CN209563199U - A carrot seed combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a carrot seed combine harvester, which belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and includes a frame, a cutting platform, a threshing device, a compound conveying, separating and cleaning device, a collecting device, a walking device and a transmission device; the cutting platform includes a dial Grain wheel, upper cutter and auger; the upper cutter is used to cut the ear head; the surface of the auger is provided with a symmetrical spiral structure; the threshing device is a threshing drum; a feeding port is set at the bottom of the threshing drum; There is a grass discharge port and a discharge port at the bottom; the compound conveying separation and cleaning device includes an inclined conveying and separating auger, a negative pressure cleaning room, a miscellaneous suction pipe and a miscellaneous suction fan; one end of the inclined conveying and separating auger is connected to the discharge port, The negative pressure cleaning chamber is connected under the other end; the negative pressure cleaning chamber communicates with the miscellaneous suction fan through the miscellaneous suction pipe. The harvester can complete combined operations such as cutting, threshing, conveying and cleaning of carrot seed plants at one time, so as to realize separation and obtain clean carrot seeds.

Description

A carrot seed combine harvester

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a carrot seed combine harvester.

Background technique

Carrot is one of the oldest vegetables in our country, which has extremely high edible and nutritional value. As the basis of carrot production, carrot seeds determine the yield and quality of carrot cultivation. Carrot seed harvesting is a key link in production. It is generally carried out when the main shoot inflorescence turns brown and the first-level side branch inflorescence starts to turn brown, or when the first-level side branch inflorescence turns brown and the second-level side branch inflorescence starts to turn brown. Seed harvesting is an important link in the production process of carrot seeds that requires the most labor and is the most difficult, and directly affects the harvest and quality.

At present, the harvest of carrot seeds in my country is mainly done manually, with backward production methods, high labor intensity and low harvest efficiency, which seriously affects the development of carrot breeding industry. In recent years, some scientific research units and enterprises have tried to use the existing rice-wheat combine harvester to harvest carrot seeds, but the loss rate, impurity rate, and seed damage rate are high, and no effective solution has been found. Therefore, breeding bases and farmers urgently need special combine harvesters suitable for carrot seed harvesting.

Utility model content

In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a carrot seed combine harvester, which can complete the combined operations of cutting, threshing, conveying, and cleaning carrot seed plants at one time, and realize short stems, inflorescences, Separation of pedicels, kernels, bristles, etc. to obtain clean carrot seeds.

In order to achieve the above object, the concrete scheme that the utility model adopts is:

A carrot seed combine harvester, characterized in that it includes a frame, a header, a threshing device, a compound conveying separation and cleaning device, a collecting device, a walking device and a transmission device; the header is mounted on the front of the frame , including two relatively rotating reels, an upper cutter and an auger for cutting ear heads; the upper cutter includes a static knife and a moving knife, and the moving knife reciprocates relative to the static knife to achieve The cutting of the ear head of the crop on the entire header width; the surface of the auger is provided with a left-right symmetrical spiral structure;

The threshing device includes a threshing drum; a feeding port leading into the inside of the threshing drum is provided at the bottom of the threshing drum facing the auger; the top of the threshing drum is provided with a grass outlet, and the bottom is also provided with a drain Export;

The compound conveying separation and cleaning device includes an inclined conveying and separating auger, a negative pressure cleaning room, a miscellaneous suction pipe and a miscellaneous suction fan; one end of the inclined conveying and separating auger communicates with the discharge port of the threshing drum, and is close to the bottom of the other end. A negative pressure cleaning room is connected; the negative pressure cleaning room communicates with the miscellaneous suction fan through a miscellaneous suction pipe; a collection device is provided below the negative pressure cleaning room;

The transmission device includes an engine providing power and a gearbox connected to the engine; the gearbox outputs transmission power through a horizontal output shaft and an output vertical shaft respectively; transmission connection; the output vertical shaft is connected with the main shaft of the threshing drum which drives the rotation of the threshing drum; The transmission vertical shaft on one side of the header is connected by transmission; the transmission vertical shaft changes direction through a bevel gear and is connected with the auger main shaft that drives the auger to rotate; the transmission vertical shaft is also driven by a crank-link mechanism The moving knife of the cutter performs reciprocating motion; the transmission vertical shaft is also connected to a reel through a sprocket; and the two reels realize opposite steering through a group of intersecting conveyor belts.

