The passive Q-adjusted fiber laser of a kind of linear cavity
Technical field
The utility model relates to the passive Q-adjusted fiber laser of a kind of linear cavity, belongs to laser technology field.
Background technology
Nanosecond pulse optical fiber laser has advantages such as beam quality near diffraction limit, high conversion efficiency, high stability, small size, has obtained in fields such as industrial processes, medical treatment, communication and nonlinear opticses using widely.
Aspect industrial processes, the machining tool of widespread usage is a lamp pump solid state laser now, its conversion efficiency is low, running expense height, poor heat stability, beam quality is not easy control, and to shaking sensitivity, any small sample perturbations of optical element all may cause the systematic function instability, therefore need high-caliber accurate maintenance, maintenance cost is high.And the resonant cavity of efficient its fiberize of laser is insensitive for vibrations, and does not need the adjusting collimation of chamber mirror, helps the long-term stability of maintenance system under the working condition; Laser utilizes fiber optic conduction output, not only have high beam quality, and its output arm is more flexible, and not needing mobile laser just can arrive needs the rapidoprint place; Utilize diode-end-pumped not need to change pumping lamp, can reduce maintenance cost; Particularly its average output power can be suitable for the application of industrial circle.Therefore, high-power fiber laser replaces traditional machining tool gradually in applications such as laser engraving, little processing, welding, cutting, laser markings, is more and more used.
Aspect laser medicine, the power of fiber laser can reach a watt magnitude, at laser beautifying, remove spot, defeated logical blood vessel, stitching, gasify, burn etc. use very extensive.
Aspect optical communication, be accompanied by social progress and economic globalization, amount of information increases with progression, and optical communication just constantly develops to all-optical network.The high-capacity optical fiber laser power output can reach a watt magnitude, has played considerable effect at optical-fibre communications field.The fiber laser of 1064nm wavelength can be used as the pumping source of mixing Er fiber amplifier (EDFA).Raman Fiber Amplifier can work in any wavelength of optical communication window, utilizes the pumping source of high-power fiber laser as Raman Fiber Amplifier, and light signal is amplified, and can effectively satisfy the optical communication transmission requirements.
In nonlinear optics frequency inverted research field, the beam quality of pumping source and the performance parameter of nonlinear crystal are the principal elements that influences non-linear conversion efficient.Traditional solid state laser is when high-power operation, because thermal lensing effect, the laser beam quality of output is wayward, makes the non-linear conversion inefficiency.High-capacity optical fiber laser does not need thermal phenomenon is handled especially, and good heat dissipation characteristics and optical fiber self character make can obtain the laser of better beam quality under the high-power operation situation, can be used as the high-quality pumping source of nonlinear optics research field.
The research nanosecond pulse optical fiber laser mainly adopts acoustooptic modulation and two kinds of methods of semiconductor modulation seed source at present.Compare with passive Q-adjusted method, above-mentioned two kinds of methods have the cavity shape structure of system very complicated, the cost height, and volume is big, is not easy to realize deficiencies such as full fiberize.
The utility model content
For solving pulse duration and repetition rate is non-adjustable, the time jitter of pulse train and amplitude jitter more greatly, do not realize the problem that full fiberize, stability of a system difference etc. exist at present, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of new technological approaches, realize pulse duration and adjustable repetitive frequency is humorous, the time jitter of pulse train and amplitude jitter is very little, the passive Q-adjusted nanosecond pulse optical fiber laser of system stability, have that system's chamber shape is simple, cost is low, volume is little, advantages such as in light weight, good heat dissipation, full fiberize.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
The utility model comprises fiber grating, pumping source, wavelength division multiplexer, gain fibre, glass bushing, GRIN Lens, saturable absorber, speculum.The passive Q-adjusted fiber laser of described linear cavity adopts following three kinds of structures.
