CN214781942U - Metallurgical smelting reduction furnace device - Google Patents
Metallurgical smelting reduction furnace device Download PDFInfo
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- CN214781942U CN214781942U CN202120644024.6U CN202120644024U CN214781942U CN 214781942 U CN214781942 U CN 214781942U CN 202120644024 U CN202120644024 U CN 202120644024U CN 214781942 U CN214781942 U CN 214781942U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to metallurgical melting reduction equipment field relates to a metallurgical melting reduction furnace device. The utility model discloses an iron bath formula reduction technology, upper portion is the slag blanket during smelting, lower part iron water layer, and the oxygen rifle blows oxygen to the slag blanket from the space on the furnace roof slag blanket, and slag blanket upper portion space sets up a plurality of dust removal spray guns and two flux spray guns around reducing furnace a week, and the symmetric distribution is to slag blanket jetting dust removal ash and flux. And a plurality of coal oxygen spray guns and dust removal spray guns are arranged on the upper slag layer around the reduction furnace, are arranged at intervals and are obliquely immersed into the upper slag layer to spray dust removal ash and coal. The lower slag layer is arranged around the reduction furnace, a plurality of coal-spraying guns are arranged around the reduction furnace, and the lower slag layer is obliquely immersed into the slag layer to spray molten iron. The dedusting ash, coal and flux are all conveyed by reducing coal gas, and the spray gun is of a water-cooling structure. The utility model discloses a mode such as foam slag sediment, thick slag blanket, slag blanket burning and splash the sediment heat transfer combines organically, and high-efficient handling iron bath melting reduction heat transfer and mass transfer problem.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to metallurgical melting reduction equipment field relates to a metallurgical melting reduction furnace device.
Background
The iron oxide in the dust or the mineral powder is directly reduced by C in a molten state to generate iron liquid and CO gas, the heat released by the secondary combustion of CO is remained except the heat required by the reduction and heat absorption of the iron oxide, and the remained heat is enough to heat and melt the iron oxide, so that the lowest carbon consumption for smelting can be achieved. This process is feasible from a thermodynamic perspective. For a long time, the iron bath smelting reduction has been studied domestically and abroad, but the large-scale commercial operation of the iron bath smelting reduction has not been realized so far, and the most core difficulty lies in that in order to realize the theoretical assumption, the heat generated by CO secondary combustion must be effectively transferred to a reduction zone, and meanwhile, the oxidation of the reduction zone must be avoided, but the heat transfer and the mass transfer are difficult to separate.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model aims at providing a metallurgical smelting reduction furnace device, adopt modes such as foam slag, thick slag blanket, slag blanket burning and splash slag heat transfer to combine organically, high-efficient processing iron bath melting reduction heat transfer and mass transfer problem.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:
a metallurgical smelting reduction furnace device comprises a furnace body, a furnace body and a slag layer, wherein the furnace body is used for smelting molten iron and a slag layer positioned above the molten iron; a tapping forehearth and a deslagging forehearth are respectively arranged at the positions corresponding to the molten iron and the slag layer on the furnace body; a first spray gun layer, a second spray gun layer and a third spray gun layer are sequentially arranged in a surrounding manner along the direction gradually approaching the bottom of the furnace body in the height direction of the furnace body; the first spray gun layer comprises a plurality of dust removal spray guns and at least two flux spray guns which are symmetrically distributed and used for spraying dust removal ash and flux to the slag layer; the second spray gun layer comprises a plurality of coal oxygen spray guns and dedusting ash spray guns which are arranged at intervals, and extends into the slag layer to spray dedusting ash and coal; the third spray gun layer comprises a plurality of coal injection guns for injecting molten iron.
Optionally, the second spray gun layer is arranged at a position matched with the slag layer and obliquely immersed into the slag layer.
Optionally, the coal injection lance in the third lance layer is obliquely immersed in the slag layer.
Optionally, a top-blown oxygen lance is arranged at the top of the furnace body, and jet flow is performed from the upper part of the furnace body to the slag layer to form slag layer depression and slag splashing.
Optionally, the fly ash and the coal flux sprayed in the fly ash spray gun, the flux spray gun, the coal oxygen spray gun and the coal spray gun are all conveyed by reducing coal gas.
Optionally, the reducing gas is blast furnace gas, converter gas and coke oven gas generated by a metallurgical enterprise, and hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane generated by processing the reducing gas.
Optionally, the coal injection gun is a sleeve type spray gun, the middle of the coal injection gun is used for injecting a mixture of coal powder and granular coal, and the outermost layer is a water cooling layer.
