CN209986196U - Automatic change centrifugal casting machine - Google Patents
Automatic change centrifugal casting machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN209986196U CN209986196U CN201920636516.3U CN201920636516U CN209986196U CN 209986196 U CN209986196 U CN 209986196U CN 201920636516 U CN201920636516 U CN 201920636516U CN 209986196 U CN209986196 U CN 209986196U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an automatic change centrifugal casting machine, this automatic change centrifugal casting machine include lower mould mechanism, upper die mechanism, rotary driving mechanism, compression moulding machine and preheat the mechanism. The automatic centrifugal casting machine can realize the function of centrifugal casting of the rotor and has the characteristics of good production quality of the cast rotor and the like; through special structural design, the preheating mechanism can keep electrified preheating when the lower die mechanism and the upper die mechanism rotate, so that the molding quality of the casting part is improved; in the processing process, except the operation of adding molten metal, other operations are not needed, the operation efficiency is higher, and the method has good practicability in actual production.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the casting field, concretely relates to change centrifugal casting machine.
Background
Fig. 1 shows a three-dimensional structural representation of a cast rotor. There is currently a cast rotor in the industry that includes a rotor core 101 and a cast portion that includes a first end cap 102, a second end cap 103, and a plurality of connecting bars cast inside the rotor core 101. For this kind of cast rotor, because first end cap 102 and second end cap 103 are connected through the connecting strip, and the connecting strip is moulded in the iron core inside, because the closure of first end cap 102 and second end cap 103 after the shaping, can't directly observe the connecting strip.
In addition, because the hole is more, the die cavity can not be filled completely in the short time after the molten metal gets into the die cavity, if the die cavity temperature is lower, the molten metal is the solidification of cooling at the flow in-process easily, leads to having embedded granule impurity in fashioned casting portion, and shaping quality is relatively poor.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to obtain the better casting rotor of quality, the utility model provides an automatic change centrifugal casting machine preheats the mechanism through addding, can be targeted keep die cavity temperature, improves the shaping quality of casting portion.
Correspondingly, the utility model provides an automatic centrifugal casting machine, which comprises a lower die mechanism, an upper die mechanism, a rotary driving mechanism, a die pressing mechanism and a preheating mechanism, wherein a central axis is arranged on the automatic centrifugal casting machine;
the lower die mechanism comprises a tray and a lower die, and the lower die is fixed on the tray; the lower die is provided with annular lower die cavity inner bulges and lower die cavity outer bulges, and the axes of the lower die cavity inner bulges, the lower die cavity outer bulges and the central axis are collinear;
the upper die mechanism comprises an active guide pillar, an active driving plate, an end cover die, a passive driving plate, a surrounding die, a guide pillar die and a passive guide pillar;
the lower end of the driving guide post is fixed on the tray, the axis of the driving guide post is parallel to the central axis, and the driving plate is in sliding fit with the driving guide post; the end cover die is fixed below the driving plate, and the axis of the end cover die is collinear with the central axis;
the passive driving plate and the surrounding mould are respectively positioned above and below the active driving plate; the middle part of the guide post die is in sliding fit with the driving drive plate, and two ends of the guide post die are respectively connected and fixed with the driven drive plate and the surrounding die; the axis of the guide post die is collinear with the central axis, the guide post die penetrates through the driving plate and is in sliding fit with the end cover die, and the upper end of the guide post die is fixedly connected with the driven driving plate;
the surrounding mould is provided with a rotor core hole along the axial direction, and the outer diameter of the end cover mould is matched with the inner diameter of the rotor core hole;
the output end of the rotary driving mechanism drives the tray to rotate along the central axis;
the die pressing mechanism is provided with an output end which moves along the direction of the central axis, and the output end is connected with the driving plate;
the preheating mechanism comprises a preheating winding, and the preheating winding surrounds the outer side of the lower die.
In an alternative embodiment, the rotary drive mechanism comprises a base plate and a rotary drive motor; the bottom plate is fixed, the rotary driving motor body is fixed below the bottom plate, and the output end of the rotary driving motor penetrates through the bottom plate and is fixedly connected with the tray.
In an alternative embodiment, the tray is slidably fitted on the top surface of the bottom plate based on a steel ball ring.
In an optional embodiment, a rotating motor disc is arranged below the bottom plate, and the rotating motor disc is in sliding fit on the bottom plate based on a steel ball ring;
the rotating motor disc and the tray are fixedly connected based on an annular connecting piece penetrating through the bottom plate.
In an optional embodiment, the lower die mechanism comprises a die driving hydraulic cylinder, a die guide plate, a die driving guide column and a die driving module;
the die driving hydraulic cylinder body is fixed, and the output end of the die driving hydraulic cylinder faces to the lower part of the central axis and is connected with the die driving plate; the die guide plate is positioned below the die driving plate and is relatively fixed with the die driving hydraulic cylinder body; the pressing die driving guide column is in sliding fit with the pressing die guide plate, and two ends of the pressing die driving guide column are respectively connected and fixed with the pressing die driving plate and the pressing die driving module;
and the pressing die driving module is fixedly connected with the driving plate.
