CN214948950U - Wall temperature difference control system - Google Patents
Wall temperature difference control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN214948950U CN214948950U CN202121182717.4U CN202121182717U CN214948950U CN 214948950 U CN214948950 U CN 214948950U CN 202121182717 U CN202121182717 U CN 202121182717U CN 214948950 U CN214948950 U CN 214948950U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a wall difference in temperature control system, wherein, the detection temperature of the steam pocket wall that temperature detection module will acquire in real time sends to data analysis module, and data analysis module carries out analysis generation control command to the detection temperature to with control command transmission to wall temperature control module and electric heating module, wall temperature control module moves the boiler according to control command, simultaneously, electric heating module heats the first preset position of boiler according to control command. The utility model provides a wall difference in temperature control system, through the elevating speed of controlled temperature, effective control steam pocket wall difference in temperature guarantees steam pocket life-span and boiler operation safety.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a boiler operation control technical field, concretely relates to wall temperature difference control system.
Background
The temperature difference of the steam drum wall generates temperature difference stress, the larger temperature difference of the wall can generate higher temperature difference stress, and the combined action of the thermal stress and the mechanical stress can exceed the allowable stress of the steam drum material, thereby causing the damage of the steam drum. Cracks may occur in a portion of the stress concentration area, reducing the service life of the steam drum. In the prior art, in order to prevent the boiler from generating too large temperature difference of the steam drum wall, a power station usually adopts an adjacent furnace heating method. The lifting speed of the temperature of the steam drum cannot be controlled, the service life of the steam drum is shortened, and potential safety hazards exist in the operation of the boiler.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, the utility model provides a pair of wall difference in temperature control system overcomes the lifting speed of the uncontrollable steam pocket temperature among the prior art, and the life of steam pocket is lower, and there is the defect of potential safety hazard in the operation of boiler.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:
an embodiment of the utility model provides a wall difference in temperature control system, include: the device comprises a temperature detection module, a data analysis module, a wall temperature control module and an electric heating module;
the temperature detection module is used for acquiring the detection temperature of the steam drum wall in real time;
the data analysis module analyzes the detected temperature to generate a control instruction, and sends the control instruction to the wall temperature control module and the electric heating module;
the wall temperature control module is used for operating the boiler according to a control instruction;
and the electric heating module is used for heating a first preset position of the boiler according to the control instruction.
Preferably, the wall temperature difference control system further comprises:
and the steam heating module is used for raising the temperature of the boiler to a preset temperature before the boiler is started.
Preferably, the wall temperature difference control system further comprises:
and the boiler barrel turbulence module is used for performing turbulence on a medium in the steam pocket by arranging the cyclone separator and the flow mixing pipe at a second preset position of the steam pocket.
Preferably, the cyclone separator is arranged in a segmented manner when the length of the drum wall is greater than a preset length.
Preferably, the detected temperature of the steam drum wall comprises: upper outer wall temperature detection, upper inner wall temperature detection and lower outer wall temperature detection.
Preferably, the wall temperature differential comprises: the temperature difference of the circumferential direction of the steam drum, the temperature difference of the radial direction of the steam drum and the temperature difference of the longitudinal wall of the steam drum.
Preferably, the data analysis module comprises: a transmitter and a microprocessor;
the detected temperature is sent to the microprocessor through the transmitter, and the microprocessor analyzes the detected temperature and generates a control instruction.
Preferably, the wall temperature control module includes: and starting the exhaust valve and the bypass valve of the steam turbine.
Preferably, when the starting speed of the combustion engine is greater than a first preset value or the starting time of the unit is less than a second preset value, the lower part of the boiler steam drum is heated according to the control command.
Preferably, the electric heating module is variable power control.