As a further optimization of the above solution, grain dividers are respectively arranged on the two outer sides of the reel.

As a further optimization of the above solution, a lower cutter for cutting and placing crop stalks is provided below the threshing drum; the lower cutter is connected to the main shaft of the threshing drum through gears.

As a further optimization of the above scheme, the inclined conveying separation auger includes a shroud, a cylindrical screen, an auger main shaft and an auger blade welded on the auger main shaft; The front section is closed, and the rear section away from the threshing drum has a through hole through which only grains and light impurities pass.

As a further optimization of the above scheme, the walking device is a walking tractor chassis; a tail wheel is installed at the bottom of the rear side of the frame, and a guide wheel is installed at the bottom of the front side.

Beneficial effect:

The utility model provides a carrot seed combined harvester, which has a small frame size and a compact structure, and can complete combined operations such as cutting, threshing, transporting, and cleaning carrot seed plants at one time, and solves the problem of combined carrot seed harvesting. Mechanization problems, adapt to the regional planting mode of carrots in my country. This machine can realize efficient separation of short stems, inflorescences, pedicels, grains, bristles, etc., and obtain clean carrot seeds with low impurity content, low seed damage rate, and low loss rate, which greatly improves production efficiency and reduces production costs. cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a top view schematic diagram of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the working principle diagram of negative pressure cleaning room described in the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the power schematic diagram of the utility model;

Reference signs: 1, reel; 2, upper cutter; 3, auger; 4, threshing drum; ;9. Inclined conveying separation auger; 10. Auger main shaft; 11. Negative pressure cleaning room; 12. Miscellaneous suction pipe; 13. Miscellaneous suction fan; 14. Engine; , guide wheel; 18, lower cutter; 19, output vertical shaft; 20, threshing drum main shaft; 21, transmission vertical shaft; 22, screw auger main shaft; 23, crank-link mechanism; 24, universal joint transmission device; 25. Collection device.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

A carrot seed combine harvester, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, includes a frame, a header, a threshing device, a compound conveying separation and cleaning device, a collecting device 25, a traveling device and a transmission device.

The header is articulated in front of the frame, and the header includes two reels 1 , a grain divider, an upper cutter 2 and an auger 3 that are arranged on both sides of the reel 1 . The upper cutters 2 are uniformly arranged behind the reel 1, and each upper cutter 2 includes a static knife and a moving knife, the static knife is fixed, and the moving knife reciprocates relative to the static knife to realize For the cutting of the ears of crops, the reciprocating motion of the moving knife is realized by the crank-link mechanism 23 driven by the transmission device; the two reels 1 are relatively rotated to guide the crops before cutting, support the crops during cutting, and After cutting, the crops are thrown to the auger 3; the auger 3 is arranged in front of the feeding port, and its surface has a symmetrical helical structure.

The threshing device is a vertical axial flow threshing drum 4, which includes a shell, a drum and a grid concave plate arranged in the shell, and an additional bracket is attached outside the shell to firmly connect the shell of the drum to the frame. The top of the threshing cylinder 4 is provided with a grass outlet 5, and the bottom is provided with a discharge port 6; the front side of the bottom of the threshing cylinder 4 is provided with a feeding inlet, and the feeding inlet is facing the auger 3, so that the auger The ear heads cut by the upper cutter 2 on both sides of the pusher 3 gather towards the middle of the feeding inlet, so that the cut crop ear heads on the entire header width are pushed to the inside of the threshing drum 4 .

A lower cutter 18 is also provided below the vertical axial flow threshing drum 4, which is driven by gear transmission for cutting and placing crop stalks.