In an optional embodiment, the automatic centrifugal casting machine further comprises a bottom plate, and the lower die mechanism further comprises a die fixing guide pillar and a die fixing plate;
the two ends of the pressing die fixing guide column are respectively connected and fixed with the bottom plate and the pressing die fixing plate, the pressing die guide plate is fixed in the middle of the pressing die fixing guide column, and the pressing die driving plate is in sliding fit with the pressing die fixing guide column;
the driving hydraulic cylinder body is fixed on the die fixing plate, and the output end of the driving hydraulic cylinder penetrates through the die fixing plate to be fixedly connected with the die driving plate.
In an optional implementation manner, the die driving module includes an annular upper plate, an annular middle plate and an annular lower plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and integrally connected;
the inner diameters of the annular upper plate and the annular lower plate are smaller than the outer diameter of the driving plate, and the inner diameter of the annular middle plate is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the driving plate;
the drive plate fits between the annular upper plate and the annular lower plate.
In an optional embodiment, the preheating mechanism comprises a preheating winding, a first arc electrode and a second arc electrode which are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the tray and are insulated from each other, and a first electrode roller and a second electrode roller which are symmetrically arranged outside the outer wall of the tray;
a first electrode and a second electrode are respectively led out of two poles of the preheating winding, the first electrode is connected with the first arc electrode, and the second electrode is connected with the second arc electrode;
first electrode gyro wheel and second electrode gyro wheel are laminated respectively on the tray outer wall, first electrode gyro wheel and second electrode gyro wheel height with first pitch arc electrode, second pitch arc electrode height are the same.
In an optional implementation mode, the lower die mechanism further comprises a thimble, a lower die cavity through hole is formed between the lower die cavity inner protrusion and the lower die cavity outer protrusion of the lower die, and the thimble is arranged in the lower die cavity through hole; a constant-pressure gap is arranged between the outer wall of the thimble and the inner wall of the through hole of the lower die cavity, and the size range of the constant-pressure gap is (0,0.1 mm).
In an alternative embodiment, the transition between the top surface of the surrounding mold and the rotor core bore is based on a bevel, which forms a funnel-shaped orifice.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an automatic centrifugal casting machine, this automatic centrifugal casting machine can realize the function of rotor centrifugal casting, has production efficiency height, characteristics such as equipment cost are low; through the special design of the preheating mechanism, the power-on preheating can be realized under the condition that the tray keeps rotating, and the molding quality of the casting part is improved; the lower die is designed through the clearance between the ejector pin and the through hole of the lower die cavity, so that the exhaust of gas during casting is facilitated, and the molding quality of a cast part is improved; the driving structure and the driven structure of the upper die mechanism are arranged, the motion driving of the surrounding die, the end cover die and the guide column die can be realized by only one driving piece, the structure is ingenious, the driving mode is simple, and the practicability is good; the rotary driving mechanism drives the lower die mechanism and the upper die mechanism to synchronously rotate by utilizing the tray, so that the function of centrifugal casting of the rotor is realized; the tray is matched on the bottom plate based on the steel ball ring, so that the whole stress is balanced, the movement is stable, the running resistance is small, and the driving of a rotary driving motor is facilitated; the die pressing mechanism drives the driving plate to move along the central axis direction by the die pressing splint module without blocking the rotation of the driving plate, so that the die pressing mechanism has good practicability; in the processing process, except the operation of adding molten metal, other operations are not needed, the operation efficiency is higher, and the method has good practicability in actual production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. Fig. 1 shows a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a rotary robot according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a cast aluminum rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a partially enlarged schematic view of a rotor of an embodiment of the invention at a viewing angle a;
fig. 3 shows a partially enlarged schematic view of a cast aluminum rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention at a viewing angle b;
fig. 4 shows a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of an automated centrifugal casting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 shows a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a lower die mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 shows a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of an upper die mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view showing a rotary drive mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 shows a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the die pressing mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 shows a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the preheating mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an automated centrifugal casting machine according to step S1 of the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of an automated centrifugal casting machine according to step S2 of the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of an automated centrifugal casting machine in step S3 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the cast aluminum rotor schematic view of the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 shows the rotor local enlargement schematic view at the a viewing angle of the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 3 shows the cast aluminum rotor local enlargement schematic view at the b viewing angle of the embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a cast rotor mould for cast aluminium rotor 10. The cast aluminum rotor 10 includes a rotor core 101 and a cast portion including a first end cover 102, a second end cover 103, and a plurality of tie bars cast into the rotor core 101.
Specifically, the shaft part of the rotor core 101 is provided with a through shaft hole 104 for connecting and driving a transmission shaft; a first step 111 is formed between the top surface of the rotor core 101 and the shaft hole 104, and the bottom surface of the rotor core 101 is a flat bottom surface 112; in addition, a plurality of through-cast through holes 110 are uniformly arranged in the rotor core 101 in the circumferential direction; connecting bars (not shown) are formed in the casting through holes, two ends of the connecting bars are respectively connected with the first end cover 102 and the second end cover 103, and the first end cover 102, the second end cover 103 and the conducting bars are combined to form a squirrel-cage-shaped rotor winding.
In addition, a plurality of weights are respectively disposed on the first end cover 102 and the second end cover 103, and for convenience of description, the weight on the first end cover 102 is named as a first weight 121, and the weight on the second end cover 103 is named as a second weight 131.
