CN209921595U - Wingspan-direction folding mechanism of unmanned aerial vehicle and unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents
Wingspan-direction folding mechanism of unmanned aerial vehicle and unmanned aerial vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN209921595U CN209921595U CN201920673271.1U CN201920673271U CN209921595U CN 209921595 U CN209921595 U CN 209921595U CN 201920673271 U CN201920673271 U CN 201920673271U CN 209921595 U CN209921595 U CN 209921595U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle wingspan folding mechanism and an unmanned aerial vehicle, the folding mechanism comprises a driving motor, a transmission shaft and a worm gear mechanism, the transmission shaft is connected with the output end of the driving motor, and the transmission shaft can rotate around the axis of the transmission shaft under the action of the driving motor; the worm and gear mechanisms are connected to the transmission shaft, the number of the worm and gear mechanisms is two, and each set of the worm and gear mechanism comprises a worm wheel and a worm matched with the worm wheel; each end of the transmission shaft is connected with a worm which is coaxial with the transmission shaft; when the transmission shaft rotates, the worm wheels at different ends of the transmission shaft rotate in opposite directions. The unmanned aerial vehicle adopts folding mechanism. Above folding mechanism not only can satisfy unmanned aerial vehicle deposit, carry or fly the in-process to the wing exhibition to folding requirement, simple structure, dependable performance simultaneously, can realize unmanned aerial vehicle both sides wing synchro control and self-locking function.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an aircraft technical field especially relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle wing is to folding mechanism and unmanned aerial vehicle.
Background
With the application and development of the unmanned aerial vehicle technology, the morphing wing unmanned aerial vehicle with the morphing wing starts to attract attention, and can change the area, the shape and the position of the wing; different flight states are realized to obtain better flight performance and flight modes in different states.
The wing folding and unfolding device is one of key technologies of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and has certain requirements on the structure and the control reliability.
The folding wing technology of current unmanned aerial vehicle mainly concentrates on the transportation, uses when carrying, and parking, and mostly be sweepback folding, but the folding mechanism that part expansion was to the fifty percent discount adopts the connecting rod formula, and its shortcoming is mostly changeable for the arm of force between its slewing mechanism and the connecting rod, changes thereupon along with the rotating position change moment, and the condition that probably causes includes, the unable complete expansion of wing, need with the help of aerodynamic lift, perhaps expandes folding rotational speed inhomogeneous, and the motion is not smooth.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Folding expansion device of current wing that proposes to the aforesaid mainly concentrates on the transportation, carries, and uses when parking, can expand and probably appear the unable complete expansion of wing to the folding mechanism of fifty percent discount in the use, need with the help of pneumatic lift, perhaps expand folding rotational speed inhomogeneous, technical problem that the motion is not fluent, the utility model provides an unmanned aerial vehicle wing is to folding mechanism and unmanned aerial vehicle. Above folding mechanism not only can satisfy unmanned aerial vehicle deposit, carry or fly the in-process to the wing exhibition to folding requirement, simple structure, dependable performance simultaneously, can realize unmanned aerial vehicle both sides wing synchro control and self-locking function.
To the above problem, the utility model provides a pair of unmanned aerial vehicle wing span is to folding mechanism and unmanned aerial vehicle come the solution problem through following technical essential: a wingspan-direction folding mechanism of an unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a driving motor, a transmission shaft and a worm gear mechanism, wherein the transmission shaft is connected with the output end of the driving motor, and can rotate around the axis of the transmission shaft under the action of the driving motor;
the worm and gear mechanisms are connected to the transmission shaft, the number of the worm and gear mechanisms is two, and each set of the worm and gear mechanism comprises a worm wheel and a worm matched with the worm wheel;
each end of the transmission shaft is connected with a worm which is coaxial with the transmission shaft;
when the transmission shaft rotates, the worm wheels at different ends of the transmission shaft rotate in opposite directions.
