CN201166656Y - Soil erosion real-time monitor automatic pouring mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a mechanism for dumping muddy water on a soil erosion real-time monitor. The technical problem to be solved is that the pouring mechanism provided should enable the weighing tipping bucket to automatically dump the muddy water and return to its position automatically, and has the characteristics of high measurement accuracy and work efficiency. The technical solution provided is: the automatic pouring mechanism of the soil erosion real-time monitor, which includes a rotatable rotating shaft positioned horizontally on the weighing frame and a motor fixed on the weighing frame; fixed on the rotating shaft The tipping bucket is connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and a tipping lever is fixed on the motor shaft of the tipping bucket so as to apply force to the tipping bucket to rotate the weighing tipping bucket. The bucket toggle head is rotatably positioned at one end of the crank rod, and the other end of the crank rod is fixed on the rotating shaft. A locking device for positioning the weighing bucket is also formed on the weighing frame.

Description

Soil erosion real-time monitor automatic pouring mechanism

technical field

The utility model relates to a mechanical mechanism of an environmental detection instrument, in particular to a mechanism for dumping muddy water on a real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument.

Background technique

Slope runoff formed by rainfall and snowmelt erodes soil, carries and scours soil particles, and is the main type of soil erosion. Monitoring soil erosion (measuring the sediment content in runoff) provides a scientific and reliable basis for mastering the law of soil erosion and carrying out soil and water conservation work, and is an important basic work for soil and water conservation. The existing soil erosion monitoring methods are all outdated manual methods, which have many defects such as low measurement accuracy, high operating costs, and low labor productivity.

In order to improve monitoring accuracy and monitoring efficiency, the inventor has designed a soil erosion real-time monitor, the basic mechanism of which includes a frame, water inlet mechanism, weighing mechanism, battery and control circuit; The load cell suspended on the frame by the universal joint, the weighing frame hung on the load cell, and the weighing tipping bucket positioned on the weighing frame, the water inlet mechanism includes a motor shaft connected to the moving pipeline The shift fork and the movable pipeline that is clamped by the shift fork and suspended on the weighing dump; the host computer in the control circuit is connected to each electric control component through the input and output interface. Its working principle is that the runoff is introduced into the weighing dump by the movable pipe in the water inlet mechanism, and the weighing sensor obtains the measurement data and transmits the data to the data platform through the communication network, and downloads it to each client.

However, since the monitoring work needs to be carried out continuously or at intervals, the muddy water in the weighing dump needs to be discharged in a timely manner so that it can be reintroduced and the weight of the muddy water can be measured. Therefore, a discharge mechanism is required to complete the entire monitor.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiency of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a pouring mechanism of a real-time soil erosion monitor. The feature of high working efficiency is to meet the continuous monitoring needs of the monitor.

The utility model provides the following technical solutions:

Soil erosion real-time monitor automatic pouring mechanism, the pouring mechanism includes a horizontally positioned on the weighing frame and rotatable rotating shaft and a motor fixed on the weighing frame; the weighing tipping bucket is fixed on the rotating shaft and rotates One end of the shaft is also connected with a tipping bucket, and a tipping lever is fixed on the tipping bucket motor shaft so as to exert force on the tipping bucket to rotate the weighing bucket.

The bucket toggle head is rotatably positioned at one end of the crank rod, and the other end of the crank rod is fixed on the rotating shaft.

A locking device for positioning the weighing bucket is also formed on the weighing frame.

When the utility model is used, it only needs to be placed on the site that needs to be monitored, and the water flow to be measured is connected to the movable pipeline in the utility model with a pipeline, and the monitor can automatically introduce runoff sampling, automatic weighing, and automatic transmission of the measured data to the client for processing.

By adopting the utility model, the dumping of muddy water in the weighing tipping bucket and the reset of the weighing tipping bucket can be carried out automatically, which not only significantly improves the measurement accuracy, but also ensures the uninterrupted monitoring work and significantly reduces the working intensity and workload of the measuring personnel. , greatly improving the monitoring efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front structural diagram of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a left view structural diagram of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a top view structure diagram of the utility model.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A in FIG. 2 .

