CN203759552U - Efficient solar automatic tracking device - Google Patents
Efficient solar automatic tracking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN203759552U CN203759552U CN201420176772.6U CN201420176772U CN203759552U CN 203759552 U CN203759552 U CN 203759552U CN 201420176772 U CN201420176772 U CN 201420176772U CN 203759552 U CN203759552 U CN 203759552U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an efficient solar automatic tracking device comprising a single-chip microcomputer control module. The single-chip microcomputer control module is connected with a photoelectric detection tracking module, a motor module and a solar angle tracking module. The photoelectric detection tracking module and the motor module are connected with a solar photovoltaic array. The photoelectric detection tracking module comprises a weather detection circuit used for judging weather conditions and a photoelectric solar azimuth detection circuit. The solar angle tracking module is used for driving the motor module so as to adjust the direction of the solar photovoltaic array. The efficient solar automatic tracking device has the advantages that a solar panel can be changed with changes in solar elevation angle and azimuthal angle and kept perpendicular to sunlight constantly so that utilization rate of the solar panel is increased; the photoelectric detection tracking method and the solar angle tracking method are combined, flexibility of the tracking device is improved, the tracking device is less susceptible to weather and other light sources, and the tracking device is high in stability and has small errors.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic application, and particularly a kind of solar angle tracking and Photoelectric Detection utilized followed the trail of the high-efficiency solar automatic tracking device combining.
Background technology
The sun is not releasing energy to universe all the time, although wherein only have atomic little part to arrive the earth.Nonetheless, the solar radiation energy that per minute earth surface receives still up to
kilowatt, be equivalent to 6,000,000,000 tons of standard coal equivalents.Because the supply of solar radiation can be described as endlessly, so that sun power can be described as is comparatively speaking inexhaustible.Utilize solar electrical energy generation, can not cause environmental pollution, utilizing clean energy resource to substitute traditional fossil energy is the optimal selection that maintains sustainable development path.The development and utilization of sun power is subject to the attention of more and more national, and the photovoltaic apparatus manufacture of China had formed scale already gradually, for the development of photovoltaic industry provides powerful support.Yet at present also very limited to the utilization of sun power, the efficiency of on average dispatching from the factory of the more much higher crystal silicon battery of cost performance is in 16% left and right.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of high-efficiency solar automatic tracking device, and this apparatus structure is simple, is easy to realize.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is: a kind of high-efficiency solar automatic tracking device, comprise a single chip control module, and this single chip control module is connected with Photoelectric Detection tracing module, motor module and solar angle tracing module; Described Photoelectric Detection tracing module is also connected with photovoltaic array with motor module; Described Photoelectric Detection tracing module comprises for judging rain or shine day testing circuit and the photoelectrical solar orientation detection circuit of weather condition; Described solar angle tracing module is for drive motor module, with adjust photovoltaic array towards.
In the utility model embodiment, a described rain or shine day testing circuit comprises the first photodiode, the first amplifier and first to fourth resistance; Described the first photodiode negative terminal is connected to positive source, and described the first photodiode is just being connected to the in-phase input end of described the first amplifier, and the anode of described the first photodiode is also connected to ground through the first resistance; The inverting input of described the first amplifier is connected to ground through the second resistance, the 3rd resistance, and the inverting input of described the first amplifier is also connected to positive source through the 4th resistance; The output terminal of described the first amplifier is connected to single-chip microcomputer, and the VCC end of this first amplifier is connected with positive source, and the VEE end of this first amplifier is connected with ground.
In the utility model embodiment, described photoelectrical solar orientation detection circuit comprises 5 photodiodes, centered by the second photodiode in those photodiodes, be the cross disk upper surface that is distributed in, the photodiode that each photodiode is adjacent all keeps certain gap; Described disk is positioned in the hollow circuit cylinder cover that a top has light hole.
In the utility model embodiment, described photoelectrical solar orientation detection circuit also comprises the second to the 5th amplifier and the 5th to the 9th resistance; The described second negative terminal to the 6th photodiode is all connected to positive source, and the described second anode to the 6th photodiode is also connected to ground through the 5th to the 9th resistance respectively; The anode of described the second photodiode is connected to the in-phase input end of the second amplifier; The anode of described the 3rd photodiode is connected to the inverting input of the second amplifier; The anode of described the 4th photodiode is connected to the inverting input of the 3rd amplifier; The anode of described the 5th photodiode is connected to the inverting input of four high guaily unit; The anode of described the 6th photodiode is connected to the inverting input of the 5th amplifier; The in-phase input end of described the second amplifier is connected with the in-phase input end of the 5th amplifier with the 3rd in-phase input end of amplifier, the in-phase input end of four high guaily unit.
