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CN203135479U - Self-powered environmental monitoring equipment - Google Patents

Self-powered environmental monitoring equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203135479U
CN203135479U CN 201320028064 CN201320028064U CN203135479U CN 203135479 U CN203135479 U CN 203135479U CN 201320028064 CN201320028064 CN 201320028064 CN 201320028064 U CN201320028064 U CN 201320028064U CN 203135479 U CN203135479 U CN 203135479U
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module
switch
lithium battery
energy
super
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN 201320028064
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张海辉
张�杰
张勇猛
张林超
卢博友
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Northwest A&F University
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Northwest A&F University
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Abstract

Self-powered environmental monitoring equipment includes a sensor node module with a processor module. The sensor node module is connected with an energy storage module and is powered by the energy storage module, and is connected with a switch module for energy supply strategy selection. The energy storage module includes a solar cell module, a super capacitor module and a lithium battery module. The super capacitor module is used as a system main energy source. The lithium battery module is used as a system secondary energy source. The solar cell module achieves the selection for charging mode of the super capacitor module or the lithium battery module through the switch module. The utility model supports collection for strong solar energy and weak solar energy. A system can automatically enter a day working mode and a night working mode. According to different energy states of the solar energy panel, the system chooses an optimal energy management strategy and has self-recovery. The system is high in versatility, integration and utilization of the equipment is high, security and stability are strong, the utilization of solar energy is improved and the lifetime of the wireless sensor network is prolonged.