The utility model discloses technical scheme has following advantage:
the utility model provides a wall difference in temperature control system carries out analysis generation control command to detecting the temperature through data analysis module to move wall temperature control module and electric heating module, the operating speed of controlled temperature, effective control steam pocket wall difference in temperature guarantees steam pocket life-span and boiler operation safety.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of a specific example of a wall temperature difference control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another specific example of a wall temperature difference control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3a-3b are left side views of a steam drum according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a segment arrangement provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of an end portion of a communication cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a steam drum detection point provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a steam drum; 2. a superheater; 3. an evaporator; 4. a coal economizer; 5. a feed water regulating valve; 6. a main steam valve; 7. starting a steam exhaust valve; 8. the evaporator auxiliary heating regulating valve; 9. a drum auxiliary heating control valve; 10. a drum pressure measurement element; 11. an upper outer wall temperature measuring element; 12. an upper inner wall temperature measuring element; 13. a lower outer wall temperature element; 14. a turbine bypass valve; 15. mixed flow tubes (orifices); 16. a high-pressure steam drum auxiliary heating pipe; 17. the high-pressure steam pocket pipe is communicated with the cover; 18. a cyclone separator; 19. bypassing the chimney damper.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Examples
The embodiment provides a wall temperature difference control system, which is applied to the scenes of thick steam drum walls and combined cycle high-pressure steam drum wall temperature difference control.
As shown in fig. 1, a wall temperature differential control system includes: and the temperature detection module is used for acquiring the detection temperature of the steam drum wall in real time. The detected temperature is analyzed through the data analysis module, a control instruction is generated, and the control instruction is sent to the wall temperature control module and the electric heating module. And the wall temperature control module acts on the boiler according to the control instruction. And the electric heating module heats the first preset position of the boiler according to the control instruction. The steam drum wall temperature detection and control integration is realized, and the steam drum wall temperature can be automatically controlled.
In a specific embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention further includes: and the steam heating module is used for raising the temperature of the boiler to a preset temperature before the boiler is started. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, auxiliary steam heating devices are arranged at the bottom end of the evaporator 3 and the lower part of the steam drum 1, and cold water in the evaporator 3 and the steam drum 1 is heated in advance by opening the evaporator auxiliary heating regulating valve 8, so that the initial temperature of the steam drum 1 is increased, and the starting speed is accelerated. The heating pipe in the steam pocket 1 is shared with the high-pressure steam pocket auxiliary heating pipe 16. By way of example only, and not by way of limitation, the preset temperature of the corresponding value is selected according to actual requirements in actual application. When the boiler is started, the initial temperature of the steam drum 1 is higher, so that the temperature difference between the upper wall and the lower wall at the initial starting stage is effectively reduced, and the starting time is shortened. For example: the steam heating module is put into use before the boiler is started, auxiliary steam is introduced into the bottom of the evaporator 3 and the high-pressure steam drum auxiliary heating pipe 16, and the boiler water is heated to raise the temperature of the boiler to 100 ℃.
In a specific embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention further includes: and the boiler barrel turbulence module is used for reasonably arranging the cyclone separator 18 and the mixed flow pipe (hole) 15 at a second preset position of the steam drum 1 to perform turbulence on a medium in the steam drum 1 and homogenize the axial temperature of the steam drum 1. The second preset position is not limited herein, and the corresponding position is selected according to actual requirements in actual application. The structure optimization is carried out aiming at the flowing mixing dead zone possibly existing in the steam pocket 1, the dead zone turbulence is increased, the cold and hot water mixing and heat transfer are enhanced, the temperature detection error is reduced, and the wall temperature difference is reduced. Specifically, the drum turbulence module is automatically put into use and has no control logic. Turbulence in the steam drum 1 is increased in the starting process of the whole boiler, the difference of three groups (mainly lower walls) of temperature measuring points in the axial direction is reduced, and the temperature difference of the comprehensive wall is reduced.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3a-3b, the cyclone separators 18 are arranged in a segmented fashion when the length of the drum wall is greater than a predetermined length. The preset length is not limited, and corresponding selection judgment is carried out according to actual conditions in practical application. For example: the cyclone separator 18 is arranged so as to avoid being centrally arranged in the middle of the drum. As shown in fig. 4, the steam drum 1 is arranged in a sectional manner when the length is longer. As shown in fig. 3a and 5, the end of the communication cover 17 is as close to the end socket as possible, and two mixed flow pipes (holes) 15 are provided.