CN203272588U - Active electromagnetic control system for vibration of plate-girder structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an active electromagnetic control system for plate girder structure vibration, which comprises a mechanical part and a control part. The mechanical part includes a wall made of non-ferromagnetic material, a plate girder structure and an electromagnet. One end is connected to the wall, and a displacement sensor is provided on the plate beam structure. The electromagnet includes electromagnet A, electromagnet B, electromagnet C, and electromagnet D. The control part includes a computer, a power amplifier, and no filter. A full-wave rectifier circuit, the computer is connected to the displacement sensor, the input end of the power amplifier is connected to the computer, one of the output ends of the power amplifier is connected to the electromagnet A and electromagnet D through a bridge rectifier circuit without a filter, and the other Connect directly with electromagnet B and electromagnet C. When the plate girder structure vibrates, it can spontaneously change the magnetic pole polarity and magnetic field strength of the electromagnet, so that the vibration attenuates quickly and reduces the damage of the mechanical system due to vibration.

Description

Active Electromagnetic Control System for Plate Girder Structural Vibration

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical vibration and noise control, in particular to an active electromagnetic control system for plate beam structure vibration.

Background technique

When any mechanical system is dynamically excited or disturbed, it will produce a response, manifested as structural vibration and noise, which will not only reduce the performance of the mechanical system, but also endanger human health. With the development of aerospace, precision machinery, micro-nano technology, etc. With the development of the field, the suppression of structural vibration has become an important research topic in the design of various systems. However, most of the existing technologies are controlled by means of additional damping and piezoelectric smart structures, which have the following disadvantages:

1) Due to frequent changes in the operating load and operating conditions of the equipment, the severity of the vibration is also changing. Once the ordinary additional damping structure is fabricated and installed, the damping coefficient cannot be changed. When the mechanical system operates in an environment Changes, especially resonance, do not in themselves have the ability to increase damping.

2) For the piezoelectric smart structure, the control effect is often affected due to the limited force of the existing piezoelectric actuator on the vibrating structure.

The utility model adopts the change of the magnetic pole polarity and the magnetic field strength of the electromagnet to control the vibration of the plate girder structure, and is suitable for controlling the vibration of the plate girder structure with relatively large rigidity.

Contents of the invention

The utility model aims to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, and provides an active electromagnetic control system for plate beam structure vibration; including an active electromagnetic control system without a damping material layer, and an active electromagnetic damping control system with a damping material layer, Realize the vibration control of the plate beam structure to reduce the damage caused by vibration of the mechanical system, maintain the accuracy and reliability of the equipment, prolong the service life of the equipment, suppress the noise pollution caused by the structure to the environment, and ensure the physical and mental health of the operators .

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

An active electromagnetic control system for the vibration of a plate girder structure. The system includes a mechanical part and a control part. The mechanical part includes a wall made of non-ferromagnetic material, a plate girder structure, and an electromagnet. One end of the plate girder structure It is connected with the wall made of non-ferromagnetic material, and the plate beam structure is provided with a displacement sensor. The electromagnet includes electromagnet A, electromagnet B, electromagnet C and electromagnet D, wherein electromagnet A and electromagnet C are set In the wall made of non-ferromagnetic material, the electromagnet B and electromagnet D are arranged on both sides of the plate girder structure, the coil winding directions of the electromagnet A, electromagnet B and electromagnet D are the same, and the electromagnet The coil winding direction of C is opposite to that of electromagnet A, electromagnet B and electromagnet D, electromagnet A and electromagnet D are connected in series through wires, and electromagnet B and electromagnet C are connected in series through wires; The center line of electromagnet A and electromagnet B is collinear, and the center line of electromagnet C and electromagnet D is collinear; Described control part comprises computer, power amplifier, rectifier circuit, and described computer is connected with displacement sensor, and power amplifier input One of the output ends of the power amplifier is connected to electromagnet A and electromagnet D through a bridge rectifier circuit without filter, and the other is directly connected to electromagnet B and electromagnet C. The power amplifier amplifies the control signal from the computer to a set multiple, so that the force generated between the electromagnets is large enough to overcome the vibration of the plate beam. The drive circuit is divided into two circuits at the output of the power amplifier. The bridge rectifier circuit with filter is connected with electromagnets A and D, and the other circuit is directly connected with electromagnets B and C.

The electromagnet A and the electromagnet C are symmetrically arranged in the wall made of non-ferromagnetic material with the central plane of the plate girder structure 4 as the symmetrical plane, and the electromagnet B and the electromagnet D are symmetrically arranged in the plate girder On both sides of the structure, the centerlines of electromagnet A and electromagnet B are collinear, and the centerlines of electromagnet C and electromagnet D are collinear.