The compound conveying, separating and cleaning device includes an inclined conveying and separating auger 9 , a negative pressure cleaning chamber 11 , a miscellaneous suction fan 13 and a miscellaneous suction pipe 12 . The inclined conveying separation auger 9 includes a deflector 7, a cylindrical screen 8, an auger main shaft 10 and a spiral auger blade welded on the auger main shaft 10; the deflector 7 plays a role in conveying the mixture. function, fixed on the frame; the front section of the cylindrical screen 8 is closed, and the rear end has holes, only grains and some debris can pass through, and the stalks are discharged from the end of the inclined conveying and separating auger 9; One end of the inclined conveying and separating auger 9 communicates with the outlet 6 of the threshing drum 4, and a negative pressure cleaning chamber 11 is connected below the other end; 12 communicates with the miscellaneous suction fan 13, and the grains and light impurities separated by the inclined conveying separation auger 9 fall to the negative pressure cleaning chamber 11, and during the sliding process along the inner wall of the negative pressure cleaning chamber 11, the miscellaneous suction fan 13 Under the action, the lighter light impurities are sucked out along the suction duct 12, and the heavier grains fall into the collection device 25 below the negative pressure cleaning chamber 11, thereby completing the cleaning process. The collection device 25 is a collection box, and the collection box is fixed on the frame.

Described walking part is walking tractor walking chassis, and engine 14 is rear position, and tail wheel 16 is installed at the frame rear bottom, and guide wheel 17 is installed at the front bottom.

The transmission device includes a powered engine 14 and a gearbox 15 connected to the engine 14; the gearbox 15 outputs transmission power through a horizontal output shaft and an output vertical shaft 19 respectively; The main shaft of the rotating miscellaneous suction fan is driven and connected; the output vertical shaft 19 is connected with the threshing drum main shaft 20 that drives the threshing drum 4 to rotate; 9 transmission connection; the threshing drum main shaft 20 is also connected with the transmission vertical shaft 21 arranged on one side of the header; the transmission vertical shaft 21 changes direction through a bevel gear and is connected with the auger main shaft that drives the auger 3 to rotate 22 transmission connections; the transmission vertical shaft 21 also drives the moving knife of the upper cutter 2 to reciprocate through the crank-link mechanism 23; the transmission vertical shaft 21 is also connected with a reel 1 transmission through the sprocket; the two The reel 1 realizes opposite turning by a set of intersecting conveyor belts.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the power of the transmission device is provided by the rear engine 14 , the power is transmitted through the engine 14 , and transmitted to the gearbox 15 through the belt drive. The power transmission of the gearbox 15 is divided into two directions. In the horizontal direction, the power of the miscellaneous suction fan 13 is transmitted from the pulley on the horizontal output shaft of the gearbox 15 to the pulley on the main shaft of the miscellaneous suction fan, thereby driving the miscellaneous suction fan 13 to rotate; In the vertical direction, the output vertical shaft 19 of the whole machine gearbox 15 is transmitted to the main shaft 20 of the threshing drum to drive the entire threshing drum 4 to rotate; The universal joint transmission device 24 fixed on the frame works, and the transmission direction is changed through the universal joint, thereby driving the rotation of the whole inclined conveying separation auger. At the same time, the power of the main shaft 20 of the threshing drum is transmitted to the transmission vertical shaft 21 on one side of the header, and a part of it changes direction through the bevel gear transmission at the end of the transmission vertical shaft 21 to drive the auger main shaft 22 to rotate; the other part passes through the end of the transmission vertical shaft 21. The upper crank-link mechanism 23 realizes the reciprocating motion of the movable knife of the upper cutter 2; the reel 1 is driven by the sprocket wheel in the middle of the transmission vertical shaft 21, and the two reels 1 realize the opposite direction through a group of crossed conveyor belts. steering.