Fig. 5 is another enlarged structural diagram of part A in Fig. 2 when the utility model is in the pouring position.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure along the direction E in FIG. 5 .

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of another locking device of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of part D in FIG. 2 .

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the control circuit principle of the utility model.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the control circuit of the dump motor in the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the control circuit of the moving pipe motor in the present invention.

Detailed ways

The method of soil erosion real-time monitoring instrument measurement considers continuous sampling from the runoff produced by rainfall, weighing and comparing with the specific gravity of water, from which the content of transported and suspended substances in the runoff is calculated. Since the dynamic (uninterrupted) weighing affects the accuracy, it is difficult to realize. Therefore, a relatively static (discrete) method is used for sampling and weighing, which has higher data accuracy and is technically easier to implement. Soil erosion real-time monitoring instruments can obtain runoff, transported and suspended mass content, runoff generation and end time, and rainfall parameters. And the above parameters are transmitted to the data platform through the communication network, and downloaded to each client for processing, storage and printing.

The specifically designed soil erosion real-time monitor includes a frame 1, a water inlet mechanism, a weighing mechanism, a water pouring mechanism, a battery and a control circuit. Wherein, the battery is a rechargeable battery, which is the power supply of all electrical appliances in the monitor. The battery adopts a capacity of 12V65AH, which ensures that the system can work continuously for more than 100 hours without charging. The charging adopts AC 220V power supply for regular charging, and the charging current is 2A.

In the weighing mechanism: the load cell 3 is suspended on the frame through at least one universal joint 6, a weighing frame 2 is mounted on the load cell, and a weighing tipping bucket 4 is positioned on the weighing frame; The hanging frame can ensure the vertical weighing of the weighing sensor, and the weighing frame is not easy to stick to mud, so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement data. In addition, there is a locking device on the weighing frame, the function of this device is to make the weighing tipping bucket lock in the same position every time, so as to ensure that the funnel is not skewed and the water volume of the full bucket is consistent, so as to ensure the accuracy of the measured data. precise.

The locking devices shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are respectively equipped with a lock head 11-1 and a lock block 11-1 with a pit matched with the top end of the lock head at the corresponding positions of the weighing frame and the weighing bucket. 2. After the lock head 11-1 passes through the through hole on the weighing frame 2, screw the nut 11-3 and the nut 11-5 on both ends respectively, and the coil spring 11-4 is clamped and pressed in the middle, so that the lock head It can slide linearly on the through hole on the weighing frame 2, and is subjected to the reaction force exerted by the spring 11-4.

Shown in Fig. 8 is the locking device of another structure. It can be seen in the figure that the lock head 11-9 is sheathed in the lock head rod 11-8 and can slide axially (the lock head rod 11-8 is fixed on the weighing frame 2 with a nut), and is received by the spring in the lock head rod. 11-7's pushing force; limit nut 11-6 to be screwed on the top of the lock head bar and block the flange of the lock end 11-9 rear end, so that the lock end can be positioned without slipping out.

It can be seen in the figure that four gear heads 14 are formed on the frame, and four gear rods 22 are respectively fixed on the gear heads; the lower ends of four vertical rods 21 are respectively fixed on two gear rods on the top of the frame, and four A channel steel 20 is fixed on the upper end of the pole, and the load cell 3 is suspended on the channel steel 20 through the suspension connecting device 6 . In addition, four mounting feet 15 are provided at the bottom of the rack to increase the grounding area and keep the rack stable.

Further, the weighing mechanism is equipped with two universal joints, that is, in addition to the original universal joint 6 suspended on the upper end of the load cell, the lower end of the load cell is connected in series with the suspended weighing frame A universal joint 5; after the two ends of the load cell are respectively connected with a universal joint, the verticality of the weighing frame is further guaranteed, and the accuracy of weighing is further improved.