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the circumferential (upper and lower wall) temperature difference: the lower part of the steam drum is a water space, and the upper part of the steam drum is a steam space. During the starting process of the boiler, the steam side is at the saturation temperature, and the water side is lower than the saturation temperature. In the temperature rising process, the temperature of the steam drum wall is lower than the temperature of the medium, and the medium heats the steam drum wall. The lower part of the steam drum is used for releasing heat of the steam-water mixture to the steam drum wall, the upper part of the steam drum is used for releasing heat of saturated steam to the steam drum wall, and the upper part condensation heat release coefficient is 3-4 times larger than the lower part convection heat release coefficient, so that the temperature of the upper wall is quickly raised, and the temperature difference between the upper wall and the lower wall, namely the circumferential temperature difference of the steam drum, is formed. The heat release coefficient is not limited herein.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the radial (inner and outer wall) temperature difference: the temperature difference between the inner wall and the outer wall is mainly caused by the temperature difference between the inner wall and the outer wall, namely the radial temperature difference of the steam drum, caused by medium temperature change, large steam drum wall thickness and inconsistent temperature change of the inner wall and the outer wall in the starting and stopping processes of the boiler.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the longitudinal (length direction) wall temperature difference: large utility boilers are generally longer in length due to the need to control wall thickness. The flow field of the medium in the steam pocket is uneven in the length direction, flow dead zones are easily formed in the areas at two ends of the steam pocket, and the areas close to the ascending pipe, the descending pipe or the steam water leading-out pipe are strong in flow, so that the axial wall temperature difference, namely the longitudinal wall temperature difference of the steam pocket, is easily caused.
In an embodiment of the utility model, the detection temperature of vapour drum wall includes: upper outer wall temperature detection, upper inner wall temperature detection and lower outer wall temperature detection. Three groups of wall temperature detection points are arranged along the length direction, and the total number is nine. As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the upper outer wall temperature measuring device 11, the upper inner wall temperature measuring device 12, and the lower outer wall temperature 13 are each provided with three detection points. By way of example only, and not by way of limitation, the positions and the number of the corresponding detection points are selected according to actual situations in practical applications. In practice, when the steam drum 1 is started and stopped, temperature control is mainly realized by controlling the operating pressure, so three groups of pressure detection points are arranged.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the wall temperature difference includes: the temperature difference of the circumferential direction of the steam drum, the temperature difference of the radial direction of the steam drum and the temperature difference of the longitudinal wall of the steam drum. By way of example only, and not by way of limitation, in practical applications, the wall temperature difference at the corresponding position is selected according to practical requirements.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, data analysis module carries out analysis generation control command to detecting the temperature to with control command send to wall temperature control module and electric heating module. Wherein, the data analysis module includes: transducer, microprocessor, cable, etc. By way of example only, and not by way of limitation, in practical applications, the corresponding devices are selected according to practical requirements. For example: the transmitter can be a temperature transmitter or a pressure transmitter according to data transmitted by the needs, and is not limited herein and is selected according to actual conditions. The microprocessor may be a processor such as DCS with data analysis and processing functions, but is not limited thereto. It should be noted that, when the data analysis module analyzes the detected temperature, a mature algorithm in the prior art is adopted to analyze and process the detected temperature.
In a specific real-time example, the sensed temperature is sent to a microprocessor via a transmitter, and the microprocessor analyzes the sensed temperature and generates a control command. It should be noted that the algorithm for generating the control command is an algorithm mature in the prior art. For example: when the wall temperature difference exceeds the standard, the opening degree of the valve needs to be increased at the moment to reduce the rising speed of the pressure, so that the wall temperature difference is reduced, and a control instruction for increasing the opening degree of the starting exhaust valve 7 is generated at the moment. The standard of exceeding standard is judged according to the actual situation, and is not limited herein. Such as: when the wall temperature difference exceeds a preset threshold, the preset threshold is not limited herein. When the wall temperature difference is small, a control instruction to reduce the opening degree of the startup exhaust valve 7 needs to be generated. In specific practical application, the generated instruction is correspondingly transmitted to the corresponding wall temperature control module and the electric heating module according to the generated instruction.