During the working process, the engine 14 is turned on, and the ear head of the crop is cut off by the upper cutter 2 under the guidance of the reel 1, and thrown to the auger 3, and the ear head of the crop is gathered under the action of the auger 3 To the middle of the feed inlet, enter the vertical axial flow threshing drum 4, and make a spiral movement from bottom to bottom under the action of the vertical axial flow threshing drum 4, and at the same time complete threshing and separation under the action of the threshing element, long stems and other debris It is discharged from the grass discharge outlet 5 at the top of the threshing drum 4, and the short stalks, carrot seeds, tidbits and other prolapsed matter fall from the bottom discharge outlet 6 into the compound conveying, separating and cleaning device, and are pushed backward by the inclined conveying and separating auger 9. , under the separation action of the cylindrical sieve 8, the long stalks are pushed to the end and discharged out of the machine, the grains and some light impurities fall to the negative pressure cleaning chamber 11, slide down the inner wall of the negative pressure cleaning chamber 11, and are Under the action, the light debris such as light tidbits and short stalks are discharged out of the machine through the miscellaneous suction pipe 12 and the miscellaneous suction fan 13 with the upward airflow, and the heavy carrot seeds move downward along the cylinder wall and fall into the collection device 25 , to complete the seed harvest.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned implementations are only preferred examples of the present utility model, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, on the premise of not departing from the essence and scope of the utility model, some non-essential improvements and adjustments made to the utility model still belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of Carrot Seed combined harvester, it is characterised in that: including rack, the ceding of Taiwan, sheller unit, combined type conveying point From cleaning plant, collection device (25), running gear and transmission device；The ceding of Taiwan is articulated in the front of rack, including two The winder (1) of relative rotation, upper cutter (2) and auger (3) for cutting fringe head；The upper cutter (2) Including quiet knife and moving knife, the relatively quiet knife of the moving knife moves reciprocatingly to realize cutting for crop fringe head on entire ceding of Taiwan width It cuts；Auger (3) surface is equipped with symmetrical helical structure；

The sheller unit includes threshing cylinder (4)；It is set at the bottom face auger (3) of the threshing cylinder (4) Have and is passed through the internal feeding mouth of threshing cylinder (4)；The top of the threshing cylinder (4) is equipped with straw outlet (5), bottom is additionally provided with row It exports (6)；

The combined type conveying separating cleaning device includes inclination conveying separation screw feeder (9), negative pressure cleaning room (11), gettering pipeline (12) and impurity adsorbing blower (13)；Described inclination conveying separation screw feeder (9) one end is connected to the outlet (6) of threshing cylinder (4), Negative pressure cleaning room (11) are connected with below the other end；The negative pressure cleaning room (11) passes through gettering pipeline (12) and gettering Blower (13) connection；Collection device (25) are equipped with below the negative pressure cleaning room (11)；

The transmission device includes the engine (14) for providing power and the gearbox (15) with engine (14) transmission connection；Institute It states gearbox (15) and transfer motion power is exported by horizontal output shaft and output vertical shaft (19) respectively；The horizontal output shaft and drive The impurity adsorbing blower spindle drive connection of impurity adsorbing blower (13) rotation；The output vertical shaft (19) and drive threshing cylinder (4) rotation Threshing cylinder main shaft (20) transmission connection；The threshing cylinder main shaft (20) changes direction by card gear (24) And screw feeder (9) transmission connection is separated with inclination conveying；The threshing cylinder main shaft (20) also with transmission that ceding of Taiwan side is set Vertical shaft (21) transmission connection；The transmission vertical shaft (21) changes direction by bevel gear and rotates with auger (3) are driven Auger main shaft (22) transmission connection；The transmission vertical shaft (21) is also driven by crank-link mechanism (23) and is cut The moving knife of cutter (2) moves reciprocatingly；The transmission vertical shaft (21) is also sequentially connected by sprocket wheel and a winder (1)；Two A winder (1) realizes opposite steering by the conveyer belt of one group of intersection.

2. a kind of Carrot Seed combined harvester as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the winder (1) Nearside divider is respectively set in two outsides.

3. a kind of Carrot Seed combined harvester as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the threshing cylinder (4) Lower section is equipped with for cutting the lower cutter (18) for putting crop stem；The lower cutter (18) passes through gear and threshing cylinder main shaft (20) it is sequentially connected.

4. a kind of Carrot Seed combined harvester as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the inclination conveys separation Screw feeder (9) includes that pod (7), drum sieve (8), screw feeder main shaft (10) and the screw type being welded on screw feeder main shaft (10) are stirred Imperial blade；The drum sieve (8) is closed in the leading portion close to threshing cylinder (4), is provided with only on the back segment far from threshing cylinder (4) Seed and it is light it is miscellaneous by through-hole.

5. a kind of Carrot Seed combined harvester as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the running gear is hand steered Tractor walking chassis；It is equipped with tail wheel (16) in the rack bottom rear, front side bottom is equipped with directive wheel (17).