Description

The self-powered enviromental monitoring equipment
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the wireless sense network technical field, particularly a kind of self-powered enviromental monitoring equipment.
Background technology
Along with the development of wireless sensor network technology, wireless sensor network has obtained in fields such as industry, commerce, medical science, consumption, military affairs and agriculturals using widely.But supplying with, its energy becomes the key factor that the restriction wireless sensor network is stable and the long-life works.Because many, the distributed areas of wireless sensor network node quantity are wide and to be laid in unattended zone, to replenish the energy by the mode of replacing battery be unpractiaca.Catching energy from environment is a kind of valid approach.The mode that can obtain energy at present from environment has solar energy, vibrational energy, wind energy, thermal gradient energy etc., and wherein solar energy has obtained general application with its high energy density and ripe development technique.
Find that by the retrieval to existing document there is following problem in present solar powered mode: present energy all is at the enough outdoor environments of light intensity from supplying with sensor node, can not collect faint solar energy; Circuit uses photovoltaic cell to be super capacitor or lithium battery power supply by charging chip simply, fails to consider the utilization ratio of energy and discharges and recharges influence to battery life frequently, and the fail safe of equipment and the stability of work are not high; Carry out energy management by extra increase single-chip microcomputer and A/D converter, increased cost and the power consumption of equipment; Extensive energy management reckons without the MPPT maximum power point tracking of solar cell, does not improve solar energy utilization rate.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of self-powered enviromental monitoring equipment, by the reasonable energy management strategy, has realized maximization storage and the utilization of energy.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
The self-powered enviromental monitoring equipment comprises the sensor node module that has processor module, described sensor node module:
Connect the data that sensor assembly receives its collection;
Connecing energy storage module is powered by it;
Connect photo resistance and carry out the illumination condition judgement;
Connect switch module and carry out energy supply policy selection;
Described energy storage module comprises solar module, super-capacitor module and lithium battery module, and described super-capacitor module is as the equipment main source of energy, is power devices at its energy under greater than the situation of set point; Described lithium battery module is as the secondary energy of equipment, is power devices at described super-capacitor module energy under less than the situation of set point;
Described solar module connects boost charge pump and MPPT maximum power point tracking module in parallel by switch S 1, select by boost charge pump or the work of MPPT maximum power point tracking module by the keying of control switch S1, the output of boost charge pump and MPPT maximum power point tracking module connects the DC/DC boost converter by switch S 2, the charging end of DC/DC boost converter output termination super-capacitor module and lithium battery module, selecting by the keying of control switch S2 is super-capacitor module or the charging of lithium battery module for the super-capacitor module charging or via the DC/DC boost converter directly;
Whether the charging end of described lithium battery module is connected to switch S 3, and output is connected to switch S 4, selects super-capacitor module whether to be the charging of lithium battery module by the keying of control switch S3, select by the lithium battery module for power supply by the keying of control switch S4.
Described switch S 1 and switch S 2 are CMOS single-pole double throw analog switch, and switch S 3 and switch S 4 are the CMOS single-pole single-throw switch (SPST).
When described photo resistance was output as high level, equipment entered day mode, was super-capacitor module charging or the charging of lithium battery module by solar module, and was the node module power supply by super-capacitor module; When described photo resistance was output as low level, equipment entered Night, was the node module power supply by super-capacitor module or lithium battery module.
Described solar module comprises solar panel and cell plate voltage current monitoring module,
By day under the pattern, described sensor node module receives output voltage and the electric current of the solar panel that cell plate voltage current monitoring module collects,
If output voltage is smaller or equal to threshold value A, then switch S 1 and switch S 2 normally-closed contact closures, solar panel charges to super-capacitor module by boost charge pump-DC/DC boost converter;
If output voltage between threshold value B and threshold value A, switch S 1 normally opened contact closure then, switch S 2 normally-closed contact closures, solar panel charges to super-capacitor module by MPPT maximum power point tracking module-DC/DC boost converter;
If output voltage is more than or equal to threshold value B, then switch S 1 and switch S 2 normally opened contact closures, solar panel directly charges to super-capacitor module by the MPPT maximum power point tracking module.
Described threshold value A is 3V, and threshold value B is 4.2V.
When solar panel is given under the super-capacitor module electric power thus supplied by boost charge pump-DC/DC boost converter, perhaps give under the super-capacitor module electric power thus supplied by MPPT maximum power point tracking module-DC/DC boost converter, detect the voltage of super-capacitor module:
If the voltage of super-capacitor module is between threshold value C and threshold value D, then switch S 4 disconnects, and directly is the node module power supply by super-capacitor module;
If the voltage of super-capacitor module then detects the voltage of lithium battery module more than or equal to threshold value D:
If survey the voltage of lithium battery module more than or equal to threshold value E, then the lithium battery electric weight does not completely need charging, and switch S 3 disconnects, and is the node module power supply by super-capacitor module;
If survey the voltage of lithium battery module less than threshold value E, switch S 3 closures then, super-capacitor module is given lithium cell charging, powers for node module simultaneously;
If the voltage of super-capacitor module then enters Night smaller or equal to threshold value C.
Described threshold value C is 2V, and threshold value D is 4.2V, and threshold value E is 4.2V.
Under the situation that solar panel is directly powered to super-capacitor module by the MPPT maximum power point tracking module, detect the voltage of lithium battery module:
If survey the voltage of lithium battery module more than or equal to threshold value E, then the lithium battery electric weight does not completely need charging, and switch S 3 disconnects, and is the node module power supply by super-capacitor module;
If survey the voltage of lithium battery module less than threshold value E, switch S 3 closures then, super-capacitor module is given lithium cell charging, powers for node module simultaneously.
Under the described pattern of working at night, at first judge the voltage of super-capacitor module:
If the voltage of super-capacitor module is greater than threshold value C, then switch S 4 disconnects, and is the node module power supply by super-capacitor module;
If the voltage of super-capacitor module is smaller or equal to threshold value C, then switch S 4 closures are the node module power supply by the lithium battery module, detect the lithium battery module voltage simultaneously:
If the lithium battery module voltage greater than 3V, then directly continues power supply by the lithium battery module, be less than or equal to 3V until the lithium battery module voltage, when being powered by the lithium battery module, send the not enough information of electric weight.
Described super-capacitor module is made up of a plurality of series capacitances.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1) can support the collection of strong solar energy and faint solar energy, highly versatile;
2) equipment is selected the optimum energy management strategy, has been improved solar energy utilization rate according to the different-energy state of solar panel;
3) two-stage energy storage generally adopts super capacitor power supply, extreme condition to adopt lithium battery power supply, has prolonged the life-span of equipment;
4) energy management control chip and sensor node adopt same chip piece, have improved utilization rate of equipment and installations and integrated level;
5) equipment self recovery has under extreme conditions improved fail safe and the stability of equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is equipment composition frame chart of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the embodiment program flow diagram of energy management method.