A damping material layer is arranged on the upper and lower sides of the vibrating plate beam, and a constraining layer is arranged outside the damping material layer, and the electromagnet B and electromagnet D are arranged outside the constraining layer and close to one end of the wall.

The displacement sensor is arranged on the upper side or the lower side of the plate beam structure, and the displacement sensor is arranged on the end far away from the wall made of non-ferromagnetic material. When the plate girder structure bends downward, the displacement detected by the displacement sensor is positive; when the plate girder structure bends upward, the displacement detected by the displacement sensor is negative. The displacement sensor is connected to the computer of the control system through the signal line, and the computer is connected to the electromagnet through the power amplifier. The output of the power amplifier is divided into two circuits, one of which is connected to the electromagnet A and the electromagnet through the bridge full-wave rectifier circuit without filter. D connection, so that even if the direction of the output current of the power amplifier changes, the direction of the current passing through the electromagnet A and electromagnet D remains unchanged, that is, the polarity of the magnetic pole is always unchanged, but its magnetic field strength can be controlled by adjusting the current; the other way It is directly connected with electromagnet B and electromagnet C, so that the magnetic polarity and magnetic field strength of B and C can be controlled.

The damping material of the indirect control structure can be any one of butyl rubber, neoprene, and nitrile rubber, and silicon rubber can be used for high-temperature environments.

The electromagnet adopts a solenoid electromagnet, and the iron core is inserted into the interior of the solenoid and fixed thereto. The iron core is made of soft iron or silicon steel material with fast degaussing. These materials can demagnetize immediately after the electromagnet is powered off. When the coil is supplied with current, a magnetic field is generated inside the coil to magnetize the soft iron rod. The magnetic field generated by the iron rod and the coil The magnetic field superposition greatly enhances the magnetic field of the solenoid, but after the current is cut off, the magnetism of the coil and the soft iron rod disappears. In the utility model, the two electromagnets of the direct control structure are directly installed on the plate girder structure, and the damping material layer and the restraining material layer are added between the electromagnet and the plate girder structure of the indirect control structure, while the remaining two electromagnets are installed separately On the wall perpendicular to the plate girder structure, and aligned with the position of the electromagnet on the plate girder structure. All electromagnets need to be connected to the power amplifier through wires. The electromagnetic control system sends out a control signal, and the electromagnet coil is energized through the power amplifier. The direction and magnitude of the control current are adjusted through the computer PID control algorithm to control the magnetic pole polarity of the electromagnet. And the strength of the magnetic field, and then change the force between the electromagnet of the plate girder structure and the wall electromagnet, and weaken the vibration of the plate girder structure.

The rectification circuit adopts a bridge full-wave rectification circuit without filter, which consists of four diodes connected in pairs. The left end of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected to one of the output ends of the power amplifier, and the right end is connected to electromagnet A and electromagnet D. When the plate beam structure bends and vibrates downward, the displacement is positive, the input current is positive, and the diodes are positive to D1 and D3. To the voltage, Dl, D3 conduction, diodes add reverse voltage to D2, D4, D2, D4 cut off, the circuit is composed of power amplifier, diode D1, electromagnet A, electromagnet D, diode D3 constitute a energization circuit, in the electromagnet There is a positive half-wave rectified voltage on A and D; when the plate beam structure bends upwards and vibrates, the displacement is negative, the input current is negative, the diodes apply forward voltage to D2 and D4, D2 and D4 are turned on, and the diodes to D1 and D4 are turned on. D3 adds reverse voltage, D1 and D3 cut off, and the circuit is composed of power amplifier, diode D2, electromagnet A, electromagnet D, and diode D4 to form a energized circuit, and there is also a positive half-wave rectified voltage on electromagnets A and D. Repeating this way, the result is an unfiltered full-wave rectified voltage on the electromagnets A and D, that is to say, the polarity of the magnetic poles of the electromagnets A and D is constant, and the magnetic field strength is controllable.