In addition, the upper edge of the weighing bucket is also formed with an overflow port 4-1; the edge at this place is lower, and after the weighing bucket is filled with water, the excess water will flow out from the overflow port (muddy water bypass) .

In the described dumping mechanism: the weighing tipping bucket is fixed on the rotating shaft 10, and the rotating shaft 10 is rotatably positioned horizontally on the weighing frame (as can be seen in Figure 9: the two ends of the rotating shaft 10 pass through the weighing frame respectively After the upper shaft hole, then set the washer 10-1 and the spring retainer 10-2 for axial positioning), and one end of the rotating shaft is also fixedly connected with a tipping bucket switch 9 (the tipping lever 9 with the tipping bucket switch 9 -2 is fixed on one end of the crank rod 9-1, and the other end of the crank rod is fixed on the rotating shaft); one side of the weighing frame (the same side as the tipping head) is fixed with a dump motor M1, which is fixed on the dump motor shaft A tipping bucket lever 7; as can be seen in Figure 1, when the tipping bucket motor M1 is started, it drives the tipping bucket lever 7 to rotate (in the direction of arrow F in Figure 1), and the lever 7 exerts force on the tipping bucket knob 9 to generate a torque until This torque overcomes the resistance torque produced by the locking device (as can be seen in Figure 7: since the lower side of the concave hole of the lock block 11-2 is relatively flat, the driving torque of the tipping bucket lever 7 can overcome the resistance of the spring 11-4 and force the lock head 11-1 retreats, and the end of a lock just slides out from the recessed hole of lock block 11-2), and the weighing tipping bucket rotates around rotating shaft 10 and topples immediately. The turning time and direction of the bucket motor are controlled by the control circuit. Naturally, when the weighing tipper is reset, the lever 7 is also applied in reverse to the tipping head 9, so that the weighing tipper is reversed (the opposite direction of the arrow F), until the lock head 11-1 in the locking device is inserted into the weighing In the concave hole of the locking block 11-2 on the tipping bucket, the weighing tipping bucket is locked (also known in Figure 7: because the upper side of the concave hole of the locking block 11-2 is steeper, the turning torque of the tipping bucket lever 7 cannot make the weighing bucket The heavy tipping bucket continues to rotate, and the weighing tipping bucket just stays at the same water inlet position exactly, which ensures the consistency of the water inlet).

The difference between Fig. 5 and Fig. 4 is: what Fig. 5 shows is that the weighing tipping bucket is in the water pouring position (i.e. the dotted line position in Fig. 1), so the rotating shaft 10 is positioned at the rear of the toggle rod 9-2 in the figure at this moment; And what Fig. 4 shows is that the weighing tipping bucket is in the normal weighing position (i.e. the solid line position among Fig. 1), so the rotating shaft 10 is blocked in the front side of the toggle bar (the toggle 9) is housed among the figure.

In the water inlet mechanism: a shift fork motor M2 is fixed on the top of the frame, and a shift fork 17 is connected to the shaft of the shift fork motor, and the shift fork 17 holds a movable pipe 13-1, the outlet end of which is suspended on The top of the weighing bucket; the fork motor rotates the fork to swing, so that the outlet end of the movable pipe is aligned with the weighing bucket (introducing the water flow into the weighing bucket) or moved out of the weighing bucket (making the water flow bypass). The time, angle and direction of the fork motor rotation are all controlled by the control circuit.

Further, the water inlet mechanism also includes a bypass funnel 12 arranged on the weighing tipping bucket, and a side 12-1 of the bypass funnel is lower as the overflow edge; a pair of alignment weighing tipping buckets are arranged in the bypass funnel The water inlet pipe 13-2, the upper edge of the water inlet pipe is higher than the overflow edge of the bypass funnel; when the movable pipe 13-1 is aligned with the water inlet pipe 13-2, the water flow can be introduced, and the water in the movable pipe 13-1 will flow down during the bypass into the bypass funnel and overflow from the overflow.