Embodiment
Describe execution mode of the present utility model in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model self-powered enviromental monitoring equipment comprises sensor node module, sensor assembly, boost charge pump, MPPT maximum power point tracking module, DC/DC boost converter, switch module and the energy storage module of being made up of solar module, super-capacitor module and lithium battery module.The sensor assembly image data, transfer to the sensor node module then, the sensor node module is core with the processor module, comprises the RF functional module for communication, the jtag interface module that is used for the expanded function interface module of reception data and is used for transmission programming and detecting information.The expanded function interface module has connected the optical sensor of being made up of photo resistance, is used for judging daytime or night.
In the energy storage module of the present utility model, be that super-capacitor module and lithium battery module are charged by solar module, solar module comprises solar panel and cell plate voltage current monitoring module, selects charging modes according to its voltage swing.Super-capacitor module is made up of a plurality of series capacitances, as the equipment main source of energy, is power devices at its energy under greater than the situation of set point; And the lithium battery module comprises single-unit lithium battery and lithium cell charging administration module and lithium battery discharge prevention module, as the secondary energy of equipment, is power devices at described super-capacitor module energy under less than the situation of set point.
By processor module the mode of operation of switch module is selected, realized the energy of equipment is supplied with policy selection.
In the charging link, solar module connects in parallel boost charge pump and MPPT maximum power point tracking module by switch S 1, thereby makes and can select by boost charge pump or the work of MPPT maximum power point tracking module by the keying of control switch S1.The output of boost charge pump and MPPT maximum power point tracking module connects the DC/DC boost converter by switch S 2, the charging end of DC/DC boost converter output termination super-capacitor module and lithium battery module, thus make that selecting by the keying of control switch S2 is super-capacitor module or the charging of lithium battery module for the super-capacitor module charging or via the DC/DC boost converter directly.And the charging end of lithium battery module is connected to switch S 3, and output is connected to switch S 4, and the keying by control switch S3 is chosen as the super-capacitor module charging or charges for the lithium battery module.Wherein, switch S 1 and switch S 2 are CMOS single-pole double throw analog switch, and switch S 3 and switch S 4 are the CMOS single-pole single-throw switch (SPST).
Maximum power point (MPPT) tracking module is made of the boost booster circuit, makes battery improve solar energy utilization rate intelligently with maximum power output under various different external environment conditions by sensor node module controls solar cell terminal voltage.
In the power supply link, select by the super-capacitor module power supply or by the lithium battery module for power supply by the keying of control switch S4, the output of the two all inserts by the DC/DC Voltage stabilizing module, Voltage stabilizing module comprises the DC/DC pressurizer of 3.3V and the DC/DC pressurizer of 5V, and guaranteeing provides selectable, stable power for equipment.
Among the embodiment, what adopt under the high light condition is the 5V single-crystalline-silicon solar-cell panel, and it is of a size of 134mm * 82mm, and short circuit current is 300mA.Low light condition such as indoor employing be 1.5-3V dyssophotic non-crystal silicon solar cell, it is of a size of 50mm * 125mm, short circuit current is 2mA.Super capacitor is that two voltages are the super capacitor series connection of 10F for the 2.7V capacity.Lithium battery is 4.2V/200mAh; its charge controlling chip is CN3063; the discharge prevention chip is CN301; switch S 1 and S2 share cmos analog switch SGM3002; S3, S4 share cmos analog switch ADG821; maximum power point (MPPT) tracking module adopts the boost booster circuit, and control algolithm adopts the increment conductance method.The boost charge pump is that the minimum starting resistor of S-882Z extra low voltage charge pump is 0.3V, and the DC/DC boost converter is that the minimum starting resistor of L6920DB is 0.8V, exportable 5V burning voltage.DC/DC(3.3V) pressurizer and DC/DC(5V) two TPS63030 of pressurizer employing, it can be adjusted into 1.8V~5V voltage 3.3V and 5V voltage stabilizing output.The microprocessor of sensor node module adopts the MSP430F2274 of low-power consumption, and the RF functional module adopts CC2500.The detection MAX9928F of solar cell electric current adopts the method for dividing potential drop to be detected by the I/O mouth that has the A/D function on the microprocessor chip to the detection of solar panel super capacitor and lithium battery voltage.
As shown in Figure 2, the course of work of the present utility model is as follows:
Under extreme conditions, when all super capacitors, lithium battery and solar panel did not all have electric weight, all chips on the node were not no longer worked because there being the power supply supply.
When illumination, solar panel is started working, the normally-closed contact of energy on the switch S 1, begin to power to super-capacitor module through normally-closed contact, DC-DC boost converter on boost charge pump, the switch S 2, when the charging voltage of super-capacitor module begins to the node module power supply during greater than the starting resistor of DC/DC Voltage stabilizing module, the processor module on the node module is started working.
Microprocessor is started working and was afterwards carried out following corresponding step every 2 minutes:
1. when described photo resistance was output as high level, equipment entered day mode, was super-capacitor module charging or the charging of lithium battery module by solar module, and was the node module power supply by super-capacitor module.By day under the pattern, the sensor node module receives output voltage and the electric current of the solar panel that cell plate voltage current monitoring module collects.
If 1.1 the output voltage of solar panel smaller or equal to 3V, then switch S 1 and switch S 2 normally-closed contact closures, solar panel charges to super-capacitor module by boost charge pump-DC/DC boost converter, detects the voltage of super-capacitor module simultaneously.
1.1.1 if the voltage of super-capacitor module is between 2V and 4.2V, then switch S 4 disconnects, and is directly powered for node module by super-capacitor module.
1.1.2 if the voltage of super-capacitor module then detects the voltage of lithium battery module more than or equal to 4.2V:
1.1.2.1 more than or equal to 4.2V, then the lithium battery electric weight does not completely need charging as if the voltage of surveying the lithium battery module, switch S 3 disconnects, and is the node module power supply by super-capacitor module.
1.1.2.2 if the voltage of surveying the lithium battery module is less than threshold value E, switch S 3 closures then, super-capacitor module is given lithium cell charging, powers for node module simultaneously.
1.1.3 if the voltage of super-capacitor module then enters Night smaller or equal to threshold value C.
1.2 if the output voltage of solar panel is between 4.2V and 3V, switch S 1 normally opened contact closure then, switch S 2 normally-closed contact closures, solar panel charges to super-capacitor module by MPPT maximum power point tracking module-DC/DC boost converter, detect the voltage of super-capacitor module simultaneously, the step that execution in step 1.1.1-1.1.3 is same.
1.3 if output voltage is more than or equal to 4.2V, then switch S 1 and switch S 2 normally opened contact closures, solar panel directly to the super-capacitor module charging, detects the voltage of lithium battery module, the step that execution in step 1.1.2.1-1.1.2.2 is same by the MPPT maximum power point tracking module simultaneously.
2. when described photo resistance was output as low level, equipment entered Night, was the node module power supply by super-capacitor module or lithium battery module.Under the pattern of working at night, at first judge the voltage of super-capacitor module:
2.1 if the voltage of super-capacitor module is greater than 2V, then switch S 4 disconnects, and is the node module power supply by super-capacitor module;
2.2 if the voltage of super-capacitor module is smaller or equal to 2V, then switch S 4 closures are the node module power supply by the lithium battery module, detect the lithium battery module voltage simultaneously:
2.2.1 if the lithium battery module voltage greater than 3V, then directly continues power supply by the lithium battery module;
2.2.2 if the lithium battery module voltage is less than or equal to 3V, when being powered by the lithium battery module, send the not enough information of electric weight.