Fig. 4 shows a three-dimensional structure diagram of an automated centrifugal casting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. The automatic centrifugal casting machine provided by the embodiment of the utility model comprises a lower die mechanism 20, an upper die mechanism 30, a rotary driving mechanism 40, a die pressing mechanism 50 and a preheating mechanism 60; the upper die mechanism 20 and the upper die mechanism 30 are respectively matched with the rotor core 10 to form a die cavity, wherein a casting through hole in the rotor core 10 is used for forming a connecting bar, the lower die mechanism 20 is used for forming a second end cover, and the upper die mechanism 30 is used for forming a first end cover; the rotary driving mechanism 40 is used for driving the upper die mechanism 20 and the upper die mechanism 30 to integrally rotate, and the die pressing mechanism 50 is used for providing a certain pressure to the die cavity to ensure the molding quality of the casting part; the preheating mechanism 60 is used to preheat the upper die mechanism 20, the upper die mechanism 30, and the rotor core 10, thereby improving the molding quality of the cast portion.
Fig. 5 shows the three-dimensional structure diagram of the lower mold mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention, and for the sake of clarity, the lower mold mechanism structure is illustrated, and a part of the structure of the lower mold mechanism is cut open, wherein the black surface is a cutting surface. The utility model discloses lower mould mechanism 20 includes bed die 201 and thimble 211, and is right for more clear the utility model discloses casting rotor mold's structure explains the utility model discloses axis on the virtual root space is as the central axis 90 among the casting rotor mold.
In addition, in order to fix the lower mold 201, the cast rotor mold according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes a tray 406; the tray 406 is provided with two connecting blocks 408 which are respectively arranged at two sides of the central axis; the lower die 201 is fixed on the top surfaces of the two connecting blocks 408, and the mounting positions of the lower die are raised based on the two connecting blocks 408; the bottom surface of lower mold 201 is partially suspended, and ejector pins 211 can be inserted from the suspended position.
Specifically, the lower mold 201 of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a lower mold cavity 204. In order to form the lower mold cavity 204, the lower mold 201 is provided with a lower mold cavity inner protrusion 203 at the inner side of the lower mold cavity 204, the lower mold 201 is provided with a lower mold cavity outer protrusion 202 at the outer side of the lower mold cavity 204, and the lower mold 201 is provided with a lower mold cavity through hole 205 at the bottom of the lower mold cavity 204, namely, between the lower mold cavity inner protrusion 203 and the lower mold cavity outer protrusion 202; ejector pins 211 are disposed in the lower mold cavity through holes 205.
In order to fix the ejector pins 211 conveniently, an ejector pin fixing plate 210 is arranged at the lower part of the lower die 201, the ejector pin fixing plate 210 is fixed below the lower die 201, the lower ends of the ejector pins 211 are fixed on the ejector pin fixing plate 210, and the upper ends of the ejector pins 211 extend into the corresponding lower die cavity through holes 205.
With reference to the above description about the rotor core structure, aiming at the cast rotor structure of the embodiment of the present invention, the end surface of the protrusion 203 in the lower mold cavity of the embodiment of the present invention contacts with the bottom surface of the rotor core for sealing the shaft hole of the rotor core; the lower die cavity outer bulge 202 surrounds the outer wall of the rotor core, and the inner wall of the lower die cavity outer bulge 202 is matched with the outer wall of the rotor core and used for positioning the rotor core and sealing a lower die cavity.
In specific implementation, considering the manufacturing tolerance of the rotor core and considering the problem of the sealing performance of the lower die cavity 204, the maximum value of the line diameter difference between the outer wall of the rotor core and the inner wall of the outer protrusion 202 of the lower die cavity needs to be controlled within the range of 0.5mm, namely, in the design process, the line diameter of the inner wall of the outer protrusion 202 of the lower die cavity is added with 0.5mm on the basis of the maximum value of the outer diameter of the rotor core; assuming that the maximum value of the outer diameter of the rotor core (including the manufacturing error of the rotor core) is D, the inner diameter of the outer protrusion 202 of the lower mold cavity is D +0.5 mm.
Because the rotor core needs to be preheated before operation, the rotor core can expand, so that the outer wall of the rotor core is tightly attached to the inner wall of the outer bulge 202 of the lower die cavity to form sealing, and molten metal is prevented from flowing out. It should be noted that the lower mold 201 also needs to be preheated before operation, but due to size difference and material difference, the expansion degree of the lower mold cavity outer protrusion 202 is smaller than that of the rotor core, so that the rotor core outer wall can be tightly fitted on the inner wall of the lower mold cavity outer protrusion 202.
Lower mold cavity through hole 205 and ejector pin 211 are used to form a second counterweight on the second end cap, wherein ejector pin 211 is disposed in lower mold cavity through hole 205, and a constant pressure gap with a certain distance is formed between the outer wall of ejector pin 211 and the inner wall of lower mold cavity through hole 205; specifically, the constant pressure gap size ranges from (0,0.1 mm).
During specific operation, molten metal needs to flow into the lower die cavity from the top surface of the rotor core through the casting through holes, and at the beginning of operation, the molten metal can temporarily seal the plurality of casting through holes and the lower die cavity due to the fact that the molten metal completely covers the top surface of the rotor core. If a constant pressure gap is not arranged, air between the casting through hole and the lower die cavity cannot be discharged from other places, on one hand, due to the fact that air pressure is balanced, the flowing speed of the molten metal is slow, the temperature reduction speed of the molten metal is fast, the fluidity of the molten metal can be weakened, and the quality of a formed casting part is poor; on the other hand, air can only form bubbles in the molten metal on one of the casting through holes according to the instantaneous air pressure relationship to be discharged, so that the uncertainty of the flow of the molten metal is enhanced, and the production quality of each cast rotor is difficult to ensure when the molten metal is unstable during forming; meanwhile, the generation of bubbles deteriorates the molding quality of the molten metal, and also causes unevenness in the distribution of the molten metal in each casting through-hole, resulting in deterioration of the molding quality of the cast portion.