The computer processes the displacement signal input by the displacement sensor through the PID control algorithm, and the computer calculates the corresponding output signal according to the displacement value. The output signal is amplified by the power amplifier and divided into two channels. The wave rectification circuit is loaded on electromagnet A and electromagnet D with constant magnetic polarity and controllable magnetic field strength, and the other circuit is directly added to electromagnet B and electromagnet C with controllable magnetic polarity and magnetic field strength . The specific processing steps are that the PID control algorithm compares the measured displacement value of the displacement sensor with the designed minimum displacement through a comparator, and when the absolute value of the displacement is less than the designed minimum displacement absolute value, the control system computer does not send a control signal, and the electromagnet is disconnected. Electricity; when the absolute value of the displacement measured by the displacement sensor is greater than the absolute value of the minimum design displacement and is negative, it indicates that the plate girder structure is flexing upward, and the PID control algorithm calculates the corresponding output according to the displacement value, and the output is amplified by the power amplifier It is divided into two circuits, one is loaded on the electromagnets A and D with constant magnetic polarity and controllable magnetic field strength through a bridge full-wave rectifier circuit without filter, and the other is directly applied to the magnetic polarity and magnetic field strength On the electromagnets B and C whose size can be controlled, so that the repulsive force is generated between the electromagnets A and B, and the attractive force is generated between C and D. For the direct control structure, the electromagnet is directly installed on the plate beam structure. The vibration of the plate girder structure is directly controlled by the force between the electromagnets. At this time, a clockwise bending moment is generated to weaken the vibration of the upward bending plate girder. For the indirect control structure, when the plate girder flexes upwards, the damping material layer attached to the upper and lower sides of the plate girder will undergo shear deformation, in addition to generating a variable moment to bring the plate girder structure back to the equilibrium position, it can also pass The shear deformation of the damping material layer consumes the vibration energy to attenuate the vibration as soon as possible; similarly, when the absolute value of the displacement measured by the displacement sensor is greater than the absolute value of the design minimum displacement and is positive, it indicates that the plate girder structure is in downward bending vibration. The PID control algorithm calculates the corresponding output according to the displacement value. The output is amplified by the power amplifier and divided into two channels. One channel is loaded on the electromagnets A and D through a bridge-type full-wave rectifier circuit without a filter, and the other channel directly Connect with electromagnets B and C, so that there is an attractive force between the electromagnets A and B, and a repulsive force between C and D. For the direct control system, the force between the electromagnets directly controls the vibration of the plate girder structure , generating a counterclockwise bending moment that dampens the downward bending vibration of the plate girder structure. For the indirect control structure, when the plate girder bends downward, the damping material attached to the upper and lower sides of the plate girder structure is subject to reverse shear deformation, in addition to generating a variable moment to bring the plate girder structure back to the equilibrium position, The vibration energy can also be consumed through the shear deformation of the damping material layer, so that the vibration can be attenuated as soon as possible.

After the utility model is implemented, when the plate girder structure vibrates, the electromagnetic control system uses the PID control algorithm to control the current direction and magnitude of the control circuit, so as to realize the controllability of the electromagnet polarity and magnetic field intensity of the system. When the operating state of the mechanical system changes or the environment changes, the vibration of the system structure changes. When the displacement sensor converts the detected displacement information into an electrical signal and transmits it to the computer of the electromagnetic control system, the computer compares the displacement measurement value with the control The target value is compared, and the magnitude and direction of the current are calculated according to the PID algorithm of electromagnetic control, which is amplified by the power amplifier and input to the electromagnet. By changing the current direction and magnitude of the electromagnet, the relationship between the plate beam structure electromagnet and the wall electromagnet is changed. The force between them produces a variable moment that brings the plate girder structure back to the equilibrium position, so that the vibration of the cantilever plate girder structure is rapidly attenuated. The displacement sensor then feeds back the measured displacement to the control system computer. By controlling the polarity and magnetic field strength of the electromagnet, the closed-loop control of the vibration displacement of the plate girder structure is realized.

The working principle of the utility model: the electromagnet is a device that uses the magnetic effect of the current to make the soft iron core magnetic. Relatedly, the soft iron rod is inserted into the solenoid, when the coil is supplied with current, a magnetic field is generated inside the coil to magnetize the soft iron rod, and the magnetic field generated by the iron rod is superimposed on the coil magnetic field, and the magnetic field strength of the solenoid is greatly enhanced, but the current After cutting off, the magnetism of the coil and the soft iron rod disappears. The magnetic polarity of the electromagnet can be controlled by the direction of the current, and the strength of the magnetic field can be controlled by the magnitude of the current. The utility model controls the vibration of the plate girder structure by controlling the magnetic polarity and magnetic field intensity of the electromagnet, and controls the magnetic pole polarity and magnetic field of the electromagnet fixed on the wall and the electromagnet fixed on the plate girder structure through a displacement sensor and a computer The size of the strength, using the same-sex repulsion and opposite-sex attraction principle of the magnet, causes the resistance (or resistance moment) between the magnetic poles to vary with the vibration displacement, and the greater the displacement, the greater the resistance (or resistance moment), so that the cantilever The vibration of the plate girder decays rapidly. The displacement sensor is placed on the upper side of the plate girder structure. When the plate girder structure bends upward, the displacement is negative; when the plate girder bends downward, the displacement is positive. The displacement sensor converts the collected displacement into an electrical signal and sends it to the control computer. The computer calculates the magnitude and direction of the current that should be loaded on the electromagnet according to the magnitude and sign of the displacement and according to the PID control algorithm, and sends it to the power amplifier for amplification, and finally applies on the electromagnet.

