CN202693789U - Transmit-receive front end of THz radar - Google Patents
Transmit-receive front end of THz radar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a transmitting-receiving front end of a THz (terahertz) radar, which comprises a dot frequency source unit, a medium frequency local oscillation generation unit, a first upper frequency mixing unit, a second upper frequency mixing unit and a linear frequency sweeping unit. According to the transmitting-receiving front end of the THz radar, a transmitting chain and a receiving chain of the THz radar are driven by two incoherent sources respectively, so that the problem that the transmitting chain and the receiving chain cannot be driven simultaneously by a single signal source under a THz frequency range is solved, and the incoherent sources are adopted to achieve a coherent system, the problem of asynchronous phases of receiving signals, caused by adoption of two signal sources, is solved, rapid LFMCW (linear frequency modulation continuous wave) frequency sweeping signals are provided, and the resolution of the centimeter-grade distance of a goal can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the radar, concretely relates to THz radar's receiving and dispatching front end design.
Background
THz radar can detect smaller targets and more accurate positioning than microwave radar, with higher resolution and greater security. Because the wavelength of the THz frequency band is far less than that of the existing microwave, the method is more suitable for realizing the extremely large signal bandwidth and the extremely narrow antenna beam, and is favorable for obtaining the fine imaging of the target; the Doppler effect caused by the motion of the object is more obvious, and the low-speed moving target detection and the high-resolution synthetic aperture and inverse synthetic aperture imaging are facilitated; the traditional wave-absorbing frequency band of the stealth material is avoided, and stealth target detection is facilitated; in addition, the sectional area of the metal target radar is obviously increased, the signal-to-noise ratio of a time domain spectrum is higher, and the detection of the target is facilitated; the THz wave imaging recognition method has the advantages that the penetration performance is good, sand dust smoke and non-metal materials can be penetrated through with small loss, and the THz wave imaging recognition method is very suitable for detecting tiny targets and stealth targets and imaging and recognizing targets with extremely high resolution.
Radar systems are generally composed of an antenna, a transmitter, a receiver, a signal processing system, and a display system. Because modern conventional radars, such as pulse doppler radar, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR), and the like, all adopt a signal coherence (or coherent) technology, obtain doppler information by using phase change of echo signals, and further perform processing such as speed measurement or imaging. Therefore, the acquisition of coherent signals is one of the important parts in modern radar technology, and the structural block diagram of the conventional radar system is shown in fig. 1.
The frequency source generates high-frequency signals with high stability, the modulation waveforms generated by the waveform generator are modulated, and the high-frequency signals are radiated out through the antenna. Electromagnetic waves carrying target information return to a radar receiver through reflection or scattering, frequency mixing down-conversion is carried out to intermediate frequency, signals of an I path and a Q path are obtained through orthogonal double-channel processing, and then the signals of the I, Q paths are sent to a digital signal processing system for signal post-processing. Conventional radar systems generally employ the same frequency source to modulate (up-convert) a transmitted signal and mix (down-convert) a received signal, thereby ensuring the coherence between the transmitted signal and the received signal.
In consideration of the current situation of terahertz frequency band devices, namely, under the condition of the prior art, the obtained terahertz frequency source is generally low in power, a low-noise amplifier is not provided, loss of a mixing device is large, signals generated by a single frequency source are difficult to drive a transmitting link and a receiving link simultaneously, phase information is required for ranging and imaging of the THz linear frequency modulation radar, and if two or more frequency sources are adopted to drive the THz linear frequency modulation radar respectively, the problem of phase asynchronization is brought, and a system is not coherent.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at solving the above-mentioned problem that current THz chirp radar exists, provide a THz radar's receiving and dispatching front end.
The technical scheme of the utility model is that: a transmit receive front-end of a THz radar, comprising: the device comprises a point frequency source unit, an intermediate frequency local oscillator generating unit, a first upper frequency mixing unit, a second upper frequency mixing unit and a linear frequency sweeping unit; wherein,
the point frequency source unit is used for generating two paths of output signals input to the first upper mixing unit and the second upper mixing unit and a difference frequency signal input to the intermediate frequency local oscillator generating unit;
the first upper mixing unit generates a transmitting end driving signal according to the received first output signal generated by the point frequency source unit and the first linear sweep frequency signal output by the linear sweep frequency unit according to the sweep frequency control signal;
the second upper mixing unit generates a receiving end driving signal according to the received second output signal generated by the point frequency source unit and the second linear frequency sweeping signal output by the linear frequency sweeping unit according to the frequency sweeping control signal;
and the intermediate frequency local oscillator generating unit generates an intermediate frequency local oscillator signal according to the received difference frequency signal generated by the point frequency source unit.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses a THz radar send-receive front end, through using two ways incoherent source to drive THz radar transmission link and receiving link respectively, solved the problem that single signal source is difficult to drive transmission link and receiving link simultaneously under the THz frequency channel; and by adopting a non-coherent source to realize a coherent system, the problem that the phases of received signals generated by two signal sources are not synchronous is solved, and a fast LFMCW frequency sweeping signal is provided, so that centimeter-level distance resolution of a target can be realized. The utility model discloses a structure can guarantee the coherence of THz radar transmitting system and receiving system, can make the receiver system obtain corresponding simplification again for THz radar system has higher realizability, has eliminated the incoherent shortcoming of system that the incoherent source brought.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional radar system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting and receiving front end of a THZ radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a radar system employing a transmitting/receiving front end of a THZ radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail a specific embodiment of a transmitting/receiving front-end structure of the THZ radar with reference to the drawings.