In the prior art, the folding mode of wings of an unmanned aerial vehicle is mostly sweepback folding; meanwhile, for the folding implementation mode of unfolding and folding, passive folding mechanisms such as springs and hinges are generally adopted, for example, a driving device and a link mechanism are adopted to be matched. It is structurally more complicated that the form that folding was realized to current based on drive arrangement and link mechanism, and driver part's rotation stroke is less, and the arm of force is short, requires the driving piece to need great moment of torsion, just can make the wing rotatory in short stroke, and the arm of force between its actuating mechanism and the connecting rod is mostly changeable, like this, along with the different moment of rotational position changes thereupon, the arm of force diminishes gradually when being close to the dead point position, and output torque grow, and the condition that probably causes includes: the wings can not be completely unfolded, and need to be lifted by virtue of aerodynamic force, or the wings are unfolded and folded at uneven rotating speed and are not smooth in movement.
In the scheme, the driving motor is used for driving the transmission shaft to rotate around the axis of the driving motor, and in the two sets of worm and gear mechanisms, as the worms coaxial with the transmission shaft are fixed at each end of the transmission shaft, corresponding worms synchronously rotate along with the transmission shaft when the transmission shaft rotates, and the worm rotates to drive the worm gears to rotate. The above definition is: due to the limitations: when the transmission shaft rotates, the worm wheels at different ends of the transmission shaft are opposite in rotation direction, and actually the rotation direction of the spiral teeth on the two worm gears is limited, namely: when one worm wheel drives the worm wheel matched with the worm wheel to rotate clockwise, the other worm wheel drives the worm wheel matched with the worm wheel to rotate anticlockwise, when the unmanned aerial vehicle is in specific use, the worm wheels on different worm wheel and worm mechanisms are connected with different wings, and the worm wheels are installed along the front and back directions of the unmanned aerial vehicle, namely the length direction of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the folding (up and down folding) synchronization of the wings of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be realized by the aid of the driving motors in the positive and negative rotation process.
Compared with the prior art, the structure can realize self-locking of the rotation angle of the wing through the worm gear mechanism, and the self-locking characteristic of the structure is utilized to ensure the stable state after rotation; meanwhile, the problem of synchronous control of wing unfolding on two sides of the unmanned aerial vehicle is solved, so that wing folding requirements of the unmanned aerial vehicle during storage and carrying can be met, and wing folding and unfolding can be realized in the flying process of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the structure does not relate to the force arm change between the driving device and the connecting mechanism when in work, so that the folding mechanism is adopted to realize the folding and unfolding of the wings, the folding and unfolding rotating speeds are uniform, and the movement is smooth; meanwhile, the scheme has simple structure, and has the characteristic of reliable performance because the corresponding transmission parts are few in number and are easy to obtain reliable connection or installation.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
as a simple structure, compact structure's driving motor and transmission shaft connected mode, set up to: the output end of the driving motor is connected with the transmission shaft through a bevel gear pair, and the bevel gear pair comprises a second bevel gear fixed on the transmission shaft and a first bevel gear fixed on the output end of the driving motor.
For the synchronism of optimizing two worm wheel rotations to do benefit to the synchronism of two wing actions, set up to: the fixing point of the second bevel gear on the transmission shaft is positioned in the middle of the transmission shaft.
In order to realize the accurate control of the staying position of the wing, the device is set as follows: the driving motor is a servo motor or a stepping motor.
As a person skilled in the art, although the above form using the servo motor and the stepping motor (stepping motor) can solve the problem of the stop position control accuracy well, it involves the problems of high cost, heavy weight and large volume, and in the case that the stepping motor and the servo motor cannot be selected due to the structure, the weight or the cost, the following is set: the driving motor is a brushless motor and further comprises a sensor for detecting the rotation angle of the wing or a limit sensor for limiting the rotation stop point of the wing. When the device is used specifically, the sensors are used for detecting the rotation angle of the wing, and the limit sensors are used for detecting the rotation arrival condition of the wing, so that the working state of the brushless motor is controlled through signal feedback. Preferably, the limit sensor may be a limit switch in consideration of cost.