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the wall temperature control module includes: the exhaust steam valve 7 and the steam turbine bypass valve 14 are started. By way of example only, and not by way of limitation, in practical applications, the corresponding device is selected according to practical requirements. For example: the wall temperature control module further comprises: a boiler main steam outlet valve 6, a boiler bypass chimney damper 19 and the like. Wherein, the main steam outlet valve 6, the starting exhaust steam valve 7 and the steam turbine bypass valve 14 are output end control devices, and the pressure increasing speed is controlled by controlling the steam output speed. Boiler bypass stack damper 19 controls the input heat at the input to control the steam generation rate.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, electric heating module for heat the first preset position of boiler according to control command. The first preset position is not limited herein, and the corresponding position is selected according to actual requirements in actual application. Specifically, when the starting speed of the combustion engine is greater than a first preset value or the starting time of the unit is less than a second preset value, the lower part of the boiler steam drum 1 is heated according to a control instruction. It should be noted that, the process of commanding the boiler according to the control command is an algorithm mature in the prior art. The first preset value and the second preset value are not limited herein, and are selected correspondingly according to actual conditions. For example: when the starting speed of the combustion engine is too high or the unit needs to be quickly started, the electric heating module at the lower part of the steam drum 1 can be started, the lower wall temperature is increased, the wall temperature difference can be effectively controlled conveniently, and the wall temperature difference is reduced so as to increase the starting speed. Specifically, half circle electrical heating paster is set up in the half of steam pocket 1 lower week, through heating steam pocket 1 lower wall, reduces the upper and lower wall difference in temperature, improves boiler start-up speed. The heating module is controlled by variable power.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3a-b, the wall temperature differential control system operates as follows:
before the boiler is started, the boiler is fed with water through the water feeding pump and the water feeding regulating valve 5, the water level of the steam drum 1 is fed with water to be above a normal water level, and the normal water temperature is correspondingly judged according to actual conditions without limitation. The steam space at the upper part of the steam pocket 1 is reduced as much as possible, and the influence of expansion stress caused by wall temperature difference is reduced.
And opening an auxiliary heating control valve 9, introducing auxiliary steam into the auxiliary heating control valve 8, heating the media in the steam drum 1 and the evaporator 3 to 95-100 ℃, and enabling the temperature of the upper wall and the lower wall of the steam drum 1 to be close to 100 ℃. The temperature to which the heating is carried out is selected according to the actual situation, and is not limited herein.
The heat is input into the boiler by starting the combustion engine, and then the temperature and pressure rise stage is started. The water in the evaporator 3 is heated to generate steam, the steam releases heat to the upper wall of the steam drum 1, and the temperature of the upper wall of the steam drum 1 is rapidly raised. When the pressure of the steam drum reaches 0.3MPa (selected according to actual conditions, but not limited herein), the boiler is started, the steam exhaust valve 7 is started, the air of the superheater 2 is exhausted, and the pressure increasing speed is reduced. After a certain time (e.g., 3 minutes, not limited herein), the steam turbine bypass valve 14 is opened, and the boiler start steam exhaust valve 7 is closed to save steam. The boiler continues to be boosted, the temperature difference between the upper wall and the lower wall of the steam drum 1 is detected in real time, when the temperature difference between the walls is close to the control value of the temperature difference between the walls of the steam drum (generally 50 ℃, without limitation), the opening degree of the bypass valve 14 of the steam turbine is increased, the pressure of the boiler is controlled, and the saturation temperature is further controlled by controlling the pressure of the steam drum 1.
When the wall temperature difference meets the preset condition (without limitation, corresponding setting is carried out according to the actual condition), the opening degree of the steam turbine bypass valve 14 can be stabilized and fine-tuned in real time. When the steam parameters meet the steam inlet requirement of the steam turbine, the main steam valve 6 is opened, the steam turbine bypass valve 14 is closed, and power generation is started.
The blowing-out process is operated reversely, and the pressure of the boiler is slowly reduced by controlling the sliding pressure of the boiler to blow out, so that the wall temperature difference is prevented from exceeding the standard. The boiler water supply regulating valve 5 can be controlled in the boiler shutdown process, the water level of the steam drum 1 is raised to be close to a high alarm, and the temperature of the upper wall of the steam drum 1 is reduced. After multiple times of debugging and verification, parameters such as an equipment operation process, a boosting speed, a valve opening degree and the like in the debugging process are recorded, and the parameters are programmed into a DCS (distributed control System), so that the automatic control of the temperature difference of the wall of the high-pressure steam drum and the start and stop of the boiler can be realized.