Claims (1)

1. the self-powered enviromental monitoring equipment comprises the sensor node module that has processor module, described sensor node module:
Connect the data that sensor assembly receives its collection;
Connecing energy storage module is powered by it;
Connect photo resistance and carry out the illumination condition judgement;
Connect switch module and carry out energy supply policy selection;
It is characterized in that,
Described energy storage module comprises solar module, super-capacitor module and lithium battery module, and described super-capacitor module is as the equipment main source of energy, is power devices at its energy under greater than the situation of set point; Described lithium battery module is as the secondary energy of equipment, is power devices at described super-capacitor module energy under less than the situation of set point;
Described solar module connects boost charge pump and MPPT maximum power point tracking module in parallel by switch S 1, select by boost charge pump or the work of MPPT maximum power point tracking module by the keying of control switch S1, the output of boost charge pump and MPPT maximum power point tracking module connects the DC/DC boost converter by switch S 2, the charging end of DC/DC boost converter output termination super-capacitor module and lithium battery module, selecting by the keying of control switch S2 is super-capacitor module or the charging of lithium battery module for the super-capacitor module charging or via the DC/DC boost converter directly;
Whether the charging end of described lithium battery module is connected to switch S 3, and output is connected to switch S 4, selects super-capacitor module whether to be the charging of lithium battery module by the keying of control switch S3, select by the lithium battery module for power supply by the keying of control switch S4;
Described switch S 1 and switch S 2 are CMOS single-pole double throw analog switch, and switch S 3 and switch S 4 are the CMOS single-pole single-throw switch (SPST).
CN 201320028064 2013-01-18 2013-01-18 Self-powered environmental monitoring equipment Expired - Fee Related CN203135479U (en)