The scheme also discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle which comprises a body, wings positioned on two sides of the body and the wingspan-direction folding mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle, wherein the driving motor and the transmission shaft are arranged on the body;
each worm gear is coaxially provided with a worm gear shaft;
each worm-gear shaft all matches there is connection lug, connection lug is fixed in on the fuselage, is provided with the through-hole on the connection lug, and each worm-gear shaft is retrained on the fuselage through connection lug with it matching: the worm wheel shaft penetrates through the through hole and is in clearance fit with the through hole;
the wings on the left side of the fuselage are fixedly connected with the worm gear shaft on the left side of the fuselage, and the wings on the right side of the fuselage are fixedly connected with the worm gear shaft on the right side of the fuselage; the axis direction of the worm wheel shaft is along the length direction of the machine body. In this scheme, when the transmission shaft is static, the fuselage passes through to the restraint of wing: the worm restrains the worm wheel and the connecting lug supports the worm wheel shaft; when the transmission shaft rotates, the worm can drive the worm wheel to rotate around the axis of the worm wheel shaft, so that the wings are turned over, and the folding and releasing actions are completed. Because this unmanned aerial vehicle adopts folding mechanism not only can realize the auto-lock of wing stop angle, and the wing expandes simultaneously and folding rotational speed is even, the motion is smooth, can accomplish the wing folding adjustment at unmanned aerial vehicle flight in-process, be favorable to simplifying unmanned aerial vehicle's structure and performance reliability on the whole.
For better restraining the orientation of the worm wheel shaft, the device is provided with: each worm wheel shaft penetrates through the worm wheel, and the two sides of each worm wheel are provided with connecting lugs for supporting the worm wheel shaft matched with the worm wheel shaft.
In order to optimize the stress of the worm wheel shaft, the stress optimization method comprises the following steps: each worm wheel shaft penetrates through a worm wheel, and the worm wheel shafts on the two sides of each worm wheel are provided with fixed connection points of the worm wheel shafts and the wings.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
this scheme provides folding mechanism and unmanned aerial vehicle, among the folding mechanism, driving motor is arranged in the drive transmission shaft around self axis rotation, and in two sets of worm gear mechanisms, because the transmission shaft each end all fixed with the coaxial worm of transmission shaft, like this, when the transmission shaft is rotatory, corresponding worm rotates along with the transmission shaft is synchronous, and above worm rotates and can drive the worm wheel and rotate. The above definition is: due to the limitations: when the transmission shaft rotates, the worm wheels at different ends of the transmission shaft are opposite in rotation direction, and actually the rotation direction of the spiral teeth on the two worm gears is limited, namely: when one worm wheel drives the worm wheel matched with the worm wheel to rotate clockwise, the other worm wheel drives the worm wheel matched with the worm wheel to rotate anticlockwise, when the unmanned aerial vehicle is in specific use, the worm wheels on different worm wheel and worm mechanisms are connected with different wings, and the worm wheels are installed along the front and back directions of the unmanned aerial vehicle, namely the length direction of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the folding (up and down folding) synchronization of the wings of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be realized by the aid of the driving motors in the positive and negative rotation process.
Compared with the prior art, the structure can realize self-locking of the rotation angle of the wing through the worm gear mechanism, and the self-locking characteristic of the structure is utilized to ensure the stable state after rotation; meanwhile, the problem of synchronous control of wing unfolding on two sides of the unmanned aerial vehicle is solved, so that wing folding requirements of the unmanned aerial vehicle during storage and carrying can be met, and wing folding and unfolding can be realized in the flying process of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the structure does not relate to the force arm change between the driving device and the connecting mechanism when in work, so that the folding mechanism is adopted to realize the folding and unfolding of the wings, the folding and unfolding rotating speeds are uniform, and the movement is smooth; meanwhile, the scheme has simple structure, and has the characteristic of reliable performance because the corresponding transmission parts are few in number and are easy to obtain reliable connection or installation.