The control circuit includes a host W, a mobile GSM communication module, an input and output interface, a delay relay board, a sensor, and a trigger.

The host computer is electrically connected with the mobile GSM communication module, the delay relay board YJ, the sensor and the trigger through the input and output interface.

The communication part adopts the mobile GSM communication module to send the data to the user remotely. The advantage of using a mobile communication network for communication is that the current mobile wireless communication network has been basically popularized, and the equipment can transmit data as long as it is installed in a location with a mobile communication network signal. Its communication is simple, convenient and powerful. It is not only a good public voice communication platform, but also a good data transmission platform.

The function of the host computer is the center of processing and control. The host computer adopts the low-power embedded 104 bus industrial computer, and the specific model can be selected according to the needs. The present invention recommends Advantech ICOP6015 or 6016, the power consumption is about 3W; the machine has standard RS232 serial communication port, parallel printing port, IDE hard disk port; standard 4M memory. It can be programmed with the high-level language under the DOS operating system, and the modification and debugging are very convenient and simple. Naturally, a single-chip microcomputer can also be used as the host computer.

The input and output interface converts the signals input by the sensors and triggers into digital signals and sends them to the host; and forwards the control commands to the motors to complete the control action; the input and output interfaces also send the data to the GSM communication module. The input and output interface adopts the standard RS232 serial communication port and parallel printing port on the host computer, and is connected to the delay relay board.

The above-mentioned mainframe and all electronic control components (including sensors, triggers, input and output interfaces, GSM communication modules and time-delay relay boards) are purchased outsourced.

The technical data of the present utility model is set as:

·Weighing accuracy: ≤±3%;

·Working temperature range: -10～+50℃

·Working relative humidity: ≥90%

The data tested and sent are:

1. Obtain the runoff entry time and full bucket time;

2. Obtain the weighing data of the weighing tipper each time.

The working principle of the utility model is:

①In the initial state (when there is no runoff), the opening of the weighing tipping bucket 4 (represented by the dotted line in Figure 1) faces downward, as shown in the dotted line position of the tipping bucket in Figure 1, and the movable water inlet pipe 13 is also in the water flow bypass position (moved to the dotted line position) ;

②When runoff occurs, the JC contact of the runoff trigger (see Figure 10) is closed, the relay J1 in the delay relay board YJ is closed, and the device is powered on; after starting, the host computer W sends a control command to make the relay in the delay relay board J1 always keeps pulling in; at the same time, the host sends out a control command to make the relay J3 in the motor control board pull in, the dump motor M1 is energized, and the dump lever 7 is moved (turning in the opposite direction to the arrow F) the tip 9, and the weighing The heavy tipping bucket 4 turns back to the water receiving position (the solid line position in Fig. 1), and the tipping bucket locking device 11 locks the weighing tipping bucket 4. After the weighing tipping bucket 4 is locked, the limit switch XJ3 is disconnected, and the tipping bucket motor M1 is turned off. Power off; the load cell 3 weighs the initial value as the initial value for deducting the tare weight;

③The main engine W issues a control command to make the relay J4 in the motor control board pull in, the moving pipe motor M2 is energized and rotates, and the water pipe shift fork 17 is moved to move the movable pipe 13-1 to the water filling position in the tipping bucket (aligned with the bypass funnel Inlet pipe 13-2), at this time the limit switch XJ4 is pushed open, and the moving pipeline motor M2 is powered off;

④ When the muddy water is injected, the weighing sensor 3 starts to work, and transmits the data to the secondary instrument Y through the signal line, and the instrument sends the data to the host W through the RS232 communication port, and the host starts to judge whether the bucket is full;

