The utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is, a kind of new mode is provided, and can solve following problem one of at least: improve the motor power conversion efficiency, more energy-conservation, more environmental protection makes mileages of continuation longer; Make the power density height of drive of motor, system safety is reliable, and the lightweight that is beneficial to vehicle is handled, and makes the electric current that travels lower; Motor is worked long hours any bad phenomenon, perfect heat-dissipating do not occur; Guarantee motor process production stability, consistency, reduce the motor production cost and guarantee the market competitiveness.
In view of this, the utility model provides a kind of electric machine, comprising: a plurality of motors, wherein, the output shaft of two adjacent motors links together.By this technical scheme, a plurality of motors (as power) as required carry out flexible combination, and the electric current that each motor receives is littler, the high heat that has produced when having avoided big electric current to import single common electric machine, the situation of low usefulness.
In technique scheme, preferably, also comprise: controller, be connected to described a plurality of motor, control the work of described a plurality of motors; Storage battery is connected to described controller, and the electric energy of described storage battery transfers to described a plurality of motor through described controller; Speed regulator is connected to described controller, sends speed-regulating signal to described controller, and described controller is regulated the electric energy that described storage battery inputs to described a plurality of motors according to described speed-regulating signal, carries out work to control described a plurality of motor.
In technique scheme, preferably, described controller comprises a plurality of sub-controllers, each sub-controller all is connected to the motor of the correspondence in described a plurality of motor, wherein, described each sub-controller is regulated the electric energy that described storage battery inputs to the motor of described correspondence all according to described speed-regulating signal, carries out work with the motor of controlling described correspondence.
In technique scheme, preferably, described controller is controlled arbitrary sub-controller and is blocked the motor power supply of described storage battery to described arbitrary sub-controller correspondence, makes the motor of described arbitrary sub-controller correspondence quit work.By this technical scheme, can be when having motor to break down or the electric current of importing each motor cross when low, stop the work of one or more motors.
In technique scheme, preferably, when not having the output shaft rotation of described battery-driven motor, described no described battery-driven motor inputs to described storage battery with the electric energy that produces.By this technical scheme, can effectively save the electric energy of storage battery.
In technique scheme, preferably, an end of the output shaft of each motor has internal spline, and the other end has external splines, and the internal spline of an output shaft of described adjacent two motors realizes that with the external splines of another output shaft spline is connected.
In technique scheme, preferably, the shell of described adjacent two motors links together.
In technique scheme, preferably, a side of the shell of each motor has pit, and opposite side has boss, and in described two adjacent motors, the pit of the shell of a motor combines with the boss of the shell of another motor to realize the seam location.
In technique scheme, preferably, the shell of described adjacent two motors links together by connector.
In technique scheme, preferably, described a plurality of motors are positioned in the back suspension reduction box system of electric motor car.
In technique scheme, preferably, described controller, described storage battery and described speed regulator all are fixed on the vehicle frame of described electric motor car.
In technique scheme, preferably, the quantity of the motor that described a plurality of motors comprise is two or three.
The utility model also provides a kind of electric machine, comprising: motor, comprise a plurality of stators and with a plurality of one to one rotors of described a plurality of stators.By this technical scheme, the electric current of input motor is shunted the high heat that has produced when having avoided big electric current to import single armature winding, the situation of low usefulness.
In technique scheme, preferably, also comprise: controller, be connected to a plurality of stators in the described motor, control the rotation of described a plurality of rotors; Storage battery is connected to described controller, and the electric energy of described storage battery transfers to armature winding on described a plurality of stator through described controller; Speed regulator is connected to described controller, sends speed-regulating signal to described controller, and described controller is regulated the electric energy that described storage battery inputs to the armature winding on described a plurality of stator according to described speed-regulating signal, controls the rotation of described a plurality of rotors.
In technique scheme, preferably, described controller comprises a plurality of sub-controllers, each sub-controller all is connected to the stator of the correspondence in described a plurality of stator, wherein, each sub-controller is all according to described speed-regulating signal, regulates the electric energy of the armature winding on the stator that described storage battery inputs to described correspondence, and the rotor corresponding with control and described corresponding stator rotates.
According to technique scheme, can realize a kind of electric machine, it is more effectively energy-conservation, and is more safe and reliable, and manufacturing cost is cheaper.
