CN202565195U - Device for generating high-voltage nanosecond pulses - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for generating high-voltage nanosecond pulses, which comprises a power supply, an isolation transformer, a charging unit, a solid switch element, a photoelectric converter, a trigger unit, a pulse transformer, a primary side capacitor, a secondary side capacitor and a steepening gap The switch, the power supply is connected to the charging unit through the isolation transformer for charging the original capacitor, the photoelectric converter is used to receive the optical signal from the outside and convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, the trigger unit is connected to the photoelectric converter for An electric trigger signal is generated according to the electrical signal to control the conduction of the solid switching element. The solid switching element is connected to the charging unit and the primary capacitor. The input terminal of the pulse transformer is connected to the primary capacitor, and the output terminal is connected to the secondary capacitor. Boosting the voltage, the steepening gap switch is used to steepen the boosted voltage. The device of the utility model has a simple structure, and the output high-voltage nanosecond pulse is stable.

Description

A device for generating high-voltage nanosecond pulses

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical fields of high-voltage electrical appliances and pulse power, and more specifically relates to a device for generating high-voltage nanosecond pulses.

Background technique

The leading edge time of the pulse voltage refers to the time required for the voltage of the electric pulse to rise from zero to the peak value. In scientific experiments and special industrial production, fast frontier high-voltage pulses have very important applications. For example, in the field of pulsed high-current gas switches, fast-leading high-voltage electric pulses are often used as the trigger signal for the conduction of the two-electrode switch; in the field of high-voltage measurement, fast-leading high-voltage square waves are used to detect the square wave of the impulse voltage divider Wave response; in ultra-broadband sources, the leading edge time of the fast pulse determines the high-frequency content of the transmission spectrum.

At present, the devices commonly used to generate high-voltage nanosecond pulses include charging cable type, multi-stage charging capacitor type, and pulse transformer type.

When the charging cable-type high-voltage nanosecond pulse device generates hundreds of kilovolts of high-voltage nanosecond pulses, the insulation of the high-voltage output end of the device is difficult to handle, so it is often used to generate high-voltage pulses of several thousand volts to tens of kilovolts. The multi-stage charging capacitor type high-voltage nanosecond pulse device can adjust the output pulse high-voltage amplitude by adjusting the number of capacitor stages and single-stage charging voltage. However, due to the use of more capacitors and switch gaps in the device, the structure and synchronization are difficult. more complicated. Pulse transformer-type high-voltage nanosecond pulse devices are often used to generate higher pulse voltage output, but in traditional devices of this type, there are high requirements for the pulse width and power of pulse transformer output high-voltage pulses, resulting in a larger volume of the entire device , Heavy weight.

Utility model content

In view of the defects of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a device for generating high-voltage nanosecond pulses using pulse transformers and solid switching elements, aiming to solve the problems of complex structure and unstable output of high-voltage nanosecond pulses in the existing devices .

To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a device for generating high-voltage nanosecond pulses, including a power supply, an isolation transformer, a charging unit, a solid switching element, a photoelectric converter, a trigger unit, a pulse transformer, a primary side capacitor, a secondary side The capacitor and the steepening gap switch, the power supply is connected to the charging unit through the isolation transformer, which is used to charge the original capacitor, the photoelectric converter is used to receive the optical signal from the outside, and convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, the trigger unit and the photoelectric conversion Connected to the device, used to generate an electrical trigger signal according to the electrical signal to control the conduction of the solid switching element, the solid switching element is connected to the charging unit and the primary capacitor, the input terminal of the pulse transformer is connected to the primary capacitor, and the output terminal is connected to the secondary capacitor. The capacitor is connected to increase the voltage, and the steepening gap switch is connected to the pulse transformer and the secondary capacitor, and is used to steepen the voltage raised by the pulse transformer to obtain nanosecond pulse high voltage.

The power supply is a high-voltage DC power supply, the solid switching element is composed of a pulse thyristor or an insulated gate bipolar transistor connected in parallel with a freewheeling diode, and the pulse transformer is a magnetic core pulse transformer or an air core pulse transformer.

The capacitance of the primary capacitor and the secondary capacitor meet the following conditions: C _x >> n ² Cy, where C _x is the capacitance of the primary capacitor, C _y is the capacitance of the secondary capacitor, and n is the number of turns of the pulse transformer ratio, and n>1.

Through the above technical solutions conceived by the utility model, compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The utility model uses the steepening gap switch to steepen the pulse high voltage generated by the pulse transformer to obtain nanosecond pulse high voltage. In this application, only the pulse high voltage amplitude obtained on the pulse transformer secondary capacitor is required, and the pulse voltage There are no high requirements for width and power. Since there is no power limit and the principle of pulse transformer resonant charging is used, compared with general high-power pulse transformers, the structure of the pulse transformer used in this device is more compact, the volume is smaller, the cost is lower, and it has engineering application value;

(2) The pulse transformer is used in conjunction with the steepening gap switch. By adjusting the gap distance of the main electrode in the steepening gap switch and the gas pressure of the inflated gas, the amplitude and leading time of the output pulse voltage after steepening can be adjusted to meet the need. Compared with methods such as using magnetic switches to compress pulse front time or reducing pulse front time by optimizing circuit stray parameters, the pulse steepening method adopted by the utility model is easy to operate and can reduce the complexity of the device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the device for generating high-voltage nanosecond pulses of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model.

As shown in Figure 1, the device for generating high-voltage nanosecond pulses of the present invention includes a power supply 1, an isolation transformer 2, a charging unit 3, a solid switching element 4, a photoelectric converter 5, a trigger unit 6, a pulse transformer 7, and a primary capacitor C _1. The secondary side capacitor C ₂ and the steepening gap switch 8 .