Described first kind of linear cavity structure is: the input welding of the tail optical fiber of pumping source and wavelength division multiplexer, for wavelength division multiplexer provides pump light, as input pumping light; The signal end of wavelength division multiplexer is connected with an end of fiber grating, and the function of this fiber grating is the selection of adjustable Q laser pulse centre wavelength, realizes the steady operation of Q-switched laser; The output Q-switched laser pulse of the other end of fiber grating; The output of wavelength division multiplexer is connected with an end of gain fibre, is used for the pumping laser input gain optical fiber of pumping source is produced laser gain, and this gain fibre is as the gain media of laser; Optical fiber in the other end of gain fibre and first glass bushing, one end is connected, one end of the other end of first glass bushing and first GRIN Lens is bonding, make laser enter first GRIN Lens through first glass bushing, first GRIN Lens collimates to laser and focuses on; One end of the bonding saturable absorber of the other end of first GRIN Lens, saturable absorber is transferred the Q effect to laser; One end of bonding second GRIN Lens of the other end of saturable absorber, second GRIN Lens is carried out collimation and focusing again to laser; One end of the second GRIN Lens other end and second glass bushing is bonding, and laser is exported from second glass bushing; The bonding speculum of the other end of second glass bushing makes Laser feedback, and speculum and fiber grating form the chamber mirror at resonant cavity two ends, to guarantee to transfer the steady operation of Q nanosecond pulse optical fiber laser.
Described second kind of linear cavity structure is: the input welding of the tail optical fiber of pumping source and wavelength division multiplexer, for wavelength division multiplexer provides pump light, as input pumping light; The signal end of wavelength division multiplexer is connected with an end of fiber grating, and the function of this fiber grating is the selection of adjustable Q laser pulse centre wavelength, realizes the steady operation of Q-switched laser; The output Q-switched laser pulse of the other end of fiber grating; The output of wavelength division multiplexer is connected with an end of gain fibre, is used for the pumping laser input gain optical fiber of pumping source is produced laser gain, and this gain fibre is as the gain media of laser; Optical fiber in the other end of gain fibre and first glass bushing, one end is connected, one end of the other end of first glass bushing and first GRIN Lens is bonding, make laser enter first GRIN Lens through first glass bushing, first GRIN Lens collimates to laser and focuses on; One end of the bonding saturable absorber of the other end of first GRIN Lens, saturable absorber is transferred the Q effect to laser; One end of bonding second GRIN Lens of the other end of saturable absorber carries out collimation and focusing again to laser; The bonding speculum of the second GRIN Lens other end makes Laser feedback, and speculum and fiber grating form the chamber mirror at resonant cavity two ends, to guarantee to transfer the steady operation of Q nanosecond pulse optical fiber laser.
Described the third linear cavity structure is: the input welding of the tail optical fiber of pumping source and wavelength division multiplexer, for wavelength division multiplexer provides pump light, as input pumping light; The signal end of wavelength division multiplexer is connected with an end of fiber grating, and the function of this fiber grating is the selection of adjustable Q laser pulse centre wavelength, realizes the steady operation of Q-switched laser; The output Q-switched laser pulse of the other end of fiber grating; The output of wavelength division multiplexer is connected with an end of gain fibre, is used for the pumping laser input gain optical fiber of pumping source is produced laser gain, and this gain fibre is as the gain media of laser; Optical fiber in the other end of gain fibre and first glass bushing, one end is connected, one end of the other end of first glass bushing and first GRIN Lens is bonding, make laser enter first GRIN Lens through first glass bushing, first GRIN Lens collimates to laser and focuses on; One end of the bonding saturable absorber of the other end of first GRIN Lens, saturable absorber is transferred the Q effect to laser; The bonding speculum of the other end of saturable absorber makes Laser feedback, and speculum and fiber grating form the chamber mirror at resonant cavity two ends, to guarantee to transfer the steady operation of Q nanosecond pulse optical fiber laser.
Described pumping source is semiconductor laser, solid state laser, gas laser, fiber laser or Raman laser; Described gain fibre is doped fiber or photonic crystal fiber; Described fiber grating and speculum, reflectivity is greater than 50%.
Described first GRIN Lens and second GRIN Lens, the scope of using wavelength X is: 100nm≤λ≤10000nm, the scope of intercept Z is: 0P≤Z≤1P, end face coating select coating single side, double-sided coating and one of three kinds of plated films not for use, and 0 °≤θ of end plane angle≤10 ° is optional.
Described saturable absorber is selected the Cr:YAG saturable absorber for use, and the scope of saturable absorber thickness d is: 0mm≤d≤5mm, transmitance T
0Scope be: 10%≤T
0≤ 99%.
Compared with prior art, the utlity model has the tangible advantage of following several respects:
1, the utility model bonds to glass bushing, GRIN Lens, saturable absorber together, constitute little accent Q components and parts, has realized that optical fiber transfers that Q's is integrated.Optical fiber in this small-sized accent Q components and parts end face can directly fuse in the fiber laser, has realized the full fiberize of fiber laser, and has reduced extraneous factor to passive Q-adjusted influence.
