CN215497083U - Millimeter wave radar metamaterial antenna housing and antenna system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a millimeter wave radar metamaterial antenna housing and an antenna system, which comprise a housing body and at least one metamaterial layer, wherein the metamaterial layer comprises a plurality of grid units, the grid units are arranged in an array mode, each grid unit comprises a frame body, and a hollow-out area is arranged on the inner side of each frame body. The utility model can reduce the refractive index of the electromagnetic wave in the working frequency band, improve the gain of the antenna, further reduce the size of an antenna system and improve the compactness of the design.

Description

Millimeter wave radar metamaterial antenna housing and antenna system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a millimeter wave radar metamaterial antenna housing and an antenna system.

Background

As one of important sensors of Advanced Driving Assistance System (ADAS), a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar has become an indispensable part of the ADAS system, and with the continuous development of automatic driving technology, the millimeter wave radar has a huge market demand.

In the design of a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave angle radar, the difficulty and the key point of industrial energy design are always to improve the gain of an antenna. Like the ACC radar, the boost gain can greatly increase the detection range of the vehicle radar. In general, an antenna consisting of a single radiator can perform the tasks of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. However, in radar applications, antennas are often required to have large directivity and gain, and multiple radiators are generally used in the industry and arranged as an antenna array according to a certain manner to improve the gain. However, as the gain is higher, the size of the antenna array is larger, and the occupied space is larger, which is not in accordance with the current demand for miniaturization of the antenna system.

In the development of vehicle radar products, the development design of a radar antenna housing is an important part of the radar antenna housing, and the design of the antenna housing not only plays a role in protecting a core component radar antenna, but also influences the detection perception performance of a radar. In the prior art, the radome is usually made of a single material with low loss, the wave-transmitting performance of the single material is uniform, and the refractive indexes of the radome to electromagnetic waves in working frequency bands and non-working frequency bands are close, so that the radome cannot effectively suppress the electromagnetic waves outside the working frequency bands, and the electromagnetic waves outside the working frequency bands easily interfere with the normal work of the antenna.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a millimeter wave radar metamaterial antenna housing and an antenna system, which can reduce the refractive index of electromagnetic waves in a working frequency band, improve the gain of an antenna, further reduce the size of the antenna system and improve the compactness of design.

The utility model provides a millimeter wave radar metamaterial antenna house, includes the cover body and at least one metamaterial layer, the metamaterial layer includes a plurality of grid cell, and is a plurality of the grid cell is the array and arranges, every the grid cell includes the framework, the framework inboard is equipped with the fretwork region.

Furthermore, the frame body and the hollow area are both square, and the center of the hollow area coincides with the center of the frame body.

Further, two adjacent grid units are shared.

Further, the grid units are arranged in an n × n array, wherein n is a natural number more than 3.

Further, the cover body is provided with a first surface and a second surface, and the metamaterial layer is arranged on the first surface and/or the second surface.

Further, the metamaterial layer is arranged inside the cover body.

Further, the frame body is made of metal.

Further, the frame body is one of iron, nickel, chromium, steel and tungsten.

An antenna system, includes foretell millimeter wave radar metamaterial antenna house, still includes the antenna main part, cover the body cover and establish the top of antenna main part, the metamaterial layer with antenna main part looks opposition.

Furthermore, the antenna main body comprises a radiator, a metal stratum and a dielectric plate, wherein the metal stratum and the dielectric plate are stacked, and the radiator is arranged on the surface of the dielectric plate.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: through set up the metamaterial layer at the antenna house, the metamaterial layer includes a plurality of grid unit that are the array and arrange, can effectually reduce the loss of electromagnetic wave when the antenna house tangential surface is incided to the wide-angle, thereby increase the electromagnetic wave when increasing the wide-angle and pass through the volume in the antenna house, and the hollow out construction of grid unit is close to zero to the electromagnetic wave refracting index of 75~77GHz millimeter wave frequency channel, the refracting index of working frequency channel electromagnetic wave has effectively been improved, thereby the gain of antenna has been improved, and then reduce antenna system's size, promote the compactness of design.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a millimeter wave radar metamaterial radome of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid unit of the millimeter wave radar metamaterial radome of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a H-plane gain plot for an antenna system with a single metamaterial layer having a 7-by-7 structure.

Fig. 6 is an E-plane gain plot for an antenna system having a single metamaterial layer with a 7-by-7 structure.

Fig. 7 is a graph comparing the H-plane gain of an antenna system having a single metamaterial layer with a 7 x 7 structure and an antenna system having a double metamaterial layer with an 11 x 11 structure.

Fig. 8 is a graph comparing the E-plane gain of an antenna system having a single metamaterial layer with a 7 x 7 structure and an antenna system having a double metamaterial layer with an 11 x 11 structure.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the utility model, the utility model will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in a preferred embodiment, the millimeter wave radar metamaterial antenna cover of the present invention mainly includes a cover body 1 and at least one metamaterial layer 2. The cover body 1 is made of resin or non-medium materials and is used for preventing water and dust and protecting an antenna. The metamaterial layer 2 is arranged on the cover body 1, specifically, the inner surface and the outer surface of the cover body 1 are defined as a first surface and a second surface respectively, and the metamaterial layer 2 can be arranged on the first surface and/or the second surface in a sticking or coating mode. It should be understood that, as a preferred embodiment, the metamaterial layer 2 may also be embedded inside the cover body 1 by injection molding, so as to prevent the metal of the metamaterial layer 2 from being oxidized, and avoid the influence on the transmitting and receiving performance of the radar due to oxidation.