Therefore, the utility model discloses the structure corresponding to the second balancing piece in lower die cavity 204 of embodiment comprises lower die cavity through-hole 205 and thimble 211, has the constant voltage clearance between thimble 211 and the lower die cavity through-hole 205, and the effect in constant voltage clearance is used for at the operation initial stage, the air in discharge casting through-hole and the lower die cavity. In specific implementation, before the operation starts, the thimble 211 is not preheated, and the constant pressure gap is increased and the gas exhaust speed is increased due to the heating expansion of the lower die 201; when the molten metal flows into the lower mold cavity through hole 205, the molten metal contacts the ejector pin 211 and fills the constant-pressure gap; the metal liquid is cooled, the fluidity is weakened until the metal liquid is solidified, and the metal liquid is sealed in a constant-pressure gap which is filled with the metal liquid. Because the amount of gas in the lower die cavity 204 and the casting through holes is greatly reduced or completely exhausted at this stage, the quality of the finally formed cast part is better; because the size of the constant-pressure gap is small, the finally formed casting part only needs to be cleaned simply by waste materials on the surface of the second balance block, the required casting part can be obtained, and the operation is simple.
It should be noted that the axis of lower mold cavity inner projection 203, the axis of lower mold cavity outer projection 202 and central axis 90 are collinear, and the axis of thimble 211 is parallel to the central axis.
Fig. 6 shows the three-dimensional structure diagram of the upper die mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein, for the sake of clarity, the upper die mechanism structure is illustrated, and the partial structure of the upper die mechanism is cut open, wherein the black surface is a cutting surface. The utility model discloses upper die mechanism 30 includes initiative guide pillar 303, initiative drive plate 305, end cover mould 310, passive drive plate 302, surrounds mould 308, guide pillar mould 309 and passive guide pillar 307.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the axes of the three active guide pillars 303 are parallel to the central axis, the lower ends of the three active guide pillars 303 are fixed on the tray 406 (see fig. 5), and the upper ends of the three active guide pillars 303 are connected and fixed with a guide pillar fixing member 301. The driving plates 305 are respectively matched on the three driving guide posts 303 in a sliding manner based on the driving sliding sleeves 306; an end cap mold 310 is fixed below the active drive plate 305, and the end cap mold 309 is coaxial with the central axis 90.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the passive driving plate 302 is disposed above the active driving plate 305, and the surrounding mold 308 is disposed below the active driving plate 305; the passive post 307 axis is collinear with the central axis 90, and the passive post 307 is a sliding fit on the active drive plate 305; two ends of the passive guide pillar 307 are respectively connected and fixed with the passive driving plate 302 and the surrounding mold 308; specifically, the surrounding mold 308 is axially provided with a rotor core hole, and the rotor core hole is collinear with the central axis 90; the rotor core hole surrounding the die 308 is in slope transition with the top surface to form a funnel-shaped hole for pouring molten metal; the diameter of the rotor core hole line is matched with the outer diameter of the rotor core.
The guide post die 309 is coaxial with the central axis 90, and the guide post die 309 has an upper end fixed to the passive drive plate 302 and a lower end passing through the active drive plate 305 and slidably fitted in the end cap die 310. The guide pillar die 309 sequentially forms a shaft hole matching section 313, a step matching section 312 and an end cover matching section 311 with gradually increasing wire diameters from the lower end face. Specifically, shaft hole cooperation section 313 with rotor core's shaft hole cooperatees, step cooperation section 312 with rotor core's first step cooperatees, and end cover cooperation section 311 is used for the inside wall of the first end cover of shaping.
During specific operation, firstly, the driving plate 305 moves upwards along the direction of the central axis 90, the end cover mold 310 moves upwards synchronously, meanwhile, the driven driving plate 304 is driven by the driving plate 305 to move upwards synchronously, and correspondingly, the guide post mold 309 and the surrounding mold 308 connected with the driven driving plate 304 move upwards synchronously; after the rotor core is set on the lower mold mechanism, the driving plate 305 moves downward along the central axis direction.
In the descending process of the driving plate 305, the driven driving plate 304 synchronously moves downwards under the action of gravity, the guide post die 309 is firstly matched on the rotor core, the shaft hole matching section 313 of the guide post die 309 is matched on the shaft hole of the rotor core, and the step matching section 312 is matched on the first step of the rotor core to seal the first step; since the guide post mold 309 is fixedly connected with the driven driving plate 305, and the surrounding mold 308 is fixedly connected with the driven driving plate 305 based on the driven guide post 307, when the guide post mold 309 is fitted on the rotor core, the surrounding mold 308 is synchronously surrounded outside the rotor core; the lower portion of the rotor core bore surrounding the mold 308 fits outside the rotor core, and the upper portion of the rotor core bore combines with the bottom surface of the end cap mold 310 in a subsequent step to form an upper mold cavity.