2, in the passive Q-adjusted fiber laser of linear cavity, adopt the speculum of the fiber grating and the other end to form resonant cavity, thereby effectively reduced the ubiquitous jitter problem of passive Q-adjusted fiber laser, obtain stable, high repetition, the output of narrow pulsewidth nanosecond laser pulses, whole laser cavity is more stable, practicability and realized the tunable of pulse duration and repetition rate more.
3, to adopt saturable absorber that fiber laser is carried out passive Q-adjusted for the utility model, has little, in light weight, the advantages such as cost is low, good heat dissipation of volume.Have wide practical use in fields such as laser processing, laser medicine, military affairs.
Description of drawings
First kind of structural representation of the passive Q-adjusted fiber laser of linear cavity that Fig. 1 provides for embodiment 1;
Second kind of structural representation of the passive Q-adjusted fiber laser of linear cavity that Fig. 2 provides for embodiment 2;
The third structural representation of the passive Q-adjusted fiber laser of linear cavity that Fig. 3 provides for embodiment 3;
Among the figure: 1, fiber grating, 2, pumping source, 3, wavelength division multiplexer, 4, gain fibre, 5, first glass bushing, 6, first GRIN Lens, 7, the Cr:YAG saturable absorber, 8, speculum, 9, second GRIN Lens, 10, second glass bushing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further described, but is not limited only to following several embodiment:
Embodiment 1
First kind of passive Q-adjusted fiber laser of linear cavity as shown in Figure 1.Among Fig. 1,1 is fiber grating, and the centre wavelength of fiber grating is 1064nm, reflectivity 80%; 2 is pumping source, selects for use maximum to bear power 10W, the semiconductor laser diode of centre wavelength 976nm; 3 is wavelength division multiplexer, and model is the pump light wavelength division multiplexer of (2+1); 4 is gain fibre, selects the long double clad Yb dosed optical fiber of 3m for use; 5 and 10 are respectively first glass bushing and second glass bushing, and optical fiber inserts in the glass bushing, makes laser pass through glass bushing; 6 and 9 are respectively first GRIN Lens and second GRIN Lens, and the intercept Z=0.5P of this GRIN Lens selects double-sided coating for use, and two end faces all are 8 ° of angles, and effect is to collimate and focus on entering laser in the glass bushing; 7 is the Cr:YAG saturable absorber, its
diameter
Thickness 1=1.32mm, transmitance T
0=47%, effect is that fiber laser is transferred Q; 8 is speculum, and selecting reflectivity for use is 99% speculum, constitutes the chamber mirror of resonant cavity with fiber grating, to guarantee the steady running of laser.
Wherein, the pumping laser of semiconductor laser diode 976nm wavelength is coupled into the long gain fibre of 3m by (2+1) wavelength division multiplexer and produces laser gain.The laser that produces is coupled into first GRIN Lens by the optical fiber in first glass bushing, one end, first GRIN Lens collimates and focuses on, the Cr:YAG saturable absorber is as adjusting Q crystal, place between first GRIN Lens and second GRIN Lens, fiber laser is transferred Q, obtain ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser.Laser is collimated and focus on via second GRIN Lens at last, and the rate of being reflected is that 99% mirror reflects is returned.(2+1) signal end of wavelength division multiplexer and reflectivity are that 80% fiber grating one end is connected, 80% laser is retained in the chamber, and fiber grating and speculum constitute resonant cavity, produce laser generation, the other end of fiber grating is an output, the output ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser.Total chamber of this linear cavity is about and is 7m.This embodiment 1 is under the condition of pump power 3.581W, obtain power output 50.43mW, repetition rate 30KHz, the pulse train of pulse duration 180ns, the time jitter of prior art pulse train is all greater than 10% at present, and the time jitter of the foregoing description 1 pulse train and amplitude jitter be less than 10%, thereby improved the stability of system preferably.