Firstly, the principle of coherent reception realized by the incoherent frequency source is explained in detail
Let the signals generated by frequency sources 1 and 2 be as follows:
s1(t)=A1cos(ω1t+θ1)
(1)
s2(t)=A2cos(ω2t+θ2)
in the formula, A1、A2Amplitude, ω, of frequency sources 1 and 2, respectively1、ω2Is the angular frequency, theta, corresponding to the frequency source1、θ2The initial phases for frequency sources 1 and 2. The two frequency sources respectively obtain signals after N frequency multiplicationThe form is as follows:
s1′(t)=A1′cos(Nω1t+Nθ1)
(2)
s2′(t)=A2′cos(Nω2t+Nθ2)
s1' (t) after interaction with the target, the resulting echo signal is s1' (t), i.e.:
(3)
in the formula,
receiving signal sr(t) and s2' (t) the output signal obtained after mixing is in the form:
the signals obtained by mixing frequency sources 1 and 2 and carrying out N frequency multiplication are as follows:
after orthogonal demodulation is carried out on the signal serving as a local oscillator signal and SIF (t), I, Q two paths of orthogonal zero intermediate frequency signals are obtained, namely coherent reception is realized by two incoherent frequency sources.
According to the above principle, fig. 2 shows the schematic structural diagram of the transmitting/receiving front end 100 of the THZ radar according to the embodiment of the present invention, which specifically includes: a dot frequency source unit 101, an intermediate frequency local oscillator generating unit 102, a first upper mixing unit 103, a second upper mixing unit 104 and a linear frequency sweeping unit 105; wherein,
the dot frequency source unit 101 is configured to generate two output signals input to the first upper mixing unit 103 and the second upper mixing unit 104 and a difference frequency signal input to the intermediate frequency local oscillator generating unit 102;
the first upper mixing unit 103 generates a transmitting end driving signal according to the received first output signal generated by the Ku-band point frequency source unit 101 and the first linear sweep frequency signal output by the linear sweep frequency unit 105 according to the sweep frequency control signal;
the second upper mixing unit 104 generates a receiving end driving signal according to the received second output signal generated by the Ku band point frequency source unit 101 and the second linear frequency sweeping signal output by the linear frequency sweeping unit 105 according to the frequency sweeping control signal;
the intermediate frequency local oscillation generating unit 102 generates an intermediate frequency local oscillation signal according to the received difference frequency signal generated by the point frequency source unit 101.
Fig. 3 illustrates a schematic structural diagram of a radar system of a transmitting and receiving front end of a THZ radar according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes, in addition to the transmitting and receiving front end 100 of the THZ radar: a transmitting end frequency doubling chain 200, a receiving end frequency doubling chain 300, an intermediate frequency receiver 400 and a second harmonic mixer 500.
The various sub-modules of the transmit-receive front-end 100 of the THz radar are explained below with reference to fig. 3.
The dot frequency source unit 101 includes: the first dot frequency source generating subunit is configured to generate a first frequency source S1 and generate a first output signal of the dot frequency source unit 101 through the first power divider, and the second dot frequency source generating subunit is configured to generate a second frequency source S2 and generate a second output signal of the dot frequency source unit 101 through the second power divider; the other output of the first power divider and the other output of the second power divider are output to the first mixer, respectively, to generate the difference frequency signal of the dot frequency source unit 101.
In this embodiment, the dot frequency source generating subunit is specifically a Ku-band dot frequency source unit, and it is assumed that the frequency of the generated signal of the first frequency source S1 is f1, the frequency of the generated signal of the second frequency source S2 is f2, and the difference between f1 and f2 is 100MHz, that is, the signal output by the first mixer is specifically a 100MHz difference frequency signal.
The intermediate frequency local oscillation generating unit 102 includes: the first filter and the first frequency doubling module are connected in sequence to generate an intermediate frequency local oscillation signal, and the intermediate frequency local oscillation signal is output to the intermediate frequency receiver 400.