In a specific embodiment, the bypass chimney damper 19 is used as a device for controlling the boosting speed of the boiler, and the heating and boosting speed of the boiler can be controlled by controlling the flow of flue gas entering the boiler at the heat input end of the boiler, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the temperature difference of the steam drum wall.
In one embodiment, when the boiler input (engine output, bypass stack damper 19) is not regulated, such as: when the opening of the bypass valve 14 of the steam turbine reaches the maximum, the temperature difference of the steam drum wall is still higher than the control value and has an ascending trend, and the steam exhaust valve of the boiler can be opened simultaneously to control the pressure of the boiler.
In a specific embodiment, when the boiler input end (the output power of the combustion engine and the bypass chimney damper 19) cannot be regulated and controlled, and the opening degrees of the steam turbine bypass valve 14 and the starting exhaust steam valve 7 reach the maximum, the steam drum wall temperature difference is still higher than the control value and has an ascending trend, the electric heating system of the lower wall of the steam drum 1 can be opened, the temperature of the lower wall of the steam drum 1 is increased, and the wall temperature difference is reduced.
In a specific embodiment, when a large difference of the steam drum wall temperature in the length direction is detected (mainly the lower wall temperature), in order to avoid that the temperature difference in the length direction of the steam drum 1 is too large to influence the temperature detection accuracy, the arrangement position of the lower wall temperature measuring point can be optimized on site, and a more representative position (such as a position beside a lower pipe) is selected. The inner mixing tube (orifice) 15 is checked for abnormalities or blockages.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a pair of wall difference in temperature control system, temperature detection module send the detection temperature of the steam pocket wall that acquires in real time to data analysis module, and data analysis module carries out analysis generation control command to the detection temperature to with control command send to wall temperature control module and electric heating module, wall temperature control module moves the boiler according to control command, simultaneously, electric heating module heats the first preset position of boiler according to control command. Through the embodiment of the utility model provides a wall difference in temperature control system, the elevating speed of controlled temperature, effective control steam pocket wall difference in temperature guarantees steam pocket life-span and boiler operation safety.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wall temperature differential control system, comprising: the device comprises a temperature detection module, a data analysis module, a wall temperature control module and an electric heating module;
the temperature detection module is used for acquiring the detection temperature of the steam drum wall in real time;
the data analysis module analyzes the detected temperature to generate a control instruction, and sends the control instruction to the wall temperature control module and the electric heating module;
the wall temperature control module is used for operating the boiler according to a control instruction;
and the electric heating module is used for heating a first preset position of the boiler according to the control instruction.
2. The wall temperature differential control system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the steam heating module is used for raising the temperature of the boiler to a preset temperature before the boiler is started.
3. The wall temperature differential control system of claim 2, further comprising:
and the boiler barrel turbulence module is used for performing turbulence on a medium in the steam pocket by arranging the cyclone separator and the flow mixing pipe at a second preset position of the steam pocket.
4. The wall temperature differential control system of claim 3, wherein the cyclone is arranged in a segmented manner when the length of the drum wall is greater than a preset length.
5. The wall temperature differential control system of claim 1, wherein the sensed temperature of the steam drum wall comprises: upper outer wall temperature detection, upper inner wall temperature detection and lower outer wall temperature detection.
6. The wall temperature differential control system of claim 5, wherein the wall temperature differential comprises: the temperature difference of the circumferential direction of the steam drum, the temperature difference of the radial direction of the steam drum and the temperature difference of the longitudinal wall of the steam drum.
7. The wall temperature differential control system of claim 1, wherein the data analysis module comprises: a transmitter and a microprocessor;
the detected temperature is sent to the microprocessor through the transmitter, and the microprocessor analyzes the detected temperature and generates a control instruction.
8. The wall temperature differential control system of claim 1, wherein the wall temperature control module comprises: and starting the exhaust valve and the bypass valve of the steam turbine.
9. The wall temperature differential control system of claim 1, wherein the lower portion of the boiler drum is heated according to the control command when the startup speed of the combustion engine is greater than a first preset value or the unit startup time is less than a second preset value.
10. The wall temperature differential control system of claim 1, wherein the electrical heating module is a variable power control.
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| CN202121182717.4U CN214948950U (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | Wall temperature difference control system |
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| CN202121182717.4U CN214948950U (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | Wall temperature difference control system |
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