Embodiment
In order more to be expressly understood above-mentioned purpose of the present utility model, feature and advantage, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
A lot of details have been set forth in the following description so that fully understand the utility model, but, the utility model can also adopt other to be different from other modes described here and implement, and therefore, the utility model is not limited to the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the electric machine of an embodiment of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model provides a kind of electric machine, comprising: a plurality of motors 100, wherein, the output shaft 102 of two adjacent motors links together.By this technical scheme, a plurality of motors (as power) as required carry out flexible combination, and the electric current that each motor receives is littler, the high heat that has produced when having avoided big electric current to import single common electric machine, the situation of low usefulness.
In technique scheme, also comprise: controller, be connected to described a plurality of motor 100, control the work of described a plurality of motor 100; Storage battery is connected to described controller, and the electric energy of described storage battery transfers to described a plurality of motor 100 through described controller; Speed regulator is connected to described controller, sends speed-regulating signal to described controller, and described controller is regulated the electric energy that described storage battery inputs to described a plurality of motor 100 according to described speed-regulating signal, carries out work to control described a plurality of motor 100.
In technique scheme, described controller comprises a plurality of sub-controllers, each sub-controller all is connected to the motor of the correspondence in described a plurality of motor 100, wherein, described each sub-controller is all according to described speed-regulating signal, regulate the electric energy that described storage battery inputs to the motor of described correspondence, carry out continuous operation with the motor of controlling described correspondence.
In technique scheme, described controller is controlled arbitrary sub-controller and is blocked the motor power supply of described storage battery to described arbitrary sub-controller correspondence, makes the motor of described arbitrary sub-controller correspondence quit work.By this technical scheme, can be when having motor to break down or the electric current of importing each motor cross when low, stop the work of one or more motors.
In technique scheme, when not having the output shaft rotation of described battery-driven motor, described no described battery-driven motor inputs to described storage battery with the electric energy that produces.By this technical scheme, can effectively save the electric energy of storage battery.
In technique scheme, an end of the output shaft 102 of each motor has internal spline, and the other end has external splines, and the internal spline of an output shaft of described adjacent two motors realizes that with the external splines of another output shaft spline is connected.
In technique scheme, the shell of described adjacent two motors links together.
In technique scheme, a side of the shell of each motor has pit, and opposite side has boss, and in described two adjacent motors, the pit of the shell of a motor combines with the boss of the shell of another motor to realize the seam location.
In technique scheme, the shell of described adjacent two motors links together by connector.
In technique scheme, described a plurality of motors 100 are positioned in the back suspension reduction box system of electric motor car.
In technique scheme, described controller, described storage battery and described speed regulator all are fixed on the vehicle frame of described electric motor car.
In technique scheme, the quantity of the motor that described a plurality of motors 100 comprise is two or three.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation according to another electric machine of an embodiment of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 2, the utility model also provides a kind of electric machine, comprising: motor, comprise a plurality of stators 202 and with a plurality of one to one rotors 204 of described a plurality of stators 202.By this technical scheme, the electric current of input motor is shunted the high heat that has produced when having avoided big electric current to import single armature winding, the situation of low usefulness.
In technique scheme, preferably, also comprise: controller, be connected to a plurality of stators 202 in the described motor, control the rotation of described a plurality of rotor 204; Storage battery is connected to described controller, and the electric energy of described storage battery transfers to armature winding on described a plurality of stator 202 through described controller; Speed regulator is connected to described controller, sends speed-regulating signal to described controller, and described controller is regulated the electric energy that described storage battery inputs to the armature winding on described a plurality of stator 202 according to described speed-regulating signal, controls the rotation of described a plurality of rotor 204.
In technique scheme, preferably, described controller comprises a plurality of sub-controllers, each sub-controller all is connected to the stator of the correspondence in described a plurality of stator 202, wherein, each sub-controller is all according to described speed-regulating signal, regulates the electric energy of the armature winding on the stator that described storage battery inputs to described correspondence, and the rotor corresponding with control and described corresponding stator rotates.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation according to the electric machine of an embodiment of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 3, the mid-motor 302 of brush DC links together the composition bi-motor as driving power with the mid-motor 304 of brush DC among the figure.
Mid-brshless DC motor 302 is worked with mid-brshless DC motor 304 and is formed the novel double-motor drive system, when dual-motor drive system is in operate as normal or load when big, storage battery 308 can (comprise two sub-controllers by controller 306, not shown, can be to the control of powering of the motor of correspondence) dual-motor drive system is powered, this moment, electric current was powered to dual-motor drive system through being divided into two behind the controller 306, drove the bi-motor running.This moment, dual-motor drive system played the effect of shunting, improved the transmission efficiency of motor when high power work, greatly reduced temperature rise and loss problem that big electric current produces in the separate unit motor.