The metamaterial layer 2 comprises a plurality of grid units 21, the grid units 21 are arranged in an array, each grid unit 21 comprises a frame body 211, and a hollow area 212 is arranged on the inner side of each frame body 211. The frame 211 is made of metal, and may be made of iron, nickel, chromium, steel, or tungsten, but is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the frame body 211 and the hollow area 212 are both square, and the center of the hollow area 212 coincides with the center of the frame body 211. The grid cells 21 are arranged in an n x n array, and two adjacent grid cells 21 are shared, so that a plurality of grid cells 21 are combined to form the metamaterial layer 2 in the front aspect. Wherein n is a natural number above 3, the value of n is determined by the required gain intensity and the size of the area that can be coated with the metamaterial layer 2, in practice, n is generally less than 13, and the too large area coverage of the metamaterial layer 2 is design redundancy.

It should be understood that, by adjusting the side length of the metamaterial layer 2 and the size of the grid unit 21, the range of the near-zero corresponding frequency of the metamaterial layer 2 can be adjusted, and since the working frequency band of the vehicle-mounted radar is mainly 75-77 GHz millimeter waves, in order to match the frequency band and reduce the refractive index of the frequency band, the side length of the metamaterial layer 2 is preferably 50-80 mils, and the side length of the grid unit 21 is preferably 5-12 mils.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the present invention further provides an antenna system, including the millimeter wave radar metamaterial antenna housing, and further including an antenna main body 3, wherein the cover body 1 is covered above the antenna main body 3, and the metamaterial layer 2 is opposite to the antenna main body 3. Wherein fig. 3 is a first embodiment of the antenna system, which employs a single metamaterial layer 2, and fig. 4 is a second embodiment of the antenna system, which employs a double metamaterial layer 2, it is understood that in other embodiments, the antenna system may employ more than two metamaterial layers 2 according to actual needs.

Specifically, the antenna main body 3 includes a radiator 31, a metal ground layer 32, and a dielectric plate 33, the radiator 31 employs a microstrip antenna, the feeder employs a 50-ohm feeder, and the microstrip antenna performs a slot processing to improve the matching problem between the microstrip antenna and the 50-ohm feeder, and of course, the radiator 1 may also employ a coupling-fed microstrip structure or other radiation forms. The metal ground layer 32 and the dielectric plate 33 are stacked, and the radiator 31 is disposed on the surface of the dielectric plate 33 and is opposite to the metamaterial layer 2 in a spaced manner, in a specific implementation, the dielectric plate 33 is a high-frequency dielectric plate.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the antenna system with a single metamaterial layer having a 7 × 7 structure is taken as an example for testing, and it can be seen from the test results that the maximum antenna gain of the antenna system with a single metamaterial layer having a 7 × 7 structure can reach 17dBi, while the directional gain of the radome without a metamaterial layer (phi =0, theta = 0) is about 6dBi, and the antenna system with a single metamaterial layer having a 7 × 7 structure relatively increases the gain by 11dBi, which has a significant effect.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, when comparing the antenna system with the single-layer metamaterial layer having the 7 × 7 structure with the antenna system with the double-layer metamaterial layer having the 11 × 11 structure, it can be seen from the test results that the gain of the antenna system with the single-layer metamaterial layer having the 7 × 7 structure is increased by about 11dBi, and the gain of the single-layer microstrip antenna radiator can reach 20dBi by the antenna system with the double-layer metamaterial layer having the 11 × 11 structure, which is increased by 14dBi relative to the radome without the metamaterial layer.

In conclusion, the millimeter wave radar metamaterial antenna housing provided by the utility model has the advantages that the radiation gain of the radar antenna is remarkably improved while the working frequency and the working bandwidth of the radar antenna are not influenced.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, which indicate orientations or positional relationships, are used based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and for the simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

While the utility model has been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments set forth above, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a millimeter wave radar metamaterial antenna house, its characterized in that, is including the cover body and at least one metamaterial layer, the metamaterial layer includes a plurality of grid cells, and is a plurality of the grid cell is the array and arranges, every the grid cell includes the framework, the framework inboard is equipped with the fretwork region.

2. The millimeter wave radar metamaterial radome of claim 1, wherein the frame body and the hollowed area are both square, and the center of the hollowed area coincides with the center of the frame body.

3. The millimeter wave radar metamaterial radome of claim 2, wherein adjacent two of the grid elements are coterminous.

4. The millimeter wave radar metamaterial radome of claim 1, wherein the grid elements are arranged in an n x n array, wherein n is a natural number of 3 or more.

5. The millimeter wave radar metamaterial radome of claim 1, wherein the cover body has a first surface and a second surface, and the metamaterial layer is provided on the first surface and/or the second surface.

6. The millimeter wave radar metamaterial radome of claim 1, wherein the metamaterial layer is disposed inside the cover body.

7. The millimeter wave radar metamaterial radome of claim 1, wherein the frame body is made of metal.

8. The millimeter wave radar metamaterial radome of claim 7, wherein the frame body is one of iron, nickel, chromium, steel, and tungsten.

9. An antenna system, comprising the millimeter wave radar metamaterial antenna cover as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising an antenna body, wherein the cover body is covered above the antenna body, and the metamaterial layer is opposite to the antenna body.

10. The antenna system of claim 9, wherein the antenna body comprises a radiator, a metal ground layer, and a dielectric plate, the metal ground layer and the dielectric plate are stacked, and the radiator is disposed on a surface of the dielectric plate.

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