In this embodiment, the first filter is specifically a low-pass filter, and the first frequency doubling module is specifically a 12 frequency doubling module, and generates a 1.2GHz intermediate-frequency local oscillator signal after being processed by the local oscillator generating unit 102.
The first up-mixing unit 103 includes: the first up-converter receives a first path of output signal generated by a Ku waveband point frequency source unit 101 and a first path of linear frequency sweeping signal generated by a linear frequency sweeping unit 105; the first up-mixing unit 103 generates a transmitting end driving signal, and outputs the transmitting end driving signal to the transmitting end frequency doubling chain 200.
The second up-mixing unit 104 includes: the second up-converter receives a second path of output signals generated by the Ku waveband point frequency source unit 101 and a second path of linear frequency sweeping signals generated by the linear frequency sweeping unit 105; the second up-mixing unit 104 generates a receiving end driving signal, and outputs the receiving end driving signal to the receiving end frequency doubling chain 300.
Here, the second filter and the third filter are specifically band pass filters.
One input of the first up-converter is an f1 output signal from the Ku-band point frequency source unit 101, the other input is a 2.0 GHz-2.2 GHz broadband frequency sweeping signal from the linear frequency sweeping unit 105, the two input signals generate a broadband signal of f1+2.0 GHz-f 1+2.2GHz after passing through the up-converter and the band-pass filter, and the broadband signal is a transmitting end driving signal and is output to the transmitting end frequency doubling chain module 200.
The dot frequency source frequency and the center frequency and the sweep width of the chirp signal generated by the linear sweep generator according to the scheme can be adjusted according to specific examples, but are not fixed.
One input of the second up-converter is an output signal of f2 from the Ku-band point frequency source unit 101, the other input is a broadband swept source signal of 2.0-2.2 GHz from the linear swept source unit 105, the two input signals generate a broadband signal of f2+2.0 GHz-f 2+2.2GHz after passing through the up-converter and the band-pass filter, and the broadband signal is a receiving end driving signal and is output to the receiving end frequency doubling chain module 300.
The linear sweep unit 105 includes: the frequency-division synchronous filter comprises a first linear sweep frequency generator and a third power divider, wherein the first linear sweep frequency generator is used for generating synchronous linear sweep frequency signals according to sweep frequency control signals, the first linear sweep frequency generator and the third power divider are sequentially connected to generate two paths of in-phase same-frequency linear sweep frequency signals, and the two paths of in-phase same-frequency linear sweep frequency signals are respectively input into a first up-converter of the first up-mixing unit 103 and a second up-converter of the second up-mixing unit 104.
Here, the sweep control signal comes from the host, controlling the start and end of the sweep. The linear sweep unit 105 will start to operate only after the input signal is given a trigger pulse, and the if receiver will start to receive signals after the trigger pulse is given, so as to ensure the synchronism of the transmitted and received signals.
Frequency source S1 and frequency source S2 are non-coherent frequency sources. The frequency source S1 provides an input signal for the transmitting system, the signal frequency is f1 single-frequency signal, the signal is mixed with the chirp signal with the center frequency of 2.1GHz and the bandwidth of 200MHz to generate a chirp signal with the bandwidth of 200MHz and the frequency range of f1+2.0 GHz-f 1+2.2GHz, the signal reaches 12 f1+24 GHz-12 f1+26.4GHz after passing through the frequency doubling chain 200 at the transmitting end, and the bandwidth of the transmitting signal is 2.4 GHz.
On a receiver branch, a frequency source S2 generates an input signal with the frequency of f2, the input signal is mixed with a linear frequency modulation signal provided by the same frequency sweep source to generate a linear frequency modulation signal with the frequency range of f2+2.0 GHz-f 2+2.2GHz and the bandwidth of 200MHz, and the signal generates a local oscillation signal with the frequency range of 6 f2+12 GHz-6 f2+13.2GHz and the bandwidth of 1.2GHz through a receiving end frequency doubling chain 300. The local oscillator signal and the radar echo signal are mixed by a second harmonic mixer and then down-converted to the intermediate frequency of 1.2 GHz. And carrying out 12-time multiplication on a 100MHz difference frequency signal obtained by mixing the frequency source S1 and the frequency source S2 to obtain a 1.2GHz intermediate frequency reference signal. And performing zero intermediate frequency orthogonal dual-channel processing on an intermediate frequency signal obtained by down-converting an echo signal and the intermediate frequency reference signal, and sending a sampled digital signal into a signal unit for processing through AD sampling. The above frequencies can be adjusted according to practical schemes.
