to a connection of the short-circuit stub and the second transmission stub to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable.

The antenna disclosed by the utility model can avoid generating common-mode current and realize balanced feed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an axial view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a perspective schematic view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a feed structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is an axial view of a feed structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a side view schematic diagram of a feed structure of an antenna according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 6 is a partial axial view of a feed structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

The embodiments are described below with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale. The described embodiments are exemplary and features of the embodiments may be combined with or substituted for those of the embodiments in the same or similar manner.

The balance of the antenna is determined by its radiating structure, feed structure and electromagnetic environment. In the related art, some feeding cables, such as coaxial cables, commonly used in antennas, usually generate common mode currents. For example, for a coaxial cable, the current from the inner conductor of the coaxial cable is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the current from the outer conductor. However, since the inner conductor and the outer conductor have different resistances to ground, when the coaxial cable is directly connected to the antenna, a current from the outer conductor is diffused to the outside of the coaxial cable, which generates a common mode current. Common mode currents can radiate and couple to external noise sources, which results in increased cross-polarization of the antenna and a change in the shape of the radiation pattern, as well as variations in the gain and efficiency of the antenna.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes:

the radiator comprises a pair of radiation units 100, and the radiation units 100 are hollow structures;

and a feeding structure located inside the hollow structure of the radiation unit 100, wherein the feeding structure includes a first transmission branch 201, a second transmission branch 202 and a short-circuit branch 203, which are arranged in parallel, wherein the first transmission branch 201 is connected with one of the paired radiation units 100 to feed the same, the second transmission branch 202 is connected with the other of the paired radiation units 100 to feed the same, the short-circuit branch 203 is connected with the first transmission branch 201 at a first short-circuit portion 203A, and the short-circuit branch 203 is connected with the second transmission branch 202 at a second short-circuit portion 203B.

In this embodiment, the feeding structure is located inside the hollow structure of the radiating element, which is equivalent to that the feeding portion is shielded by the radiating element and does not radiate outwards, thereby preventing the feeding structure from affecting the radiation pattern of the antenna. Three parts of the feed structure are arranged in parallel, namely, the feed structure is arranged into a multilayer laminated structure, the symmetry and the compactness of the structure are both considered, and the compact feed structure can reduce the possible energy coupling between the feed structure and the radiation unit. In addition, the first transmission branch node and the second transmission branch node for feeding are respectively electrically connected with the short-circuit branch node, namely, the first transmission branch node and the second transmission branch node are conducted through the short-circuit branch node, so that the voltage at the second short-circuit part is zero and equal in potential, therefore, a feed structure can not generate common-mode current, balanced feeding is realized, the adverse effect that a radiation pattern, gain and efficiency of the antenna are affected by unbalanced feeding is avoided or reduced, and application scenes with strict requirements on the performance of the antenna, such as calibration, can be met, and the antenna is required to meet certain bandwidth and gain and has good symmetry.

In this embodiment, the radiator of the antenna has a pair of radiation elements. It will be appreciated that the number of radiating elements may not be limited thereto, and in other embodiments the antenna may have two or more pairs of radiating elements for which feeding may be achieved, for example, by a power splitter.

Optionally, referring to fig. 4-6, the second transmission stub 202 and the short-circuit stub 203 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first transmission stub 201, further enhancing the symmetry of the feed structure.

Optionally, referring to fig. 1-2, the antenna is a dipole antenna, and the feeding structure is disposed along an axial direction of the radiating element 100 of the dipole antenna, that is, the feeding manner is side feeding. Alternatively, referring to FIGS. 1-2, the radiating element 100 is a tapered hollow structure with a narrow center and a wide end. The tapered structure may be used to increase the bandwidth of the antenna on the one hand and the wider end is further from the feed structure on the other hand, so that the energy coupling between the radiating element 100 and the feed structure is correspondingly smaller.

Optionally, referring to fig. 3-4, the first transmission branch 201 and the second transmission branch 202 are respectively connected to the corresponding radiating units (not shown) through a section of strip line 300. The two sections of strip lines form parallel strip lines, so that the first transmission branch section and the second transmission branch section feed power to the radiating unit after being transited by the parallel strip lines. The transition of the strip line can reduce the effect between the feed structure and the feed due to the strong current near the feed.

Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the feed structure is connected to a coaxial cable 400. Specifically, the first transmission branch section is connected with the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, the second transmission branch section is connected with the outer conductor of the coaxial cable, and the short-circuit branch section is connected with the outer conductor of the coaxial cable. In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4, the end of the second transmission branch 202 and the end of the short-circuit branch 203 connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable have an impedance transition, which is implemented by, for example, a line width transition, and the impedance transition is gradually changed from a wide line width to a narrow line width, and when the line width is wide, the electric field is mainly distributed inside the feed structure, and the current on the surface is small, so that the common mode current on the surface of the outer conductor of the coaxial cable can be further reduced.

As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the feeding structure is disposed on a multi-layer PCB board 500. Referring to fig. 4 to 6, for clarity, the dielectric board is omitted, and the first transmission branch section 201, the second transmission branch section 202 and the short-circuit branch section 203 are respectively located on different metal layers of the PCB. The multilayer PCB board makes the feed structure compact through the structure of range upon range of on the one hand, and on the other hand has certain shielding effect, can avoid the low level radiation that feed structure probably produced to cause harmful effects to the radiating element who holds this feed structure, arouse that electromagnetic environment is unbalanced. Referring to fig. 4-6, optionally, the short-circuit branch 203 is connected to the second transmission branch 202 at a second short-circuit portion 203B through a plurality of metal vias, and the second short-circuit portion 203B extends to a connection point (not shown) where the short-circuit branch 203 and the second transmission branch 202 are connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable, and a cylindrical structure/coaxial-like structure with a certain length is formed at this part to form a transmission transition.

In the description above, references to the description of the term "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In the present disclosure, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments or examples and features of the various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present disclosure, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specifically limited otherwise.

Although embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An antenna, comprising:

the radiating body comprises a pair of radiating units, and the radiating units are of hollow structures;

the feed structure, the feed structure is located the inside of radiating element's hollow structure, the feed structure includes parallel arrangement's first transmission branch festival, second transmission branch festival and short circuit branch festival, wherein, first transmission branch festival with one in the radiating element in pairs links to each other in order to carry out the feed, second transmission branch festival with another in the radiating element in pairs links to each other in order to carry out the feed, short circuit branch festival with first transmission branch festival links to each other at first short-circuit portion, short circuit branch festival with second transmission branch festival links to each other at second short-circuit portion.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the second transmission stub and the short stub are symmetrically disposed with respect to the first transmission stub.

3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the antenna is a dipole antenna, and wherein the feed structure is disposed along an axial direction of a radiating element of the dipole antenna.

4. An antenna according to claim 3, wherein the radiating element is a tapered hollow structure.

5. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the first transmission branch and the second transmission branch are each connected to the corresponding radiating element by a strip line.

6. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed structure is connected to a coaxial cable, wherein the first transmission leg is connected to an inner conductor of the coaxial cable, wherein the second transmission leg is connected to an outer conductor of the coaxial cable, and wherein the shorting leg is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable.

7. The antenna of claim 6, wherein the ends of the second transmission leg and the shorting leg that connect to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable have impedance transitions.

8. The antenna of claim 7, wherein the impedance transition is implemented by a line width transition.

9. The antenna of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the feed structure is disposed on a multilayer PCB board, wherein the first transmission leg, the second transmission leg, and the short-circuit leg are located on different metal layers of the PCB board, respectively.