In the utility model embodiment, described single chip control module comprises single-chip microcomputer and four groups of motor-drive circuits; Described the first motor-drive circuit comprises a diode, the first to second triode, a relay and the tenth to the 12 resistance; One pin of described single-chip microcomputer is connected to positive source through the tenth resistance, and the pin of this single-chip microcomputer is also connected to the first transistor base through the 11 resistance; The collector of described the first triode is connected with the base stage of one end of the 12 resistance, the second triode, the other end of described the 12 resistance is connected to positive source, the collector of described the second triode is connected to positive source through diode, the collector of described the second triode is also connected to positive source through relay, and the emitter of described the first to second triode is all connected to ground; The described second to the 4th motor-drive circuit is all identical with the first motor-drive circuit.
In the utility model embodiment, described single chip control module adopts AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer.
In the utility model embodiment, described motor module is direct current generator.
Compared to prior art, the utlity model has following beneficial effect:
1. the angle of adjusting photovoltaic permutation makes it all the time perpendicular to solar irradiation, with this, improves the efficiency that photovoltaic array absorbs luminous energy;
2. adopt the trace mode that Photoelectric Detection is followed the trail of and solar angle tracking combines, with this, improve the efficiency of tracking.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is system framework figure of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is day testing circuit rain or shine.
Fig. 4 is the disk of 5 photodiodes of distribution.
Fig. 5 is the hollow circuit cylinder cover that light hole is arranged at top.
Fig. 6 is photoelectrical solar orientation detection circuit.
Fig. 7 is single chip control module circuit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical solution of the utility model is specifically described.
A kind of high-efficiency solar automatic tracking device of the present utility model, comprises a single chip control module, and this single chip control module is connected with Photoelectric Detection tracing module, motor module and solar angle tracing module; Described Photoelectric Detection tracing module is also connected with photovoltaic array with motor module; Described Photoelectric Detection tracing module comprises for judging rain or shine day testing circuit and the photoelectrical solar orientation detection circuit of weather condition; Described solar angle tracing module is for drive motor module, with adjust photovoltaic array towards.
A described rain or shine day testing circuit comprises the first photodiode, the first amplifier and first to fourth resistance; Described the first photodiode negative terminal is connected to positive source, and described the first photodiode is just being connected to the in-phase input end of described the first amplifier, and the anode of described the first photodiode is also connected to ground through the first resistance; The inverting input of described the first amplifier is connected to ground through the second resistance, the 3rd resistance, and the inverting input of described the first amplifier is also connected to positive source through the 4th resistance; The output terminal of described the first amplifier is connected to single-chip microcomputer, and the VCC end of this first amplifier is connected with positive source, and the VEE end of this first amplifier is connected with ground.
In order better to receive sunshine and to avoid extraneous interference, described photoelectrical solar orientation detection circuit comprises 5 photodiodes, centered by the second photodiode in those photodiodes, be the cross disk upper surface that is distributed in, the photodiode that each photodiode is adjacent all keeps certain gap; Described disk is positioned in the hollow circuit cylinder cover that a top has light hole.
Described photoelectrical solar orientation detection circuit also comprises the second to the 5th amplifier (adopting the LM423 of integrated four amplifiers in the utility model) and the 5th to the 9th resistance; The described second negative terminal to the 6th photodiode is all connected to positive source, and the described second anode to the 6th photodiode is also connected to ground through the 5th to the 9th resistance respectively; The anode of described the second photodiode is connected to the in-phase input end of the second amplifier; The anode of described the 3rd photodiode is connected to the inverting input of the second amplifier; The anode of described the 4th photodiode is connected to the inverting input of the 3rd amplifier; The anode of described the 5th photodiode is connected to the inverting input of four high guaily unit; The anode of described the 6th photodiode is connected to the inverting input of the 5th amplifier; The in-phase input end of described the second amplifier is connected with the in-phase input end of the 5th amplifier with the 3rd in-phase input end of amplifier, the in-phase input end of four high guaily unit.
Described single chip control module comprises single-chip microcomputer and four groups of motor-drive circuits; Described the first motor-drive circuit comprises a diode, the first to second triode, a relay and the tenth to the 12 resistance; One pin of described single-chip microcomputer is connected to positive source through the tenth resistance, and the pin of this single-chip microcomputer is also connected to the first transistor base through the 11 resistance; The collector of described the first triode is connected with the base stage of one end of the 12 resistance, the second triode, the other end of described the 12 resistance is connected to positive source, the collector of described the second triode is connected to positive source through diode, the collector of described the second triode is also connected to positive source through relay, and the emitter of described the first to second triode is all connected to ground; The described second to the 4th motor-drive circuit is all identical with the first motor-drive circuit.