After the guide post die 309 is matched on the rotor iron core, the driven driving plate 302, the guide post die 309, the driven guide post 307 and the surrounding die 308 stop moving at a limited position, and at the moment, a certain amount of molten metal can be added from the funnel-shaped orifice; then, the driving plate 305 continues to descend, and drives the end cover mold 310 to move downwards; the end cover die 310 moves downwards along the guide post die 309, enters from the funnel-shaped hole surrounding the die 308 and closes the rotor core hole, and the bottom surface of the end cover die 310, the inner wall surrounding the die 308 and the outer wall of the end cover matching section 311 form an upper die cavity together; at the moment, the upper die cavity, the casting through hole and the lower die cavity are communicated to form a complete die cavity together.
In the casting rotor forming process, the structure of the casting rotor die provided by the embodiment of the invention can be obtained, the surrounding die and the guide post die only receive the radial acting force of the molten metal, and the lower die is fixed, so that the lower die can also consider only receive the radial acting force of the molten metal (the axial acting force and the supporting force are offset), therefore, in the embodiment of the invention, the surrounding die, the guide post die and the lower die do not need to perform stress analysis in the axial direction, only positioning is accurate, and the realization process is simpler; the embodiment of the utility model provides an in, only the end cover mould receives the radial force of molten metal to it, consequently, among the concrete implementation, can consider to increase the weight of initiative drive plate or exert external force in order to guarantee that the end cover mould has certain pressure to the die cavity.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the rotary drive mechanism 40 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The rotary drive mechanism 40 of the embodiment of the present invention includes a bottom plate 411, a rotary drive motor 401, and a tray 406. The bottom plate 411 is fixed, the body of the rotary driving motor 401 is fixed below the bottom plate 411, and the output end of the rotary driving motor 401 penetrates through the bottom plate 411 and is connected with the tray 406.
In specific implementation, considering the stability of transmission, the output end of the rotary driving motor 401 of the embodiment of the present invention is connected to the tray 406 based on the rotary connecting block 405 of coaxial connection; in consideration of the positioning and the movement smoothness of the rotary connecting block 405, the rotary driving bearing 404 is embedded on the bottom plate 411, and the rotary connecting block 405 is matched on the rotary driving bearing 404.
In a specific implementation, considering that the weight carried by the tray 406 is heavy, in order to increase the motion smoothness of the tray 406 and reduce the friction between the tray 406 and the bottom plate 411, a sliding fit is realized between the tray 406 and the bottom plate 411 based on the steel ball ring 420.
In addition, on one hand, the rotating speed of the tray 406 needs to be measured in real time to obtain operation data, on the other hand, the injection of molten metal needs to be avoided, and in order to facilitate a worker to operate from a fixed direction, a trigger 407 is fixed on the connecting block 408, a contact sensor 409 is fixed on the top surface of the bottom plate 411, the trigger 407 synchronously rotates along with the tray 406, and when the molten metal passes through the upper part of the stroke of the contact sensor 409, the contact sensor 409 is triggered to send an induction signal; when the movement of the tray 407 is static, the trigger 407 is just above the stroke of the contact sensor 409, and by the design, the tray 407 can be in a relatively fixed position when being static, which is beneficial to the operation of operators.
In addition, in order to assist the assembly, movement and operation of the automatic centrifugal casting machine of the embodiment of the present invention, the rotation driving mechanism 40 of the embodiment of the present invention further includes a base 400, a fixing leg 412, a pulley 413, a rotating electrical machine fixing plate 402, and a rotating electrical machine disk 403. Specifically, the bottom plate 411 is fixed on the base 400, and the base 400 is integrally cast or welded and grouted, so that the overall weight is large, vibration caused by the rotation of the driving motor 401 is reduced, the center of gravity of the whole automatic centrifugal casting machine is lowered, and the motion stability of the lower die mechanism and the upper die mechanism during rotation is improved; the rotating motor fixing plate 402 is fixed below the bottom plate 411, and the body of the rotating drive motor 401 is fixed below the bottom plate 411 based on the rotating motor fixing plate 402; the rotating motor disc 403 is arranged between the rotating top-stage fixing plate 402 and the bottom plate 411, and the rotating motor disc 403 is connected with the bottom plate 411 based on a steel ball ring 420; the rotary motor disc 403 and the tray 406 are fixedly connected through an annular connecting piece, and the annular connecting piece surrounds the rotary driving bearing 404 and is used for fixing the position of the rotary driving bearing 404; the bottom of the base 400 is simultaneously provided with a fixed foot 412 and a pulley 413, the whole axial length of the fixed foot 412 can be adjusted, when the automatic centrifugal casting machine needs to move, the length of the fixed foot 412 is adjusted to be small, the base 400 is in contact with the ground based on the pulley 413 and can be pushed, when the automatic centrifugal casting machine needs to be fixedly positioned, the length of the fixed foot 412 is adjusted to be large, and the base 400 is in contact with the ground based on the fixed foot 412; the bottom plate 411 is further fixed with a fixing shaft sleeve 410 for fixing the compression molding mechanism 50, and the structure of the compression molding mechanism 50 will be described later.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the compression molding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention. The utility model discloses die pressing mechanism 50 includes moulding-die fixed guide pillar 501, moulding-die deflector 502, moulding-die drive board 504, moulding-die fixed plate 505, moulding-die drive pneumatic cylinder 506, moulding-die drive guide pillar 503 and moulding-die drive module.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the fixing shaft sleeve 410 is fixed on the bottom plate. The lower end of the die fixing guide column 501 is fixed on the fixing shaft sleeve 410, and the die fixing plate 505 is fixed at the upper end of the die fixing guide column 501; the die guide plate 502 is fixed in the middle of the die fixing guide post 501; a die driving plate 504 is slidably fitted on the die fixing guide posts 501, and the die driving plate 504 is located between the die fixing plate 505 and the die guide plate 502.