Below be specifically described: at first the brushless mid-bi-motor 302 of high power DC and 304 is installed on the differential bridge of electric motor car, fix, again with the phase line of the lead-out wire of the brushless mid-bi-motor 302 of high power DC and 304 and two electric controllers 306 and the Hall lead-out wire is corresponding joins.The both positive and negative polarity of storage battery 308 and speed regulator 310 be also corresponding with two electric controller 306 respectively to join etc. after serial circuit butt joint finishes, and it is errorless to confirm that lead-in wire joins.Start electric door lock, tramp with one's feet and step on speed regulator 310, at this moment, two electric controllers 306 can judge that (speed regulator is changed by a linear Hall 0-5V to speed regulator 310 signals, adjust the voltage duty cycle of importing motor by output voltage signal, realize the purpose of speed governing).
The operation principle of the electric machine in the present embodiment is as follows:
In mid-dc brushless motor 302 and 304, armature winding is set on the stator, and permanent magnet pole is set on the rotor.The perception of electromagnetic mode institute is passed through by rotor-position sensor (Hall element) in the position of the relative rotor permanent magnet of each phase armature winding of stator; And utilize its output signal, by electronic commutation circuit (controller), remove to drive the corresponding power switch transistor that is connected with armature winding according to certain logical program, current switch or commutate to corresponding armature winding, along with the rotation of rotor, rotor-position sensor constantly sends out signal, causes armature winding energising successively constantly, constantly change "on" position, thereby make that the sense of current that passes through in the coil-conductor under a certain magnetic pole is constant all the time.
After above-mentioned commutation principle, control circuit is according to the extraneous loading condition of motor, determine storage battery 308 total input voltages, current parameters, behind each motor load status analysis in the brushless mid-bi-motor 302 of 306 pairs of high power DCs of two electric controllers and 304, two electric controllers 306 separately enter total current respectively each of the brushless mid-bi-motor 302 of high power DC and 304, the electric current that enter motor this moment reduces by half, and realizes the purpose that shunting drives.Thereby realize motor stabilizing, running continuously.The driving electric motor car is stable to travel.
Electric machine in the present embodiment and the contrast of driving motor such as following table:
If the electric current that will inject common electric machine is injected into the electric machine of present embodiment, through shunting, electric current separately is injected in two motors and drives two motors and rotate jointly.By the experimental data in the last table as can be seen, under the situation of injecting electric current much at one, the rotating speed of the electric machine in the present embodiment is faster, and efficient is higher, and input power is also bigger.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram according to the junction of the output shaft of the electric machine of an embodiment of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 4, an end of the output shaft of each motor has internal spline, and the other end has external splines.
The internal spline of an output shaft 402 of described adjacent two motors realizes that with the external splines of another output shaft 404 spline is connected.By this kind mode, make two output shafts closely connect, thereby realize the common rotation of two adjacent motors.
Fig. 5 A and 5B are the operation principle schematic diagrames according to the motor of sub-controller in the electric machine of an embodiment of the present utility model and correspondence.
Direct current machine have response fast, bigger starting torque, possess the performance that nominal torque can be provided from zero rotating speed to rated speed, but the advantage of direct current machine is its shortcoming just also, because the performance of constant torque under the confidential generation nominal load of direct current, then armature field and rotor field must perseverance be kept 90 °, and this will be by carbon brush and commutator.Carbon brush and commutator can produce spark, carbon dust and therefore cause assembly damages except meeting when motor rotates, use occasion also is restricted.Alternating current machine does not have carbon brush and commutator, and is non-maintaining, firm, use extensively, but must just can reach with complicated control technology if will reach the performance that is equivalent to direct current machine on the characteristic.It is many that semiconductor develops rapid (PCC) power switching frequency quickening now, promotes the performance of drive motors.Microprocessor speed is also more and more faster, can realize AC Motor Control is placed the diaxon orthogonal coordinate system of a rotation, suitably controls alternating current machine at the diaxon current component, reaches similar DC MOTOR CONTROL and the performance suitable with direct current machine arranged.
Existing in addition a lot of microprocessor will be controlled motor, and essential function is made in the chip, and volume is more and more littler; The picture analog/digital converter (Analog-to-digital converter, ADC), pulse width modulation (pulse wide modulator, PWM) ... etc.Motor in the present embodiment is a dc brushless motor, promptly is to control the alternating current machine commutation in the electronics mode, and obtaining similar direct current machine characteristic does not have a kind of application of lacking in the direct current machine mechanism again.
