Summary of the invention
The utility model technical problem at first to be solved is at the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of and heats that fast, life-span length, strong shock resistance, heating surface are even, safety, environmental protection and energy saving, metal substrate glass ceramics electric heater that cost is low.For this reason, the utility model by the following technical solutions: it comprises metal substrate and the glass ceramics sheet as insulating heat-conduction material that is combined on the metal substrate, and described glass ceramics sheet inside is embedded with metallic resistance paillon foil or the metallic resistance silk as electric heating element.
On the basis of adopting technique scheme of the present utility model, the utility model also can adopt following further technical scheme:
Described glass ceramics sheet is combined on the one side of metal substrate.Between described glass ceramics sheet and the metal substrate eutectic layer is arranged.The eutectic layer plays the effect with combination between glass ceramics sheet and the metal substrate.
Described metallic resistance paillon foil or metallic resistance silk are that nickel chromium triangle or Aludirome material are made.
Described glass ceramics sheet as insulating heat-conduction material is a stratiform compound glass pottery.
Layered compound glass pottery is to be made up of the glass ceramics of different performances such as bottom glass ceramics, transition zone glass ceramics and cover layer glass ceramics.
Described bottom glass ceramics for and metal substrate form the eutectic layer and combine closely, thermal coefficient of expansion is complementary, average body density is in every cubic centimetre 3.2 gram to the heat conduction glass ceramics between 6.0 grams.
Described transition zone glass ceramics is and the adjacent layer glass ceramics is combined closely, thermal coefficient of expansion is complementary, average body density is in every cubic centimetre 3.2 gram to the heat conductive insulating glass ceramics between 6.0 grams.The effect that it plays enhancing, smooth variation, covers the shortage the various performances of adjacent layer glass ceramics.Form by one or more layers glass ceramics according to the difference that metal substrate glass ceramics electric heater product serviceability is required.
Described cover layer glass ceramics for cover as the metallic resistance paillon foil of electric heating element or metallic resistance silk, with the transition zone glass ceramics is combined closely, thermal coefficient of expansion is complementary insulating glass pottery.
As metal substrate of the present utility model one or more can be arranged; The surface configuration of described metal substrate can be plane, curved surface, sphere, cambered surface or the like, and profile can be square, circular, tubulose and other three-dimensional shape etc.Described heating work is looked like and is adopted low-melting-point metal such as aluminium etc., and the technology that can also cast and described glass ceramics sheet are closely linked, and make the electric heater of various functions.
Another technical problem to be solved of the utility model is at the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of and heats that fast, life-span length, strong shock resistance, heating surface are even, safety, environmental protection and energy saving, electrical heated appliance that cost is low.For this reason, the utility model by the following technical solutions: it comprises container body, and container body is provided with aforesaid metal substrate glass ceramics electric heater.
Described container body can adopt canister (is steel, cast iron, copper material and copper alloy and stainless steel or the like as material) or have one side at least as nonmetal (is devitrified glass or the like for pottery, quartz glass, plastics, glass ceramics as material) or the composite material of the metal substrate of heating work face (as enamel etc.) container etc.
Apply described bottom glass ceramics slurry in described container body as the metallic substrate surfaces of heating work face, on described bottom glass ceramics, apply one or more layers described transition zone glass ceramics slurry again, to be placed on described transition zone glass ceramics surface as the metallic resistance paillon foil or the metallic resistance silk of electric heating element then, apply described cover layer glass ceramics slurry at last, in this process, through once or once above sintering, physical-chemical reaction takes place and form stratiform compound glass pottery, in sintering process, the bottom glass ceramics is diffused in the capillary porosity of metallic substrate surfaces, its degree of depth can reach more than the 0.02mm, the glass ceramics diffusion is infiltrated in the metallic substrate surfaces and is formed the eutectic layer, make between the metal substrate and glass ceramics of described container body as heating work face, make electrical heated appliance as the metallic resistance paillon foil of electric heating element or metallic resistance silk with as strong bonded between the glass ceramics of insulating material together.
As container body of the present utility model, as adopting low-melting-point metal such as aluminium etc., the technology that can also cast and metal substrate glass ceramics electric heater combine, and make electrical heated appliance.
As container body of the present utility model, also can be respectively combine with method, welding or the bonding technology and the metal substrate glass ceramics electric heater of machinery, make electrical heated appliance.
Owing to adopt the technical solution of the utility model, between the glass ceramics and metal substrate of the utility model as heat-conducting layer as heating work face, as the glass ceramics of insulating barrier and as between the metallic resistance paillon foil of electric heating element or the metallic resistance silk the bond strength height, strong shock resistance, long service life, and high temperature resistant, can not melt, leakproof under the dampness, improve fail safe greatly, the utility model power density (can reach 60W/cm greatly
2), thermal shock resistance is strong, firing rate is fast, the heat efficiency is high, heating surface is even, volume is little, planform design is random big, does not consume non-ferrous metals such as copper, environmental protection and energy saving.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, with reference to accompanying drawing 1,2,3,4,8.