The axis of a die driving hydraulic cylinder 506 is collinear with the central axis, the body of the die driving hydraulic cylinder 506 is fixed on a die fixing plate 505, and the output shaft of the die driving hydraulic cylinder 506 penetrates through the die fixing plate 505 and is fixedly connected with a die driving plate 504. The axis of the die driving guide post 503 is collinear with the central axis, the die driving guide post 503 is slidably fitted on the die guide plate 502, and both ends of the die driving guide post are respectively connected and fixed with the die driving plate 504 and the die driving module.
The die pressing driving module comprises an annular upper plate 508, an annular middle plate 509 and an annular lower plate 510 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and integrally connected, wherein the inner diameter of the annular middle plate 509 is smaller than that of the annular upper plate 508 and that of the annular lower plate 510. Specifically, the sizes of the annular upper plate 508, the annular middle plate 509 and the annular lower plate 510 are matched with the size of the driving plate 305, the inner diameters of the annular upper plate 508 and the annular lower plate 510 are smaller than the outer diameter of the driving plate 305, and the inner diameter of the annular middle plate 509 is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the driving plate 305; the active drive plate 305 fits between an annular upper plate 508 and an annular lower plate 510. Through the arrangement mode, on one hand, the output end of the die driving hydraulic cylinder 506 is converted from surface output with a smaller action area to surface output with a larger action area of the die driving plate 504, and the pressure distribution is more balanced; the die driving plate 504 is in sliding fit with the die fixing guide posts 501, so that the movement direction of the die driving plate 504 is consistent with the direction of the central axis, the mounting precision of the die driving hydraulic cylinder 506 can be reduced, and the assembly efficiency of the automatic centrifugal casting machine is improved; because the contact surface between the annular upper plate 508 and the driving plate 305 is an annular plane, the pressure applied by the compression molding mechanism to the driving plate is relatively even, and the moving direction and the moving stability of the driving plate 305 can be ensured.
In a specific implementation, the movement of the output shaft of the die driving hydraulic cylinder 506 is controlled, when the output shaft retracts, the die driving plate 504 is driven to move upwards, and synchronously, the die driving plate 504 drives the die driving module to move upwards based on the die driving guide pillar 503, so as to drive the driving plate 305 to move upwards; similarly, when the output shaft is extended, the drive plate 305 is driven downward. Specifically, the purpose of automatically controlling the upper die mechanism can be realized by combining the operation principle of the upper die mechanism introduced above.
Fig. 9 shows a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the preheating mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention. The utility model discloses preheat mechanism 60 includes that preheating winding 600, symmetrical arrangement are in on the tray 406 outer wall and mutual insulating first pitch arc electrode 611 and second pitch arc electrode 612, symmetrical arrangement are in first electrode gyro wheel 621 and second electrode gyro wheel 622 outside the tray 406 outer wall. In the embodiment of the present invention, the preheating winding 600 is enclosed outside the lower mold and the rotor core, and the two poles of the preheating winding 600 are respectively led out of the first electrode 601 and the second electrode 602, wherein the first electrode 601 is connected with the first arc electrode 611, and the second electrode 602 is connected with the second arc electrode 612; the first electrode roller 621 and the second electrode roller 622 are respectively attached to the outer wall of the tray 306, and are connected to the first arc electrode 611 or the second arc electrode 612 at corresponding positions.
In a specific implementation, the preheating winding 600, the first arc electrode 611 and the second arc electrode 612 move synchronously with the rotation of the tray, and the first arc electrode 611 (the second arc electrode 612) only contacts with the first electrode roller 621 or the second electrode roller 622 at the same time; through the utility model discloses preheating mechanism 60's design, at the casting machine operation initial stage, preheating mechanism 60 makes rotor core and bed die maintain the uniform temperature to realize the temperature balance of the inside molten metal of die cavity, be favorable to improving the shaping quality of casting portion. When the preheating is required to be stopped, the first electrode roller 621 and the second electrode roller 622 are powered off.
The utility model discloses automatic change centrifugal casting machine operation process as follows:
step S1: fig. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of an automated centrifugal casting machine according to step S1 of the embodiment of the present invention, and for clarity of illustration, only some parts participating in the operation are retained in fig. 10, specifically, only one of the plurality of guides at the same position is retained for illustration, and the parts not shown in fig. 10 can be understood in combination with the above description, and will not be described repeatedly below. Step S1 is a rotor core feeding operation stage, specifically, the output shaft of the die driving hydraulic cylinder 506 is retracted to drive the die driving plate 504, the die driving guide post 503 and the die clamping plate module to move to the upper side of the stroke; the annular upper plate 508, the annular middle plate 509 and the annular lower plate 510 of the die clamping plate module drive the driving plate 305 and the end cover die 310 to move to the upper part of the stroke; the active driving plate 305 drives the passive driving plate 302, the passive guide posts 307, the surrounding mold 308 and the guide post mold 309 to move to the upper part of the stroke. At this time, the upper die mechanism is completely separated from the lower die mechanism, and the operator sets the rotor core 10 on the lower die of the lower die mechanism 20;
step S2: fig. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of an automated centrifugal casting machine according to step S2 of the embodiment of the present invention, and for clarity of illustration, only some parts participating in the operation are retained in fig. 11, specifically, only one of the plurality of guides at the same position is retained for illustration, and the parts not shown in fig. 11 can be understood in combination with the above description, and will not be described repeatedly below. Based on the same transfer sequence as step S1, the output shaft of the die drive cylinder 506 is extended, the active drive plate 305 is moved downward, and the passive drive plate, the passive guide posts, the surrounding mold 308, and the guide post mold 309 are moved downward by gravity until the guide post mold 309 is fitted on the guide post 10. Specifically, in conjunction with the rotor structure shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the shaft hole fitting section 313 and the step fitting section 312 are respectively fitted on the shaft hole 104 and the first step 111 of the rotor core 10; simultaneously, the surrounding mold 308 surrounds the outer wall of the rotor core 10. At this time, the surrounding mold 308, the guide post mold 309 and the lower mold are preheated by the preheating mechanism, and then a fixed amount of molten metal is fed from the funnel-shaped orifice.