For allowing those skilled in the art more understand hardware configuration scheme of the present utility model; below in conjunction with specific embodiment, tell about the utility model; it should be noted that the software section that this process relates to is not protection content of the present utility model, the explanation of just carrying out in order to allow technician more understand the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model device is mainly comprised of photovoltaic array 1, Photoelectric Detection tracing module 2, solar angle tracing module 3, single chip control module 4, motor module 5; Photovoltaic array 1 is directly connected with motor module 5 with Photoelectric Detection tracing module 2, utilize a rain or shine day testing circuit built-in in Photoelectric Detection tracing module 2 to judge it is weather condition, the fine day of illumination abundance is enabled Photoelectric Detection tracing module 2, and the cloudy day of illumination deficiency starts solar angle tracing module 3; Photoelectric Detection tracing module 2, solar angle tracing module 3 are connected with single chip control module 4, two tracing module send electric signal to single chip control module 4 according to trace mode separately, in single chip control module 4 inside, single-chip microcomputer carrys out command control circuit work according to the electric signal detecting, and then control the angle that photovoltaic array 1 is adjusted in motor module 5 work, to reach the object of tracking.
Photoelectric Detection tracing module 2 comprises rain or shine day testing circuit and photoelectrical solar orientation detection circuit, rain or shine day testing circuit as shown in Figure 3, in circuit, with a 2CU101D photodiode D, detect the power of sunshine, after meet one group of amplifier U1 and compare circuit, on the pin P0.4 of the output terminal street single-chip microcomputer of amplifier U1; When solar irradiation is not enough, the photodiode D in circuit cannot conducting, amplifier U1 output low level, and after the pin P0.4 of single-chip microcomputer detects low level, system starts solar angle tracing module 3, otherwise, enable photoelectrical solar orientation detection circuit; The model of photoelectrical solar orientation detection circuit as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5,5 photodiodes are cross and are distributed in one above disk centered by D0, each photodiode and adjacent photodiode keep certain gap, in order better to receive sunshine and to avoid extraneous interference, the disk of Fig. 4 is put into the hollow circuit cylinder cover that light hole is arranged at a top; The negative terminal of 5 photodiodes connects power supply, anode is connected respectively to 4 in-phase input ends of LM423, the anode of D0 is connected with 4 in-phase input ends of LM423, the anode of D1 ~ D4 is connected with 4 inverting inputs of LM423 respectively, D0 and D1 ~ D4 have just formed four groups of comparator circuits like this, again 4 output terminals of LM423 are connected with P2.0 ~ P2.3 port of single-chip microcomputer respectively, so just can judge solar azimuth by the current potential of P2.0 ~ P2.3, photoelectrical solar orientation detection circuit as shown in Figure 6.By the current potential of these four end points, judge the direction of solar irradiation, by Single-chip Controlling motor, towards the direction of solar irradiation, rotated, until only there is the photodiode D0 that is positioned at disk central authorities to receive illumination.
Solar angle tracing module 3 reads the instant time by the clock chip of single chip control module, calculates corresponding sun angle value of this moment.Again in conjunction with preset model, by the length of photovoltaic array, calculate photovoltaic array at the height of this moment sun altitude and position angle difference offset level direction, after time delay 15 minutes, profit uses the same method and calculates the offset height on corresponding both direction, by these two differences in height that constantly change, just can calculate the time that needs electric machine rotation, with this, guarantee that photovoltaic permutation is vertical with the angle of solar irradiation all the time.
In single chip control module 5, by motor circuit, control electric machine rotation, motor-drive circuit as shown in Figure 7; Actual motor-drive circuit is by 4 groups and the identical the electric circuit constitute of upper figure, Si Ge branch is accessed by four pin P1.4-P1.7 of AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer respectively, four groups of circuit connect the positive and negative rotation that four relays are controlled respectively two motor, and gear train is comprised of worm drive.
The solar tracking apparatus that this comprehensive Photoelectric Detection is followed the trail of and solar angle is followed the trail of normally moves compared with guaranteeing under complicated situation in Changes in weather in time, with this, guarantee the precision of following the trail of, guarantee that photovoltaic array absorbs best solar irradiation, improve the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of photovoltaic array.
Be more than preferred embodiment of the present utility model, all changes of doing according to technical solutions of the utility model, when the function producing does not exceed the scope of technical solutions of the utility model, all belong to protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. a high-efficiency solar automatic tracking device, is characterized in that: comprise a single chip control module, this single chip control module is connected with Photoelectric Detection tracing module, motor module and solar angle tracing module; Described Photoelectric Detection tracing module is also connected with photovoltaic array with motor module; Described Photoelectric Detection tracing module comprises for judging rain or shine day testing circuit and the photoelectrical solar orientation detection circuit of weather condition; Described solar angle tracing module is for drive motor module, with adjust photovoltaic array towards.