The power supply 1 is connected to the charging unit 3 through the isolation transformer 2, and is used to charge the primary capacitor _C1 connected to the primary winding of the pulse transformer 7. In this embodiment, the power supply 1 is a high-voltage DC power supply, and the primary capacitor C ₁ is a high-voltage metallized film capacitor.

The photoelectric converter 5 is used to receive the optical signal ① from the outside, and convert the optical signal ① into an electrical signal.

The trigger unit 6 is connected with the photoelectric converter 5 and is used for generating an electrical trigger signal according to the electrical signal to control the conduction of the solid state switching element 4 .

The solid state switching element 4 is connected to the charging unit 3 and the primary side capacitor _C1 . In this embodiment, the solid state switching element 4 is composed of a pulse thyristor or an insulated gate bipolar transistor connected in parallel with a freewheeling diode.

The input terminal of the pulse transformer 7 is connected to the primary capacitor _C1 , and the output terminal is connected to the secondary capacitor _C2 of the secondary winding of the pulse transformer 7 for boosting the voltage. In this embodiment, the pulse transformer 7 is a magnetic-core pulse transformer or an air-core pulse transformer, and the secondary capacitor C ₂ is a high-voltage ceramic capacitor.

The steepening gap switch 8 is connected to the pulse transformer 7 and the secondary side capacitor _C2 , and is used to steepen the voltage boosted by the pulse transformer 7 to obtain nanosecond pulse high voltage ②.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

The power supply 1 charges the original capacitor C ₁ through the isolation transformer 2 and the charging unit 3. The function of the isolation transformer 2 is to isolate the high-voltage nanosecond pulse generating device from the power supply 1 to prevent the power supply 1 from being damaged when the nanosecond high voltage is generated. The ground potential in the system where it is located rises, thereby damaging the power supply 1 .

The freewheeling diode in the solid switching element 4 prevents the power semiconductor device from being subjected to reverse voltage, thereby playing a protective role. The conduction control module of the solid switch element 4 is composed of a photoelectric converter 5 and a trigger unit 6. When in use, the photoelectric converter 5 receives an optical signal ① provided by the outside, and converts it into an electrical signal to control the trigger unit 6 to generate a conduction signal of the solid switch element 4. pass the desired trigger signal. The control method is simple, safe and reliable.

After the primary side capacitor _C1 is charged, the solid switching element ₄ is controlled to conduct, the primary side capacitor C1 is discharged instantaneously, the primary and secondary side windings of the pulse transformer 7 generate magnetic coupling, and the secondary side capacitor _C2 receives a pulse high voltage. In this embodiment, the capacitance selection of the primary capacitor C ₁ and the secondary capacitor C ₂ should meet the following conditions: C _x >>n ² Cy, where C _x is the capacitance of the primary capacitor C ₁ and Cy is the secondary capacitor C _y . The capacitance of the square capacitor _C2 , n is the turns ratio of the pulse transformer (n>1). According to this method, the device parameters mentioned in this patent can be designed to meet the conditions of pulse transformer resonant charging. Under ideal conditions, the high-voltage pulse amplitude obtained on the secondary side capacitor _C2 can be increased from _nU1 to _2nU1 , where _U1 is the original The charging voltage on square capacitor _C1 . Even if there is a leakage inductance in the pulse transformer, the amplitude of the high-voltage pulse on the secondary side is significantly greater than nU ₁ . Therefore, using the resonant charging parameter conditions proposed in this patent, a pulse transformer with a relatively small number of turns can achieve a secondary output voltage greater than the original design turns ratio, thereby significantly reducing the pulse when the required high-voltage pulse amplitude is constant. The turns ratio, volume, weight and complexity of the transformer device make the device more compact and reduce the cost.

The pulse high voltage obtained on the auxiliary side capacitor C ₂ is steepened by the steepening gap switch 8 to obtain a high voltage nanosecond pulse ②. By adjusting the gap distance of the main electrode in the steepening gap switch 8 and the gas pressure of the inflated gas, the self-breakdown voltage and voltage drop time of the steepening gap switch 8 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the amplitude and output of the nanosecond pulse high voltage ② Frontier time.

Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and modifications made within the spirit and principles of the utility model Improvements and the like should all be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (3)

1. device that produces high-voltage nanosecond pulse; Comprise power supply, isolating transformer, charhing unit, solid switch element, optical-electrical converter, trigger element, pulse transformer, former side's capacitor, secondary side's capacitor and steepness gap switch; It is characterized in that

Said power supply links to each other with said charhing unit through said isolating transformer, is used for said former side's capacitor is charged;

Said optical-electrical converter is used for from extraneous receiving optical signals, and converts said light signal into the signal of telecommunication;

Said trigger element links to each other with said optical-electrical converter, is used for producing electric triggering signal according to the said signal of telecommunication, to control the conducting of said solid switch element;

Said solid switch element links to each other with said former side's capacitor with said charhing unit;

The input of said pulse transformer links to each other with said former side's capacitor, and output links to each other with said pair side capacitor, is used for booster tension;

Said steepness gap switch links to each other with said pair side capacitor with said pulse transformer, is used for that the voltage after the said pulse transformer lifting is carried out steepness and handles, to obtain the nanosecond pulse high pressure.

2. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

Said power supply is a high-voltage DC power supply;

Said solid switch element is that pulse thyristor or insulated gate bipolar transistor parallel connection fly-wheel diode are formed;

Said pulse transformer is magnetic-core type pulse transformer or open core pulse transformer.

3. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the capacitance of said former side's capacitor and said pair side capacitor meets the following conditions:

, C wherein _xBe the capacitance of said former side's capacitor, C _yBe the capacitance of said pair side capacitor, n is the turn ratio of said pulse transformer, and n＞1.

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