Step S3: fig. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of an automated centrifugal casting machine according to step S3 of the embodiment of the present invention, and for clarity of illustration, only some parts participating in the operation are retained in fig. 12, specifically, only one of the plurality of guides at the same position is retained for illustration, and the parts not shown in fig. 12 can be understood in combination with the above description, and the description is not repeated below. Based on the same transmission sequence as the steps S1 and S2, the output shaft of the die-driving hydraulic cylinder 506 continues to extend, and the driving plate 305 moves downward to drive the end cover mold 310 to move downward synchronously until the end cover mold 310 extends into the core hole of the rotor surrounding the mold 308; since the molten metal is injected, the end cover mold 310 cannot move continuously after moving for a certain stroke, and the output shaft pressure of the die-driven hydraulic cylinder 506 and the lower end of the end cover mold 310 are balanced in stress. At this time, an upper mold cavity is formed among the lower end surface of the end cover mold 310, the inner wall of the surrounding mold 308, and the end cover matching section 311, the lower mold cavity of the lower mold 201, the casting through hole in the rotor core 10, and the upper mold cavity together form a complete casting cavity, and the molten metal is molded into a casting part in the casting cavity. After the end cover die 310 extends into the core hole of the rotor surrounding the die 308, the rotary driving motor 401 is started to drive all the components on the tray 406 to synchronously rotate, at the moment, the preheating mechanism continuously operates, and after a certain time, the first electrode roller and the second electrode roller are powered off; finally, the rotation speed of the rotation driving motor 401 is gradually reduced, and when the driving tray 406 is decelerated to a certain degree, the rotation driving motor 401 is forcibly stopped when the trigger 407 triggers the contact sensor 409 again.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an automatic centrifugal casting machine, this automatic centrifugal casting machine can realize the function of rotor centrifugal casting, has production efficiency height, characteristics such as equipment cost are low; through the special design of the preheating mechanism, the power-on preheating can be realized under the condition that the tray keeps rotating, and the molding quality of the casting part is improved; the lower die is designed through the clearance between the ejector pin and the through hole of the lower die cavity, so that the exhaust of gas during casting is facilitated, and the molding quality of a cast part is improved; the driving structure and the driven structure of the upper die mechanism are arranged, the motion driving of the surrounding die, the end cover die and the guide column die can be realized by only one driving piece, the structure is ingenious, the driving mode is simple, and the practicability is good; the rotary driving mechanism drives the lower die mechanism and the upper die mechanism to synchronously rotate by utilizing the tray, so that the function of centrifugal casting of the rotor is realized; the tray is matched on the bottom plate based on the steel ball ring, so that the whole stress is balanced, the movement is stable, the running resistance is small, and the driving of a rotary driving motor is facilitated; the die pressing mechanism drives the driving plate to move along the central axis direction by the die pressing splint module without blocking the rotation of the driving plate, so that the die pressing mechanism has good practicability; in the processing process, except the operation of adding molten metal, other operations are not needed, the operation efficiency is higher, and the method has good practicability in actual production.
The above detailed description is made on an automatic centrifugal casting robot provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the specific examples are applied herein to explain the principle and the implementation of the present invention, and the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present invention, there are changes in the specific implementation and application scope, to sum up, the content of the present specification should not be understood as the limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic centrifugal casting machine is characterized by comprising a lower die mechanism, an upper die mechanism, a rotary driving mechanism, a die pressing mechanism and a preheating mechanism, wherein a central axis is arranged on the automatic centrifugal casting machine;
the lower die mechanism comprises a tray and a lower die, and the lower die is fixed on the tray; the lower die is provided with annular lower die cavity inner bulges and lower die cavity outer bulges, and the axes of the lower die cavity inner bulges, the lower die cavity outer bulges and the central axis are collinear;
the upper die mechanism comprises an active guide pillar, an active driving plate, an end cover die, a passive driving plate, a surrounding die, a guide pillar die and a passive guide pillar;
the lower end of the driving guide post is fixed on the tray, the axis of the driving guide post is parallel to the central axis, and the driving plate is in sliding fit with the driving guide post; the end cover die is fixed below the driving plate, and the axis of the end cover die is collinear with the central axis;
the passive driving plate and the surrounding mould are respectively positioned above and below the active driving plate; the middle part of the guide post die is in sliding fit with the driving drive plate, and two ends of the guide post die are respectively connected and fixed with the driven drive plate and the surrounding die; the axis of the guide post die is collinear with the central axis, the guide post die penetrates through the driving plate and is in sliding fit with the end cover die, and the upper end of the guide post die is fixedly connected with the driven driving plate;
the surrounding mould is provided with a rotor core hole along the axial direction, and the outer diameter of the end cover mould is matched with the inner diameter of the rotor core hole;
the output end of the rotary driving mechanism drives the tray to rotate along the central axis;
the die pressing mechanism is provided with an output end which moves along the direction of the central axis, and the output end is connected with the driving plate;
the preheating mechanism comprises a preheating winding, and the preheating winding surrounds the outer side of the lower die.