2. a kind of high-efficiency solar automatic tracking device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: a described rain or shine day testing circuit comprises the first photodiode, the first amplifier and first to fourth resistance; Described the first photodiode negative terminal is connected to positive source, and described the first photodiode is just being connected to the in-phase input end of described the first amplifier, and the anode of described the first photodiode is also connected to ground through the first resistance; The inverting input of described the first amplifier is connected to ground through the second resistance, the 3rd resistance, and the inverting input of described the first amplifier is also connected to positive source through the 4th resistance; The output terminal of described the first amplifier is connected to single-chip microcomputer, and the VCC end of this first amplifier is connected with positive source, and the VEE end of this first amplifier is connected with ground.
3. a kind of high-efficiency solar automatic tracking device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described photoelectrical solar orientation detection circuit comprises 5 photodiodes, centered by the second photodiode in those photodiodes, be the cross disk upper surface that is distributed in, the photodiode that each photodiode is adjacent all keeps certain gap; Described disk is positioned in the hollow circuit cylinder cover that a top has light hole.
4. a kind of high-efficiency solar automatic tracking device according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described photoelectrical solar orientation detection circuit also comprises the second to the 5th amplifier and the 5th to the 9th resistance; The described second negative terminal to the 6th photodiode is all connected to positive source, and the described second anode to the 6th photodiode is also connected to ground through the 5th to the 9th resistance respectively; The anode of described the second photodiode is connected to the in-phase input end of the second amplifier; The anode of described the 3rd photodiode is connected to the inverting input of the second amplifier; The anode of described the 4th photodiode is connected to the inverting input of the 3rd amplifier; The anode of described the 5th photodiode is connected to the inverting input of four high guaily unit; The anode of described the 6th photodiode is connected to the inverting input of the 5th amplifier; The in-phase input end of described the second amplifier is connected with the in-phase input end of the 5th amplifier with the 3rd in-phase input end of amplifier, the in-phase input end of four high guaily unit.
5. according to a kind of high-efficiency solar automatic tracking device described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: described single chip control module comprises single-chip microcomputer and four groups of motor-drive circuits; Described the first motor-drive circuit comprises a diode, the first to second triode, a relay and the tenth to the 12 resistance; One pin of described single-chip microcomputer is connected to positive source through the tenth resistance, and the pin of this single-chip microcomputer is also connected to the first transistor base through the 11 resistance; The collector of described the first triode is connected with the base stage of one end of the 12 resistance, the second triode, the other end of described the 12 resistance is connected to positive source, the collector of described the second triode is connected to positive source through diode, the collector of described the second triode is also connected to positive source through relay, and the emitter of described the first to second triode is all connected to ground; The described second to the 4th motor-drive circuit is all identical with the first motor-drive circuit.
6. a kind of high-efficiency solar automatic tracking device according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described single chip control module adopts AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer.
7. a kind of high-efficiency solar automatic tracking device according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described motor module is direct current generator.
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| CN201420176772.6U CN203759552U (en) | 2014-04-14 | 2014-04-14 | Efficient solar automatic tracking device |
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| CN201420176772.6U CN203759552U (en) | 2014-04-14 | 2014-04-14 | Efficient solar automatic tracking device |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104345740A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-11 | 国家电网公司 | Power building door window control system based on multi-power supply complementation |
| CN107255964A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-17 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | A kind of birds observation system |
| CN108121365A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-05 | 宁波江北思洞工业设计有限公司 | A kind of automatic sun-exposing photovoltaic panel |
| CN108126920A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-08 | 宁波江北思洞工业设计有限公司 | Automatic dust removing photovoltaic panel |
| CN110375676A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-10-25 | 浙江科技学院 | A kind of photodetector for double-shaft solar tracing system |
| CN110601652A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-20 | 蚌埠学院 | Solar energy automatic tracking system |
-
2014
- 2014-04-14 CN CN201420176772.6U patent/CN203759552U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104345740A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-11 | 国家电网公司 | Power building door window control system based on multi-power supply complementation |
| CN104345740B (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2017-02-15 | 国家电网公司 | Power building door window control system based on multi-power supply complementation |
| CN107255964A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-17 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | A kind of birds observation system |
| CN108121365A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-05 | 宁波江北思洞工业设计有限公司 | A kind of automatic sun-exposing photovoltaic panel |
| CN108126920A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-08 | 宁波江北思洞工业设计有限公司 | Automatic dust removing photovoltaic panel |
| CN110375676A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-10-25 | 浙江科技学院 | A kind of photodetector for double-shaft solar tracing system |
| CN110601652A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-20 | 蚌埠学院 | Solar energy automatic tracking system |
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