Electrical heated appliance provided by the utility model comprises container body 1, container body 1 has at the bottom of the heat-conducting metal 2, it is as the described metal bottom (substrate) of heating work face, sintering is embedded with resistance metal paillon foil 4 or wire as electric heating element as the glass ceramics sheet 3 of insulating heat-conduction material at the bottom of the described heat-conducting metal in the middle of the described glass ceramics sheet 3.The heating surface (area) (HS of heater is from 4cm
2---2000cm
2, power density 60W/cm
2All can realize with interior.
Form glass ceramics sheet 3 and be: apply described bottom glass ceramics 22-1 slurry as the metallic substrate surfaces of heating work face in described container body with metal substrate with as the metallic resistance paillon foil of electric heating element or the combination of metallic resistance silk, on described bottom glass ceramics, apply one or more layers described transition zone glass ceramics 22-2 or 22-2 again, the 22-3 slurry, to be placed on described transition zone glass ceramics surface as the metallic resistance paillon foil or the metallic resistance silk of electric heating element then, apply described cover layer glass ceramics 22-4 slurry at last, in this process, through once or once above sintering, physical-chemical reaction takes place and form stratiform compound glass pottery, in sintering process, the bottom glass ceramics is diffused in the capillary porosity of metallic substrate surfaces, its degree of depth can reach more than the 0.02mm, the glass ceramics diffusion is infiltrated in the metallic substrate surfaces and is formed eutectic layer 6, make between the metal substrate and glass ceramics as heating work face as Heat Conduction Material, as the metallic resistance paillon foil of electric heating element or metallic resistance silk and together as strong bonded between the glass ceramics of insulating material, middle by the transition zone glass ceramics together with bottom glass ceramics and cover layer glass ceramics strong bonded, make a kind of novel electrical heated appliance.The number of plies of transition zone glass ceramics generally is controlled at one deck to six layer.
By realized combining closely of the no gap between glass ceramics sheet and the metal substrate, no adhesives with upper type, has the bonding strength height, thermal shock resistance is strong, thermal conductivity good, electric insulation intensity height, have good security performance.
Glass ceramics (Glass-ceramic), claim micro-crystalline ceramic, devitrified glass, microcrystalline jade or glass-ceramic again.Glass ceramics sheet 3 heatproofs can reach 800 ℃, and can not burn and melt, and fail safe is good.
Adopt traditional metallic resistance paillon foil or metallic resistance silk as electric heating element of the present utility model, have high reliability features, material mainly comprises nickel chromium triangle or Aludirome etc.; Metallic resistance paillon foil or metallic resistance silk as electric heating element have a group or more, and every group has two or two to pass the glass ceramics insulating barrier with top electrode.Resistance metal paillon foil or wire can be designed to different shape, thereby can conveniently design different localized heating temperature and heating power, are applied to dissimilar products, from civilian to industrial products.The different shape of resistance metal paillon foil can pass through the stamping-out moulding.The resistance metal paillon foil can be big in voltage fluctuation, various impacts can be stood in the place that load variations is big, and two ends of resistance metal paillon foil have power supply lead-out tablet 5, and the power supply lead-out tablet passes the glass ceramics sheet and is connected with power supply, the power supply lead-out tablet can connect various power connections, and is very convenient.The thickness of resistance metal paillon foil is smaller or equal to 0.05mm, and it is fabulous to dispel the heat, and it is big to make power density behind the cooperation glass ceramics insulating heat-conduction material, and volume is little, the heater that the life-span is long especially.Metal substrate as heating work face of the present utility model can adopt as various black or nonferrous materialss such as steel, cast iron, copper material and copper alloy and stainless steels.
Metal bottom can itself be at the bottom of the container body or be connected at the bottom of the container body by means such as solderings on sheet metal, when if metal bottom adopts sheet metal on being connected at the bottom of the container body by means such as solderings, can be earlier with sheet metal with after the heater sintering is connected, be connected at the bottom of the container body on.The surface configuration of metal bottom can be plane, curved surface, sphere, cambered surface etc. as required and the design shape, the material of metal bottom can be thermal conductive metallic materials such as iron, stainless steel.Pass through sintering, metal bottom is connected with glass ceramics sheet 3, glass ceramics is diffused in the capillary gap on metal bottom surface, its degree of depth reaches more than the 0.02mm, drawing reference numeral 6 diffuses into part in the metal bottom surface for glass ceramics, the part of metal bottom surface in glass ceramics diffuses into the metal bottom surface forms the eutectic layer in sintering process, by realized the no gap between glass ceramics sheet and the metal bottom with upper type, the compactness of no adhesives connects, the intensity height, thermal conductivity is good, and high-insulativity, the electrical strength height, safety.
Described container body can be utensils such as pot, kettle, cup, dish, such as pot, kettle, the cup of heated food, liquid, burns, fries in shallow oil, bakes, dish of deep-fried food, pot etc.