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014201542A1 (en) * 2014-01-29 2015-07-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Circuit for energy management for a photovoltaic system and method for operating the circuit
CN106602691A (en) * 2017-01-21 2017-04-26 安荣邦 Energy collection utilization system and method thereof
CN106652367A (en) * 2017-01-24 2017-05-10 扬州大学 IoT-based gas intelligent monitoring system
CN106712259A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-05-24 淮安信息职业技术学院 Solar cell system based on wireless sensor network
CN106981919A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-07-25 国家电网公司 A kind of modular small solar energy storage device with data transfer
CN107078539A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-08-18 深圳市浩博高科技有限公司 A kind of micro-energy acquisition method, device and micro-energy charger
CN108964236A (en) * 2018-05-16 2018-12-07 南京邮电大学 The tracking solar energy collecting system certainly of facing sensing net application
CN109618358A (en) * 2019-01-29 2019-04-12 上海电力学院 A kind of wireless sensor network node energy optimizing method based on self adaptive control
CN109974786A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-07-05 福州大学 A kind of metal mine geological survey and record system
CN110098657A (en) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-06 武汉光昱科技有限公司 A kind of power supply circuit of locator
CN111812549A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-10-23 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 Self-energy-taking RFID sensor system for monitoring state of power transformer
CN111953060A (en) * 2020-07-02 2020-11-17 广东易理铺智能科技有限公司 Large-capacitance energy storage method based on weak energy collection and electronic price tag
WO2020252723A1 (en) * 2019-06-20 2020-12-24 武文静 Renewable energy source collecting method and apparatus, and controller
CN112994204A (en) * 2021-03-02 2021-06-18 山东鲁能软件技术有限公司智能电气分公司 Power supply system is clapped in visual prison of transmission line
CN113091888A (en) * 2021-03-11 2021-07-09 西安交通大学 Self-powered vibration monitoring system for power transmission line
CN114785624A (en) * 2022-05-16 2022-07-22 深圳市特发信息股份有限公司 Local area network communication system and power self-supply mutual supply method thereof

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014201542A1 (en) * 2014-01-29 2015-07-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Circuit for energy management for a photovoltaic system and method for operating the circuit
CN107078539A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-08-18 深圳市浩博高科技有限公司 A kind of micro-energy acquisition method, device and micro-energy charger
WO2018112748A1 (en) * 2016-12-20 2018-06-28 深圳市浩博高科技有限公司 Micro-energy collection method and device, and micro-energy supply device
CN106602691A (en) * 2017-01-21 2017-04-26 安荣邦 Energy collection utilization system and method thereof
CN106652367A (en) * 2017-01-24 2017-05-10 扬州大学 IoT-based gas intelligent monitoring system
CN106712259A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-05-24 淮安信息职业技术学院 Solar cell system based on wireless sensor network
CN106981919A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-07-25 国家电网公司 A kind of modular small solar energy storage device with data transfer
CN110098657A (en) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-06 武汉光昱科技有限公司 A kind of power supply circuit of locator
CN108964236A (en) * 2018-05-16 2018-12-07 南京邮电大学 The tracking solar energy collecting system certainly of facing sensing net application
CN109618358A (en) * 2019-01-29 2019-04-12 上海电力学院 A kind of wireless sensor network node energy optimizing method based on self adaptive control
CN109618358B (en) * 2019-01-29 2021-10-08 上海电力学院 Wireless sensor network node energy optimization method based on adaptive control
CN109974786A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-07-05 福州大学 A kind of metal mine geological survey and record system
WO2020252723A1 (en) * 2019-06-20 2020-12-24 武文静 Renewable energy source collecting method and apparatus, and controller
CN111953060A (en) * 2020-07-02 2020-11-17 广东易理铺智能科技有限公司 Large-capacitance energy storage method based on weak energy collection and electronic price tag
CN111812549A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-10-23 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 Self-energy-taking RFID sensor system for monitoring state of power transformer
CN112994204A (en) * 2021-03-02 2021-06-18 山东鲁能软件技术有限公司智能电气分公司 Power supply system is clapped in visual prison of transmission line
CN113091888A (en) * 2021-03-11 2021-07-09 西安交通大学 Self-powered vibration monitoring system for power transmission line
CN114785624A (en) * 2022-05-16 2022-07-22 深圳市特发信息股份有限公司 Local area network communication system and power self-supply mutual supply method thereof

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Granted publication date: 20130814

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