Unmanned aerial vehicle adopts folding mechanism not only can realize the auto-lock of wing stop angle, and the wing expandes simultaneously and folding rotational speed is even, the motion is smooth, can accomplish the wing folding adjustment at unmanned aerial vehicle flight in-process, be favorable to simplifying unmanned aerial vehicle's structure and performance reliability on the whole.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific application embodiment of the wingspan-direction folding mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle on the unmanned aerial vehicle.
The labels in the figure are respectively: 1. the driving motor 2, the first bevel gear 3, the second bevel gear 4, the transmission shaft 5, the worm wheel shaft 6, the worm 7, the worm wheel 8 and the connecting lug.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples:
example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a wingspan-wise folding mechanism of an unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a driving motor 1, a transmission shaft 4 and a worm wheel 7 and worm 6 mechanism, wherein the transmission shaft 4 is connected with an output end of the driving motor 1, and the transmission shaft 4 can rotate around the axis of the transmission shaft under the action of the driving motor 1;
the worm wheel 7 and worm 6 mechanism is connected to the transmission shaft 4, the number of the worm wheel 7 and worm 6 mechanisms is two, and each set of the worm wheel 7 and worm 6 mechanism comprises a worm wheel 7 and a worm 6 matched with the worm wheel 7;
each end of the transmission shaft 4 is connected with a worm 6, and the worm 6 is coaxial with the transmission shaft 4;
when the transmission shaft 4 rotates, the worm wheels 7 at different ends of the transmission shaft 4 rotate in opposite directions.
In the prior art, the folding mode of wings of an unmanned aerial vehicle is mostly sweepback folding; meanwhile, for the folding implementation mode of unfolding and folding, passive folding mechanisms such as springs and hinges are generally adopted, for example, a driving device and a link mechanism are adopted to be matched. It is structurally more complicated that the form that folding was realized to current based on drive arrangement and link mechanism, and driver part's rotation stroke is less, and the arm of force is short, requires the driving piece to need great moment of torsion, just can make the wing rotatory in short stroke, and the arm of force between its actuating mechanism and the connecting rod is mostly changeable, like this, along with the different moment of rotational position changes thereupon, the arm of force diminishes gradually when being close to the dead point position, and output torque grow, and the condition that probably causes includes: the wings can not be completely unfolded, and need to be lifted by virtue of aerodynamic force, or the wings are unfolded and folded at uneven rotating speed and are not smooth in movement.
In the scheme, the driving motor 1 is used for driving the transmission shaft 4 to rotate around the axis of the driving motor, and in the two sets of worm wheel 7 and worm 6 mechanisms, as the worm 6 coaxial with the transmission shaft 4 is fixed at each end of the transmission shaft 4, the corresponding worm 6 synchronously rotates along with the transmission shaft 4 when the transmission shaft 4 rotates, and the worm wheel 7 can be driven to rotate by the rotation of the worm 6. The above definition is: due to the limitations: when the drive shaft 4 rotates, the worm wheels 7 at the different ends of the drive shaft 4 are in opposite directions, in fact defining the direction of the helical teeth on the two worms 6, namely: when one worm wheel 7 drives the worm wheel 7 matched with the worm wheel 7 to rotate clockwise, the other worm 6 drives the worm wheel 7 matched with the worm wheel 7 to rotate anticlockwise, when the unmanned aerial vehicle is in specific use, the worm wheels 7 on different worm wheel 7 and worm 6 mechanisms are connected with different wings, and the worm wheels 7 are installed along the front and back directions of the unmanned aerial vehicle, namely the length direction of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the upper driving motor 1 can realize the synchronous folding (up and down folding) of the wings of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the forward and reverse rotating process.
Compared with the prior art, the structure can realize self-locking of the rotation angle of the wing through the worm wheel 7 and worm 6 mechanism, and the self-locking characteristic of the structure is utilized to ensure the stable state after rotation; meanwhile, the problem of synchronous control of wing unfolding on two sides of the unmanned aerial vehicle is solved, so that wing folding requirements of the unmanned aerial vehicle during storage and carrying can be met, and wing folding and unfolding can be realized in the flying process of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the structure does not relate to the force arm change between the driving device and the connecting mechanism when in work, so that the folding mechanism is adopted to realize the folding and unfolding of the wings, the folding and unfolding rotating speeds are uniform, and the movement is smooth; meanwhile, the scheme has simple structure, and has the characteristic of reliable performance because the corresponding transmission parts are few in number and are easy to obtain reliable connection or installation.