When the vibration of the cantilever plate girder produces upward bending displacement, the displacement sensor receives a negative displacement signal and sends the signal to the computer of the control system. The computer uses the PID control algorithm to calculate the corresponding The strength and direction of the control signal are divided into two channels after being amplified by the power amplifier. One channel is directly connected to the electromagnets B and C whose magnetic pole polarity and magnetic field strength can be controlled, so that they can be energized to generate a magnetic field; the other channel is sent to different A bridge rectifier circuit with a filter, the current generated by this circuit keeps the polarity of the magnetic poles generated by the electromagnets A and D unchanged and the magnetic field intensity is controllable, so that the magnetic poles of the right end of the electromagnet A and the left end of the electromagnet B are both The S pole produces repulsive force, the right end of the electromagnet C is the S pole, and the left end of the electromagnet D is the N pole, which generates an attractive force, thereby synthesizing a variable torque that brings the plate beam structure back to the equilibrium position, and the greater the displacement, the greater the displacement The acting torque is also greater. For the direct control system, the electromagnet is directly installed on the plate girder structure, and the vibration of the plate girder structure is directly controlled by the force between the electromagnets. At this time, a clockwise bending moment is generated, thereby weakening the upward bending vibration displacement of the plate girder; For the indirect control system, a layer of damping material is added between the electromagnet and the plate girder structure. When the plate girder bends and vibrates upward, the damping material attached to the upper and lower sides of the plate girder is deformed due to shear force, except for a In addition to the variable moment that makes the plate beam structure return to the equilibrium position, the vibration energy can also be consumed by the shear deformation of the damping material layer, so that the vibration can be attenuated as soon as possible.

Similarly, when the plate girder structure bends and vibrates downward, the displacement sensor receives a positive displacement signal, and the forward current passes through the bridge rectifier circuit without a filter, and the current direction remains unchanged. Therefore, at this time, through A, B The currents of the four electromagnets , C and D are all forward currents, the polarity of the magnetic pole at the right end of electromagnet A is still S pole, and the polarity of the magnetic pole at the left end of electromagnet B is changed to N pole, generating attractive force, and the magnetic pole of electromagnet C The magnetic pole polarity of the right end and the left end of the electromagnet D are N poles to generate repulsive force. For the direct control system, the force between the electromagnets directly controls the vibration of the plate girder structure, generating a counterclockwise bending moment, and the greater the displacement, the greater the acting moment, thereby weakening the vibration of the downward bending plate girder structure; For the indirect control system, when the plate girder bends and vibrates downward, the damping material pasted on the upper and lower sides of the plate girder is subjected to reverse shear deformation. The vibration energy can be consumed through the shear deformation of the damping material layer, so that the structural vibration can be attenuated as soon as possible.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

1. The utility model combines modern control theory, computer technology and electromagnetic technology, and spontaneously changes the magnetic pole polarity and magnetic field strength of the electromagnet when the plate girder structure vibrates, so that the vibration is quickly attenuated, and the plate girder structure is realized. The intelligent active control of vibration has high reliability, reduces the damage caused by vibration of the mechanical system, maintains the accuracy of the equipment, prolongs the service life of the equipment, and suppresses the noise pollution caused by the structure to the environment, ensuring the physical and mental health of the operators, practical Strong performance and high economy;

2. Two types of plate girder structure vibration control systems, direct control and indirect control, are provided. The former electromagnet is directly installed on the plate girder structure, and the latter adds a damping material layer between the electromagnet and the plate girder structure, except for the magnetic poles. In addition to the direct action, part of the vibration energy is consumed through the shear deformation of the damping material layer to achieve the purpose of controlling vibration; compared with the former, the control effect of the latter is more stable;

3. The displacement sensor is used to monitor the vibration status information of the plate girder structure in real time. The displacement sensor will collect the vibration displacement information of the plate girder structure and feed it back to the control system computer to realize the intelligent control of the magnetic pole polarity and magnetic field strength of the electromagnet, and the system control accuracy High, light weight, high sensitivity;

4. The magnetic polarity of the electromagnet is controlled by the direction of the current, and the strength of the magnetic field is controlled by the magnitude of the current, which is convenient for adaptive control of the electromagnetic vibration control system;

5. Butyl rubber, neoprene, nitrile rubber, and silicone rubber are used as damping and vibration-absorbing materials in high-temperature environments, which have the advantage of high loss factor;