Embodiment 2
Second kind of passive Q-adjusted fiber laser of linear cavity as shown in Figure 2.Among Fig. 2,1 is fiber grating, and the centre wavelength of fiber grating is 1064nm, reflectivity 80%; 2 is pumping source, selects for use maximum to bear power 10W, the semiconductor laser diode of centre wavelength 976nm; 3 is wavelength division multiplexer, and model is the pump light wavelength division multiplexer of (2+1); 4 is gain fibre, selects the long double clad Yb dosed optical fiber of 3m for use; 5 is first glass bushing, and optical fiber inserts in first glass bushing, makes laser pass through first glass bushing; 6 and 9 are respectively first GRIN Lens and second GRIN Lens, and the intercept Z=0.5P of this GRIN Lens selects double-sided coating for use, and two end faces all are 8 ° of angles, and effect is to collimate and focus on entering laser in the glass bushing; 7 is the Cr:YAG saturable absorber, its
diameter
Thickness 1=0.8mm, transmitance T
0=58.6%, effect is that fiber laser is transferred Q; 8 is speculum, and selecting reflectivity for use is 99% speculum, constitutes the chamber mirror of resonant cavity with fiber grating, to guarantee the steady running of laser.
Wherein, the pumping laser of semiconductor laser diode 976nm wavelength is coupled into the long gain fibre of 3m by (2+1) wavelength division multiplexer and produces laser gain.The laser that produces is coupled into first GRIN Lens by the optical fiber in first glass bushing, first GRIN Lens collimates to laser and focuses on, the Cr:YAG saturable absorber is as adjusting Q crystal, place between first GRIN Lens and second GRIN Lens, fiber laser is transferred Q, obtain ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser.Laser is collimated and focus on via second GRIN Lens at last, and the rate of being reflected is that 99% mirror reflects is returned.(2+1) signal end of wavelength division multiplexer and reflectivity are that 80% fiber grating one end is connected, and 80% laser is retained in the chamber, and fiber grating and speculum constitute resonant cavity, produce laser generation, the other end output ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser of fiber grating.Total chamber of this linear cavity is about and is 7m.This embodiment 2 is under the condition of pump power 3.581W, obtain power output 60.81mW, repetition rate 30.3KHz, the pulse train of pulse duration 156ns, the time jitter of prior art pulse train is all greater than 10% at present, and the time jitter of the foregoing description 2 pulse trains and amplitude jitter be less than 10%, thereby improved the stability of system preferably.
Embodiment 3
The passive Q-adjusted fiber laser of the third linear cavity as shown in Figure 3.Among Fig. 3,1 is fiber grating, and the centre wavelength of fiber grating is 1064nm, reflectivity 80%; 2 is pumping source, selects for use maximum to bear power 10W, the semiconductor laser diode of centre wavelength 976nm; 3 is wavelength division multiplexer, and model is the pump light wavelength division multiplexer of (2+1); 4 is gain fibre, selects the long Yb dosed optical fiber of 3m for use; 5 is first glass bushing, and optical fiber inserts in first glass bushing, makes laser pass through glass bushing; 6 is first GRIN Lens, and the intercept Z=0.5P of this GRIN Lens selects double-sided coating for use, and two end faces all are 8 ° of angles, and effect is to collimate and focus on entering laser in the glass bushing; 7 is the Cr:YAG saturable absorber, its
diameter
Thickness 1=1.3mm, transmitance T
0=56.93%, effect is that fiber laser is transferred Q; 8 is speculum, and selecting reflectivity for use is 99% speculum, constitutes the chamber mirror of resonant cavity with fiber grating, to guarantee the steady running of laser.
Wherein, the pumping laser of semiconductor laser diode 976nm wavelength is coupled into the long gain fibre of 3m by (2+1) wavelength division multiplexer and produces laser gain.The laser that produces is coupled into first GRIN Lens by the optical fiber in first glass bushing, and first GRIN Lens collimates to laser and focuses on, and the Cr:YAG saturable absorber is transferred Q as adjusting Q crystal to fiber laser, obtains ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser.The laser rate of being reflected at last is that 99% mirror reflects is returned.(2+1) signal end of wavelength division multiplexer and reflectivity are that 80% fiber grating one end is connected, 80% laser is retained in the chamber, and fiber grating and speculum constitute resonant cavity, produce laser generation, the other end of fiber grating is an output, the output ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser.Total chamber of this linear cavity is about and is 7m.This embodiment 3 is under the condition of pump power 3.581W, obtain power output 67.39mW, repetition rate 31.3KHz, the pulse train of pulse duration 161ns, the time jitter of prior art pulse train is all greater than 10% at present, and the time jitter of the foregoing description 3 pulse trains and amplitude jitter be less than 10%, thereby improved the stability of system preferably.