Example 2:
the present embodiment is further limited on the basis of embodiment 1, and as shown in fig. 1, as a connection form of the driving motor 1 and the transmission shaft 4 with simple and compact structure, the connection form is configured as follows: the output end of the driving motor 1 is connected with the transmission shaft 4 through a bevel gear pair, and the bevel gear pair comprises a second bevel gear 3 fixed on the transmission shaft 4 and a first bevel gear 2 fixed on the output end of the driving motor 1.
In order to optimize the synchronism of the rotation of the two worm wheels 7 and facilitate the synchronism of the actions of the two wings, the two worm wheels are arranged as follows: the fixing point of the second bevel gear 3 on the transmission shaft 4 is positioned in the middle of the transmission shaft 4.
In order to realize the accurate control of the staying position of the wing, the device is set as follows: the driving motor 1 is a servo motor or a stepping motor.
As a person skilled in the art, although the above form using the servo motor and the stepping motor (stepping motor) can solve the problem of the stop position control accuracy well, it involves the problems of high cost, heavy weight and large volume, and in the case that the stepping motor and the servo motor cannot be selected due to the structure, the weight or the cost, the following is set: the driving motor 1 is a brushless motor and further comprises a sensor for detecting the rotation angle of the wing or a limit sensor for limiting the rotation stop point of the wing. When the device is used specifically, the sensors are used for detecting the rotation angle of the wing, and the limit sensors are used for detecting the rotation arrival condition of the wing, so that the working state of the brushless motor is controlled through signal feedback. Preferably, the limit sensor may be a limit switch in consideration of cost.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides an unmanned aerial vehicle, as shown in fig. 1, the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a body, wings positioned on two sides of the body, and a wingspan-direction folding mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle as described in embodiment 1, wherein a driving motor 1 and a transmission shaft 4 are installed on the body, the axial direction of the transmission shaft 4 is along the width direction of the body, and a worm wheel 7 and worm 6 mechanism is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the body;
each worm wheel 7 is coaxially provided with a worm wheel shaft 5;
each worm-wheel shaft 5 is matched with a connection lug 8, the connection lug 8 is fixed on the machine body, a through hole is formed in the connection lug 8, and each worm-wheel shaft 5 is constrained on the machine body through the connection lug 8 matched with the worm-wheel shaft: the worm wheel shaft 5 penetrates through the through hole and is in clearance fit with the through hole;
the wings on the left side of the fuselage are fixedly connected with the worm gear shaft 5 on the left side of the fuselage, and the wings on the right side of the fuselage are fixedly connected with the worm gear shaft 5 on the right side of the fuselage; the axis direction of the worm wheel shaft 5 is along the length direction of the machine body. In this scheme, when transmission shaft 4 is static, the fuselage passes through to the restraint of wing: the worm 6 restrains the worm wheel 7 and the connecting lug 8 supports the worm wheel shaft 5; when the transmission shaft 4 rotates, the worm 6 can drive the worm wheel 7 to rotate around the axis of the worm wheel shaft 5, so that the wings are turned over, and the folding and releasing actions are completed. Because this unmanned aerial vehicle adopts folding mechanism not only can realize the auto-lock of wing stop angle, and the wing expandes simultaneously and folding rotational speed is even, the motion is smooth, can accomplish the wing folding adjustment at unmanned aerial vehicle flight in-process, be favorable to simplifying unmanned aerial vehicle's structure and performance reliability on the whole.
Example 4:
the present embodiment is further limited on the basis of embodiment 3, as shown in fig. 1, in order to better restrain the orientation of the worm wheel shaft 5, the following are provided: each worm wheel shaft 5 penetrates through the worm wheel 7, and the two sides of each worm wheel 7 are provided with connecting lugs 8 for supporting the worm wheel shafts 5 matched with the worm wheel shafts.