6. The use of electromagnet control can generate a large force on the plate beam structure, so the utility model is especially suitable for the vibration control of the plate beam structure with high rigidity, and the vibration control effect is good;

7. Adopt a bridge-type full-wave rectifier circuit without filtering, use the unidirectional conduction characteristics of the diode to keep the current direction of the electromagnet connected to the bridge rectifier circuit unchanged, that is, the magnetic pole polarity of the electromagnet remains unchanged, and the magnetic field strength The size can be controlled by the size of the detection signal of the displacement sensor. The design of the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability and good control effect.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 Active electromagnetic control system for plate beam vibration (the black dot in the figure indicates the intersecting wire connection here);

Fig. 2 The active electromagnetic damping control system of plate girder vibration (the black dot in the figure indicates the intersecting wire connection here);

Figure 3 The active electromagnetic control structure of plate beam vibration;

Figure 4 The active electromagnetic damping control structure of plate beam vibration;

Figure 5 bridge rectifier circuit without filter;

Fig. 6 control software flow chart (in the figure S is the displacement value measured by the sensor, a is the design minimum displacement);

Fig. 7 Directly control the interaction between the electromagnets when the structure bends upward (the arrow in the figure is the direction of the current);

Fig. 8 The interaction between the electromagnets when the structure indirectly controls the upward bending vibration (the arrow in the figure is the direction of the current);

Figure 9 directly controls the interaction between the electromagnets when the structure bends downward (the arrow in the figure is the direction of the current);

Figure 10 The interaction between the electromagnets when the structure indirectly controls the downward bending vibration (the arrow in the figure is the direction of the current);

Figure 11 system control schematic diagram;

Figure 12(a) Example diagram of the sensor signal waveform of the control system;

Figure 12(b) An example of the waveform corresponding to the output signal of the power amplifier of the control system;

Figure 12(c) An example of the waveform corresponding to the output signal of the rectifier circuit of the control system;

In the figure: 1. Wall made of non-ferromagnetic material, 2. Electromagnet, 3. Wire, 4. Plate beam structure, 5. Displacement sensor, 6. Rectifier circuit, 7. Constrained layer, 8. Damping material layer, A, B, C, and D are the numbers of the four electromagnets, D1, D2, D3, and D4 are the numbers of the four diodes of the bridge rectifier circuit, and N, S are the two polarities of the electromagnets.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 12 and embodiment, the utility model is further described.

An active electromagnetic control system for the vibration of a plate girder structure, referring to Figures 1 to 12c, the system includes a mechanical part and a control part, the mechanical part includes a wall 1 made of non-ferromagnetic material, a plate girder structure 4, an electromagnetic Iron 2, one end of the plate girder structure 4 is connected with the wall 1, the plate girder structure 4 is provided with a displacement sensor 5, and the electromagnet 2 includes an electromagnet A, an electromagnet B, an electromagnet C, and an electromagnet D, wherein The electromagnet A and the electromagnet C are arranged in the wall 1, and the electromagnet B and the electromagnet D are arranged on both sides of the plate girder structure 4, and the coil winding directions of the electromagnet A, the electromagnet B and the electromagnet D are the same The coil winding direction of electromagnet C is opposite to that of electromagnet A, electromagnet B, and electromagnet D. Electromagnet A and electromagnet D are connected in series through wire 3, and electromagnet B and electromagnet C are connected in series through wire 3. Together; the center line of the electromagnet A and the electromagnet B is collinear, and the center line of the electromagnet C and the electromagnet D is collinear; the control part includes a computer, a power amplifier, and a rectifier circuit 6 without a filter, The computer is connected with the displacement sensor 5, the power amplifier input is connected with the computer, one of the output terminals of the power amplifier is connected with the electromagnet A and the electromagnet D through a bridge rectifier circuit without a filter, and the other is directly connected with the electromagnet B , Electromagnet C connection. The power amplifier amplifies the control signal from the computer to a set multiple, so that the force generated between the electromagnets is large enough to overcome the vibration of the plate beam. The drive circuit is divided into two circuits at the output of the power amplifier, one without filtering The bridge rectifier circuit of the device is connected with electromagnets A and D, and the other circuit is directly connected with electromagnets B and C. It can realize the control of direct control structure and indirect control structure.

Described electromagnet A, electromagnet C take the central plane of plate girder structure 4 as a symmetrical plane, and are symmetrically arranged in the wall 1 that non-ferromagnetic material is made, and described electromagnet B, electromagnet D are arranged symmetrically on On both sides of the plate girder structure 4, the centerlines of the electromagnet A and the electromagnet B are collinear, and the centerlines of the electromagnet C and the electromagnet D are collinear.