Optionally, the coal-oxygen spray gun is a sleeve-type spray gun, the outermost layer is a water cooling layer, the innermost layer is an oxygen layer, and the middle layer is a coal conveying pipe.
Optionally, the fly ash, the coal flux and the reducing gas injected in the fly ash injection gun, the flux injection gun, the coal oxygen injection gun and the coal injection gun are preheated in advance.
Optionally, the bottom of the furnace body is provided with air bricks, and a bottom blowing system for blowing the dehumidified and preheated coke oven gas to the molten iron is arranged below the air bricks.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
the utility model discloses top-blown oxygen rifle is to the high-speed jetting of slag blanket, and oxygen produces a large amount of heats at slag blanket interface and upper space and carbon and gas combustion, and the temperature can reach 1600 ℃ -2000 ℃, and the jetting forms a large amount of sediment drips that spatters, and the liquid level department forms the crown principle that splashes according to milk liquid level that drips, and the sediment that splashes drips and is heated rapidly and falls back to the slag blanket, forms little splashing once more, greatly increased slag blanket heated surface area.
The utility model discloses set up the coal oxygen spray gun in upper portion slag blanket, the coal gun spray gun is the submerged combustion in upper portion slag blanket, and the chemical reaction in this region mainly is the burning of fine coal, reaches the afterburning of the ascending coal gas of follow lower part. The heat released by the reaction is heated and blown into the dedusting ash and is transferred to the slag, the movement of the slag brings the heat to the reduction zone at the lower part of the slag layer, and the thick slag layer operation is adopted, so that the separation of the combustion oxidation zone of the upper slag layer and the reduction zone of the lower slag layer is facilitated.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and/or combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, features and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 1.
Reference numerals: a top-blowing oxygen lance 1, a flux spray gun 2, a coal-oxygen spray gun 3, a coal-spraying gun 4, a tapping forehearth 5, a bottom-blowing system 6, a slag-tapping forehearth 7 and a dedusting ash spray gun 8.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in the present specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in any way limiting the scope of the invention; for a better understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationships in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the terms according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, there is shown a metallurgical smelting reduction furnace apparatus comprising a pressurized tapping forehearth 5 and a tapping forehearth 7 for stabilizing tapping water and slag. The top-blowing oxygen lance 1 blows oxygen to the slag layer from the space above the slag layer on the top of the furnace, four blast furnace cloth bag ash spray guns 8 and two flux spray guns 2 are arranged in the space above the slag layer around the reduction furnace and are symmetrically distributed, and blast furnace cloth bag ash and flux are blown to the slag layer. Three coal oxygen spray guns 3 and three blast furnace cloth bag ash spray guns 8 are arranged on the upper slag layer surrounding the reduction furnace in a circle, the coal oxygen spray guns 3 and the cloth bag ash spray guns 8 are arranged at intervals, and the coal oxygen spray guns and the cloth bag ash spray guns 8 are obliquely and downwards immersed into the upper slag layer to spray blast furnace ash and coal. Six coal-spraying guns 4 are arranged around the reduction furnace in the lower slag layer, and the lower slag layer is obliquely immersed into the slag layer and sprays molten iron. The bag-type dedusting ash, coal and fusing agent are all conveyed by reducing coal gas, and the spray guns are all in a water-cooling structure. And (3) blowing the dehumidified and preheated coke oven gas to the molten iron layer through the air brick system 6 at the bottom of the reduction furnace, wherein the reduced gas blown at the bottom is used for reducing iron oxide and assisting in stirring a molten pool and burning.
The utility model takes coal gas generated by coal and metallurgical enterprises as heat source and reducing agent, and coal gasification generates H2And CO, the gases produced by metallurgical plants are generally coke oven gas, converter gas and blast furnace gas, these gases, in particular coke oven gas, containing large amounts of H2And methane, CO and methane reforming in the furnace occurs:
H2O+CO＝H2+CO2
CH4+H2O＝3H2+CO
CH4+CO2＝2H2+2CO
generation of H2，H2Participating in reduction reaction:
1/2F2O3+3/2H2＝Fe+3/2H2O ΔH°＝50.013KJ/molFe
and C participates in the reduction reaction:
1/2Fe2O3+3/2C＝Fe+3/2CO ΔH°＝246.940KJ/molFe
H2the heat quantity required by reduction is only about one fifth of that of C reduction, and the heat transfer quantity required by the molten pool can be greatly reduced. Due to H2The reduction rate is far higher than that of C and CO, so that the reaction speed can be greatly increased, and the size of the reduction furnace can be reduced.