In order to optimize the stress of the worm wheel shaft 5, the stress is set as follows: each worm wheel shaft 5 penetrates through the worm wheel 7, and the worm wheel shafts 5 on two sides of each worm wheel 7 are provided with fixed connection points of the worm wheel shafts 5 and the wings.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the specific preferred embodiments thereof, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments thereof. To the utility model belongs to the technical field of the ordinary skilled person say, do not deviate from the utility model discloses a other embodiments that reach under the technical scheme all should be contained the utility model discloses a within the scope of protection.
Claims (8)
1. A wingspan-direction folding mechanism of an unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a driving motor (1), a transmission shaft (4) and a worm gear mechanism, wherein the transmission shaft (4) is connected with the output end of the driving motor (1), and the transmission shaft (4) can rotate around the axis of the transmission shaft under the action of the driving motor (1);
the worm and gear mechanism is connected to the transmission shaft (4), and is characterized in that the number of the worm and gear mechanisms is two, and each set of the worm and gear mechanism comprises a worm wheel (7) and a worm (6) matched with the worm wheel (7);
each end of the transmission shaft (4) is connected with a worm (6), and the worm (6) is coaxial with the transmission shaft (4);
when the transmission shaft (4) rotates, the worm wheels (7) at different ends of the transmission shaft (4) rotate in opposite directions.
2. The wingspan folding mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the output end of the driving motor (1) is connected with the transmission shaft (4) through a bevel gear pair, and the bevel gear pair comprises a second bevel gear (3) fixed on the transmission shaft (4) and a first bevel gear (2) fixed on the output end of the driving motor (1).
3. The wingspan folding mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle is characterized in that the fixing point of the second bevel gear (3) on the transmission shaft (4) is located in the middle of the transmission shaft (4).
4. The wingspan folding mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that the driving motor (1) is a servo motor or a stepping motor.
5. The wingspan folding mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle is characterized in that the driving motor (1) is a brushless motor and further comprises a sensor for detecting the rotation angle of the wing or a limit sensor for limiting the rotation stop point of the wing.
6. An unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a fuselage and wings positioned on two sides of the fuselage, and is characterized by further comprising a wingspan-direction folding mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein a driving motor (1) and a transmission shaft (4) are mounted on the fuselage, the axial direction of the transmission shaft (4) is along the width direction of the fuselage, and a worm and gear mechanism is arranged on each of the left side and the right side of the fuselage;
each worm wheel (7) is coaxially provided with a worm wheel shaft (5);
each worm-gear axle (5) all matches and has connect auricle (8), on connection auricle (8) were fixed in the fuselage, be provided with the through-hole on connection auricle (8), each worm-gear axle (5) are retrained on the fuselage through connection auricle (8) that matches with it: the worm wheel shaft (5) penetrates through the through hole and is in clearance fit with the through hole;
the wings on the left side of the fuselage are fixedly connected with a worm gear shaft (5) on the left side of the fuselage, and the wings on the right side of the fuselage are fixedly connected with a worm gear shaft (5) on the right side of the fuselage; the axis direction of the worm wheel shaft (5) is along the length direction of the machine body.
7. An unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 6, wherein each worm gear shaft (5) is through a worm gear (7), each worm gear (7) having on both sides a connecting lug (8) for supporting the worm gear shaft (5) to which it is mated.
8. An unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 6, wherein each worm gear shaft (5) is through a worm gear (7), and the worm gear shafts (5) on both sides of each worm gear (7) are provided with fixed connection points of the worm gear shafts (5) and the wings.
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CN201920673271.1U CN209921595U (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | Wingspan-direction folding mechanism of unmanned aerial vehicle and unmanned aerial vehicle |
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CN201920673271.1U CN209921595U (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | Wingspan-direction folding mechanism of unmanned aerial vehicle and unmanned aerial vehicle |
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