The utility model discloses a THz radar send-receive front end, through using two ways incoherent source to drive THz radar transmission link and receiving link respectively, solved the problem that single signal source is difficult to drive transmission link and receiving link simultaneously under the THz frequency channel; and by adopting a non-coherent source to realize a coherent system, the problem that the phases of received signals generated by two signal sources are not synchronous is solved, and a fast LFMCW frequency sweeping signal is provided, so that centimeter-level distance resolution of a target can be realized. The utility model discloses a structure can guarantee the coherence of THz radar transmitting system and receiving system, can make the receiver system obtain corresponding simplification again for THz radar system has higher realizability, has eliminated the incoherent shortcoming of system that the incoherent source brought.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such modifications and combinations are still within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A transmit-receive front-end for a THz radar, comprising: the device comprises a point frequency source unit, an intermediate frequency local oscillator generating unit, a first upper frequency mixing unit, a second upper frequency mixing unit and a linear frequency sweeping unit; wherein,
the point frequency source unit is used for generating two paths of output signals input to the first upper mixing unit and the second upper mixing unit and a difference frequency signal input to the intermediate frequency local oscillator generating unit;
the first upper mixing unit generates a transmitting end driving signal according to the received first output signal generated by the point frequency source unit and the first linear sweep frequency signal output by the linear sweep frequency unit according to the sweep frequency control signal;
the second upper mixing unit generates a receiving end driving signal according to the received second output signal generated by the point frequency source unit and the second linear frequency sweeping signal output by the linear frequency sweeping unit according to the frequency sweeping control signal;
and the intermediate frequency local oscillator generating unit generates an intermediate frequency local oscillator signal according to the received difference frequency signal generated by the point frequency source unit.
2. The front-end transceiver of THz radar of claim 1, wherein the point-frequency source unit comprises: the device comprises a first point frequency source generating subunit, a second point frequency source generating subunit, a first power divider, a second power divider and a first mixer, wherein the first point frequency source generating subunit is used for generating a first frequency source and generating a first path of output signals of the point frequency source unit through the first power divider, and the second point frequency source generating subunit is used for generating a second frequency source and generating a second path of output signals of the point frequency source unit through the second power divider; the other output of the first power divider and the other output of the second power divider are respectively output to the first mixer to generate a difference frequency signal of the point frequency source unit.
3. The front-end of claim 1, wherein the if local oscillator generating unit comprises: the first filter and the first frequency doubling module are sequentially connected to generate an intermediate frequency local oscillator signal.
4. The front-end of claim 1, wherein the first up-mixing unit comprises: the first up converter receives a first path of output signal generated by a point frequency source unit and a first path of linear frequency sweeping signal generated by a linear frequency sweeping unit; the first upper mixing unit generates a transmitting end driving signal.
5. The front-end of claim 1, wherein the second up-mixing unit comprises: the second up-converter receives a second path of output signals generated by the point frequency source unit and a second path of linear frequency sweeping signals generated by the linear frequency sweeping unit; the second upper mixing unit generates a receiving end driving signal.
6. The front-end transceiver of THz radar of claim 1, wherein the linear sweep unit comprises: the first linear sweep frequency generator is used for generating synchronous linear sweep frequency signals according to sweep frequency control signals, and the first linear sweep frequency generator and the third power divider are sequentially connected to generate two paths of in-phase same-frequency linear sweep frequency signals.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102707273A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 电子科技大学 | THz radar transmitting/receiving front end |
| CN103791629A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-05-14 | 山东建筑大学 | Phase-change heat-storage-type solar collector |
| WO2016185010A1 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2016-11-24 | Richard Al Hadi | Method and system for generating and detecting centimetre, millimetre or sub- millimetre electromagnetic waves and especially terahertz electromagnetic waves |
| CN108398691A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-08-14 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | A kind of difference frequency signal generation device and method |
| CN112068105A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-11 | 浙江光珀智能科技有限公司 | Frequency modulation continuous wave laser radar receiver signal spectrum analysis system and method |
-
2012
- 2012-06-27 CN CN 201220302056 patent/CN202693789U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102707273A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 电子科技大学 | THz radar transmitting/receiving front end |
| CN103791629A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-05-14 | 山东建筑大学 | Phase-change heat-storage-type solar collector |
| WO2016185010A1 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2016-11-24 | Richard Al Hadi | Method and system for generating and detecting centimetre, millimetre or sub- millimetre electromagnetic waves and especially terahertz electromagnetic waves |
| FR3036532A1 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2016-11-25 | Hadi Richard Al | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR GENERATING AND DETECTING CENTIMETRIC, MILLIMETRIC OR SUBMILLIMETRIC ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES, IN PARTICULAR TERAHERTZ |
| CN108398691A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-08-14 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | A kind of difference frequency signal generation device and method |
| CN108398691B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2023-10-17 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Difference frequency signal generating device and method |
| CN112068105A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-11 | 浙江光珀智能科技有限公司 | Frequency modulation continuous wave laser radar receiver signal spectrum analysis system and method |
| CN112068105B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2023-09-08 | 浙江光珀智能科技有限公司 | System and method for analyzing signal spectrum of frequency modulation continuous wave laser radar receiver |
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