2. The automated centrifugal caster of claim 1, wherein said rotational drive mechanism comprises a base plate and a rotational drive motor; the bottom plate is fixed, the rotary driving motor body is fixed below the bottom plate, and the output end of the rotary driving motor penetrates through the bottom plate and is fixedly connected with the tray.
3. An automated centrifugal caster according to claim 2, wherein said tray is a sliding fit on said top surface of said base plate based on a ring of steel balls.
4. An automated centrifugal casting machine according to claim 2, wherein a rotating motor disk is provided below the bottom plate, the rotating motor disk being slidably fitted on the bottom plate based on a steel ball ring;
the rotating motor disc and the tray are fixedly connected based on an annular connecting piece penetrating through the bottom plate.
5. The automated centrifugal caster of claim 1, wherein said lower die mechanism comprises a die drive hydraulic cylinder, a die guide plate, a die drive guide post and a die drive module;
the die driving hydraulic cylinder body is fixed, and the output end of the die driving hydraulic cylinder faces to the lower part of the central axis and is connected with the die driving plate; the die guide plate is positioned below the die driving plate and is relatively fixed with the die driving hydraulic cylinder body; the pressing die driving guide column is in sliding fit with the pressing die guide plate, and two ends of the pressing die driving guide column are respectively connected and fixed with the pressing die driving plate and the pressing die driving module;
and the pressing die driving module is fixedly connected with the driving plate.
6. The automated centrifugal caster of claim 5, wherein said automated centrifugal caster further comprises a base plate, said lower die mechanism further comprises a die fixing guide post and a die fixing plate;
the two ends of the pressing die fixing guide column are respectively connected and fixed with the bottom plate and the pressing die fixing plate, the pressing die guide plate is fixed in the middle of the pressing die fixing guide column, and the pressing die driving plate is in sliding fit with the pressing die fixing guide column;
the driving hydraulic cylinder body is fixed on the die fixing plate, and the output end of the driving hydraulic cylinder penetrates through the die fixing plate to be fixedly connected with the die driving plate.
7. The automated centrifugal casting machine according to claim 5, wherein the die driving module comprises an annular upper plate, an annular middle plate and an annular lower plate which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom and connected integrally;
the inner diameters of the annular upper plate and the annular lower plate are smaller than the outer diameter of the driving plate, and the inner diameter of the annular middle plate is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the driving plate;
the drive plate fits between the annular upper plate and the annular lower plate.
8. The automated centrifugal casting machine according to claim 1, wherein the preheating mechanism comprises a preheating winding, a first arc electrode and a second arc electrode which are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the tray and are insulated from each other, and a first electrode roller and a second electrode roller which are symmetrically arranged outside the outer wall of the tray;
a first electrode and a second electrode are respectively led out of two poles of the preheating winding, the first electrode is connected with the first arc electrode, and the second electrode is connected with the second arc electrode;
first electrode gyro wheel and second electrode gyro wheel are laminated respectively on the tray outer wall, first electrode gyro wheel and second electrode gyro wheel height with first pitch arc electrode, second pitch arc electrode height are the same.
9. The automated centrifugal casting machine according to claim 1, wherein the lower die mechanism further comprises a thimble, the lower die having a lower die cavity through-hole between the lower die cavity inner protrusion and the lower die cavity outer protrusion, the thimble being disposed in the lower die cavity through-hole; a constant-pressure gap is arranged between the outer wall of the thimble and the inner wall of the through hole of the lower die cavity, and the size range of the constant-pressure gap is 0-0.1 mm.
10. An automated centrifugal caster according to claim 1, wherein said surrounding mold top surface transitions into said rotor core bore at a slope that forms a funnel-shaped opening.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920636516.3U CN209986196U (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2019-05-06 | Automatic change centrifugal casting machine |
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| CN201920636516.3U CN209986196U (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2019-05-06 | Automatic change centrifugal casting machine |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117259727A (en) * | 2023-11-22 | 2023-12-22 | 山西福森诺智能装备科技有限公司 | Low-pressure casting device and method for squirrel-cage rotor |
| CN117718456A (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-03-19 | 宁波力劲科技有限公司 | Multifunctional special casting platform and working method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-05-06 CN CN201920636516.3U patent/CN209986196U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117259727A (en) * | 2023-11-22 | 2023-12-22 | 山西福森诺智能装备科技有限公司 | Low-pressure casting device and method for squirrel-cage rotor |
| CN117718456A (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-03-19 | 宁波力劲科技有限公司 | Multifunctional special casting platform and working method thereof |
| CN117718456B (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-04-19 | 宁波力劲科技有限公司 | Multifunctional special casting platform and working method thereof |
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