⑤ When the weighing tipping bucket 4 is full, it begins to overflow along the overflow port 4-1 of the weighing tipping bucket 4. At this time, the flow of muddy water entering the tipping bucket is basically equal to the flow of muddy water flowing out; the host weighs the weight through the load cell 3 no longer Rising and basically in a certain range in a balanced state, the bucket is considered to be full at this time; the host sends out a control command, the relay J5 in the control circuit pulls in and connects the motor power, the moving pipe motor 16 rotates, and the moving water pipe fork 17 will move forward. The water pipe 13 moves to the bypass position (still in the bypass funnel, but staggered from the water inlet pipe 13-2), at this time the limit switch XJ5 is pushed open, and the moving pipe motor is powered off;

⑥After being stable for a period of time, the main engine performs weighing comparison through the load cell 3. When the data change is found to be ≤0.002kg, it is considered stable and weighed, and the start time of water filling, full bucket time, and scale weight are passed through the GSM The module sends the data through the mobile wireless network;

⑦ After the data transmission is completed, the host sends out a control command, and the relay J2 pulls in to connect the power supply of the dump motor M1, and the motor drives the dump lever 7 to rotate together (in the direction of arrow F), and the tip 9 is turned to turn the weighing dump 4 into operation 180 degrees (the position of the dotted line in Figure 1), the tipping bucket is rewound to throw away the muddy water (if the weighing tipping bucket 4 turns over and runs more than 180 degrees, the limit switch XJ2 will be pushed up to ensure that the tipping bucket motor M1 is powered off and stopped); stable After a period of time, the host sends out a control command, the relay J3 pulls in and connects the power supply of the motor M1, and the tipping bucket motor M1 drives the tipping bucket lever 7 to reversely toggle (turning in the opposite direction to the arrow F) the tipping bucket knob 9, and the weighing tipping bucket 4 Turn back to the position where the water is received; the host will weigh the tare again through the load cell 3 to prepare for the next weighing to deduct the tare;

⑧Restart the operation according to the previous process ③.

⑨If the weighing tipper 4 cannot be full at the end of the runoff, and the load cell 3 continuously weighs for 1 hour and finds that the bucket is not full, the host will record the end time of the runoff, and send the end time through the mobile wireless network through the GSM module Go out; at the same time, the host sends out a control command, the relay J5 pulls in, and the power supply of the moving pipe motor M2 is connected. After the motor drives the water pipe shift fork 17 to move the movable water inlet pipe 13 to the bypass position, the limit switch XJ5 is pushed open to make the motor M2 is powered off; the host sends out a control command again, and the relay J2 pulls in to connect the power supply of the dump motor M1, which drives the dump lever 7 to rotate (in the direction of arrow F), and applies force to the tip 9 to make the weighing dump 4 turn over and run for 180 Speed, the tipping bucket rewinds and throws away the remaining muddy water; the host sends out a control command again, the relay J1 in the delay relay board is released, the system is powered off, and the whole system returns to the initial state.

In addition, in the schematic diagram of the control circuit shown in Fig. 10, there is also a motor control board DK.

Claims (3)

1, the soil erosion real time monitoring instrument water mechanism that inclines automatically, it is characterized in that this water mechanism that inclines comprise a horizontal location on the frame of weighing and rotating rotation axis (10) and be fixed on motor (M1) on the frame of weighing; An end of fixing tipping bucket of weighing (4) and rotation axis on the rotation axis also connects a tipping bucket shifting block (9), fixes a tipping bucket driving lever (7) on the tipping bucket motor shaft and so that force in the tipping bucket shifting block the described tipping bucket of weighing is rotated.

2, the soil erosion real time monitoring instrument according to claim 1 water mechanism that inclines automatically is characterized in that described tipping bucket shifting block (9) is rotatably positioned the end at toggle-action lever (9-2), and the other end of toggle-action lever is fixed on the rotation axis.

3, the soil erosion real time monitoring instrument according to claim 1 and 2 water mechanism that inclines automatically is characterized in that also being shaped on the described frame of weighing and is used to weigh the locking device of tipping bucket location.

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