The upper and lower sides of the indirect control plate beam structure are provided with a damping material layer 8, the outside of the damping material layer 8 is provided with a constraining layer 7, and the electromagnet B and electromagnet D are arranged outside the constraining layer 7 and close to the wall one end. It can realize the control of the indirect control structure.

The displacement sensor 5 is arranged on the upper side or the lower side of the plate girder structure, and is located at the end away from the wall 1 . When the plate girder structure bends downward, the displacement detected by the displacement sensor is positive, as shown in Figure 12a in the first half cycle; when the plate girder structure bends upward, the displacement detected by the displacement sensor is negative, as shown in Figure 12a 12a shows the second half cycle. The displacement sensor is connected to the computer of the control system through the signal line, and the computer is connected to the electromagnet through the power amplifier. The output of the power amplifier is divided into two circuits, one of which is connected to the electromagnet A and the electromagnet through the bridge full-wave rectifier circuit without filter. D connection, so that even if the power amplifier outputs the control signal as shown in Figure 12b, the magnitude and direction of the current change, but the direction of the current passing through the electromagnet A and electromagnet D remains unchanged, as shown in Figure 12c, that is, the magnetic pole The sex is always the same, but its magnetic field strength can be controlled by adjusting the current; the other way is directly connected with electromagnet B and electromagnet C, so that the magnetic pole polarity and magnetic field strength of B and C can be controlled.

The displacement sensor feeds the collected vibration displacement information of the plate girder structure to the computer of the control system to realize the intelligent control of the polarity of the electromagnet magnetic pole and the strength of the magnetic field, and has the characteristics of high sensitivity, small size and light weight. The displacement sensor is placed on the upper side of the plate girder structure. When the plate girder structure bends upward, the displacement is negative; when the plate girder bends downward, the displacement is positive. The displacement sensor converts the collected displacement into an electrical signal and transmits it to the control computer. The computer calculates the magnitude and direction of the control current according to the magnitude and sign of the displacement and according to the PID control algorithm, sends it to the power amplifier for amplification, and finally applies it to the electromagnet.

The damping material layer of the indirect control structure adopts butyl rubber, neoprene rubber, nitrile rubber, and silicon rubber can be used in high temperature environment. The damping material layer is pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate beam structure, the constraining layer is pasted outside the damping material layer, and an electromagnet is installed at the end of the constraining layer close to the wall.

The electromagnet adopts a solenoid electromagnet, and the iron core is inserted into the interior of the solenoid and fixed thereto. The iron core is made of soft iron or silicon steel, which demagnetizes quickly. These materials can demagnetize the electromagnet immediately when the power is turned off. When the coil is supplied with current, a magnetic field is generated inside the coil to magnetize the soft iron rod. The magnetic field generated by the iron rod and the magnetic field of the coil The superposition greatly enhances the magnetic field of the solenoid, but after the current is cut off, the magnetism of the coil and the soft iron rod disappears. In the utility model, the two electromagnets of the active electromagnetic control structure shown in Figure 3 are directly installed on the plate girder structure, and the active electromagnetic damping control structure is shown in Figure 4, then it is between the electromagnet and the plate girder structure A layer of damping material and a layer of restraining material are added between them, while the other two electromagnets are respectively installed on the wall perpendicular to the plate girder structure, and aligned with the position of the electromagnet on the plate girder structure (the center line of the electromagnet must be collinear) . Connect the electromagnet to the power amplifier through wires, the electromagnetic control system sends out a control signal, and through the power amplifier, the electromagnet coil is energized, and the direction and magnitude of the control current are adjusted through the computer PID control algorithm to control the magnetic polarity of the electromagnet. And the strength of the magnetic field, and then change the force between the electromagnet of the plate girder structure and the wall electromagnet, and weaken the vibration of the plate girder structure.

The rectification circuit adopts a bridge-type full-wave rectification circuit without a filter, which is composed of four diodes connected in pairs, as shown in FIG. 5 . The left end of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected to one of the output ends of the power amplifier, and the right end is connected to electromagnet A and electromagnet D. When the plate girder structure bends downward and vibrates, the displacement is positive, and the input current is a positive half cycle, and the diodes add to D1 and D3. Forward voltage, Dl, D3 conduction, diodes add reverse voltage to D2, D4, D2, D4 cut off, the circuit consists of power amplifier, diode D1, electromagnet A, electromagnet D, diode D3 constitute a energization loop, in the electromagnetic There is a positive half-wave rectified voltage on iron A and D; when the plate girder structure bends and vibrates upwards, the displacement is negative, and the input current is a negative half cycle, the diodes add forward voltage to D2 and D4, D2 and D4 are turned on, and the diode pair D1, D3 add reverse voltage, D1, D3 cut off, the circuit consists of power amplifier, diode D2, electromagnet A, electromagnet D, and diode D4 to form a power circuit, and there are positive half-wave rectification on electromagnets A and D. Voltage. Repeating this way, the result is an unfiltered full-wave rectified voltage on the electromagnets A and D, that is to say, the polarity of the magnetic poles of the electromagnets A and D is constant, and the magnetic field strength is controllable.