The utility model discloses top-blown oxygen rifle 1 is to the high-speed jetting of slag blanket, and oxygen produces a large amount of heats at slag blanket interface and upper space and carbon and gas combustion, and the temperature can reach 1600 ℃ -2000 ℃, and the jetting forms a large amount of splashing slag drips, and the liquid level forms the crown of crown principle of splashing in liquid level department according to milk drippage, and the slag that flies out drips and is heated rapidly and falls back to the slag blanket, forms little splashing once more, greatly increased slag blanket heated surface area.
The utility model discloses set up coal oxygen spray gun 3 in upper portion slag blanket, the coal gun spray gun is the submerged combustion in upper portion slag blanket, and the chemical reaction in this region mainly is the burning of fine coal, reaches the afterburning of the ascending coal gas of follow lower part. The heat released by the reaction is heated and blown into the dedusting ash and is transferred to the slag, the movement of the slag brings the heat to the reduction zone at the lower part of the slag layer, and the thick slag layer operation is adopted, so that the separation of the combustion oxidation zone of the upper slag layer and the reduction zone of the lower slag layer is facilitated.
The utility model sprays coal on the lower slag layer, the coal enters the molten pool, at first, volatile decomposition and moisture and carbon reaction form CO and H around the coal particles2Gas phase, by CO, H in gas phase2The reducing gas reacts with FeO in the slag to form CO2And H2And reacting O with C, wherein the total reaction is as follows:
FeO+C＝Fe+CO
and C entering the molten iron layer is used for carburizing the molten iron.
Finally, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A metallurgical smelting reduction furnace device is characterized in that: the furnace comprises a furnace body, wherein the furnace body is used for smelting molten iron and a slag layer positioned above the molten iron; a tapping forehearth and a deslagging forehearth are respectively arranged at the positions corresponding to the molten iron and the slag layer on the furnace body; a first spray gun layer, a second spray gun layer and a third spray gun layer are sequentially arranged in a surrounding manner along the direction gradually approaching the bottom of the furnace body in the height direction of the furnace body; the first spray gun layer comprises a plurality of dust removal spray guns and at least two flux spray guns which are symmetrically distributed and used for spraying dust removal ash and flux to the slag layer; the second spray gun layer comprises a plurality of coal oxygen spray guns and dedusting ash spray guns which are arranged at intervals, and extends into the slag layer to spray dedusting ash and coal; the third spray gun layer comprises a plurality of coal injection guns for injecting molten iron.
2. A metallurgical smelting reduction furnace apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the second spray gun layer is arranged at a position matched with the slag layer and obliquely and downwards immersed into the slag layer.
3. A metallurgical smelting reduction furnace apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and the coal injection guns in the third spray gun layer are obliquely and downwards immersed in the slag layer.
4. A metallurgical smelting reduction furnace apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and a top-blowing oxygen lance is arranged at the top of the furnace body and jets from the upper part of the furnace body to the slag layer to form slag layer depression and slag splashing.
5. A metallurgical smelting reduction furnace apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the fly ash spray gun, the flux spray gun, the coal oxygen spray gun and the fly ash and the coal flux sprayed in the coal spray gun are all conveyed by reducing coal gas.
6. A metallurgical smelting reduction furnace apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the reducing gas is blast furnace gas, converter gas and coke oven gas generated by metallurgical enterprises and hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane generated by processing the reducing gas.
7. A metallurgical smelting reduction furnace apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the coal injection gun is a sleeve type spray gun, the mixture of coal powder and granular coal is injected in the middle, and the outermost layer is a water cooling layer.
8. A metallurgical smelting reduction furnace apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the coal-oxygen spray gun is a sleeve type spray gun, the outermost layer is a water cooling layer, the innermost layer is an oxygen layer, and the middle part is a coal conveying pipe.
9. A metallurgical smelting reduction furnace apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the fly ash, the coal fusing agent and the reducing coal gas sprayed in the fly ash spray gun, the fusing agent spray gun, the coal oxygen spray gun and the coal spray gun are preheated in advance.
10. A metallurgical smelting reduction furnace apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the furnace body is provided with air bricks, and a bottom blowing system for blowing the dehumidified and preheated coke oven gas to molten iron is arranged below the air bricks.
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| CN202120644024.6U CN214781942U (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Metallurgical smelting reduction furnace device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112941263A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-06-11 | 重庆赛迪热工环保工程技术有限公司 | Metallurgical smelting reduction furnace device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112941263A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-06-11 | 重庆赛迪热工环保工程技术有限公司 | Metallurgical smelting reduction furnace device |
| CN112941263B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2024-11-05 | 重庆赛迪热工环保工程技术有限公司 | Metallurgical melting reduction furnace device |
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