The rotating speed of rotor is subjected to the speed and rotor number of poles (P) influence: the N=120.f/P of motor stator rotating magnetic field.Under rotor number of poles fixation case, the frequency that changes the stator rotating magnetic field just can change the rotating speed of rotor.
Sub-controller in the present embodiment promptly be used to control corresponding motor the stator rotating magnetic field frequency and the rotating speed of rotor feedback to control centre 502 proofreaies and correct repeatedly, in the hope of reaching mode near the direct current machine characteristic.That is to say that dc brushless motor can still can control rotor and keep certain rotating speed in the nominal load scope when load variations.
Sub-controller in the present embodiment comprises power supply unit and control part, and shown in Fig. 5 A: power supply unit provides three phase mains to motor, and control part is the supply frequency of conversion input on demand then.
Power supply unit can be directly with direct current input (being generally 24V) or with alternating current input (110V/220V), if input is that alternating current must change into direct current through transducer (converter) 504 earlier.No matter be that the input of direct current input or alternating current will change over to and must earlier direct voltage be changed into 3 phase voltages by converter (inverter) 506 before the motor coil and come drive motors.Converter (inverter) 506 is generally by 6 power transistors (Q1~Q6) be divided into upper arm (Q1, Q3, Q5)/underarm (Q2, Q4, Q6) connection motor as the switch of control flows through motor coil.Control part is then provided the opportunity of PWM (pulse width modulation) decision power transistor switch frequency and converter (inverter) 506 commutations by control centre 502.Dc brushless motor is generally wished in use, speed can be stable at set point and can not change too big speed control when load change the time, so motor internal is equipped with the Hall element (hall-sensor) 508 of energy induced field, as the loop circuit control of speed, the foundation of also controlling simultaneously as phase sequence.
Allow motor rotate, at first control part just must be according to the present position of the rotor that Hall element 508 is sensed, determine to open the order of power transistor among (or closing) converter (inverter) 506 then according to stator winding, shown in Fig. 5 B, AH in the converter (inverter), BH, CH (these are called the upper arm power transistor) and AL, BL, CL (these are called the underarm power transistor), make the electric current motor coil of flowing through in regular turn produce forward (or reverse) rotating magnetic field, and interact with the magnet of rotor, so just can make motor up time/inverse time rotation.When rotor turn to Hall element (hall-sensor) 506 induce another the group signal position the time, next group power transistor of opening again again in the converter 506 is modulated by the pwm pulse bandwidth by control centre 502, and so circulation motor just can be rotated further up to control centre's 502 decisions according to same direction and want rotor to stop then to close power transistor (or only opening the underarm power transistor); Oppositely then the power transistor opening sequence is opposite to want rotor.
Basically the method for opening of power transistor can be exemplified below, shown in Fig. 5 B:
One group of AH, one group → AH of BL, one group → BH of CL, one group → BH of CL, one group → CH of AL, one group → CH of AL, BL
But must not be split into AH, AL or BH, BL or CH, CL.In addition because electronic component always has the response time of switch, so power transistor will be taken into account the response time of part at the staggered time of Guan Yukai, otherwise when upper arm (or underarm) is not closed as yet fully, underarm (or upper arm) is just opened, and the result burns power transistor with regard to causing upper and lower arm short circuit.
When motor rotates, the speed that order (Command) and Hall element (hall-sensor) 508 signals that the speed that control centre 502 can be again sets according to sub-controller and adding/rate of deceleration is formed change compared (or by software computing) decide again by next group (AH, BL or AH, CL or BH, CL or ... ...) switch conduction, and ON time length.Speed is then opened length inadequately, and speed is excessive then to shorten, and this partially-working is just finished by pwm pulse bandwidth modulation system.
According to the technical solution of the utility model, can realize a kind of electric machine, have the following advantages: compare the driving of separate unit motor, electric machine efficient platform of the present utility model is wideer, more power saving; Can play the effect of shunting during many machine operation, remedy the sacrifice and the loss of motor efficient when big current work, guarantee the output of motor high efficiency, and through after the shunting, reduced of the impact of big electric current to the separate unit motor, the stability of motor and components and parts life-span strengthen greatly, the whole raising motor useful life; Because the shunting of many motors is handled, greatly reduce of the temperature rise influence of big current work to the separate unit motor, temperature rise is much smaller more than the separate unit machine operation when making the big current work of many motors; Shunt during because of many electric motor startings, avoided the impact of big electric current to the separate unit motor, the detent torque fluctuation is controlled, starts smooth-going.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present utility model only, is not limited to the utility model, and for a person skilled in the art, the utility model can have various changes and variation.All within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the protection range of the present utility model.