The computer processes the displacement signal input by the displacement sensor through the PID control algorithm, specifically as shown in Figure 6, the computer calculates the corresponding output signal according to the displacement value, and the output signal is divided into two paths after being amplified by the power amplifier. The bridge-type full-wave rectification circuit without filter is loaded on the electromagnet A and electromagnet D whose magnetic pole polarity is constant but the magnetic field strength is controllable, and the other circuit is directly added to the magnetic pole polarity and magnetic field strength. On the electromagnet B and electromagnet C. The specific processing steps are that the PID control algorithm compares the displacement value measured by the displacement sensor with the design minimum displacement through a comparator, and when the absolute value of the displacement value is less than the design minimum displacement absolute value, the control system computer does not send a control signal, and the electromagnet Power off; when the absolute value of the displacement measured by the displacement sensor is greater than the absolute value of the design minimum displacement and is negative, it indicates that the plate girder structure is flexing upward, and the PID control algorithm calculates the corresponding output according to the displacement value, and the output is amplified by the power amplifier Afterwards, it is divided into two circuits, one is loaded on the electromagnets A and D with constant magnetic polarity and controllable magnetic field strength through a bridge full-wave rectifier circuit without filter, and the other is directly applied to the magnetic polarity and magnetic field On the electromagnets B and C whose strength can be controlled, so that the repulsive force is generated between the electromagnets A and B, and the attractive force is generated between C and D. For the direct control structure, the electromagnet is directly installed on the plate beam structure , the vibration of the plate girder structure is directly controlled by the force between the electromagnets. At this time, a clockwise bending moment as shown in Figure 7 is generated to weaken the vibration of the upwardly bent plate girder. For the indirect control structure, when the plate girder flexes upward, the damping material layer attached to the upper and lower sides of the plate girder undergoes shear deformation, except for a variable In addition to the torque, the vibration energy can be consumed through the shear deformation of the damping material layer, so that the vibration can be attenuated as soon as possible; similarly, when the absolute value of the displacement measured by the displacement sensor is greater than the absolute value of the minimum displacement of the design and is positive, it indicates that the plate girder The structure vibrates downward, and the PID control algorithm calculates the corresponding output according to the displacement value. The output is amplified by the power amplifier and divided into two channels. One channel is loaded on the electromagnet A and On D, the other way is directly connected to the electromagnets B and C, so that an attractive force is generated between the electromagnets A and B, and a repulsive force is generated between C and D. For the direct control system, the force between the electromagnets is directly The vibration of the plate girder structure is controlled to generate a counterclockwise bending moment as shown in Figure 9, which weakens the downward bending vibration of the plate girder structure. For the indirect control structure, when the plate girder bends downward, the damping material attached to the upper and lower sides of the plate girder structure is subject to reverse shear deformation, except for a In addition to the variable torque, the vibration energy can be consumed by the shear deformation of the damping material layer, so that the vibration can be attenuated as soon as possible.

After the utility model is implemented, when the plate girder structure vibrates, the electromagnetic control system uses the PID control algorithm to control the current direction and size of the control circuit, as shown in Figure 6, to realize the magnetic pole polarity and magnetic field strength of the system. controllability. When the operating state of the mechanical system changes or the environment changes, the vibration of the system structure changes. When the displacement sensor converts the detected displacement information into an electrical signal and transmits it to the computer of the electromagnetic control system, the computer compares the displacement measurement value with the control The target value is compared, and the magnitude and direction of the current are calculated according to the PID algorithm of electromagnetic control, which is amplified by the power amplifier and input to the electromagnet. By changing the current direction and magnitude of the electromagnet, the relationship between the plate beam structure electromagnet and the wall electromagnet is changed. The force between them generates a bending moment opposite to the bending vibration direction of the structure, so that the vibration of the cantilever plate beam structure is rapidly attenuated. The displacement sensor then feeds back the measured displacement to the control system computer. By controlling the polarity and magnetic field strength of the electromagnet, the closed-loop control of the vibration displacement of the vibrating plate beam structure is realized. The specific principle is shown in Figure 11.