Embodiment 2, with reference to accompanying drawing 5,6,7,8.
Metal substrate glass ceramics electric heater provided by the utility model comprises heat-conducting metal substrate 21, sintering is by the glass ceramics sheet 22 as insulating heat-conduction material on the described heat-conducting metal substrate 21, in sintering process, the molecular diffusion that makes glass ceramics reaches more than the 0.02mm in the surface at the bottom of the heat-conducting metal, between metal bottom and glass ceramics sheet, form eutectic layer 25, be embedded with resistance metal paillon foil 23 or wire in the middle of the described glass ceramics sheet as electric heating element.The heating surface (area) (HS of heater is from 4cm
2---2000cm
2, power density 60W/cm
2All can realize with interior.
Form glass ceramics sheet 3 and be: apply described bottom glass ceramics 22-1 slurry in described metallic substrate surfaces as heating work face with metal substrate with as the metallic resistance paillon foil of electric heating element or the combination of metallic resistance silk, on described bottom glass ceramics, apply one or more layers described transition zone glass ceramics 22-2 or 22-2 again, the 22-3 slurry, to be placed on described transition zone glass ceramics surface as the metallic resistance paillon foil or the metallic resistance silk 23 of electric heating element then, apply described cover layer glass ceramics 22-4 slurry at last, in this process, through once or once above sintering, physical-chemical reaction takes place and form stratiform compound glass pottery, in sintering process, the bottom glass ceramics is diffused in the capillary porosity of metallic substrate surfaces, its degree of depth can reach more than the 0.02mm, and the glass ceramics diffusion is infiltrated in the metallic substrate surfaces and formed eutectic layer 25.Transition zone A glass ceramics 22-2 and transition zone B glass ceramics 22-3 are between bottom glass ceramics 22-1 and the cover layer glass ceramics 22-4, transition the performance of each layer, in sintering process, interpenetrate between each layer glass ceramics, be closely linked, make between the metal substrate and bottom glass ceramics 22-1 as heating work face, as strong bonded between the metallic resistance paillon foil of electric heating element and transition zone B glass ceramics 22-3 and the cover layer glass ceramics 22-4 together, make a kind of novel electric heater, be called metal substrate glass ceramics electric heater (Metal Placode Glass-ceramic Heater), be called for short metallic plate heater (MPH).The number of plies of transition zone glass ceramics generally is controlled at one deck to six layer.
By realized combining closely of the no gap between glass ceramics and the metal substrate, no adhesives with upper type, has the bonding strength height, thermal shock resistance is strong, thermal conductivity good, electric insulation intensity height, have good security performance.
Electric heater provided by the utility model be metal substrate glass ceramics electric heater (Metal PlacodeGlass-ceramic Heater) be a kind of with metal as substrate, with metallic resistance paillon foil or metallic resistance silk as electric heating element, with glass ceramics as insulating heat-conduction material, form by sintering, have the composite material of heating power function.
Glass ceramics sheet 22 heatproofs can reach 800 ℃, and can not burn and melt safety, the resistance metal paillon foil can be big in voltage fluctuation, various impacts can be stood in the place that load variations is big, and two ends of resistance metal paillon foil have power supply lead-out tablet 24, and the power supply lead-out tablet passes the glass ceramics sheet and is connected with power supply.The power supply lead-out tablet can connect various power connections, and is very convenient.
The material of metallic plate can be thermal conductive metallic materials such as iron, stainless steel.The surface configuration of metal bottom (substrate) 21 can be the plane, curved surface, sphere, cambered surface etc. as required and the design shape, pass through sintering, metal bottom (substrate) 21 is connected with glass ceramics sheet 22, glass ceramics is diffused in the capillary gap on metal bottom (substrate) surface, its degree of depth reaches more than the 0.02mm, drawing reference numeral 25 diffuses into part in the metal bottom surface for glass ceramics, the part that glass ceramics diffuses in metal bottom (substrate) surface in sintering process forms the eutectic layer, by realized the no gap between glass ceramics sheet and the metal bottom (substrate) with upper type, the compactness of no adhesives connects, the intensity height, thermal conductivity is good, and high-insulativity, electrical strength height, safety.
Described metal bottom (substrate) and glass ceramics sheet in conjunction with after formed heat-generating disc, heating board or heating sheet, it can be arranged on, and pallet 26 grades support, on the installing mechanism, constitute heater, can be used for heating such as utensils such as pot, kettle, cup, dishes.
The thickness of resistance metal paillon foil is smaller or equal to 0.05mm, and it is fabulous to dispel the heat, and it is big to make power density behind the cooperation glass ceramics insulating heat-conduction material, and volume is little, the heater that the life-span is long especially.The material of resistance metal paillon foil can adopt nickel chromium triangle or Aludirome, resistance metal paillon foil or wire can be designed to different shape, thereby can conveniently design different localized heating temperature and heating power, be applied to dissimilar products, from civilian to industrial products.The different shape of resistance metal paillon foil can pass through the stamping-out moulding.