Although the specific implementation of the utility model has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the utility model, those skilled in the art do not need to Various modifications or deformations that can be made with creative efforts are still within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. the active electromagnetic control system of slab and girder vibration, it is characterized in that, described system comprises mechanical part and control section, described mechanical part comprises the wall that the nonferromagnetic material is made, slab and girder, electromagnet, one end of described slab and girder is connected with wall, slab and girder is provided with displacement transducer, described electromagnet comprises electromagnet A, electromagnet B, electromagnet C, electromagnet D, electromagnet A wherein, electromagnet C is located in the wall that the nonferromagnetic material makes, described electromagnet B, electromagnet D is located at the both sides of slab and girder, described electromagnet A, electromagnet B, the coil winding direction of electromagnet D is identical, electromagnet C coil winding direction and electromagnet A, electromagnet B, electromagnet D winding direction is opposite, electromagnet A and electromagnet D are serially connected by wire, electromagnet B and electromagnet C are serially connected by wire, described control section comprises computer, power amplifier, the full-wave rectifying circuit of band filter not, described computer is connected with displacement transducer, the power amplifier input end is connected with computer, wherein one tunnel being connected with electromagnet A, electromagnet D through the bridge rectifier of band filter not of power amplifier output terminal, another road directly is connected with electromagnet B, electromagnet C.

2. the active electromagnetic control system of slab and girder as claimed in claim 1 vibration, it is characterized in that, described electromagnet A, electromagnet C are take the central plane of slab and girder (4) as symmetry plane, be located in the wall that the nonferromagnetic material makes symmetrically, described electromagnet B, electromagnet D are located at the both sides of slab and girder symmetrically, the centerline collineation of described electromagnet A and electromagnet B, the centerline collineation of electromagnet C and electromagnet D.

3. the active electromagnetic control system of slab and girder as claimed in claim 1 vibration, it is characterized in that, the upper and lower both sides of described slab and girder are provided with the damping material layer, described damping material layer outside is provided with restraint layer, and described electromagnet B, electromagnet D be located at the restraint layer outside, and near an end of wall.

4. the active electromagnetic control system of slab and girder vibration as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described displacement transducer is located at slab and girder upside or downside, and displacement transducer is located at the end away from wall.

5. the active electromagnetic control system of slab and girder vibration as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described damping material layer adopts butyl rubber or neoprene or nitrile butadiene rubber or silicone rubber.

6. the active electromagnetic control system of slab and girder vibration as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described electromagnet adopts the solenoid electromagnet, and insertion solenoid inside unshakable in one's determination is also fixed with it, and soft iron or the silicon steel material of adopting unshakable in one's determination made.

7. the active electromagnetic control system of slab and girder as claimed in claim 1 vibration, it is characterized in that, described rectification circuit adopts the not full-wave bridge rectifier circuit of band filter, the diode that comprises four docking in twos forms, the bridge rectifier left end connects a road in the power amplifier output terminal, right-hand member meets electromagnet A and electromagnet D, obtains the full-wave rectified voltage of non-filtered on electromagnet A, electromagnet D.

8. the active electromagnetic control system of slab and girder as claimed in claim 1 vibration, it is characterized in that, described computer is processed the displacement signal of displacement transducer input by pid control algorithm, computer calculates corresponding output signal according to the shift value size, this output signal is divided into two-way after power amplifier amplifies, one the tunnel is carried in constant and the electromagnet A that magnitude of field intensity is controlled of pole polarity through the full-wave bridge rectifier circuit of band filter not, on electromagnet D, another road directly is added in all controlled electromagnet B of pole polarity and magnitude of field intensity, on electromagnet C, produce a variable torque that makes slab and girder get back to the equilibrium position.

9. the active electromagnetic control system of slab and girder as claimed in claim 3 vibration, it is characterized in that, described computer is processed the displacement signal of displacement transducer input by pid control algorithm, computer calculates corresponding output signal according to the shift value size, this output signal is divided into two-way after power amplifier amplifies, one the tunnel is carried in constant and the electromagnet A that magnitude of field intensity is controlled of pole polarity through the full-wave bridge rectifier circuit of band filter not, on electromagnet D, another road directly is added in all controlled electromagnet B of pole polarity and magnitude of field intensity, on electromagnet C, producing one makes outside the variable torque that slab and girder gets back to the equilibrium position, simultaneously can also consume vibrational energy by the shear deformation of damping material layer, make vibration decay as early as possible.

10. the active electromagnetic control system of slab and girder as claimed in claim 1 vibration, it is characterized in that, displacement transducer can with the Displacement Feedback measured to the control system computer, by the control to electromagnet pole polarity and magnetic intensity, have been realized the closed loop control to the slab and girder vibration displacement.

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